Early Phase-out of HFCs Sample Clauses

Early Phase-out of HFCs. Since there is no current federal constraint on the continued manufacture of products containing HFCs, it would be expected that any decision to introduce a phase-down or phase-out in HFC use, even at State level, would need substantial consultation. It has therefore been assumed that any such measure could only commence in 2014 and would not be fully achieved before 2017. This is therefore the basis on which these scenarios have been assessed. The four sectors identified for analysis were: ▪ All appliances (domestic refrigerators, freezers and water heaters) ▪ Vending machines and commercial refrigeration equipment ▪ Extruded polystyrene foam (XPS) ▪ PU Spray Foam The following sections describe the various impacts of these mitigation scenarios by product type.
View SourceView Similar (3)
Early Phase-out of HFCs. The three main areas of HFC use identified in this study are those associated with the manufacture of PU foams in appliances, PU Spray Foam and extruded polystyrene (XPS). Again, taking a global perspective to the challenge of early HFC phase-out, it is self- evident that a large proportion of the world’s appliances are already being manufactured with hydrocarbons, both in their cooling circuits (where present) and their foams. Although the US appliance industry has reached a level of 25% hydrocarbon use (AHAM, 2010), it has staunchly defended its need for HFCs and, in particular, HFC-245fa on the basis of ever-tightening energy regulations and also on the basis of the particularity of US domestic refrigerator design. There is some evidence that manufacturers are awaiting the commercial introduction of unsaturated HFCs (also referred to as hydro fluoro-olefins or HFOs) which are showing particular promised in respect of thermal performance. The PU Spray Foam industry globally is in a much more difficult situation, with current hydrocarbons ruled out on safety grounds due to their flammability or combustibility. Efforts are being deployed to evaluate alternatives such as super-critical CO2 and methyl formate, to name but two. However, there is no obvious alternative at this stage. For the XPS sector, world production is split between the use of liquid CO2 (albeit with high capital cost and some product limitations), hydrocarbon (particularly in the Far East where flammability seems to be a less significant issue) and HFCs – particularly for the smaller producers. The role of HFCs in the field is universally recognized and there are no immediate alternatives. Some European manufacturers are experimenting with lower-GWP blends containing di-methyl ether, but these are not yet in commercial use. The North American XPS industry was able to mount a powerful argument in the early part of the decade, to make the case that the use of XPS for sheathing was unique and that the product requirements were totally different than for other parts of the globe. This led to the extension of the period for use of HCFC-142b/22 blends until 1st January 2010. Therefore, transition to HFC-134a and related blowing agents has been relatively recent. In all three sectors, it is clear that there are still gaps in the available alternatives. Much hope is therefore placed on a new generation of unsaturated HFCs. These typically have GWPs below 10. If the cost structure can be pitched c...
View Source

Related to Early Phase-out of HFCs

  • System Upgrade Facilities and System Deliverability Upgrades Connecting Transmission Owner shall design, procure, construct, install, and own the System Upgrade Facilities and System Deliverability Upgrades described in Appendix A hereto. The responsibility of the Developer for costs related to System Upgrade Facilities and System Deliverability Upgrades shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of Attachment S to the ISO OATT.

  • Maintenance by Tenant Subject to the provisions of Paragraph 13.2, 21 and 22 below, throughout the Term, Tenant shall, at its sole expense, (1) keep and maintain in good order and condition the Building and the Premises and repair the Building and the Premises and every part thereof, including interior and exterior glass, windows, window frames and casements, interior and exterior doors and door frames and door closers; interior and exterior lighting (including, without limitation, light bulbs and ballasts), the roof covering; the Systems serving the Premises and the Building; interior and exterior signage, interior demising walls and partitions, equipment, interior painting and interior walls and floors, and the roll-up doors, ramps and dock equipment, including, without limitation, dock bumpers, dock plates, dock seals, dock levelers and dock lights located in or on the Premises (excepting only those portions of the Building or the Project to be maintained by Landlord, as provided in Paragraph 13.2 below), (2) furnish all expendables, including light bulbs, paper goods and soaps, used in the Premises, and (3) keep and maintain in good order and condition and repair and replace all of Tenant's security systems in or about or serving the Premises. Tenant shall not do nor shall Tenant allow Tenant's Agents to do anything to cause any damage, deterioration or unsightliness to the Premises, the Building or the Project. Tenant shall perform its obligations under this Paragraph 13.1 in accordance with maintenance and repair standards adopted by Landlord from time to time for the Project. Tenant shall cause to be furnished to Landlord on not less than a quarterly basis maintenance reports on all Systems and the roof of the Building prepared by a qualified vendor or consultant, and Tenant shall promptly perform any maintenance tasks recommended by such reports or otherwise required by Landlord to cause the Premises and the Systems to comply with Landlord's maintenance and repair standards.

  • Preliminary Design Phase 30 percent plans) A. Proceed with Preliminary Design Phase after the completion of the Conceptual phase which includes: Acceptance by Owner of the Conceptual Report and any other Study and Report Phase deliverables; selection by Owner of a recommended solution; issuance by Owner of any instructions for use of Project Strategies, Technologies, and Techniques, or for inclusion of sustainable features in the design, and Indication by Owner of any specific modifications or changes in the scope, extent, character, or design requirements of the Project desired by Owner. 1. Prepare Preliminary Design Phase documents consisting of final design criteria, preliminary drawings, outline specifications, and written descriptions of the Project. 2. Include on plans, property lines, structure locations, ownership names and contact information. 3. In preparing the Preliminary Design Phase documents, use any specific applicable Project Strategies, Technologies, and Techniques authorized by Owner during or following the Study and Conceptual Phase, and include sustainable features, as appropriate, pursuant to Owner’s instructions. 4. Provide necessary field surveys, topographic and utility mapping for Engineer’s design purposes. Comply with the scope of work and procedure for the identification and mapping of existing utilities as defined by Section A1.03 “Utility Requirements” and Section A1.04 “Survey Services” 5. Visit the Site as needed to prepare the Preliminary Design Phase documents. 6. Advise Owner if additional reports, data, information, or services of the types described are necessary and assist Owner in obtaining such reports, data, information, or services. 7. Continue to assist Owner with Project Strategies, Technologies, and Techniques that Owner has chosen to implement. 8. Based on the information contained in the Preliminary Design Phase documents, prepare a revised opinion of probable Construction Cost, and assist Owner in tabulating the various cost categories which comprise Total Project Costs. 9. Obtain and review Owner’s instructions regarding Owner’s procurement of construction services (including instructions regarding advertisements for bids, instructions to bidders, and requests for proposals, as applicable), Owner’s construction contract practices and requirements, insurance and bonding requirements, electronic transmittals during construction, and other information necessary for the finalization of Owner’s bidding-related documents (or requests for proposals or other construction procurement documents), and Construction Contract Documents. Also obtain and review copies of Owner’s design and construction standards, Owner’s standard forms, general conditions, supplementary conditions, text, and related documents or content for Engineer to include in the draft bidding-related documents (or requests for proposals or other construction procurement documents), and in the draft Construction Contract Documents, when applicable. 10. Development communication plan for project: considering the use of door hangers, letters, public meetings, changeable message boards. 11. Furnish 6 review copies of the Preliminary Design Phase documents, opinion of probable Construction Cost, and any other Preliminary Design Phase deliverables to Owner by established due date, and review them with Owner. Owner shall submit to Engineer any comments regarding the furnished items. 12. Revise the Preliminary Design Phase documents, opinion of probable Construction Cost, and any other Preliminary Design Phase deliverables in response to Owner’s comments, as appropriate, and furnish to Owner 6 copies of the revised Preliminary Design Phase documents, revised opinion of probable Construction Cost, and any other deliverables by the specified due date. 13. Engineer’s services under the Preliminary Design Phase will be considered complete on the date when Engineer has delivered to Owner the revised Preliminary Design Phase documents, revised opinion of probable Construction Cost, and any other Preliminary Design Phase deliverables.

  • Early Access (i) Subject to receipt of Master Landlord’s Consent, Subtenant shall have early access to the portion of the Subleased Premises consisting of approximately 9,789 rentable square feet as shown on Exhibit D hereto and identified therein as “Initial ConforMIS Space” (the “Early Access Area”) for the period commencing on June 15, 2012, or such earlier date as Sublandlord may determine in its sole discretion (the “Early Access Date”) until the Sublease Commencement Date (the “Early Access Period”), for the purposes of installing its telecommunications equipment, validating business equipment and operating any such validated equipment in support of Subtenant’s standard business operations (the “Early Access Work”). All Early Access Work shall be performed in accordance with the terms of the Master Lease, including but not limited to Section 6 thereof. In the event of a conflict between the terms and conditions of the Master Lease and the terms and conditions of this Section 2(d), the Master Lease shall control. (ii) Subtenant’s early access rights granted herein shall be subject to all the terms and conditions of this Sublease, including without limitation all insurance and maintenance obligations, except that no Base Rent or Additional Rent under Section 4(d) herein will be charged to Subtenant during the Early Access Period. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Subtenant will be responsible for paying the Estimated Electricity Usage Charge during the Early Access Period based only on the 1st floor portion of the Early Access Area, as provided for in Section 5(a) below. (iii) Prior to the Early Access Date, Sublandlord will, at its sole cost and expense, construct such demising partitions as may be necessary in Sublandlord’s sole discretion to separate the Early Access Area from the remainder of the Subleased Premises. Sublandlord shall remove such demising partitions at Sublandlord’s expense at the end of the Early Access Period and repair any damage caused by the removal of the partitions and restore to its previous condition. (iv) Subtenant agrees that (i) it will use commercially reasonable efforts to not interfere with Sublandlord’s use of or access to the remainder of the Subleased Premises during the Early Access Period, (ii) Subtenant and its contractors shall conduct the Early Access Work in a manner that shall minimize disruption and inconvenience to other tenants and occupants of the Building, and (iii) Sublandlord’s representative shall have the right to inspect any work performed by Subtenant or its contractor during the normal hours of operation of the Building or such other hours as Sublandlord may reasonably request. (v) Sublandlord makes no representation or warranty that the Early Access Area will be adequate to satisfy Subtenant’s needs with respect to the Early Access Work. Subtenant has previously inspected the Early Access Area and has satisfied itself as to the adequacy of such space. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Sublandlord agrees to cooperate with Subtenant and allow Subtenant reasonable access to other portions of the Subleased Premises to the extent reasonably necessary to perform the Early Access Work, which access (i) shall be requested (in writing, if commercially practicable, otherwise orally) at least twenty-four (24) hours in advance and (ii) may require, at Sublandord’s sole discretion, continuous escort by authorized personnel of Sublandlord. (vi) Subtenant agrees to comply with the following terms and conditions during the performance of the Early Access Work: (A) Subtenant shall keep all public and common areas of the Building where such work is being performed neat and clean at all times and Subtenant shall remove or cause all debris to be removed from the Building at the end of each work day. (B) Subtenant shall promptly repair, at its sole cost and expense, any damage done to the Building or to the premises of any other tenant in the Building and to any existing heating, ventilating and air conditioning system (“HVAC”), electrical, plumbing, fire alarm, sprinkler and lighting systems serving the Building or other common areas appurtenant to the Building that are caused by or arise out of any work performed by Subtenant or its contractor pursuant to this Section. (C) Any contractor performing such Early Access Work shall be subject to the prior written approval of Sublandlord, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, and Master Landlord if required pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Master Lease. (D) In performing such work, Subtenant and its contractor shall observe Master Landlord’s and Sublandlord’s commercially reasonable rules and regulations regarding the construction, installation, and removal of tenant improvements in the Building, which rules and regulations, together with any modifications thereto, shall be provided to Subtenant, in writing, prior to enforcement. (E) Subtenant shall be solely responsible at its sole cost and expense to correct and to repair any work or materials installed by Subtenant or Subtenant’s contractor, and Sublandlord shall have no liability to Subtenant whatsoever on account of any work performed or material provided by Subtenant or its contractor. (F) All work done and materials furnished by Subtenant and/or its contractor shall be of such quality, shall be performed in such manner and in accordance and compliance with such Laws (as hereinafter defined) as required for work done and materials furnished by Sublandlord and/or its contractor pursuant to the Master Lease.

  • Design Phase All Basic Services set forth in the Agreement with the exception of Interdisciplinary Document Coordination Review, conducting a Card Trick session, Value-Engineering services, Estimating services. • All Basic Services set forth in the Agreement. • All Basic Services set forth in the Agreement. • All Basic Services set forth in the Agreement.