Impact of increased resolution Sample Clauses

Impact of increased resolution. To assess the impact of increased resolution on the diurnal cycle characteristics (phase and amplitude) two model simulations using EC-Earth with different resolutions but otherwise with identical setup are used (see Table 1). This includes an EC-Earth simulation at TL255 (~ 80km grid-spacing at the equator), EC-Earth-LR, and at TL511 (~ 40km grid-spacing at the equator), EC-Earth-HR, which both cover the time period from 2000 until 2014. Figure 3.1.1 shows the phase of the diurnal cycle for TRMM observations, EC-Earth LR and EC-Earth HR. In observations a strong land-sea contrast is found, with the maximum of the diurnal cycle over land occurring during the late afternoon and evening hours, whereas over oceans the diurnal cycle peaks in the early morning hours. EC-Earth is able to reproduce this general pattern as outlined first by ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al. (2014), however, there are some differences to observations. For both EC-Earth simulations the diurnal cycle peaks too early, which is especially pronounced over the Amazon. This is further confirmed by Figure 3.1.2, which illustrated the distribution of the maximum of the diurnal cycle over all ocean and land grid cells within the tropical band (20S-20N). For most land points the peak of the diurnal cycle occurs between 18 and 00 LT, whereas for EC-Earth-LR it is found around 18 hours LT. The results are similar for ocean grid cells, for which the peak is observed between 3 and 8 hours LT whereas the peak is much more pronounced and centred around 3 hours LT for EC-Earth. The diurnal cycle characteristics are similar for EC-Earth HR, however, here the peak of the diurnal cycle over land and ocean points in the tropics is even earlier than in EC-Earth LR.
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