Common use of Research approach Clause in Contracts

Research approach. The Media Equation states that people treat computers, and related media, as if they were people [3]. Based upon this work of ▇▇▇▇ and colleagues, our approach is to first identify what people do, implement similar behaviors on a robot, and evaluate whether human norms hold for human-robot interaction. We do not expect that human normative behavior will unequivocally carry over to normative robot behavior, however, we will use it as a starting point. Based upon a literature review and a contextual analysis (systematic observa- tion of what really happens), we will design and implement normative behaviors for a robot. These behaviors will first be tested in lab studies, followed by exper- iments at the site of the industrial partner; the airport in order to get an idea of the experiences of the passengers. To get insight in the experiences of passengers at the airport, we can employ several methods for user studies. Examples include self-reported questionnaires, coding of video data and analysis of one’s galvanic skin response. For our experiments, we will primarily collect video data, as well as subjective questionnaires or -interviews. Objective video data makes it easy to capture certain behavioral responses from multiple people in a short time. However, legal and organizational issues (such as privacy and security) could hinder this method when used outside the lab. Interviews and questionnaires should be able to capture the required data in only a few questions, given that passengers will be likely be in a hurry. These languages should be unambiguous for passengers with different cultures; this raises the question if the language should be native, or universal (read: English). Different languages would require multiple iterations of translation and back translation to ensure the questions truly ask the same. In light of the issues described above we may have to rethink our data col- lection methods. This also holds for the data the robot collects for its own per- ception. Prior to evaluation in a real-world setting, behavior will be evaluated in a more controlled setting. This could be in a lab setting as for example in [1, 4], but also by other ways, for instance by using videos of a robot interacting with people [5].

Research approach. The Media Equation states that people treat computers, and related media, as if they were people [3]. Based upon this work of ▇▇▇▇ Nass and colleagues, our approach is to first identify what people do, implement similar behaviors on a robot, and evaluate whether human norms hold for human-robot interaction. We do not expect that human normative behavior will unequivocally carry over to normative robot behavior, however, we will use it as a starting point. Based upon a literature review and a contextual analysis (systematic observa- tion of what really happens), we will design and implement normative behaviors for a robot. These behaviors will first be tested in lab studies, followed by exper- iments at the site of the industrial partner; the airport in order to get an idea of the experiences of the passengers. To get insight in the experiences of passengers at the airport, we can employ several methods for user studies. Examples include self-reported questionnaires, coding of video data and analysis of one’s galvanic skin response. For our experiments, we will primarily collect video data, as well as subjective questionnaires or -interviews. Objective video data makes it easy to capture certain behavioral responses from multiple people in a short time. However, legal and organizational issues (such as privacy and security) could hinder this method when used outside the lab. Interviews and questionnaires should be able to capture the required data in only a few questions, given that passengers will be likely be in a hurry. These languages should be unambiguous for passengers with different cultures; this raises the question if the language should be native, or universal (read: English). Different languages would require multiple iterations of translation and back translation to ensure the questions truly ask the same. In light of the issues described above we may have to rethink our data col- lection methods. This also holds for the data the robot collects for its own per- ception. Prior to evaluation in a real-world setting, behavior will be evaluated in a more controlled setting. This could be in a lab setting as for example in [1, 4], but also by other ways, for instance by using videos of a robot interacting with people [5].