Conduct of the Affairs of the Corporation and Its Subsidiaries Clause Samples
Conduct of the Affairs of the Corporation and Its Subsidiaries
Capitalization of the Company and its Subsidiaries (a) The authorized stock of the Company consists of 14,984,490 shares of Class A common stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Shares"), of which, as of September 30, 2000, 5,681,156 Shares were issued and outstanding, and 15,510 shares of Series A-1 convertible preferred stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Convertible Preferred Stock"), of which, as of September 30, 2000, 14,511 shares were outstanding. All of the outstanding Shares have been validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable, and free of preemptive rights granted by the Company. As of September 30, 2000, (i) 1,515,338 were reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding Company Stock Options issued pursuant to the Option Plans and other stock option plans, or agreements to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party, (ii) 967,448 Shares were reserved for issuance upon the conversion of the outstanding Convertible Preferred Stock, and (iii) 123,370 Shares were reserved for issuance upon the exercise of the outstanding Warrants. Except as set forth in Section 3.2(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, since September 30, 2000, no shares of the Company's stock have been issued other than pursuant to Company Stock Options or other stock-based employee benefit plans of the Company and no options to acquire Shares have been granted other than pursuant to the Option Plans. Except as set forth above and in Section 3.2(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, as of the date hereof, there are issued, reserved for issuance, or outstanding (i) no shares of stock or other voting securities of the Company, (ii) no securities of the Company or its subsidiaries convertible into or exchangeable for shares of stock or voting securities of the Company, (iii) no options or other rights to acquire from the Company or its subsidiaries and, except for the Series B Preferred Stock issuable upon exercise of the Option or as described in Section 3.2(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, no obligations of the Company or its subsidiaries to issue any stock, voting securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable for stock or voting securities of the Company, (iv) no bonds, debentures, notes or other indebtedness or obligations of the Company or any of its subsidiaries entitling the holders thereof to have the right to vote (or which are convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, securities entitling the holders thereof to have the right to vote) with the stockholders of the Company or any of its subsidiaries on any matter, and (v) no equity equivalent interests in the ownership or earnings of the Company or its subsidiaries or other similar rights (collectively "Company Securities"). As of the date hereof, except as set forth in Section 3.2(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, there are no outstanding obligations of the Company or its subsidiaries (absolute, contingent or otherwise) to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any Company Securities. There are no Shares outstanding subject to rights of first refusal of the Company, nor are there any pre-emptive rights granted by the Company with respect to any Shares. Other than this Agreement, there are no stockholder agreements, voting trusts or other agreements or understandings to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound relating to the voting or, except as set forth in Section 3.2(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, registration of any shares of stock of the Company. (b) Except as set forth in Section 3.2(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, all of the outstanding stock of the Company's subsidiaries is owned by the Company, directly or indirectly, free and clear of any Lien (as defined below). There are no securities of the Company or its subsidiaries convertible into or exchangeable for, no options or other rights to acquire from the Company or its subsidiaries and no other contract, understanding, arrangement or obligation (whether or not contingent) providing for the issuance or sale, directly or indirectly, of any stock or other ownership interests in, or any other securities, of any subsidiary of, the Company. Except as set forth in Section 3.2(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, there are no outstanding contractual obligations of the Company or its subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any outstanding shares of capital stock or other ownership interests in any subsidiary of the Company. For purposes of this Agreement, "Lien" means, with respect to any asset (including without limitation any security), any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest or encumbrance of any kind in respect of such asset (including any restrictions on the right to vote or sell the same except as may be provided as a matter of law).
Incorporation and Good Standing of the Company and its Subsidiaries The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectus and to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement. Each subsidiary of the Company has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization and has the requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectus. Each of the Company and the subsidiaries is duly qualified as a foreign corporation or foreign partnership to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except for such jurisdictions where the failure to so qualify or to be in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change. Except as described in the Prospectus, all of the issued and outstanding capital stock or other equity interests of the subsidiaries have been duly authorized and validly issued, are fully paid and nonassessable and are owned by the Company free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance or adverse claim. The Company does not own or control, directly or indirectly, any corporation, association or other entity other than the subsidiaries listed in Exhibit 21.1 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the most recently ended fiscal year and other than (i) those subsidiaries not required to be listed on Exhibit 21.1 by Item 601 of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act and (ii) those subsidiaries formed or acquired since the last day of the most recently ended fiscal year.
Conduct of the Company’s Business During the period from the date of this Agreement and continuing until the earlier of the Effective Time and the date nominees of Parent or Subsidiary constitute a majority of the members of the board of trustees of the Company (such earlier time, the “Control Time”), except either as consented to in writing (including by email or other electronic transmission) by Parent in response to a written or oral request therefore from the Company (which response shall not be unreasonably delayed), the Company shall, and shall cause its subsidiaries to, conduct its and their business in the ordinary course and use commercially reasonable efforts to conduct its and their business relationships with third parties and to keep available the services of their present officers and employees, provided that it does not require additional compensation, and preserve its and their relationships with customers, suppliers and others having business dealings with the Company and its subsidiaries, and to maintain the Company’s qualification as a REIT, in each case subject to the terms of or contemplated by this Agreement. In addition, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, except as expressly permitted in this Agreement, from the date hereof until the Control Time, the Company shall not, and shall cause its subsidiaries not to: (a) (i) authorize, declare or pay any dividends on or make other distributions in respect of any of its stock (except for dividends by a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company to its parent and except for distributions necessary for the Company to maintain its REIT qualification, avoid the incurrence of any taxes under Section 857 of the Code, avoid the imposition of any excise taxes under Section 4981 of the Code, or avoid the need to make one or more extraordinary or disproportionately larger distributions to meet any of the three preceding objectives), (ii) split, combine or reclassify any of its stock or issue or authorize or propose the issuance of any other securities or (iii) repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of stock of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any other securities thereof or any rights, warrants or options to acquire any such shares or other securities; (b) except in accordance with the Share Option Agreement, issue, deliver, sell, pledge or encumber, or authorize or propose the issuance, delivery, sale, pledge or encumbrance of, any shares of its beneficial interests, stock or any other security; (c) amend or propose to amend its declaration of trust, certificate of incorporation or bylaws (or similar organizational documents); (d) (i) acquire or agree to acquire any material assets (including securities) outside the ordinary course or merge or consolidate with any person or engage in any similar transaction or (ii) make any loans, advances or capital contributions to, or investments in, any other person, other than to the Company or any wholly owned subsidiary of the Company and other than loans to auto dealers in the ordinary course of business which would, when originated, qualify as Eligible Receivables under the Warehouse Line; (e) sell, lease, license, encumber or otherwise dispose of any of its assets or any interest therein, other than in the ordinary course (including the disposition of any assets acquired as a result of a foreclosure), or adopt a plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, merger, consolidation, restructuring or other reorganization; (f) incur or suffer to exist any indebtedness for borrowed money or guarantee any such indebtedness, guarantee any debt of others, enter into any “keep-well” or other agreement to maintain any financial statement condition of another person or enter into any arrangement having the economic effect of any of the foregoing, except for borrowings under the Warehouse Line; (g) make or rescind any Tax election or settle or compromise any Tax liability of the Company or any of its subsidiaries; (h) make or agree to make any capital expenditures other than in amounts of less than $75,000 in the aggregate; (i) pay, discharge, settle or satisfy any Claim (whether absolute, accrued, asserted or unasserted, contingent or otherwise), other than the payment, discharge, settlement or satisfaction, in the ordinary course of business or in accordance with their terms, of Claims whether recognized or disclosed in the most recent financial statements (or the notes thereto) of the Company included in the Company Filed SEC Documents or incurred since the date of such financial statements in the ordinary course of business except for cash payments (x) paid by any insurer or person other than the Company and any subsidiary of the Company, plus (y) an amount paid by the Company or any subsidiary of the Company not exceeding $100,000 per Claim, liability or obligation or $500,000 for all Claims in the aggregate. (j) (i) modify, amend or terminate any material contract, (ii) waive, release or assign any material rights or claims, (iii) waive the benefits of, or agree to modify in any manner, any confidentiality, standstill or similar agreement, or fail to enforce any such agreement to the fullest extent practicable, including by seeking injunctive relief and specific performance or (iv) except, with respect to this clause (iv), in the ordinary course of business, enter into any material contracts or transactions; (i) increase the compensation or benefits of any director, trustee, officer or employee, except for, in the cases of non-officer employees, increases in the ordinary course that are consistent with past practice, (ii) adopt any material amendment to a Benefit Plan, (iii) enter into, amend or modify any employment, consulting, severance, termination or similar agreement with any director, trustee, officer or employee, (iv) accelerate the payment of compensation or benefits to any director, officer or employee, (v) take any action to fund or in any other way secure the payment of compensation or benefits under any Benefit Plan or compensation agreement or arrangement; or change any actuarial or other assumption used to calculate funding obligations with respect to any pension plan or change the timing or manner in which contributions to any pension plan are made or the basis on which such contributions are determined or (vi) take any action that could give rise to severance benefits payable to any officer, trustee, director, or employee of the Company or any subsidiary as a result of consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; provided that nothing in this paragraph (k) shall preclude the payment by the Company of accrued, but unpaid bonuses to employees for 2004 and retroactive salary adjustments in each case as set forth in Section 6.1(k) of the Company Disclosure Schedule; (l) take any action to exempt or make not subject to or to otherwise waive or cause to be inapplicable (x) the provisions of any Takeover Statute or (y) Section 7.2 of the Declaration of Trust, in each case to any individual or entity (other than Parent or its subsidiaries), or any action taken thereby, which individual, entity or action would have otherwise been subject to the restrictive provisions thereof and not exempt therefrom; (m) take any action to delist the Shares from Nasdaq; (n) make any material change to its methods of accounting in effect on the date hereof, except as required by changes in GAAP as concurred with by the Company’s independent auditors, or change its fiscal year; (o) enter into any transaction with any of its affiliates other than pursuant to arrangements in effect on the date hereof which have been disclosed to Parent; (p) accelerate the collection of receivables or defer the payment of payables, or modify the payment terms of any receivables or payables, in each case, other than in the ordinary course of business; (q) securitize, or create any financing arrangements in the nature of a collateralized debt obligation with respect to, any accounts receivable, loans or other assets; (r) amend or modify the existing agreement between Company and Company Financial Advisor; or (s) authorize any of, or commit or agree to take any of, the foregoing actions or any action that would result in a breach of any representation, warranty or agreement of the Company contained in this Agreement as of the date when made or as of any future date or would result in any of the conditions to the Merger not being satisfied or in a material delay in the satisfaction of such conditions.
Interim Operations of the Company The Company covenants and agrees as to itself and its Subsidiaries that during the period from the date of this Agreement until the Effective Time or the date, if any, on which this Agreement is earlier terminated pursuant to Section 7.1, except as (w) disclosed in Section 5.1 of the Company Disclosure Letter, (x) expressly contemplated or permitted by this Agreement, (y) required by applicable Law, or (z) agreed to in writing by Parent, after the date of this Agreement and prior to the Effective Time: (a) the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries shall be conducted only in the ordinary course consistent with past practice, and the Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to preserve intact its business organization and goodwill and the business organization and goodwill of its Subsidiaries and keep available the services of their current officers and employees and preserve and maintain existing relations with customers, suppliers, officers, employees and creditors; (b) the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, (i) enter into any new line of business, (ii) incur or commit to any capital expenditures, or any obligations or liabilities in connection with any capital expenditures during calendar year 2006 other than (x) capital expenditures and obligations or liabilities incurred or committed to in an amount not greater, in the aggregate, than the amount in the Company’s total capital budget for calendar year 2006 approved by the Company Board on January 26, 2006, which has been furnished to Parent prior to the date of this Agreement, plus (y) any other capital expenditure, obligations, liabilities or commitments made by the Company after the date of this Agreement in an aggregate amount not to exceed $10,000,000 provided, however, that notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not commit to incur any expenditure, obligation, liability or other payment with respect to any capital expenditure related to an exploration well in the event the Company’s share or portion of the initial authorization for expenditure with respect to such exploration well exceeds $3,000,000 plus (z) expenditures (or obligations or liabilities related thereto) in connection with acquisitions so long as such expenditures with respect to any individual acquisition do not exceed $1,000,000 or (iii) during any rolling three (3) month period, incur or commit to any capital expenditures contemplated by the Company’s capital budget described in clause (ii) above in an amount that exceeds, by more than thirty percent (30%) the amounts contemplated by such budget to be incurred or committed to during such three (3) month period; (c) the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, amend its certificate of incorporation or bylaws or similar organizational documents; (d) the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries (other than direct or indirect wholly owned Subsidiaries) to, declare, set aside or pay any dividend or other distribution, whether payable in cash, stock or any other property or right, with respect to its capital stock; (e) the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to (i) adjust, split, combine or reclassify any capital stock or issue, grant, sell, transfer, pledge, dispose of or encumber any additional shares of, or securities convertible into or exchangeable for, or options, warrants, calls, commitments or rights of any kind to acquire, any shares of capital stock of any class or of any other such securities or agreements of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, other than (x) issuances of Company Common Stock pursuant to the Company Options or Performance Stock Awards outstanding on the date of this Agreement (y) issuances of Company Stock Options or Company Stock Awards prior to the Effective Time to directors or new employees in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice, or (ii) except as required pursuant to the terms of the Company Plans in effect on the date of this Agreement, redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire directly or indirectly any of its capital stock or any other securities or agreements of the type described in clause (i) of this Section 5.1(e) other than pursuant to any “cashless” exercise provisions of existing Company Stock Options; (f) other than (i) as required pursuant to the terms of the Company Plans in effect on the date of this Agreement (ii) as specifically described on Section 5.1(f) of the Company Disclosure Letter or (iii) grants of retention bonuses or adoption of retention plans in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, provided that no such bonuses shall be granted and no awards will be made under any such plans unless the beneficiary thereof agrees to continue his or her employment through the Effective Time and thereafter for a transition period to be determined in the discretion of Parent but not to exceed a time period of 90 days after the Effective Time, and provided further that the aggregate amount of all payments pursuant to such grants, awards or plans after the date hereof shall not exceed $250,000, the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, (x) grant any increase in the compensation or benefits payable or to become payable by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any former or current director, officer or employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries other than to non-officer employees in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, (y) adopt, enter into, amend or otherwise increase, or accelerate the payment or vesting of the amounts, benefits or rights payable or accrued or to become payable or accrued under, any Company Plan (other than entry into employment agreements with new hires in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice; provided that such employment agreement shall be terminable at will, without penalty to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries), or (z) grant any severance or termination pay to any officer, director or employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries except termination amounts paid to non-contract employees related to termination of such employee’s employment in the Company’s ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice; (g) the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, change its methods of accounting (other than Tax accounting, which shall be governed by clause (m) below) in effect as of the date of this Agreement, except in accordance with changes in GAAP as concurred to by the Company’s independent auditors; (h) the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to (i) other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice acquire any Person or other business organization, division or business by merger, consolidation, purchase of an equity interest or assets, or by any other manner, or (ii) other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or pursuant to agreements in effect on the date of this Agreement and set forth in Section 5.1(h) of the Company Disclosure Letter, acquire any assets; (i) other than the sale or consumption of inventory and Hydrocarbons in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or the sale of any assets pursuant to agreements in effect on the date of this Agreement and set forth in Section 5.1(h) of the Company Disclosure Letter or the sale of obsolete or other Company Assets that are to be replaced or discontinued in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, sell, lease, exchange, transfer or otherwise dispose of, or agree to sell, lease, exchange, transfer or otherwise dispose of, any material Company Assets and shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to sell, lease exchange, transfer or otherwise dispose of, or agree to sell, lease, exchange, transfer or otherwise dispose of any material Company Assets; (j) the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, mortgage, pledge, hypothecate, grant any security interest in, or otherwise subject to any other Lien other than Permitted Liens, any of the Company Assets; (k) the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, (i) except as set forth in clause (ii) below, and except for payment of current accounts payable in the ordinary course of business, pay, discharge or satisfy any claims (including claims of stockholders), liabilities or obligations (absolute, accrued, asserted or unasserted, contingent or otherwise) where such payment, discharge or satisfaction would require any payment except for the payment, discharge or satisfaction of liabilities or obligations in accordance with the terms of agreements in effect on the date of this Agreement or entered into after the date of this Agreement in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and not in violation of this Agreement, in each case to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound and except for any payments, discharges or settlements that do not exceed $2,000,000 individually or $5,000,000 in the aggregate, or (ii) compromise, settle, grant any waiver or release relating to any Litigation, other than settlements or compromises of litigation where the amount paid or to be paid does not exceed $2,000,000 individually or $5,000,000 in the aggregate; (l) other than the ordinary advance or reimbursement of expenses in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, engage in any transaction with (except pursuant to agreements in effect at the time of this Agreement and set forth in Section 3.9(a) or 3.18 of the Company Disclosure Letter), or enter into any agreement, arrangement, or understanding with, directly or indirectly, any of the Company’s affiliates; provided, that for the avoidance of doubt, for purposes of this clause (l), the term “affiliates” shall not include any employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, other than the directors and executive officers thereof; (m) except as set forth in Section 5.1(m) of the Company Disclosure Letter, the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, make or change any material Tax election, change any material method of Tax accounting, grant any material extension of time to assess any Tax or settle any Tax claim, amend any Return in any material respect or settle or compromise any material Tax liability; (n) the Company shall not intentionally, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to intentionally, take any action that would, or could reasonably be expected to, result in any of its representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement becoming untrue in a manner that would give rise to the failure of the closing condition set forth in Section 6.3(a); (o) the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, adopt or enter into a plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, merger, consolidation, restructuring, recapitalization or other reorganization of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (other than the Merger or with respect to an inactive wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company) or any agreement relating to an Acquisition Proposal, except as provided for in Section 5.3; (p) the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, (i) incur or assume any long-term debt, other than any advances, loans or other obligations under the Company Credit Agreement, (ii) incur or assume any short-term Indebtedness other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or any short-term Indebtedness under the Company Credit Agreement, (iii) modify the terms of any Indebtedness to increase the Company’s obligations with respect thereto, provided that the Company may increase the amount outstanding under the Company Credit Agreement and provided further that in addition to any obligations permitted by this section, the Company may incur long-term, short-term or increases in its obligation under existing debt under items (i), (ii) and (iii) in an aggregate amount not to exceed $20,000,000, (iv) assume, guarantee, endorse or otherwise become liable or responsible (whether directly, contingently or otherwise) for the obligations of any other Person (other than a Subsidiary of the Company), except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and in no event exceeding $2,000,000 individually, (v) make any loans, advances or capital contributions to, or investments in, any other Person (other than to wholly owned Subsidiaries of the Company), or by such Subsidiaries to the Company, other than customary loans or advances to employees in accordance with past practice, or (vi) enter into any material commitment or transaction, except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and except as otherwise authorized in Sections 5.2(b), 5.2(h) and 5.2(i); (q) the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, enter into any agreement, understanding or commitment that materially restrains, limits or impedes the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ ability to compete with or conduct any business or line of business, including geographic limitations on the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ activities (other than confidentiality agreements and area of mutual interest agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business); (r) except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or as contemplated by this Agreement, the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, modify or amend in any material respect, or terminate, any material contract to which it is a party or waive in any material respect or assign any of its material rights or claims; (s) the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, fail to maintain in full force and effect its existing insurance policies or insurance with respect to its assets and businesses against such liabilities, casualties, risks and contingencies as is customary in the domestic or applicable foreign oil and gas exploration industry; and (t) the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, enter into an agreement, contract, commitment or arrangement to do any of the foregoing. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 5.1 to the contrary, the Company shall not intentionally, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to intentionally, enter into any transaction or take any other action that would be reasonably likely to have a material adverse impact on, or materially delay, the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or that would be reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
Conduct of Business of the Company Except as contemplated by this Agreement or in connection with the IPO Transaction or as described on Exhibit B or in Section 4.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, during the period from the date of this Agreement to the Effective Time, the Company will and will cause each of its subsidiaries to conduct its operations in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and, to the extent consistent therewith, with no less diligence and effort than would be applied in the absence of this Agreement, use commercially reasonable efforts to preserve intact its current business organizations, keep available the service of its current officers and employees and preserve its relationships with customers, suppliers, distributors, lessors, creditors, employees, contractors and others having business dealings with it with the intention that its goodwill and ongoing businesses shall be unimpaired at the Effective Time. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement and except as contemplated by this Agreement or in connection with the IPO Transaction or as described on Exhibit B or in Section 4.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, prior to the Effective Time, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries will, without the prior written consent of AREP Oil & Gas: (a) amend its Certificate of Incorporation or bylaws (or other similar governing instrument); (b) authorize for issuance, issue, sell, deliver or agree or commit to issue, sell or deliver (whether through the issuance or granting of options, warrants, commitments, subscriptions, rights to purchase or otherwise) any stock of any class or any other debt or equity securities or equity equivalents (including any stock options or stock appreciation rights); (c) split, combine or reclassify any shares of its capital stock, declare, set aside or pay any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, stock or property or any combination thereof) in respect of its capital stock, make any other actual, constructive or deemed distribution in respect of its capital stock or otherwise make any payments to stockholders in their capacity as such, or redeem or otherwise acquire any of its securities or any securities of any of its subsidiaries; (d) adopt a plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, merger, consolidation, restructuring, recapitalization or other reorganization of the Company or any of its subsidiaries (other than the Merger); (e) alter through merger, liquidation, reorganization, restructuring or any other fashion the corporate structure of any subsidiary; (f) (i) incur or assume any long-term or short-term debt or issue any debt securities in each case, except for borrowings under lines of credit in the ordinary course of business, or modify or agree to any amendment of the terms of any of the foregoing; (ii) assume, guarantee, endorse or otherwise become liable or responsible (whether directly, contingently or otherwise) for the obligations of any other person except for obligations of subsidiaries of the Company incurred in the ordinary course of business; (iii) make any loans, advances or capital contributions to or investments in any other person (other than to subsidiaries of the Company or customary loans or advances to employees in each case in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice); (iv) pledge or otherwise encumber shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its subsidiaries; or (v) mortgage or pledge any of its material assets, tangible or intangible, or create or suffer to exist any material Lien thereupon; (g) except as may be required by Applicable Law, enter into, adopt or amend or terminate any bonus, special remuneration, compensation, severance, stock option, stock purchase agreement, retirement, health, life, or disability insurance, severance or other employee benefit plan agreement, trust, fund or other arrangement for the benefit or welfare of any director, officer, employee or consultant in any manner or increase in any manner the compensation or fringe benefits of any director, officer or employee or pay any benefit not required by any plan and arrangement as in effect as of the date of this Agreement (including the granting of stock appreciation rights or performance units); (h) grant any severance or termination pay to any director, officer, employee or consultant, except payments made pursuant to written agreements outstanding on the date of this Agreement, the terms of which are in all material respects completely and correctly disclosed on Schedule 4.1(h) or as required by applicable federal, state or local law or regulations; (i) acquire, sell, lease, license, transfer, distribute or otherwise dispose of any material assets in any single transaction or series of related transactions, other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practices; (j) except as may be required as a result of a change in law or in GAAP, materially change any of the accounting principles, practices or methods used by it; (k) acquire (by merger, consolidation or acquisition of stock or assets) any corporation, partnership or other entity or division thereof or any equity interest therein; (l) make any material tax election or settle or compromise any material income tax liability or permit any material insurance policy naming it as a beneficiary or loss-payable to expire, or to be canceled or terminated, unless a comparable insurance policy reasonably acceptable to AREP Oil & Gas is obtained and in effect; (m) fail to file any tax returns when due (or, alternatively, fail to file for available extensions) or fail to cause such tax returns when filed to be complete and accurate in all material respects; (n) fail to pay any taxes or other material debts when due; (o) settle or compromise any pending or threatened suit, action or claim that (i) relates to the transactions contemplated hereby or (ii) the settlement or compromise of which would be material to the Company; (p) take any action or fail to take any action that could reasonably be expected to limit the utilization of any of the net operating losses, built-in losses, tax credits or other similar items of the Company or its subsidiaries under Section 382, 383, 384 or 1502 of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder; or (q) take or agree in writing or otherwise to take any of the actions described in Sections 4.1(a) through 4.1(p) (and it shall use all reasonable efforts not to take any action that would make any of the representations or warranties of the Company contained in this Agreement (including the exhibits hereto) untrue or incorrect).