Common use of Baseline Conditions Clause in Contracts

Baseline Conditions. The analysis of simulation results for the baseline conditions is aimed at assessing whether the developed water balance model can provide a realistic overview of the current conditions in the Syros water system. For this purpose, the basic set of indicators presented and commented upon concern water deficits in the urban and agricultural sectors, the production of desalinated water and the current levels of groundwater exploitation. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis is employed to evaluate how assumptions relating to input data influence the model results (uncertainty associated with data used and modelling assumptions). Figure 26 presents the 2010 deficit in the urban and agricultural sectors. As evident, urban water demand is fully met throughout the year (desalination capacity is adequate to meet water demands in all major agglomerations). A very small deficit is experienced in the agglomeration of Chroussa, which relies only on groundwater supply. On the other hand, the deficit in the agricultural sector is not as significant as described by local authorities and stakeholders (yearly coverage ranging between 80 and 90%). This is in line with results from previous studies, which indicate that in most cases farmers resort to deficit irrigation, to cope with the limited supply. The monthly profile of water deficits presented in Figure 26 reveals that these are more pronounced in September, whereas a smaller deficit is experienced in November. The September deficit is due to the fact that both groundwater storage and stored rainwater reach their lowest level at the end of August; thus, at the end of the hydrological year, freshwater availability is at its lowest value, and not enough water is available to meet irrigation demands. Similarly, the small amount of water replenishment in September and October does not allow the coverage of water demands in November, thus resulting in deficit also during that month. Urban Deficit Irrigation Deficit Figure 27 presents results on desalinated water production in the 5 major units of the island. Of the simulated values of water production from individual units, desalinated water production in Hermoupolis is in full agreement with the data obtained by the Municipal Enterprise for Water Supply and Sewerage of Syros- Hermoupolis (the difference between actual and simulated annual production is about 1%). Actual desalinated water production data from the other units were not available. It is further worth noting that during the summer peak the installed capacity is adequate to meet water needs in all agglomerations. The highest levels of capacity exploitation concern Hermoupolis, Poseidonia and Vari (90%, 74% and 70% respectively), whereas the lowest are observed in the agglomerations of Galissas and Kini (63 and 46% respectively). Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Hermoupolis Galissas Kini Poseidonia Vari Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Abstraction Natural recharge Stored volume Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Abstraction Natural recharge Stored volume Figure 28 presents results on groundwater extracted from each hydrogeological unit vs. stored volumes. On an annual basis, and in the case of all hydro-geological units, abstractions are almost equal to the estimated annual recharge, indicating a very high exploitation rate of groundwater bodies.