7.25% SENIOR SECURED FIRST LIEN NOTES DUE 2023

Exhibit 4.1

Execution Version

7.25% SENIOR SECURED FIRST LIEN NOTES DUE 2023

INDENTURE

Dated as of February 14, 2018

among

▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ENERGY CORPORATION,

THE GUARANTORS PARTY HERETO,

and

DELAWARE TRUST COMPANY,

As Trustee

and

ROYAL BANK OF CANADA,

As Collateral Trustee

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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This INDENTURE, dated as of February 14, 2018 is among ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ENERGY CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), the Guarantors party hereto from time to time, DELAWARE TRUST COMPANY, a Delaware state chartered trust company, as trustee (the “Trustee”), and Royal Bank of Canada as collateral trustee (the “Collateral Trustee”).

The Company, the Trustee and the Collateral Trustee agree as follows for the benefit of each other and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Company’s Initial Notes and Additional Notes:

ARTICLE ONE
DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

Section 1.01                             Definitions.

“2013 Credit Agreement” means the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of May 31, 2013 among the Company, the Company’s Subsidiaries party thereto, as co-borrowers, Capital One, National Association, as resigning administrative agent and issuing bank, Royal Bank of Canada, as successor administrative agent and issuing bank, Capital One, National Association, as syndication agent, and Compass Bank and SunTrust Bank, as co-documentation agents, and the lenders party thereto.

“2014 Credit Agreement” means the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of June 30, 2014 among the Company, as borrower, the Company’s Subsidiaries party thereto, as guarantors, Royal Bank of Canada, as administrative agent and issuing bank, Capital One, National Association, as syndication agent, and Compass Bank and SunTrust Bank, as co-documentation agents, and the lenders party thereto.

“2021 Notes” means the Company’s 7.75% Senior Notes due 2021 outstanding on the date of the Offering Memorandum or issued in an exchange offer therefor pursuant to a registration rights agreement.

“2023 Notes” means the Company’s 6.125% Senior Notes due 2023 outstanding on the date of the Offering Memorandum or issued in an exchange offer therefor pursuant to a registration rights agreement.

“Act of First Out Debtholders” means, as to any matter at any time a Priority Lien Debt Default has occurred and is continuing, a direction in writing delivered to the Collateral Trustee by or with the written consent of the holders of First Out Debt representing the Required First Out Debtholders.

“Additional Assets” means:

(1)                                 any assets acquired by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary which are used or useful in the Oil and Gas Business, other than Indebtedness or Capital Stock;

(2)                                 the Capital Stock of a Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of the acquisition of such Capital Stock by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; or

(3)                                 Capital Stock constituting a Minority Interest in any Person that at such time is a Restricted Subsidiary;

provided, however, that any such Restricted Subsidiary described in clause (2) or (3) is primarily engaged in the Oil and Gas Business.

“Additional Notes” means, subject to the Company’s compliance with Section 4.09, 7.25% Senior Secured First Lien Notes due 2023 issued from time to time after the Initial Issuance Date under the terms of this Indenture (other than pursuant to Section 2.06, 2.07, 2.09, 3.06, Section 3.09, 4.10, 4.15 or 9.05 of this Indenture or Section 2.3 or 2.4 of the Appendix).

“Additional Secured Debt Designation” means an Officers’ Certificate delivered in connection with the incurrence of additional Priority Lien Debt in order to designate additional secured debt as Priority Lien Debt and as either First Out Debt or First Lien Debt, as applicable, entitled to the benefit of the Collateral Trust Agreement.

“Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets” of the Company means (without duplication), as of the date of determination:

(1)                                 the sum of:

(a)                                 discounted future net revenue from Proved Reserves of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines before any state or federal or other income taxes, as estimated by the Company in a Reserve Report prepared as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal year of the Company for which audited financial statements are available, or, at the Company’s option, the Company’s most recently completed fiscal quarter for which internal financial statements are available, in each case, which Reserve Report is prepared or audited by independent petroleum engineers as to Proved Reserves accounting for at least 80% of all such discounted future net revenues and by the Company’s petroleum engineers with respect to any other Proved Reserves covered by such report, and giving effect to applicable Oil and Natural Gas Hedging Contracts in place as of the date of determination (whether positive or negative), as increased by, as of the date of determination, the estimated discounted future net revenue from:

(i)                                     estimated Proved Reserves of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries attributable to acquisitions consummated since the date of such reserve report, which reserves were not reflected in such year-end or quarterly reserve report, and

(ii)                                  estimated crude oil and natural gas reserves of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries attributable to extensions, discoveries and other additions and upward revisions of estimates of Proved Reserves (including previously estimated development costs incurred during the period and the accretion of discount since the prior period end) since the date of such year-end or quarterly reserve report due to exploration, development or exploitation, production or other activities which would, in accordance with standard industry practice, cause such revisions (including the impact to Proved Reserves and future

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net revenue from estimated development costs incurred and the accretion discount), and in the case of clauses (i) and (ii) calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines,

and decreased by, as of the date of determination, the estimated discounted future net revenue attributable to:

(A)                               estimated Proved Reserves of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in such year-end or quarterly reserve report produced or disposed of since the date of such reserve report, and

(B)                               reductions in the estimated crude oil and natural gas reserves of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in such reserve report attributable to downward revisions of estimates of Proved Reserves since the date of such year-end or quarterly reserve report due to changes in geological conditions or other factors which would, in accordance with standard industry practice, cause such revisions, and in the case of clauses (A) and (B) calculated on a pre-tax basis in accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the prices utilized in the Company’s year-end or quarterly reserve report, as applicable) and estimated by the Company’s petroleum engineers or, at the Company’s election, any independent petroleum engineers engaged by the Company for that purpose;

(b)                                 the capitalized costs that are attributable to crude oil and natural gas properties of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries to which no Proved Reserves are attributable, based on the Company’s books and records as of a date no earlier than the date of the Company’s latest available annual or quarterly financial statements;

(c)                                  the Net Working Capital of the Company as of a date no earlier than the date of the Company’s latest available annual or quarterly financial statements; and

(d)                                 the greater of:

(i)                                     the net book value, and

(ii)                                  the appraised value, as estimated by independent appraisers, of other tangible assets (including Investments in unconsolidated Restricted  Subsidiaries, Unrestricted Subsidiaries and Joint Ventures) of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries as of a date no earlier than the date of the Company’s latest available annual or quarterly financial statements (provided that the Company shall not be required to obtain such an appraisal of such assets if no such appraisal has been performed);

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minus

(2)                                 the sum of:

(a)                                 Minority Interests;

(b)                                 any net natural gas balancing liabilities of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries as of the last day of the Company’s latest available annual or quarterly financial statements, to the extent not included in calculating the Net Working Capital of the Company in accordance with clause 1(c) above;

(c)                                  to the extent included in clause (1)(a) above, the discounted future net revenue, calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the prices utilized in the Company’s year-end or quarterly reserve report, as applicable), attributable to reserves subject to participation interests, overriding royalty interests or other interests of third parties, pursuant to participation, partnership, vendor financing or other agreements then in effect, or which otherwise are required to be delivered to third parties;

(d)                                 to the extent included in clause (1)(a) above, the discounted future net revenue calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the prices utilized in the Company’s year-end or quarterly reserve report, as applicable), attributable to reserves that are required to be delivered to third parties to fully satisfy the obligations of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to Volumetric Production Payments on the schedules specified with respect thereto; and

(e)                                  the discounted future net revenue, calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines, attributable to reserves subject to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments that, based on the estimates of production and price assumptions included in determining the discounted future net revenue specified in clause (1)(a) above, would be necessary to satisfy fully the obligations of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments on the schedules specified with respect thereto.

If the Company changes its method of accounting from the full cost method to the successful efforts method or a similar method of accounting, “Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets” of the Company will continue to be calculated as if the Company were still using the full cost method of accounting.

“Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person.  For purposes of this definition, “control,” as used with respect to any Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise.  For purposes of this definition, the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with” have correlative meanings.

“Agent” means any Registrar or Paying Agent.

“Agent Members” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.

“Applicable Law” except as the context may otherwise require, means all applicable laws, rules, regulations, ordinances, judgments, decrees, injunctions, writs and orders of any court or

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governmental or congressional agency or authority and rules, regulations, orders, licenses and permits of any United States federal, state, municipal, regional, or other governmental body, instrumentality, agency or authority.

“Applicable Procedures” of a Depository means, with respect to any matter at any time, the policies and procedures of such Depository, if any, that are applicable to such matter at such time.

“as determined in good faith by the Company” means a determination made in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company or any Company Officer involved in or otherwise familiar with the transaction for which such determination is being made.

“Asset Sale” means:

(1)                                 the sale, lease (other than operating leases entered into in the ordinary course of business), conveyance or other disposition of any properties or assets (including by way of a Production Payment or a sale and leaseback transaction or mergers, consolidations or otherwise); and

(2)                                 the issuance of Equity Interests in any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries or the sale by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of Equity Interests in any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries (in either case other than Preferred Stock of any Restricted Subsidiary issued in compliance with Section 4.09 and directors’ qualifying shares or shares required by Applicable Law to be held by a Person other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary);

provided that, in the case of (1) or (2), the sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries (including by way of a merger or consolidation) will be governed by Section 4.15 and/or Section 5.01 and not by the provisions of Section 4.10.

Notwithstanding the preceding, the following items will not be deemed to be Asset Sales:

(1)                                 any single transaction or series of related transactions that involves properties, assets or Equity Interests having a Fair Market Value of less than $15.0 million;

(2)                                 a transfer or other disposition of assets between or among any of the Company and any Guarantor;

(3)                                 an issuance or sale or other disposition of Equity Interests by a Restricted Subsidiary to the Company or to another Restricted Subsidiary;

(4)                                 the sale, lease or other disposition of equipment, inventory, products, services, accounts receivable or other properties or assets in the ordinary course of business and any sale or other disposition of surplus, damaged, worn-out or obsolete assets (including the abandonment or other disposition of licenses and sublicenses of software, intellectual property or other general intangibles that are, as determined in good faith by the Company, no longer economically

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practicable to maintain or useful in the conduct of the business of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as whole);

(5)                                 the sale or other disposition of (a) Hedging Contracts or other financial instruments in the ordinary course of business or (b) cash or Cash Equivalents;

(6)                                 a disposition of properties or assets that constitutes (or results in by virtue of the consideration received for such disposition) either a Restricted Payment that does not violate Section 4.07 or a Permitted Investment or a Permitted Payment;

(7)                                 the abandonment, assignment, farm out, lease or sublease of developed or undeveloped Oil and Gas Properties, or the forfeiture or other disposition of such properties owned or held by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in a manner that is customary in the Oil and Gas Business or in exchange for Oil and Gas Properties owned or held by another Person;

(8)                                 an Asset Swap;

(9)                                 the creation or perfection of a Lien (but not, except to the extent contemplated in clause (10) below, the sale or other disposition of the properties or assets subject to such Lien);

(10)                          the creation or perfection of a Permitted Lien and dispositions in connection with Permitted Liens and the exercise by any Person in whose favor a Permitted Lien is granted of any of its rights in respect of that Permitted Lien;

(11)                          a surrender or waiver of contract rights or the settlement, release or surrender of contract, tort or other claims of any kind;

(12)                          the grant in the ordinary course of business of any non-exclusive license or sublicense of patents, trademarks, registrations therefor and other similar intellectual property, including without limitation licenses of seismic data;

(13)                          a disposition of Hydrocarbons or mineral products inventory in the ordinary course of business;

(14)                          the sale, transfer or other disposition (whether or not in the ordinary course of business) of crude oil and natural gas properties or direct or indirect interests in real property; provided that at the time of such sale, transfer or other disposition such properties do not have associated with them any Proved Reserves;

(15)                          any Production Payments and Reserve Sales; provided that any such Production Payments and Reserve Sales, other than incentive compensation programs on terms that are customary in the Oil and Gas Business for geologist, geophysicists and other providers of technical services to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary, shall have been created, incurred, issued, assumed or guaranteed in connection with the financing of, and within 60 days after the acquisition of, the property that is subject thereto;

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(16)                          the disposition of assets or Equity Interests received in settlement of debts owing to a Person as a result of foreclosure, perfection or enforcement of any Lien or debt, which debts were owing to such Person; and

(17)                          any sale or other disposition of Equity Interests in, or Indebtedness or other securities of, an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

“Asset Swap” means any substantially contemporaneous (and in any event occurring within 180 days of each other) purchase and sale or exchange of any assets or properties used or useful in the Oil and Gas Business between the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and another Person; provided, that the Fair Market Value of the properties or assets traded or exchanged by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary (together with any cash or Cash Equivalents) is reasonably equivalent, as determined in good faith by the Company, to the Fair Market Value of the properties or assets (together with any cash or Cash Equivalents) to be received by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, and provided further, that any net cash or Cash Equivalents received must be applied in accordance with Section 4.10 hereof as if the Asset Swap were an Asset Sale.

“Attributable Debt” in respect of a sale and leaseback transaction means, at the time of determination, the present value of the obligation of the lessee for net rental payments during the remaining term of the lease included in such sale and leaseback transaction including any period for which such lease has been extended or may, at the option of the lessor, be extended.  Such present value shall be calculated using a discount rate equal to the rate of interest implicit in such transaction, determined in accordance with GAAP; provided, however, that if such sale and leaseback transaction results in a Capital Lease Obligation, the amount of Indebtedness represented thereby will be determined in accordance with the definition of “Capital Lease Obligation.” As used in the preceding sentence, the “net rental payments” under any lease for any period shall mean the sum of rental and other payments required to be paid with respect to such period by the lessee thereunder, excluding any amounts required to be paid by such lessee on account of maintenance and repairs, insurance, taxes, assessments, water rates or similar charges.  In the case of any lease that is terminable by the lessee upon payment of penalty, such net rental payment shall also include the amount of such penalty, but no rent shall be considered as required to be paid under such lease subsequent to the first date upon which it may be so terminated.

“Availability” means, with respect to any First Out Credit Facility, the amount (which shall not be less than zero) equal to (a) the Borrowing Base then available to the Company for borrowings (or, if there is no Borrowing Base, the aggregate commitments for advances of credit of the lenders available to the Company thereunder) less (b) the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness (with letters of credit being deemed to have a principal amount equal to the maximum potential liability of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries thereunder) then outstanding under such First Out Credit Facility.

“Bankruptcy Code” means Title 11 of the United States Code entitled “Bankruptcy,” as now and hereinafter in effect, or any successor statute.

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“Bankruptcy Law” means the Bankruptcy Code, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.

“Beneficial Owner” has the meaning assigned to such term in Rule 13d-3 and Rule 13d-5 under the Exchange Act, except that in calculating the beneficial ownership of any particular “person” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), such “person” will be deemed to have beneficial ownership of all securities that such “person” has the right to acquire within one year by conversion or exercise of other securities, whether such right is currently exercisable or is exercisable only after the passage of time. The terms “Beneficially Owns” and “Beneficially Owned” have correlative meanings. For purposes of this definition, a Person shall be deemed not to Beneficially Own securities that are the subject of a stock purchase agreement, merger agreement or similar agreement until consummation of the transaction or, as applicable, series of related transactions contemplated thereby.

“Board of Directors” means:

(1)                                 with respect to a corporation, the board of directors of the corporation or any committee thereof duly authorized to act on behalf of such board;

(2)                                 with respect to a limited partnership, the Board of Directors of the general partner of the partnership;

(3)                                 with respect to a limited liability company, the manager or managers, the managing member or members or any controlling committee of managers or managing members thereof; and

(4)                                 with respect to any other Person, the board or committee of such Person serving a similar function.

“Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the applicable Person to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors of such Person and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee.

“Borrowing Base” means the maximum amount in United States dollars determined or redetermined by the lenders under a First Out Credit Facility as the aggregate lending value to be ascribed to the Oil and Gas Properties of the Company and the Guarantors against which such lenders are prepared to provide loans or other Indebtedness to the Company under such First Out Credit Facility, as determined on such occasions as may be required by such First Out Credit Facility, and which is based upon, inter alia, the review by such lenders of the Hydrocarbon reserves, royalty interests and other assets and liabilities of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries, and without taking into account any lower commitment amount elected by the Company.

“Business Day” means each day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banking institutions in Houston, Texas or in New York, New York or another place of payment are authorized or required by law to close.

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“Calculation Date” has the meaning ascribed to such term in the definition of “Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio”.

“Capital Lease Obligation” means, at the time any determination is to be made, the amount of the liability in respect of a capital lease that would at that time be required to be capitalized on a balance sheet prepared in accordance with GAAP, with the amount of Indebtedness represented by such obligation being the capitalized amount of such obligation determined in accordance with GAAP, and the Stated Maturity thereof being the date of the last payment of rent or any other amount due under such lease prior to the first date upon which such lease may be prepaid by the lessee without payment of a penalty. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any lease (whether entered into before or after the Date of this Indenture) that would have been classified as an operating lease pursuant to GAAP as in effect on the Date of this Indenture will be deemed not to represent a Capital Lease Obligation. For purposes of Section 4.12, a Capital Lease Obligation will be deemed to be secured by a Lien on the property being leased.

“Capital Stock” means:

(1)                                 in the case of a corporation, corporate stock;

(2)                                 in the case of an association or business entity, any and all shares, interests, participations, rights or other equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock;

(3)                                 in the case of a partnership or limited liability company, partnership interests (whether general or limited) or membership interests; and

(4)                                 any other interest or participation that confers on a Person the right to receive a share of the profits and losses of, or distributions of assets of, the issuing Person,

but excluding from all of the foregoing any debt securities exercisable for, exchangeable for or convertible into Capital Stock, regardless of whether such debt securities include any right of participation with Capital Stock.

“Cash Equivalents” means:

(1)                                 United States dollars;

(2)                                 securities issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the United States government or any agency or instrumentality of the United States government (provided that the full faith and credit of the United States is pledged in support of those securities) having maturities of not more than one year from the date of acquisition;

(3)                                 marketable general obligations issued by any state of the United States of America or any political subdivision of any such state or any public instrumentality thereof maturing within one year from the date of acquisition thereof and, at the time of acquisition thereof, having a credit rating of “A” or better from either S&P or ▇▇▇▇▇’▇;

(4)                                 certificates of deposit, demand deposits and eurodollar time deposits with maturities of one year or less from the date of acquisition, bankers’ acceptances with maturities

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not exceeding one year and overnight bank deposits, in each case, with any domestic commercial bank having capital and surplus in excess of $500.0 million or that is a lender under the Credit Agreement;

(5)                                 repurchase obligations with a term of not more than seven days for underlying securities of the types described in clauses (2), (3) and (4) above entered into with any financial institution meeting the qualifications specified in clause (4) above;

(6)                                 commercial paper having one of the two highest ratings obtainable from ▇▇▇▇▇’▇ or S&P and, in each case, maturing within one year after the date of acquisition;

(7)                                 money market funds at least 95% of the assets of which constitute Cash Equivalents of the kinds described in clauses (1) through (6) of this definition;

(8)                                 with respect to any Foreign Subsidiary of the Company, investments denominated in local currency that are similar to the items specified in clauses (1) through (7) above; and

(9)                                 marketable short-term money market and similar securities having a rating of at least P-2 or A-2 from either ▇▇▇▇▇’▇ or S&P, respectively, and in each case maturing within 24 months after the date of the creation thereof.

“Cash Management Arrangement” means any agreement giving rise to Cash Management Obligations.

“Cash Management Obligations” means, with respect to any Person, any obligations of such Person in respect of treasury management arrangements (including controlled disbursement, overdraft, automated clearing house fund transfer services, return items and interstate depository network services), commercial credit cards, merchant card services, purchase or debit cards, including non-card e-payables services, and any other demand deposit or operating account relationships or other cash management services, including any treasury management line of credit.

“Change of Control” means the occurrence of any of the following:

(1)                                 the direct or indirect sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition (other than by way of merger or consolidation), in one or a series of related transactions, of all or substantially all of the properties or assets (including Equity Interests of the Restricted Subsidiaries) of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole, to any “person” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act);

(2)                                 the adoption by the stockholders of the Company of a plan relating to the liquidation or dissolution of the Company; or

(3)                                 the consummation of any transaction (including, without limitation, any merger or consolidation) the result of which is that any “person” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the Voting Stock of the Company, measured by voting power rather than number of shares, units or the like; provided that, solely to the extent that a Change of Control would result under this

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clause (3) from the sale of any assets or properties used or useful in the Oil and Gas Business by any Permitted Holder to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary for Equity Interests, a Change of Control shall be deemed not to have occurred.

Notwithstanding the preceding, a conversion of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries from a limited partnership, corporation, limited liability company or other form of entity to a limited liability company, corporation, limited partnership or other form of entity, an exchange of all of the outstanding Equity Interests in one form of entity for Equity Interests in another form of entity or the transfer or redomestication of the Company to or in another jurisdiction shall not, in any case, constitute a Change of Control, so long as following such conversion, exchange, transfer or redomestication, the “persons” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) who Beneficially Owned the Capital Stock of the Company immediately prior to such transactions continue to Beneficially Own in the aggregate more than 50% of the Voting Stock of such entity, or Beneficially Own sufficient Equity Interests in such entity or its general partner, as applicable, to elect a majority of its directors, managers, trustees or other persons serving in a similar capacity for such entity or its general partner, as applicable, and, in either case no “person,” Beneficially Owns more than 50% of the Voting Stock of such entity or its general partner, as applicable.

“Clearstream” means Clearstream Banking, société anonyme, or any successor securities clearing agency.

“Collateral” means all assets and property of the Company or a Guarantor, whether real, personal or mixed, wherever located and whether now owned or at any time acquired after the Date of this Indenture by the Company or a Guarantor as to which a Lien has been granted or assigned to the Collateral Trustee to secure (or purportedly secure) any or all of the Priority Lien Obligations, in each case other than Excluded Assets.

“Collateral Trust Agreement” means the Collateral Trust Agreement, dated as of the Date of this Indenture, among the Company, the grantors and Guarantors from time to time party thereto, Royal Bank of Canada, as First Out Representative, Delaware Trust Company, as First Lien Representative, the Collateral Trustee and any Priority Lien Representative of a Series of Priority Lien Debt that executes and delivers a Collateral Trust Joinder.

“Collateral Trust Joinder” means a joinder to the Collateral Trust Agreement in the form required thereunder.

“Collateral Trustee” means Royal Bank of Canada and any of its successors in such capacity.

“Commercial Lenders” means commercial banks, institutional investors and institutionally managed funds engaged in oil and gas lending in the ordinary course of their respective businesses (including, for the avoidance of doubt, Royal Bank of Canada and GSO Capital Partners LP).

“Commission” or “SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

“Company” has the meaning ascribed to such term in the introductory paragraph hereto.

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“Company Officer” means any person who is authorized by the Board of Directors of the Company to execute documents binding on the Company, either directly or as an officer of a general partner, manager or other business entity with the ultimate authority to manage the business and operations of the Company.

“Consolidated Cash Flow” means, with respect to any specified Person for any period, the Consolidated Net Income of such Person for such period plus, without duplication:

(1)                                 an amount equal to any extraordinary loss plus any net loss realized by such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with an Asset Sale, to the extent such losses were deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus

(2)                                 provision for taxes based on income or profits (including state franchise taxes accounted for as income taxes in accordance with GAAP) of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, to the extent that such provision for taxes was deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus

(3)                                 the Fixed Charges of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, to the extent that such Fixed Charges were deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus

(4)                                 depreciation, depletion and amortization (including amortization of intangibles but excluding amortization of prepaid cash expenses that were paid in a prior period), impairment, abandonment expense, non-cash equity based compensation expense and other non-cash items (excluding any such non-cash item to the extent that it represents an accrual of or reserve for cash expenses in any future period or amortization of a prepaid cash expense that was paid in a prior period) of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period to the extent that such depreciation, depletion, amortization, impairment, abandonment and other non-cash items were deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus

(5)                                 unrealized non-cash losses resulting from foreign currency balance sheet adjustments required by GAAP to the extent such losses were deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus

(6)                                 expenses or charges related to any issuance of Equity Interests, Investment, acquisition, merger, consolidation, disposition, recapitalization, incurrence or repayment of Indebtedness or other similar transaction permitted to be incurred by this Indenture (whether or not successful); plus

(7)                                 so long as such Person accounts for crude oil and natural gas operations using successful efforts or a similar method of accounting, the consolidated exploration expense of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries; plus

(8)                                 to the extent reducing such Consolidated Net Income for such period, payments of scheduled or accrued dividends paid in cash on the Existing Convertible Preferred Stock; minus

(9)                                 non-cash items increasing such Consolidated Net Income for such period, other than items that were accrued in the ordinary course of business; and minus

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(10)                          to the extent increasing such Consolidated Net Income for such period, the sum of (a) the amount of deferred revenues that are amortized during such period and are attributable to reserves that are subject to Volumetric Production Payments and (b) amounts recorded in accordance with GAAP as repayments of principal and interest pursuant to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments;

in each case, on a consolidated basis and determined in accordance with GAAP.

“Consolidated Net Income” means, with respect to any specified Person for any period, the aggregate of the Net Income of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, on a consolidated basis, determined in accordance with GAAP and without any reduction in respect of Preferred Stock dividends (except as specified in clause (9) below), provided that:

(1)                                 the Net Income (but not loss) of any Person that is not a Restricted Subsidiary or that is accounted for by the equity method of accounting will be included, but only to the extent of the amount of dividends or distributions paid in cash to the specified Person or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Person;

(2)                                 the Net Income of any Restricted Subsidiary will be excluded to the extent that the declaration or payment of dividends or similar distributions by that Restricted Subsidiary of that Net Income is not at the date of determination permitted without any prior governmental approval (that has not been obtained) or, directly or indirectly, by operation of the terms of its charter or any judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or governmental regulation applicable to that Restricted Subsidiary or its stockholders, partners or members;

(3)                                 the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principles will be excluded;

(4)                                 any gain (loss) realized upon the sale or other disposition of any property, plant or equipment of such Person or its consolidated Restricted Subsidiaries (including pursuant to any sale or leaseback transaction) which is not sold or otherwise disposed of in the ordinary course of business and any gain (loss) realized upon the sale or other disposition of any Capital Stock of any Person will be excluded;

(5)                                 any asset impairment writedowns on Oil and Gas Properties under GAAP or SEC guidelines will be excluded;

(6)                                 unrealized losses and gains under Hedging Contracts included in the determination of Consolidated Net Income, including, without limitation, those resulting from the application of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 815, will be excluded;

(7)                                 to the extent deducted in the calculation of Net Income, any non-cash or other charges relating to any premium or penalty paid, write off of deferred financing costs or other financial recapitalization charges in connection with redeeming or retiring any Indebtedness prior to its Stated Maturity will be excluded;

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(8)                                 income resulting from transfers of assets (other than cash) between such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and an Unrestricted Subsidiary of such Person, on the other hand, will be excluded; and

(9)                                 the Consolidated Net Income of the Company shall be reduced by the amount of any payment of scheduled or accrued dividends paid in cash on the Existing Convertible Preferred Stock.

“Contingent Obligations” means, with respect to any Person, any obligation of such Person guaranteeing any leases, dividends or other obligations that do not constitute Indebtedness (“primary obligations”) of any other Person (the “primary obligor”) in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, including, without limitation, any obligation of such Person, whether or not contingent:

(1)                                 to purchase any such primary obligation or any property constituting direct or indirect security therefor;

(2)                                 to advance or supply funds:

(a)                                 for the purchase or payment of any such primary obligation; or

(b)                                 to maintain working capital or equity capital of the primary obligor or otherwise to maintain the net worth or solvency of the primary obligor; or

(3)                                 to purchase property, securities or services primarily for the purpose of assuring the owner of any such primary obligation of the ability of the primary obligor to make payment of such primary obligation against loss in respect thereof.

“Controlling Priority Lien Representative” means (a) at any time prior to the earlier of (i) the Shifting Control Date and (ii) the date of the Discharge of First Out Obligations, the Credit Agreement Agent (subject to the provisions of the Collateral Trust Agreement and direction by written notice of an Act of First Out Debtholders) or (b) on or any time after the earlier of (i) the Shifting Control Date and (ii) the date of the Discharge of First Out Obligations, the Priority Lien Representative for the Required First Lien Debtholders.

“Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee” means the office of the Trustee at which at any time its corporate trust business shall be administered, which office at the Date of this Indenture is located at ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration, or such other address as the Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the Holders and the Company, or the principal corporate trust office of any successor Trustee (or such other address as a successor Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the Holders and the Company).

“Credit Agreement” means the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of February 14, 2018, by and among the Company, as borrower and Royal Bank of Canada as administrative agent and as collateral agent, and the lenders party thereto, including any related notes, guarantees, collateral documents, instruments and agreements executed in connection therewith, in each case as amended, restated, modified, renewed, refunded, replaced or

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refinanced from time to time. For the avoidance of doubt, “Credit Agreement” shall include any other First Out Credit Facility.

“Credit Agreement Agent” means Royal Bank of Canada, initially, and any other agent or representative of the First Out Secured Parties then most recently designated in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Credit Agreement, together with its successors in such capacity, for purposes of administration of loans and collateral matters.

“Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

“Customary Recourse Exceptions” means with respect to any Non-Recourse Debt of an Unrestricted Subsidiary, exclusions from the exculpation provisions with respect to such Non-Recourse Debt for the voluntary bankruptcy of such Unrestricted Subsidiary, fraud, misapplication of cash, environmental claims, waste, willful destruction and other circumstances customarily excluded by lenders from exculpation provisions or included in separate indemnification agreements in non-recourse financings.

“Date of this Indenture” means February 14, 2018.

“De Minimis Guaranteed Amount” means a principal amount of Indebtedness that does not exceed $10.0 million.

“Default” means any event that is, or with the passage of time or the giving of notice or both would be, an Event of Default.

“Depository” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.

“DIP Financing” means a financing when a Person becomes subject to Insolvency or Liquidation Proceedings.

“Discharge of First Out Obligations” means the occurrence of all of the following:

(1)                                 termination or expiration of all commitments to extend loans and letters of credit that would constitute First Out Obligations (other than Excess First Out Obligations);

(2)                                 payment in full in cash of the principal of and interest and premium (if any) on all loans and letter of credit obligations that constitute First Out Obligations (other than any undrawn letters of credit and other than Excess First Out Obligations);

(3)                                 discharge or cash collateralization at the lower of (i) 105% of the aggregate undrawn amount and (ii) the percentage of the aggregate undrawn amount required for release of liens under the terms of the applicable series of First Out Debt of all outstanding letters of credit constituting First Out Obligations (other than Excess First Out Obligations);

(4)                                 (i) payment in full in cash of all First Out Hedging Obligations that are secured by a Priority Lien and the termination of all First Out Hedging Contracts relating thereto, (ii) the novation of all transactions entered into thereunder or pursuant thereto on terms and to

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counterparties acceptable to the First Out Hedging Counterparties, (iii) the Company has provided or is concurrently providing collateral to secure the First Out Hedging Obligations substantially similar, or of substantially equal value, to the Collateral then subject to a Priority Lien, or (iv) the establishment of other arrangements with respect to such First Out Hedging Obligations as may be acceptable to the First Out Hedging Counterparties (and communicated to the Collateral Trustee); and

(5)                                 payment in full in cash of all other First Out Obligations (other than Excess First Out Obligations and any obligations for taxes, costs, indemnifications, reimbursements, damages and other liabilities in respect of which no claim or demand for payment has been made at or prior to such time) that are outstanding and unpaid at the time that each of the events described in clauses (1), (2), (3) and (4) above shall have occurred;

provided that, if, at any time after the Discharge of First Out Obligations has occurred, the Company or any Guarantor enters into any First Out Document evidencing a First Out Obligation which incurrence is not prohibited by the applicable Priority Lien Documents, then such Discharge of First Out Obligations shall automatically be deemed not to have occurred for all purposes of the Collateral Trust Agreement with respect to such new First Out Obligation (other than with respect to any actions previously taken as a result of the occurrence of such first Discharge of First Out Obligations), and, from and after the date on which the Company designates such Indebtedness as First Out Obligations, the obligations under such First Out Document shall automatically and without any further action be treated as First Out Obligations for all purposes of the Collateral Trust Agreement, including for purposes of the Lien priorities and rights in respect of Collateral set forth in the Collateral Trust Agreement and any First Lien Obligations shall be deemed to have been at all times First Lien Obligations and at no time First Out Obligations.

“Disqualified Stock” means any Capital Stock that, by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible, or for which it is exchangeable, in each case at the option of the holder of the Capital Stock), or upon the happening of any event, matures or is mandatorily redeemable, pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, or redeemable at the option of the holder of the Capital Stock, in whole or in part, on or prior to the date that is 91 days after the earlier of (a) the date on which no Notes are outstanding and (b) the date on which the Notes mature; provided that only the portion of Capital Stock which is mandatorily redeemable or matures or is redeemable at the option of the holder thereof prior to such date will be deemed to be Disqualified Stock; provided further that (x) any Capital Stock issued pursuant to any plan of the Company or any of its Affiliates for the benefit of one or more employees will not constitute Disqualified Stock solely because it may be required to be repurchased by the Company or any of its Affiliates in order to satisfy applicable contractual, statutory or regulatory obligations; (y) any class of Capital Stock of such Person that by its terms authorizes such Person to satisfy its obligations thereunder by delivery of Capital Stock that is not Disqualified Stock shall not be deemed to be Disqualified Stock and (z) a liquidation preference payable to holders of Capital Stock upon liquidation or winding up of the issuer shall not constitute maturity or redemption. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, any Capital Stock that would constitute Disqualified Stock solely because the holders of the Capital Stock have the right to require the Company to repurchase or redeem such Capital Stock upon the occurrence of a change of control or an asset sale will not constitute Disqualified Stock if (x) the terms of such Capital Stock provide that the

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Company may not repurchase or redeem any such Capital Stock pursuant to such provisions unless such repurchase or redemption complies with Section 4.07 or (y) the terms of such Capital Stock provide that the Company may not repurchase or redeem any such Capital Stock pursuant to such provisions prior to the Company’s purchase of the Notes as is required to be purchased pursuant to the terms of this Indenture.  The amount (or principal amount) of Disqualified Stock deemed to be outstanding at any time for purposes of this Indenture will be the maximum amount that the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries may become obligated to pay upon the maturity of, or pursuant to any mandatory redemption provisions of, such Disqualified Stock, exclusive of accrued dividends.  For the avoidance of doubt, the Existing Convertible Preferred Stock does not constitute “Disqualified Stock.”

“Dollar-Denominated Production Payments” means production payment obligations recorded as liabilities in accordance with GAAP, together with all undertakings and obligations in connection therewith.

“Domestic Subsidiary” means any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that was formed under the laws of the United States or any state of the United States or the District of Columbia.

“DTC” means The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation, its nominees, successors and assigns.

“Enforcement Action” means, with respect to any Series of Priority Lien Debt, (a) the taking of any action to enforce any Lien in respect of the Collateral, including the institution of any foreclosure proceedings, the noticing of any public or private sale or other disposition under the Bankruptcy Code or any attempt to vacate or obtain relief from a stay or other injunction restricting any other action described in this definition, (b) the exercise of any right or remedy provided to a secured creditor on account of a Lien under the Priority Lien Documents (including, in either case, any delivery of any notice to seek to obtain payment directly from any account debtor of the Company or any Guarantor or the taking of any action or the exercise of any right or remedy in respect of the setoff or recoupment against, collection or foreclosure on or marshalling of the Collateral or proceeds of Collateral), under applicable law, at equity, in an Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding or otherwise, including the acceptance of Collateral in full or partial satisfaction of a Lien, (c) the sale, assignment, transfer, lease, license, or other disposition as a secured creditor on account of a Lien of all or any portion of the Collateral, by private or public sale (judicial or non-judicial) or any other means, (d) the solicitation of bids from third parties to conduct the liquidation of all or a portion of Collateral as a secured creditor on account of a Lien, (e) the exercise of any other enforcement right relating to the Collateral (including the exercise of any voting rights relating to any capital stock composing a portion of the Collateral) whether under the Priority Lien Documents, under applicable law of any jurisdiction, in equity, in an Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding, or otherwise, or (f) the appointment of a receiver, manager or interim receiver of all or any portion of the Collateral or the commencement of, or the joinder with any creditor in commencing, any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding against the Company or any Guarantor or any assets of the Company or any Guarantor.

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“Equity Interests” means Capital Stock and all warrants, options or other rights to acquire Capital Stock (but excluding any debt security that is exercisable for, convertible into, or exchangeable for, Capital Stock).

“Equity Offering” means any public or private sale of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) made for cash on a primary basis by the Company after the Date of this Indenture.

“Euroclear” means Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V., as operator of the Euroclear System, or any successor securities clearing agency.

“Excess First Out Obligations” means First Out Obligations for the principal amount of loans or letters of credit and related reimbursement obligations under the Credit Agreement or any other First Out Credit Facility (other than such Obligations constituting First Out Hedging Obligations or First Out Cash Management Obligations) in excess of the principal amount permitted under clause (1) of the definition of “Permitted Debt.”

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

“Excluded Assets” means, together with certain other excluded assets as set forth in the Security Documents, the following:

(1)                                 all Oil and Gas Properties for which there are no Proved Reserves;

(2)                                 all Equity Interests in, and assets of, any Unrestricted Subsidiaries;

(3)                                 any lease (other than an oil and gas lease), license, contract or agreement to which the Company or any Guarantor is a party, any of its rights or interests thereunder, and all property subject thereto, if and only for so long as the grant of a Lien under the security documents will constitute or result in a termination under, or a default or breach thereof that would give the other party thereto the right to terminate, any such lease, license, contract or agreement (other than to the extent that any such term would be rendered ineffective pursuant to Sections 9-406, 9-407, 9-408 or 9-409 of the Uniform Commercial Code of any relevant jurisdiction or any other applicable law or principles of equity); provided that such lease, license, contract, agreement, rights, interests or property will cease to be an Excluded Asset immediately and automatically at such time as such consequences will no longer result;

(4)                                 assets securing purchase money obligations or Capital Lease Obligations permitted to be incurred under the indenture, solely to the extent the documentation relating thereto prohibits such assets from being Collateral and no Lien on those assets secures any other Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor other than such purchase money obligations or Capital Lease Obligations;

(5)                                 deposit accounts, securities accounts and all assets therein, and securities entitlements;

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(6)                                 any trucks, service vehicles, automobiles, rolling stock, boats, vessels or other registered mobile equipment or equipment covered by certificates of title or ownership of the Company or any Guarantor;

(7)                                 any parcel of real property (other than any Oil and Gas Property) owned by the Company or any of the Guarantors that has a Fair Market Value not exceeding $5.0 million;

(8)                                 collateral that is or may be provided to certain Hedging Obligation counterparties, certain banking product and account providers or issuers of letters of credit pursuant to the Priority Lien Documents rather than generally to the Priority Lien Secured Parties or to the Collateral Trustee for the benefit of the Priority Lien Secured Parties as a whole;

(9)                                 any Equity Interests of a Foreign Subsidiary or any Domestic Subsidiary that has no material assets other than the Equity Interests of one or more Foreign Subsidiaries (such Domestic Subsidiary being a “FSHCO”), in each case in excess of 65% of the voting rights of all outstanding Equity Interests of such Foreign Subsidiary or FSHCO and any Equity Interests issued by any Foreign Subsidiaries or any FSHCO other than Foreign Subsidiaries and FSHCOs directly owned by the Company or any Guarantor;

(10)                          cash or securities of the Company or any Guarantor pledged to secure performance of tenders, surety or appeal bonds, government contracts, performance or return of money bonds, bids, trade contracts, leases, statutory obligations, regulatory obligations and other obligations of a like nature incurred in the ordinary course of business;

(11)                          any intent-to-use trademark or service ▇▇▇▇ application to the extent, if any, that, and solely during the period, if any, in which, the grant of a security interest therein would impair the validity or enforceability of such intent-to-use trademark or service ▇▇▇▇ application under applicable federal law; and

(12)                          personal property that is not customarily perfected solely by the filing of a UCC-1 financing statement.

“Existing Convertible Preferred Stock” means (i) the 1,838,985 shares of the Company’s 4.875% Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A and (ii) the 3,527,830 shares of the Company’s 6.500% Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B, in each case, as existing and outstanding on the Date of this Indenture.

“Existing Indebtedness” means (i) the Existing Unsecured Notes and (ii) the aggregate principal amount of any other Indebtedness of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries (other than the Notes or Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement, Preferred Stock of any Subsidiary and intercompany Indebtedness) or any Disqualified Stock of the Company in existence on the Date of this Indenture, until, in the case of (i) or (ii), such amounts are repaid.

“Existing Unrestricted Subsidiaries” means SN UR Holdings, LLC, SN Services, LLC, SN Terminal, LLC, SN Midstream, LLC, SN Comanche Manager, LLC, SN EF UnSub GP, LLC, SN EF UnSub Holdings, LLC, SN EF UnSub, LP, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Resources, LLC, SR TMS LLC, SR Acquisition I, LLC, SR Acquisition III, LLC and SN Capital, LLC.

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“Existing Unsecured Notes” means, collectively, the 2021 Notes and the 2023 Notes.

“Fair Market Value” means the value that would be paid by a willing buyer to an unaffiliated willing seller in a transaction not involving distress or necessity of either party, determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company in the case of transactions involving $60.0 million or more and otherwise by a Company Officer.

“First Lien Debt” means (a) the Notes issued on the Date of this Indenture and the related Subsidiary Guarantees thereof and (b) additional Indebtedness that was incurred pursuant to clause (3)(a), (3)(b) or (5) (insofar as such Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under clause (5) refunds, refinances, extends, replaces, renews or defeases Indebtedness incurred under clause (3)(a) or (3)(b) of the definition of “Permitted Debt”) of the definition of “Permitted Debt” and any guarantees thereof, in each case under this clause (b), that are secured equally and ratably with the First Lien Obligations by a Priority Lien that is permitted to be incurred and so secured under the terms of each applicable Priority Lien Document; provided, in the case of any additional Indebtedness referred to in this clause (b), that:

(1)                                 on or prior to the date of incurrence of such Indebtedness by the Company or any Guarantor, such Indebtedness is designated by the Company, in an Additional Secured Debt Designation delivered to each Priority Lien Representative and the Collateral Trustee, as both “Priority Lien Debt” and “First Lien Debt” for the purposes of the Priority Lien Documents,

(2)                                 a Priority Lien Representative is designated with respect to such Indebtedness and executes and delivers to the Collateral Trustee a Collateral Trust Joinder on behalf of itself and all holders of such Indebtedness,

(3)                                 all requirements set forth in the Collateral Trust Agreement as to the confirmation, grant or perfection of the Collateral Trustee’s Lien to secure such additional Indebtedness or Obligations in respect thereof are satisfied (and the satisfaction of such requirements and the other provisions of this clause (3) will be conclusively established, absent manifest error, if the Company delivers to the Collateral Trustee an Additional Secured Debt Designation stating that such requirements and other provisions have been satisfied and that such Indebtedness is “First Lien Debt”), and

(4)                                 such Indebtedness (other than any DIP Financing that is permitted by the Intercreditor Agreement, if any) is pari passu in right of payment (it being understood that there may be different tranches of First Lien Debt with different maturities and amortization profiles, but the principal amount of Indebtedness under all such tranches must in all other respects be pari passu in right of payment) and does not have any senior or junior rights with respect to the application of proceeds from Collateral as compared to the Notes and the Subsidiary Guarantees.

“First Lien Documents” means the Note Documents and any additional indenture, credit agreement or other agreement pursuant to which any other First Lien Debt is incurred and secured in accordance with the terms of each applicable Priority Lien Document and the Security Documents related thereto (other than any Security Documents that do not secure First Lien Obligations).

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“First Lien Obligations” means the First Lien Debt and all other obligations (as defined under the applicable First Lien Document) in respect thereof.

“First Lien Representative” means (1) in the case of the Notes, the Trustee and (2) in the case of any other series of First Lien Debt, the agent, trustee or counterparty who maintains the transfer register for such series of First Lien Debt, as applicable, and is appointed as a representative of such series of First Lien Debt (for purposes related to the administration of the applicable Security Documents) pursuant to the indenture, credit agreement or other agreement governing such series of First Lien Debt and that executes and delivers an Additional Secured Debt Designation and a Collateral Trust Joinder in accordance with the provisions of the Collateral Trust Agreement.

“First Lien Standstill Period” means the period of 60 consecutive days commencing on the date on which the Priority Lien Representative for the Required First Lien Debtholders has delivered a notice to the Priority Lien Representative for the First Out Debtholders that a Priority Lien Debt Default exists; provided that such period shall be extended so long as the Credit Agreement Agent has instructed (or shall be seeking relief from any stay or other prohibition in any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding otherwise precluding the Credit Agreement Agent from instructing) the Collateral Trustee to commence an Enforcement Action under the terms of the Collateral Trust Agreement and the Collateral Trustee (acting at the direction of the Credit Agreement Agent as the then Controlling Priority Lien Representative) is diligently pursuing (or shall be seeking relief from any stay or other prohibition in any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding otherwise precluding the Collateral Trustee from so diligently pursuing) an Enforcement Action against a material portion of the Collateral.

“First Out Cash Management Arrangements” means a Cash Management Arrangement with a First Out Cash Management Counterparty which creates First Out Cash Management Obligations.

“First Out Cash Management Counterparty” has the meaning set forth in the definition of “First Out Cash Management Obligations.”

“First Out Cash Management Obligations” means all Cash Management Obligations owing to the Credit Agreement Agent, any other First Out Representative or any of their respective Affiliates or a Person that is or was a lender under the Credit Agreement or any other First Out Credit Facility or any Affiliate of any such lender, in each case at the time the Cash Management Arrangements which created such Cash Management Obligations were entered into (each such Person, a “First Out Cash Management Counterparty”); provided that, in each case, such Cash Management Obligations are permitted (or not prohibited) to be incurred and secured by a Priority Lien under the terms of each applicable Priority Lien Document (and the satisfaction of such requirements will be conclusively established, absent manifest error, if the Company represents and warrants to the applicable First Out Cash Management Counterparty in either the applicable Cash Management Arrangements or in an Officers’ Certificate delivered to such First Out Cash Management Counterparty that such Cash Management Obligations are “First Out Cash Management Obligations”).

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“First Out Credit Facility” means any oil and gas reserve-based term or revolving credit facility, including the Credit Agreement (a) which (i) provides for advances of term or revolving loans and (ii) the majority of the commitments under which at all times prior to the occurrence of an “event of default” thereunder (as such terms are defined therein) are held by Commercial Lenders, or (b) that extends, amends and restates, refunds, refinances or replaces the Credit Agreement or any other First Out Credit Facility, in each case, in whole and with all commitments thereunder terminated.

“First Out Debt” means (a) Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement (including the undrawn amount of letters of credit whether or not then available to be drawn) incurred under clause (1) of the definition of “Permitted Debt” and any guarantees thereof, (b) First Out Cash Management Obligations, (c) First Out Hedging Obligations and (d) Indebtedness under any other First Out Credit Facility (including the undrawn amount of letters of credit whether or not then available to be drawn) incurred under clause (1) of the definition of “Permitted Debt” and any guarantees thereof, that is permitted to be incurred and so secured under the terms of each applicable Priority Lien Document; provided, in the case of this clause (d), that:

(1)                                 on or prior to the incurrence of such Indebtedness, such Indebtedness is designated by the Company, in an Additional Secured Debt Designation delivered to each Priority Lien Representative and the Collateral Trustee, as both “Priority Lien Debt” and “First Out Debt” for the purposes of the Priority Lien Documents;

(2)                                 the Credit Agreement Agent under such First Out Credit Facility shall have duly executed and delivered to the Collateral Trustee on behalf of itself and all holders of Indebtedness thereunder a Collateral Trust Joinder; and

(3)                                 all requirements set forth in the Collateral Trust Agreement as to the confirmation, grant or perfection of the Collateral Trustee’s Lien to secure such Indebtedness are satisfied (and the satisfaction of such requirements and the other provisions of this clause (3) will be conclusively established, absent manifest error, if the Company delivers to the Collateral Trustee an Additional Secured Debt Designation stating that such requirements and other provisions have been satisfied and that such debt constitutes First Out Debt).

“First Out Documents” means, collectively, documentation in respect of the Credit Agreement (including any other First Out Credit Facility), each First Out Hedging Contract and each First Out Cash Management Arrangement pursuant to which any First Out Debt is incurred and secured in accordance with the terms of each applicable Priority Lien Document and the Security Documents related thereto (other than any Security Documents that do not secure First Out Obligations).

“First Out Hedging Contracts” means a Hedging Contract with a First Out Hedging Counterparty giving rise to any First Out Hedging Obligations.

“First Out Hedging Counterparty” has the meaning set forth in the definition of “First Out Hedging Obligations.”

“First Out Hedging Obligations” means (i) all Hedging Obligations arising or existing under any Hedging Contract in effect on the Date of this Indenture with a Qualified Hedging

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Counterparty or a Secured Priority Swap Provider (as defined in the Credit Agreement (as in effect on the Date of this Indenture)) and (ii) all Hedging Obligations entered into after the Date of this Indenture owing to any Person that is both (x) a Qualified Hedging Counterparty and (y) an Approved Counterparty (as defined in the Credit Agreement) at the time such Hedging Obligations are entered into (each such Person, a “First Out Hedging Counterparty”); provided that, in each case, such Hedging Obligations are permitted (or not prohibited) to be incurred and secured by a Priority Lien under the terms of each applicable Priority Lien Document (and the satisfaction of such requirements will be conclusively established, absent manifest error, if the Company represents and warrants, as of the time of incurrence of any such Hedging Obligations, to the applicable First Out Hedging Counterparty in either the applicable Hedging Contract or in an Officers’ Certificate delivered to such First Out Hedging Counterparty that such Hedging Obligations are “First Out Hedging Obligations”).

“First Out Obligations” means the First Out Debt and all other obligations (as defined in the applicable First Out Document) in respect thereof.

“First Out Representative” means (1) in the case of the Credit Agreement (and First Out Hedging Obligations and First Out Cash Management Obligations constituting “Obligations” thereunder) the Credit Agreement Agent or (2) in the case of any other First Out Credit Facility (and First Out Hedging Obligations and First Out Cash Management Obligations constituting “Obligations” thereunder), the agent or trustee who maintains the transfer register for such First Out Credit Facility and is appointed as a representative of such First Out Debt (for purposes related to the administration of the applicable Security Documents) pursuant to such First Out Credit Facility and that executes and delivers an Additional Secured Debt Designation and a Collateral Trust Joinder.

“First Out Secured Parties” means each holder of a First Out Obligation, including each First Out Representative and the Collateral Trustee.

“Fitch” means Fitch Ratings, a unit of Fimalac, S.A., or any successor to the rating agency business thereof.

“Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio” means with respect to any specified Person for any four-quarter reference period, the ratio of the Consolidated Cash Flow of such Person for such period to the Fixed Charges of such Person for such period.  In the event that the specified Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries incurs, assumes, guarantees, repays, repurchases, redeems, defeases or otherwise discharges any Indebtedness (other than ordinary working capital borrowings) or issues, repurchases or redeems Preferred Stock subsequent to the commencement of the applicable four-quarter reference period and on or prior to the date on which the event for which the calculation of the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio is made (the “Calculation Date”), then the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio will be calculated giving pro forma effect to such incurrence, assumption, guarantee, repayment, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other discharge of Indebtedness, or such issuance, repurchase or redemption of Preferred Stock, and the use of the proceeds therefrom, as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter reference period (except that in making such computation, the amount of Indebtedness under any revolving credit facility outstanding on the date of such determination will be deemed to be (i) the average daily balance of such Indebtedness during such four fiscal

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quarters or such shorter period for which such credit facility was outstanding or (ii) if such revolving credit facility was created after the end of such four fiscal quarters, the average daily balance of such Indebtedness during the period from the date of creation of such revolving credit facility to the date of such determination). If any Indebtedness bears a floating rate of interest and is being given pro forma effect, the interest expense on such Indebtedness will be calculated as if the average rate in effect from the beginning of such period to the Calculation Date had been the applicable rate for the entire period (taking into account any interest Hedging Contract applicable to such Indebtedness, but if the remaining term of such interest Hedging Contract is less than 12 months, then such interest Hedging Contract shall only be taken into account for that portion of the period equal to the remaining term thereof).  If any Indebtedness that is being given pro forma effect bears an interest rate at the option of such Person, the interest rate shall be calculated by applying such option rate chosen by such Person.  Interest on Indebtedness that may optionally be determined at an interest rate based upon a factor of a prime or similar rate, a Eurocurrency interbank offered rate, or other rate, shall be deemed to have been based upon the rate actually chosen, or if none, then based upon such optional rate chosen as such Person may designate. Interest on any Indebtedness under a revolving credit facility will be calculated based upon the average daily balance of such Indebtedness during the applicable period.

In addition, for purposes of calculating the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio:

(1)                                 acquisitions or Investments that have been made, or contributions received by the specified Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, including through mergers, consolidations or otherwise (including acquisitions or Investments or contributions of assets used or useful in the Oil and Gas Business), or any Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries acquired by the specified Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, and including in each case any related financing transactions and increases in ownership of Restricted Subsidiaries, during the applicable four-quarter reference period or subsequent to such reference period and on or prior to the Calculation Date, will be given pro forma effect as if they had occurred on the first day of the four-quarter reference period, and the Consolidated Cash Flow for such reference period will be calculated giving pro forma effect to any expense and cost reductions or synergies that have occurred or are reasonably expected to occur, in the reasonable judgment of a Company Officer who serves as principal financial or accounting officer (regardless of whether those cost savings or operating improvements could then be reflected in pro forma financial statements in accordance with Regulation S-X promulgated under the Securities Act or any other regulation or policy of the Commission related thereto);

(2)                                 the Consolidated Cash Flow attributable to discontinued operations, as determined in accordance with GAAP, and operations or businesses or Investments (and ownership interests therein) disposed of on or prior to the Calculation Date, will be excluded;

(3)                                 the Fixed Charges attributable to discontinued operations, as determined in accordance with GAAP, and operations or businesses or Investments (and ownership interests therein) disposed of on or prior to the Calculation Date, will be excluded, but only to the extent that the obligations giving rise to such Fixed Charges will not be obligations of the specified Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries following the Calculation Date;

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(4)                                 any Person that is to be a Restricted Subsidiary of the specified Person immediately following the Calculation Date will be deemed to have been a Restricted Subsidiary of the specified Person at all times during such four-quarter reference period;

(5)                                 any Person that is not to be a Restricted Subsidiary of the specified Person immediately following the Calculation Date will be deemed not to have been a Restricted Subsidiary of the specified Person at any time during such four-quarter reference period;

(6)                                 interest income reasonably anticipated by such Person to be received during the applicable four-quarter reference period from cash or Cash Equivalents held by such Person or any Restricted Subsidiary of such Person, which cash or Cash Equivalents exist on the Calculation Date or will exist as a result of the transaction giving rise to the need to calculate the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio, will be included; and

(7)                                 if, since the beginning of such applicable four-quarter reference period and on or prior to the Calculation Date, any Person (that subsequently became a Restricted Subsidiary or was merged or consolidated with or into such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries since the beginning of such applicable four-quarter reference period and on or prior to the Calculation Date) disposed of any operations or businesses or Investments (or ownership interests therein) or made any acquisition or Investment or received any contribution that would have required an adjustment pursuant to clause (1), (2) or (3) above if made or received by such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries since the beginning of such four-quarter reference period and on or prior to the Calculation Date, Consolidated Cash Flow and Fixed Charges for such period will be calculated after giving pro forma effect (on the same basis as specified in clause (1) above) thereto as if such disposition or acquisition, contribution or Investment had occurred on the first day of such four-quarter reference period.

“Fixed Charges” means, with respect to any specified Person for any period, the sum, without duplication, of:

(1)                                 the consolidated interest expense (less interest income) of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, whether paid or accrued (excluding (i) any interest attributable to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments, (ii) write-off of deferred financing costs and (iii) accretion of interest charges on future plugging and abandonment obligations, future retirement benefits and other obligations that do not constitute Indebtedness, but including, without limitation, amortization of debt issuance costs and original issue discount, non-cash interest payments, the interest component of any deferred payment obligations other than that attributable to any Oil and Natural Gas Hedging Contract, the interest component of all payments associated with Capital Lease Obligations, imputed interest with respect to Attributable Debt, commissions, discounts and other fees and charges incurred in respect of letter of credit or bankers’ acceptance financings), and net of the effect of all payments made or received pursuant to interest rate Hedging Contracts; plus

(2)                                 the consolidated interest expense of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries that was capitalized during such period; plus

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(3)                                 any interest expense on Indebtedness of another Person (other than Non-Recourse Debt of any Unrestricted Subsidiary or Joint Venture) that is guaranteed by such Person or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries or secured by a Lien on assets of such Person or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries, whether or not such guarantee or Lien is called upon; plus

(4)                                 all dividends, whether paid or accrued and whether or not in cash, on any series of Disqualified Stock of such Person or any series of Preferred Stock of its Restricted Subsidiaries, other than dividends on Preferred Stock payable solely in Equity Interests of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock) or to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary;

in each case, on a consolidated basis and determined in accordance with GAAP.

“Foreign Subsidiary” means any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that is not a Domestic Subsidiary.

“GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, the opinions and pronouncements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and in the statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity as have been approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession in the United States, which are in effect from time to time.  All ratios and computations based on GAAP contained in this Indenture will be computed in conformity with GAAP.  For the purposes of this Indenture, the term “consolidated” with respect to any Person shall mean such Person consolidated with its Restricted Subsidiaries, and shall not include any Unrestricted Subsidiary, but the interest of such Person in an Unrestricted Subsidiary will be accounted for as an Investment.

“Global Note” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.

“Government Securities” means, securities that are:

(1)                                 direct obligations of the United States of America for the timely payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged; or

(2)                                 obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States of America, which, in either case, are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuers thereof, and shall also include a depository receipt issued by a bank (as defined in Section 3(a)(2) of the Securities Act), as custodian with respect to any such Government Securities or a specific payment of principal of or interest on any such Government Securities held by such custodian for the account of the holder of such depository receipt; provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Government Securities or the specific payment of principal of or interest on the Government Securities evidenced by such depository receipt.

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“guarantee” means, unless the context otherwise requires, a guarantee other than by endorsement of negotiable instruments for collection in the ordinary course of business, directly or indirectly, in any manner including, without limitation, by way of a pledge of assets or through letters of credit or reimbursement agreements in respect thereof, of all or any part of any Indebtedness or entered into for purposes of assuring in any other manner the obligee of such Indebtedness of the payment thereof or to protect such obligee against loss in respect thereof (in whole or in part).  When used as a verb, “guarantee” has a correlative meaning.

“Guarantors” means each Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that becomes a Guarantor in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture and their respective successors and assigns, in each case until the Subsidiary Guarantee of such Person is released in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.

“Hedging Contracts” means any transaction or agreement with respect to any swap, forward, future or derivative transaction or option or similar agreement, whether exchange traded, “over-the-counter” or otherwise, involving, or settled by reference to, one or more rates, currencies, commodities, equity or debt instruments or securities, or economic, financial or pricing indices or measures of economic, financial or pricing risk or value or any similar transaction or any combination of these transactions, whether or not any such transaction is governed by or subject to any master agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, (a) a Hedging Contract governed by a master agreement, including any master agreement published by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc., shall be deemed entered into when such individual Hedging Contract is entered into without regard to the date on which such master agreement is entered into, (b) any hedge position or hedging arrangement of the type described in the immediately preceding sentence shall be considered a Hedging Contract regardless of whether a written agreement or written confirmation is entered into, and (c) options, warrants, rights and other similar interests in respect of equity interests in the Company shall not constitute Hedging Contracts.

“Hedging Obligations” means, with respect to any Person, the obligations (whether contingent or otherwise) of such Person incurred under Hedging Contracts in the ordinary course of business and not for speculative purposes.

“Holder” or “Noteholder” means a Person in whose name a Note is registered.

“Hydrocarbon Interests” means all rights, titles, interests and estates now or hereafter acquired in and to oil and gas leases, oil, gas and mineral leases, or other liquid or gaseous Hydrocarbon leases, mineral fee interests, overriding royalty and royalty interests, net profit interests and production payment interests, including any reserved or residual interests of whatever nature.

“Hydrocarbons” means crude oil, natural gas, casinghead gas, drip gasoline, natural gasoline, condensate, distillate, liquid hydrocarbons, gaseous hydrocarbons and all constituents, elements or compounds thereof and products refined or processed therefrom.

“Indebtedness” means, with respect to any specified Person, any indebtedness of such Person, whether or not contingent:

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(1)                                 in respect of borrowed money;

(2)                                 evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments;

(3)                                 in respect of letters of credit issued for the account of such Person that support obligations that constitute Indebtedness (provided that the amount of such letters of credit included in Indebtedness shall not exceed the amount of the Indebtedness being supported) and, without duplication, the unreimbursed amount of all drafts drawn under letters of credit issued for the account of such Person;

(4)                                 in respect of bankers’ acceptances;

(5)                                 representing Capital Lease Obligations or Attributable Debt in respect of sale and leaseback transactions;

(6)                                 representing the balance deferred and unpaid of the purchase price of any property or services, except any such balance that constitutes an accrued expense or Trade Payable; or

(7)                                 representing any Hedging Obligations,

if and to the extent any of the preceding items (other than letters of credit and Hedging Obligations) would appear as a liability upon a balance sheet of the specified Person (excluding the footnotes thereto) prepared in accordance with GAAP.  In addition, the term “Indebtedness” includes all Indebtedness of other Persons secured by a Lien on any asset of the specified Person, whether or not such Indebtedness is assumed by the specified Person, and, to the extent not otherwise included, the guarantee by the specified Person of any Indebtedness of any other Person (including, with respect to any Production Payment, any warranties or guarantees of production or payment by such Person with respect to such Production Payment, but excluding other contractual obligations of such Person with respect to such Production Payment). Notwithstanding anything in this Indenture to the contrary, Indebtedness shall not include, and shall be calculated without giving effect to, the effects of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 815 and related interpretations to the extent such effects would otherwise increase or decrease an amount of Indebtedness for any purpose under this Indenture as a result of accounting for any embedded derivatives created by the terms of such Indebtedness; and any such amounts that would have constituted “Indebtedness” under this Indenture but for the application of this sentence shall not be deemed an incurrence of Indebtedness under this Indenture. Furthermore, notwithstanding the foregoing, the following shall not constitute or be deemed “Indebtedness”:

(i)                                     any indebtedness which has been defeased in accordance with GAAP or defeased pursuant to the deposit of cash or Cash Equivalents (in an amount sufficient to satisfy all such indebtedness at maturity or redemption, as applicable, and all payments of interest and premium, if any) in a trust or account created or pledged for the sole benefit of the holders of such indebtedness, and subject to no other Liens, and the other applicable terms of the instrument governing such indebtedness;

(ii)                                  any obligation of a Person in respect of a farm-in agreement or similar arrangement whereby such Person agrees to pay all or a share of the drilling, completion or other

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expenses of an exploratory or development well (which agreement may be subject to a maximum payment obligation, after which expenses are shared in accordance with the working or participation interest therein or in accordance with the agreement of the parties) or perform the drilling, completion or other operation on such well in exchange for an ownership interest in an oil or gas property;

(iii)                               any obligations arising from agreements of a Person providing for indemnification, guarantees, adjustment of purchase price, holdbacks, contingent payment obligations based on a final financial statement or performance of acquired or disposed of assets or similar obligations (other than guarantees of Indebtedness), in each case incurred or assumed by such Person in connection with the acquisition or disposition of assets (including through mergers, consolidations or otherwise);

(iv)                              subject to the parenthetical at the end of the second preceding sentence of this definition, any Dollar-Denominated Production Payments or Volumetric Production Payments or Production Payments and Reserve Sales;

(v)                                 any Disqualified Stock;

(vi)                              accrued expenses or Trade Payables;

(vii)                           any unrealized losses or charges in respect of Hedging Contracts (including those resulting from application of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 815);

(viii)                        all contracts and other obligations, agreements, instruments or arrangements described in clauses (10), (11), (17), (24), (35) and (36) of the definition of “Permitted Liens”;

(ix)                              Cash Management Obligations;

(x)                                 Contingent Obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business and not in respect of borrowed money;

(xi)                              deferred or prepaid revenues;

(xii)                           in-kind obligations relating to net Hydrocarbon balancing positions arising in the ordinary course of business; and

(xiii)                        indebtedness, the proceeds of which are funded into an escrow or other trust arrangement pending the satisfaction of one or more conditions, unless and until such proceeds are released to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary.

“Indenture” means this Indenture, as amended or supplemented from time to time.

“Initial Issuance Date” means February 14, 2018.

“Initial Notes” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.

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“Initial Purchasers” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.

“Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding” means:

(1)                                 any case or proceeding commenced by or against the Company or any Guarantor under the Bankruptcy Code or any other Bankruptcy Law, any other proceeding for the reorganization, recapitalization or adjustment or marshalling of the assets or liabilities of the Company or any Guarantor, any receivership or assignment for the benefit of creditors relating to the Company or any Guarantor or any similar case or proceeding relative to the Company or any Guarantor or its creditors, as such, in each case whether or not voluntary;

(2)                                 any liquidation, dissolution, marshalling of assets or liabilities or other winding up of or relating to the Company or any Guarantor, in each case whether or not voluntary and whether or not involving bankruptcy or insolvency; or

(3)                                 any other proceeding of any type or nature in which substantially all claims of creditors of the Company or any Guarantor are determined and any payment or distribution is or may be made on account of such claims.

“Intercreditor Agreement” means an intercreditor agreement, substantially in the form of Exhibit D to the Collateral Trust Agreement, executed among the Collateral Trustee, each Junior Lien Representative and the Company and the other parties from time to time party thereto as it may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with this Indenture.

“Investment Grade Rating” means a rating equal to or higher than Baa3 (or the equivalent) by Moody’s and BBB- (or the equivalent) by S&P, or if either Moody’s or S&P ceases to rate the Notes for reasons outside of the Company’s control, the equivalent investment grade rating from Fitch.

“Investments” means, with respect to any Person, all direct or indirect investments by such Person in other Persons (including Affiliates) in the forms of loans; advances or extensions of credit (including guarantees), capital contributions, purchases or other acquisitions for consideration of Indebtedness, Equity Interests or other securities, or any other items that are or would be classified as investments on a balance sheet of such Person prepared in accordance with GAAP (excluding, in each case, (1) commission, travel and similar advances to officers and employees made in the ordinary course of business, (2) advances to customers in the ordinary course of business that are recorded as accounts receivable on the balance sheet of the lender, prepaid expenses or deposits and extensions of trade credit on commercially reasonable terms and (3) any interest in a crude oil or natural gas leasehold to the extent constituting a security under Applicable Law). If the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary sells or otherwise disposes of any Equity Interests of any direct or indirect Restricted Subsidiary such that, after giving effect to any such sale or disposition, such Person is no longer a Restricted Subsidiary (other than the sale of all of the outstanding Capital Stock of such Subsidiary), the Company will be deemed to have made an Investment on the date of any such sale or disposition in an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of the Equity Interests of such Restricted Subsidiary not sold or disposed of in an amount determined as provided in the penultimate paragraph of

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Section 4.07.  The acquisition by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company of a Person that holds an Investment in a third Person will be deemed to be an Investment made by the Company or such Subsidiary in such third Person in an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of the Investment held by the acquired Person in such third Person on the date of any such acquisition in an amount determined as provided in the penultimate paragraph of Section 4.07.  Except as otherwise provided in this Indenture, the amount of an Investment will be determined at the time the Investment is made and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value or write-ups, write-downs or write-offs with respect to such Investment.

“Joint Venture” means any Person that is not a direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Company in which the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries makes any Investment (other than an Investment in a Person constituting an issuer or other obligor of Cash Equivalents).

“Junior Lien” means a Lien, junior to the Priority Liens as provided in the Intercreditor Agreement, granted by the Company or any Guarantor in favor of holders of Junior Lien Debt (or any collateral trustee or representative in connection therewith), at any time, upon any property of the Company or any Guarantor to secure Junior Lien Obligations.

“Junior Lien Debt” means the aggregate indebtedness outstanding under all Junior Lien facilities (with outstanding letters of credit being deemed to have a principal amount equal to the stated amount thereof) that was permitted to be, and is, incurred under each Junior Lien Document.

“Junior Lien Documents” means, collectively, all indentures, credit agreements, loan documents, notes, guarantees, instruments, documents and agreements governing or evidencing, or executed or delivered in connection with, each Junior Lien facility, or pursuant to which Junior Lien Debt is incurred and the documents pursuant to which Junior Lien Obligations are granted.

“Junior Lien Obligations” means Junior Lien Debt and all other Obligations in respect thereof.

“Junior Lien Representative” means in the case of any Series of Junior Lien Debt, the trustee, agent or representative of the holders of such Series of Junior Lien Debt who maintains the transfer register for such Series of Junior Lien Debt and is appointed as a representative of the Junior Lien Debt (for purposes related to the administration of the security documents) pursuant to the indenture, credit agreement or other agreement governing such Series of Junior Lien Debt, together with its successors in such capacity.

“Lien” means, with respect to any asset, any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest or encumbrance of any kind in respect of such asset, whether or not filed, recorded or otherwise perfected under Applicable Law, including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any lease in the nature thereof, any option or other agreement to sell or give a security interest in and any filing of or agreement to give any financing statement under the Uniform Commercial Code (or equivalent statutes) of any jurisdiction or Production Payments

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and Reserve Sales and the like payable out of Oil and Gas Properties other than a precautionary financing statement respecting a lease not intended as a security agreement.

“Make Whole Premium” means, with respect to a Note at any time as calculated by the Company, the excess, if any, of (a) the present value at such time of (i) the redemption price of such Note at February 15, 2020 pursuant to Section 3.07(a) plus (ii) any required interest payments due on such Note through February 15, 2020 (except for currently accrued and unpaid interest), computed using a discount rate equal to the Treasury Rate at such time plus 50 basis points, discounted to the redemption date on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months), over (b) the principal amount of such Note.

“Measurement Date” means June 13, 2013, the original issue date of the initial 2021 Notes.

“Minority Interest” means the percentage interest represented by any Capital Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary that is not owned by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary.

“Moody’s” means ▇▇▇▇▇’▇ Investors Service, Inc. or any successor to the rating agency business thereof.

“Mortgages” means all mortgages, deeds of trust and similar documents, instruments and agreements (and all amendments, modifications and supplements thereof) creating, evidencing, perfecting or otherwise establishing the Liens on Oil and Gas Properties and other related assets to secure payment of the Notes and the Subsidiary Guarantees or any part thereof.

“Net Income” means, with respect to any specified Person, the net income (loss) of such Person, determined in accordance with GAAP and before any reduction in respect of Preferred Stock dividends, excluding, however:

(1)                                 any gain (but not loss), together with any related provision for taxes on such gain (but not loss), realized in connection with: (a) any Asset Sale; or (b) the disposition of any securities by such Person or the extinguishment of any Indebtedness of such Person;

(2)                                 any extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring item of gain (or loss), together with any related provision for taxes on such extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring item of gain (or loss); and

(3)                                 any non-cash equity compensation expense.

“Net Proceeds” means the aggregate cash proceeds and Cash Equivalents received by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of any Asset Sale (including, without limitation, any cash or Cash Equivalents received upon the sale or other disposition of any non-cash consideration received in any Asset Sale but excluding any non-cash consideration deemed to be cash or Cash Equivalents pursuant to Section 4.10), net of:

(1)                                 the direct costs relating to such Asset Sale, including, without limitation, legal, accounting and investment banking fees, title and recording tax expenses and sales commissions,

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severance and associated costs, expenses and charges of personnel and any relocation expenses relating to the properties or assets subject to or incurred as a result of the Asset Sale;

(2)                                 taxes paid or payable or required to be accrued as a liability under GAAP as a result of the Asset Sale, in each case, after taking into account any available tax credits or deductions and any tax sharing arrangements;

(3)                                 amounts required to be applied to the repayment of Indebtedness secured by a Lien on the properties or assets that were the subject of such Asset Sale;

(4)                                 all distributions and other payments required to be made to minority interest holders in Restricted Subsidiaries or joint ventures as a result of such Asset Sale;

(5)                                 any amounts to be set aside in any reserve established in accordance with GAAP or any amount placed in escrow, in either case for adjustment in respect of the sale price of such properties or assets or for liabilities associated with such Asset Sale and retained by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (including, without limitation, pension and other post-employment benefit liabilities and liabilities related to environmental matters or against any indemnification obligations associated with such transaction) until such time as such reserve is reversed or such escrow arrangement is terminated, in which case Net Proceeds shall include only the amount of the reserve so reversed or the amount returned to the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries from such escrow arrangement, as the case may be; and

(6)                                 amounts paid in connection with the termination of Hedging Contracts of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.

“Net Working Capital” means, with respect to any specified Person, (a) all current assets of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries except current assets from commodity price risk management activities arising in the ordinary course of business, less (b) all current liabilities of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries, except (i) current liabilities included in Indebtedness, (ii) current liabilities associated with asset retirement obligations relating to Oil and Gas Properties, and (iii) any current liabilities from commodity price risk management activities arising in the ordinary course of business, in each case as set forth in the consolidated financial statements of such Person prepared in accordance with GAAP (excluding any adjustments made pursuant to Financial Standards Accounting Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 815).

“Non-Recourse Debt” means, with respect to Indebtedness of any Unrestricted Subsidiary or Joint Venture, Indebtedness:

(1)                                 as to which neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (a) provides credit support of any kind (including any undertaking, agreement or instrument that would constitute Indebtedness) or (b) is directly or indirectly liable as a guarantor or otherwise except, in each case for Customary Recourse Exceptions and except by the pledge of (or a guaranty limited in recourse solely to) the Equity Interests of such Unrestricted Subsidiary or Joint Venture;

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(2)                                 no default with respect to which (including any rights that the holders of the Indebtedness may have to take enforcement action against an Unrestricted Subsidiary) would permit upon notice, lapse of time or both any holder of any other Indebtedness (other than the Notes) of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to declare a default on such other Indebtedness or cause the payment of the Indebtedness to be accelerated or payable prior to its Stated Maturity except for Indebtedness that results from the pledge of (or a guaranty limited in recourse solely to) Equity Interests in such Unrestricted Subsidiary or Joint Venture held by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary to secure Indebtedness of any Unrestricted Subsidiary or Joint Venture that constitutes Non-Recourse Debt; and

(3)                                 as to which the lenders will not have any recourse to the Capital Stock or assets of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (other than the Equity Interests of such Unrestricted Subsidiary or Joint Venture), except for Customary Recourse Exceptions.

For purposes of determining compliance with Section 4.09, in the event that any Indebtedness of any of the Company’s Unrestricted Subsidiaries ceases to be Non-Recourse Debt of such Unrestricted Subsidiary, such event will be deemed to constitute an incurrence of Indebtedness by a Restricted Subsidiary.

“Note Documents” means this Indenture, the Notes, the Subsidiary Guarantees, the Collateral Trust Agreement, the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreement, if any.

“Notes” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.

“Notes Custodian” has the meaning specified in the Appendix.

“Obligations” means any principal (including reimbursement obligations and obligations to provide cash collateral with respect to letters of credit whether or not drawn), premium, if any, interest (including, to the extent legally permitted, all interest, fees and expenses accrued thereon on or after the commencement of any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding at the rate, including any applicable post-default rate even if such interest, fee or expense is not enforceable, allowable or allowed as a claim in such proceeding), penalties, fees, charges, expenses, indemnifications, reimbursements, damages, guarantees, and other liabilities or amounts payable under the documentation governing any Indebtedness or in respect thereto.

“Offering Memorandum” means the offering memorandum of the Company dated February 7, 2018 relating to the offering of the Initial Notes issued on the Initial Issuance Date.

“Officer” means, with respect to any Person, the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Controller, the Secretary, any Assistant Secretary or any Vice President of such Person.

“Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed on behalf of the Company by two of its Officers, one of whom, in the case of any Officers’ Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 4.04, must be the principal executive officer, the principal financial officer or the principal accounting officer of the Company, that meets the requirements of Section 11.05 hereof.

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“Oil and Gas Business” means:

(1)                                 the acquisition, exploration, development, production, operation and disposition of interests in oil, gas and other Hydrocarbon properties;

(2)                                 the gathering, marketing, treating, processing, storage, distribution, selling and transporting of any production from such interests or properties;

(3)                                 any business relating to exploration for or development, production, treatment, processing, storage, transportation or marketing of oil, gas and other minerals and products produced in association therewith; and

(4)                                 any activity that, as determined in good faith by the Company, arises from, relates to or is ancillary, complementary or incidental to or necessary or appropriate for the activities described in clauses (1) through (3) of this definition.

“Oil and Gas Properties” means (a) Hydrocarbon Interests, (b) the properties now or hereafter pooled or unitized with Hydrocarbon Interests, (c) all presently existing or future unitization, pooling agreements and declarations of pooled units and the units created thereby (including all units created under orders, regulations and rules of any governmental authority) which may affect all or any portion of the Hydrocarbon Interests, (d) all operating agreements, contracts and other agreements, including production sharing contracts and agreements, which relate to any of the Hydrocarbon Interests or the production, sale, purchase, exchange or processing of Hydrocarbons from or attributable to such Hydrocarbon Interests, (e) all Hydrocarbons in and under and which may be produced and saved or attributable to the Hydrocarbon Interests, including all oil in tanks, and all rents, issues, profits, proceeds, products, revenues and other incomes from or attributable to the Hydrocarbon Interests,(f) all tenements, hereditaments, appurtenances and properties in any manner appertaining, belonging, affixed or incidental to the Hydrocarbon Interests and (g) all properties, rights, titles, interests and estates described or referred to above, including any and all property, real or personal, now owned or hereafter acquired and situated upon, used, held for use or useful in connection with the operating, working or development of any of such Hydrocarbon Interests or property (excluding drilling rigs, automotive equipment, rental equipment or other personal property which may be on such premises for the purpose of drilling a well or for other similar temporary uses) and including any and all oil ▇▇▇▇▇, gas ▇▇▇▇▇, injection ▇▇▇▇▇ or other ▇▇▇▇▇, structures, fuel separators, liquid extraction plants, plant compressors, pumps, pumping units, field gathering systems, gas processing plants and pipeline systems and any related infrastructure to any thereof, tanks and tank batteries, fixtures, valves, fittings, machinery and parts, engines, boilers, meters, apparatus, equipment, appliances, tools, implements, cables, wires, towers, casing, tubing and rods, surface leases, rights-of-way, easements and servitudes together with all additions, substitutions, replacements, accessions and attachments to any and all of the foregoing.

“Oil and Natural Gas Hedging Contract” means any commodity futures contract, puts, cap transactions, floor transactions, collar transactions, forward contract, commodity swap, commodity option, commodity forward sale or other similar agreement or arrangement in respect of Hydrocarbons to be purchased, used, transported, produced, refined, processed, stored, held,

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marketed or sold by that Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries that are designed to protect against price risk, basis risk or other risk encountered in the Oil and Gas Business.

“Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion from legal counsel who is reasonably acceptable to the Trustee that meets the requirements of Section 11.05 hereof.  The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company.

“ordinary course of business” means, with respect to any activity involving the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary, performing or engaging in such activity in the ordinary course of business of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary or in such manner as is or shall have become customary in the Oil and Gas Business, either generally or in the particular geographical location or industry segment in which such activity is performed or engaged in, in each case as determined in good faith by the Company.

“Permitted Acquisition Indebtedness” means Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to the extent such Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock was Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock of any other Person existing at the time (a) such Person became a Restricted Subsidiary or (b) such Person was merged or consolidated with or into the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided that on the date such Person became a Restricted Subsidiary or the date such Person was merged or consolidated with or into the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, as applicable, either:

(1)                                 immediately after giving effect to such transaction and any related financing transaction on a pro forma basis as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, the Company or such Person (if the Company is not the survivor in the transaction), would be permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio test set forth in the first paragraph of Section 4.09, or

(2)                                 immediately after giving effect to such transaction and any related financing transaction on a pro forma basis as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of the Company or such Person (if the Company is not the survivor in the transaction) would be equal to or greater than the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of the Company immediately prior to such transaction.

“Permitted Business Investments” means Investments made in the ordinary course of, or of a nature that is or shall have become customary in, the Oil and Gas Business, either generally or in the particular geographical location or industry segment in which such Investment is made, in each case as determined in good faith by the Company, including without limitation investments or expenditures for actively exploiting, exploring for, acquiring, developing, producing, processing, gathering, marketing or transporting Hydrocarbons (including with respect to plugging and abandonment) through agreements, transactions, interests or arrangements that permit one to share risk or costs, comply with regulatory requirements regarding local ownership or satisfy other objectives customarily achieved through the conduct of the Oil and Gas Business jointly with third parties, including without limitation:

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(1)                                 direct or indirect ownership interests in crude oil, natural gas, other Hydrocarbon properties or any interest therein, gathering, transportation, processing, storage or related systems, or ancillary real property interests and interests therein; and

(2)                                 the entry into and Investments and expenditures in the form of or pursuant to operating agreements, joint ventures, processing agreements, working interests, royalty interests, mineral leases, farm-in agreements, farm-out agreements, development agreements, production sharing agreements, production sales and marketing agreements, production payment agreements, area of mutual interest agreements, contracts for the sale, purchase, transportation, gathering, processing, marketing, storing or exchange of crude oil and natural gas and related Hydrocarbons and minerals, unitization agreements, pooling arrangements, joint bidding agreements, service contracts, joint venture agreements, partnership agreements (whether general or limited), incentive compensation programs on terms that are customary in the Oil and Gas Business for geologists, geophysicists and other providers of technical services to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary or other similar or customary agreements, transactions, properties, interests or arrangements, and Investments and expenditures in connection therewith or pursuant thereto, in each case made or entered into in the ordinary course of, or of a nature that is or shall have become customary in, the Oil and Gas Business.

“Permitted Collateral Liens” means Liens in clauses (3), (4), (6) (except to the extent such Liens apply to any Oil and Gas Property), (7), (8), (11), (12), (13), (16), (17), (18), (22), (24), (31), (34), (36), and (40) (in respect of the refinancing of any other Permitted Collateral Lien) of the definition of “Permitted Liens” that, by operation of law, have priority over the Priority Liens.

“Permitted Holder” means (a) ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, III and A.R. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, Jr., (b) any spouse or descendant of any individual named in (a), or (c) any other natural person who is related to, or who has been adopted by, any such individual or such individual’s spouse referenced in (a)-(b) above within the second degree of kinship, or (d) any Person controlled, directly or indirectly, by any of the Persons referenced in clauses (a)-(c) above, individually or collectively by one or more of such Persons.

“Permitted Investments” means:

(1)                                 any Investment in the Company (including, without limitation, through the purchase of Notes) or in a Restricted Subsidiary;

(2)                                 any Investment in cash and Cash Equivalents;

(3)                                 any Investment by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in a Person, if as a result of such Investment:

(a)                                 such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary; or

(b)                                 such Person is merged, consolidated or amalgamated with or into, or transfers or conveys substantially all of its properties or assets to, or is liquidated into, the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary;

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(4)                                 any Investment made as a result of the receipt of non-cash consideration from an Asset Sale that was made pursuant to and in compliance with Section 4.10, including pursuant to clause (6), (7) or (8) of the items deemed not to be Asset Sales under the definition of “Asset Sale;”

(5)                                 any acquisition of assets or Capital Stock or other Investment in any Person solely in exchange for the issuance of, or for consideration consisting solely of, or with or out of the net cash proceeds of the substantially concurrent (a) contribution (other than from a Restricted Subsidiary) to the equity capital of the Company in respect of, or (b) sale (other than to a Restricted Subsidiary) of, Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company;

(6)                                 any Investments received in compromise or resolution of, or upon satisfaction of judgments with respect to, (a) obligations of trade creditors or customers that were incurred in the ordinary course of business, including pursuant to any plan of reorganization or similar arrangement upon the bankruptcy or insolvency of any trade creditor or customer, or (b) litigation, arbitration or other disputes (including pursuant to any bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings) with Persons who are not Affiliates;

(7)                                 Hedging Contracts;

(8)                                 guarantees of Indebtedness permitted under Section 4.09;

(9)                                 guarantees by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of operating leases (other than Capital Lease Obligations) or of other obligations that do not constitute Indebtedness, in each case entered into by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business;

(10)                          Permitted Business Investments;

(11)                          Investments that are in existence on the Date of this Indenture;

(12)                          Investments in any Person to the extent such Investments consist of prepaid expenses, negotiable instruments held for collection or pledges or deposits (or guarantees or other contingent obligations) described in clause (24) of the definition of “Permitted Liens,” in each case made by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business;

(13)                          guarantees of performance or other obligations (other than Indebtedness) arising in the ordinary course of business, including obligations under oil and natural gas exploration, development, joint operating and related agreements and licenses or concessions related to the Oil and Gas Business;

(14)                          loans or advances to officers, directors or employees made in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practices of the Company or the applicable Restricted Subsidiary and otherwise in compliance with Section 4.11;

(15)                          repurchases of, or other Investments in, the Notes or Subsidiary Guarantees;

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(16)                          Investments of a Restricted Subsidiary acquired after the Date of this Indenture or of any entity merged into or consolidated with the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in accordance with Section 5.01, to the extent that such Investments were not made in contemplation of or in connection with such acquisition, merger or consolidation and were in existence on the date of such acquisition, merger or consolidation;

(17)                          Investments received as a result of a foreclosure by, or other transfer of title to, the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to any secured Investment in default;

(18)                          receivables owing to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary created or acquired in the ordinary course of business and payable or dischargeable in accordance with customary trade terms; provided, however, that such trade terms may include such concessionary trade terms as the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary deems reasonable under the circumstances;

(19)                          professional or advisory, administrative, management, treasury or similar services, indemnification, insurance, officers’ and directors’ fees and expenses, registration fees and other like expenses paid or provided for the benefit of any Joint Venture or Unrestricted Subsidiary pursuant to arrangements not involving the incurrence of Indebtedness that comply with Section 4.11;

(20)                          advances and prepayments for asset purchases in the ordinary course of business;

(21)                          guarantees or other Investments arising from the incurrence of Indebtedness by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary with respect to Indebtedness of any Unrestricted Subsidiary or Joint Venture permitted under Section 4.09(16);

(22)                          any transaction that constitutes an Investment to the extent permitted and made in accordance with the provisions of the second paragraph of Section 4.11 (except transactions described in clauses (5), (6), (7), (8), (10), (12), (13) and (14) of such paragraph);

(23)                          Investments in any Person which, when taken together with all other Investments made pursuant to this clause (23) that are at the time outstanding, do not exceed the greater of (a) $50.0 million and (b) 3.0% of the Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets determined at the time such Investment is made; and

(24)                          Investments in Unrestricted Subsidiaries or Joint Ventures which, when taken together with all other Investments made pursuant to this clause (24) that are at that time outstanding, do not exceed $50.0 million;

provided, however, that with respect to any Investment, the Company will be permitted to divide or classify (or later divide, re-divide, classify or reclassify in whole or in part in its sole discretion) such Investment to one or more of the above clauses (1) through (24) so that the entire Investment would be a Permitted Investment.

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“Permitted Liens” means:

(1)                                 Liens securing First Out Obligations, First Lien Obligations or Junior Lien Obligations;

(2)                                 Liens in favor of the Company or the Guarantors;

(3)                                 Liens on property (including Capital Stock) of a Person existing at the time such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary or is merged with or into or consolidated with the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided that such Liens were in existence prior to the contemplation of such Person becoming a Restricted Subsidiary or such merger or consolidation and do not extend to any assets other than those of the Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary or is merged with or into or consolidated with the Company or the Restricted Subsidiary (together with all improvements, additions, accessions and contractual rights relating primarily thereto and all proceeds thereof (including dividends, distributions and increases in respect thereof));

(4)                                 Liens on property existing at the time of acquisition of the property by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided that such Liens were in existence prior to the contemplation of such acquisition (together with all improvements, additions, accessions and contractual rights relating primarily thereto and all proceeds thereof (including dividends, distributions and increases in respect thereof));

(5)                                 any interest or title of a lessor to the property subject to a Capital Lease Obligation;

(6)                                 Liens on any asset or property acquired, designed, constructed, installed, developed, repaired or improved by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided that (a) such Liens are in favor of the seller or other transferor of such asset or property, in favor of the Person or Persons designing, constructing, installing, developing, repairing or improving such asset or property, or in favor of the Person or Persons that provided the funding for the acquisition, design, construction, installation, development, repair or improvement cost, as the case may be, of such asset or property, (b) such Liens are created within 360 days after the acquisition, design, construction, installation, development, repair or improvement, (c) the aggregate principal amount of the Indebtedness secured by such Liens is otherwise permitted to be incurred under this Indenture and does not exceed the greater of (i) the cost of the asset or property so acquired, designed, constructed, installed, developed, repaired or improved plus related financing costs and (ii) the Fair Market Value of the asset or property so acquired, designed, constructed, installed, developed, repaired or improved, measured at the date of such acquisition, or the date of completion of such design, construction, installation, development, repair or improvement plus related financing costs, and (d) such Liens are limited to the asset or property so acquired, designed, constructed, installed, developed, repaired or improved (together with improvements, additions, accessions and contractual rights relating primarily thereto and including the proceeds thereof (including dividends, distributions and increases in respect thereof and accessions thereto, upgrades thereof and improvements thereto));

(7)                                 Liens existing on the Date of this Indenture other than any Priority Liens or Junior Liens;

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(8)                                 Liens to secure the performance of leases, tenders, bids, statutory obligations, surety or appeal bonds, government contracts, performance and return of money bonds, bids, trade contracts, leases, statutory obligations, regulatory obligations or other obligations of a like nature incurred in the ordinary course of business;

(9)                                 Liens on and pledges of the Equity Interests of any Unrestricted Subsidiary or any Joint Venture owned by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary to the extent securing Non-Recourse Debt or other Indebtedness of such Unrestricted Subsidiary or Joint Venture;

(10)                          Liens constituting or in respect of Production Payments and Reserve Sales;

(11)                          Liens on pipelines or pipeline facilities that arise by operation of law;

(12)                          Liens on insurance policies and proceeds thereof, or other deposits, to secure insurance premium financings;

(13)                          bankers’ Liens, rights of setoff, rights of revocation, refund or chargeback with respect to money or instruments of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary, Liens arising out of judgments or awards not constituting an Event of Default and notices of lis pendens and associated rights related to litigation being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which adequate reserves have been made;

(14)                          grants of software and other technology licenses in the ordinary course of business;

(15)                          Liens arising out of conditional sale, title retention, consignment or similar arrangements for the sale of goods entered into in the ordinary course of business;

(16)                          Liens securing Permitted Acquisition Indebtedness created prior to (and not created in connection with, or in contemplation of) the incurrence of such Indebtedness by the Company or the Restricted Subsidiaries; provided that such Lien is limited to the assets acquired in connection with the transaction pursuant to which the Permitted Acquisition Indebtedness became an obligation of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary;

(17)                          Liens arising under operating agreements, joint venture agreements, partnership agreements, oil and natural gas leases or subleases, overriding royalty interests, farm-out agreements, farm-in agreements, division orders, contracts for the sale, purchase, exchange, transportation, gathering or processing or exchange of crude oil and natural gas and related Hydrocarbons and minerals, unitization and pooling designations, declarations, orders and agreements, development agreements, royalties, working interests, net profits interests, joint interest billing arrangements, participation agreements, production sales contracts, production payment agreements, royalty trust agreements, incentive compensation programs for geologists, geophysicists and other providers of technical services to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary, area of mutual interest agreements, royalty agreements, overriding royalty agreements, marketing agreements, processing agreements, net profits agreements, development agreements, gas balancing or deferred production agreements, injection, repressuring and recycling agreements, salt water or other disposal agreements, seismic or other geophysical

41

permits or agreements, licenses, sublicenses and other agreements arising in the ordinary course of business;

(18)                          Liens reserved in oil and gas mineral leases for bonus or rental payments and for compliance with the terms of such leases;

(19)                          Liens upon specific items of inventory, receivables or other goods or proceeds of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries securing such Person’s obligations in respect of bankers’ acceptances or receivables securitizations issued or created for the account of such Person to facilitate the purchase, shipment or storage of such inventory, receivables or other goods or proceeds and permitted by Section 4.09;

(20)                          [Reserved];

(21)                          Liens to secure payment and performance of Hedging Obligations of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;

(22)                          Liens for taxes, assessments or governmental charges or claims that are not yet delinquent or that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings promptly instituted and diligently concluded; provided that any reserve or other appropriate provision as is required in conformity with GAAP has been made therefor;

(23)                          landlords’, operators’, vendors’, carriers’, warehousemen’s, mechanics’, materialmen’s, repairmen’s, suppliers’, workers’, construction or like Liens arising by contract or statute in the ordinary course of business or incident to the exploration, development, operation and maintenance of Oil and Gas Properties, each of which is in respect to amounts which are not yet delinquent or are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings;

(24)                          pledges or deposits made in the ordinary course of business (A) in connection with leases (including, without limitation, statutory and common law landlords’ Liens), utility contracts, tenders, bids, plugging and abandonment, surety or appeal bonds, government contracts, performance and return of money bonds, trade contracts, statutory obligations, regulatory obligations and similar obligations, or (B) in connection with workers’ compensation, health, disability or other benefits, unemployment or other insurance or self-insurance obligations and other social security or similar legislation, old age pension or public liability obligations (including, in the case of (A) or (B), Liens to secure guarantees, contingent reimbursement obligations or other contingent obligations with respect to letters of credit or bank guarantees functioning as or supporting or issued to assure payment or performance of any of the foregoing bonds or obligations);

(25)                          any attachment or judgment Lien that does not constitute an Event of Default;

(26)                          survey exceptions, easements, restrictions, servitudes, permits, conditions, covenants, exceptions or reservations of, or rights of others for, licenses, rights-of-way, roads, pipelines, transmission lines, transportation lines, distribution lines for the removal of gas, oil, coal or other minerals or timber, sewers, electric lines, telegraph and telephone lines and other similar purposes, or for the joint or common use of real estate, rights of way, facilities and equipment, Liens related to surface leases and surface operations, or zoning or other restrictions

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as to the use of real property that were not incurred in connection with Indebtedness and that do not in the aggregate materially adversely affect the value of said properties or materially impair their use in the operation of the business of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;

(27)                          Liens arising solely by virtue of any statutory or common law provisions relating to banker’s Liens, rights of set-off or similar rights and remedies as to deposit accounts or other funds maintained or deposited with a depositary institution; provided that (A) such deposit account is not a dedicated cash collateral account and is not subject to restrictions against access by the Company in excess of those set forth by regulations promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board and (B) such deposit account is not intended by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to provide collateral to the depositary institution;

(28)                          Liens arising from Uniform Commercial Code financing statement filings regarding operating leases entered into by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business;

(29)                          leases or subleases granted to others that do not materially interfere with the ordinary course of business of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole;

(30)                          Liens arising under this Indenture in favor of the Trustee for its own benefit and similar Liens in favor of other trustees, agents and representatives arising under instruments governing Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under this Indenture, including the indentures governing the Existing Unsecured Notes, provided, however, that such Liens are solely for the benefit of the trustees, agents or representatives in their capacities as such and not for the benefit of the holders of such Indebtedness;

(31)                          any Lien arising by reason of:

(a)                                 good faith deposits in connection with tenders, leases and contracts (other than contracts for the payment of Indebtedness);

(b)                                 survey exceptions, zoning restrictions, easements, licenses, reservations, title defects, rights of others for rights of way, utilities, sewers, electric lines, telephone or telegraph lines, and other similar purposes, provisions, covenants, conditions, waivers, restrictions on the use of property or minor irregularities of title (and with respect to leasehold interests, mortgages, obligations, Liens and other encumbrances incurred, created, assumed or permitted to exist and arising by, through or under a landlord or owner of the leased property, with or without consent of the lessee), none of which materially impairs the use of any parcel of property material to the operation of the business of the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries or the value of such property for the purpose of such business;

(c)                                  operation of law or contract in favor of mechanics, carriers, warehousemen, landlords, materialmen, laborers, employees, suppliers and similar persons, incurred in the ordinary course of business, to the extent such Liens relate only to the tangible property of the lessee which is located on such property, for sums which are not yet delinquent or are being contested in good faith by negotiations or by appropriate proceedings which suspend the collection thereof; if such reserve or other

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appropriate provision, if any, as shall be required by GAAP shall have been made in respect thereof; or

(d)                                 normal depository or Cash Management Arrangements with banks;

(32)                          Liens on any specific property or any interest therein, construction thereon or improvement thereto to secure all or any part of the costs incurred for surveying, exploration, drilling, extraction, development, operation, production, construction, alteration, repair or improvement of, in, under or on such property and the plugging and abandonment of ▇▇▇▇▇ located thereon (it being understood that, in the case of oil and gas producing properties, or any interest therein, costs incurred for development shall include costs incurred for all facilities relating to such properties or to projects, ventures or other arrangements of which such properties form a part or which relate to such properties or interests);

(33)                          Liens on an oil or gas producing property to secure obligations incurred or guarantees of obligations incurred in connection with or necessarily incidental to commitments for the purchase or sale of, or the transportation or distribution of, the products derived from such property;

(34)                          Liens arising from the deposit of funds or securities in trust for the purpose of decreasing, discharging, redeeming or defeasing Indebtedness so long as such deposit of funds or securities and such decreasing, discharging, redeeming or defeasing of Indebtedness are permitted under Section 4.07;

(35)                          Liens (other than Liens securing Indebtedness) on, or related to, properties and assets to secure all or part of the costs incurred in the ordinary course of business for the exploration, drilling, development, production, processing, gathering, transportation, marketing or storage, plugging, abandonment or operation thereof;

(36)                          Liens arising from royalties, overriding royalties, revenue interests, net revenue interests, net profit interests, reversionary interests, production payments, preferential rights of purchase, working interests and other similar interests, all as arise in the ordinary course of business;

(37)                          Liens incurred by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary with respect to Indebtedness (other than Priority Liens and Junior Liens) permitted to be incurred under this Indenture; provided that, after giving effect to any such incurrence, the aggregate principal amount of all other Indebtedness then outstanding and secured by any Liens incurred pursuant to this clause (37) does not exceed the greater of (a) $15.0 million and (b) 2.5% of the Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets determined at the time such Lien is incurred;

(38)                          Liens securing Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor to the extent such Indebtedness was incurred solely to refinance Existing Unsecured Notes to the extent such Indebtedness constitutes Junior Lien Debt;

(39)                          Liens to secure any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under this Indenture and incurred to refinance Indebtedness that was previously so secured; provided that any such Lien is limited to all or part of the same property or assets (together with

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all improvements, additions, accessions and contractual rights relating primarily thereto and all proceeds thereof (including dividends, distributions and increases in respect thereof)) that secured (or, under the written arrangements under which the original Lien arose, could secure) the Indebtedness being refinanced or is in respect of property or assets that is the security for a Permitted Lien; and

(40)                          any Lien renewing, extending, refinancing or refunding a Lien permitted by clauses (1) through (39) above, provided that (a) the principal amount of the Indebtedness secured by such Lien is not increased except by an amount equal to a reasonable premium or other reasonable amount paid, and fees and expenses reasonably incurred, in connection therewith and by an amount equal to any existing commitments unutilized thereunder and (b) no assets encumbered by any such Lien other than the assets permitted to be encumbered immediately prior to such renewal, extension, refinance or refund are encumbered thereby (other than all improvements, additions, accessions and contractual rights relating primarily thereto and all proceeds thereof (including dividends, distributions and increases in respect thereof)).

“Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness” means any Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries incurred or issued in exchange for, or the net proceeds of which are used to extend, refinance, renew, replace, defease, discharge, refund or otherwise retire for value, in whole or in part, any other Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (other than intercompany Indebtedness); provided that at the time of such exchange, extension, refinancing, renewal, replacement, defeasance, discharge, refunding or retirement:

(1)                                 the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable), of such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness does not exceed the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) of the Indebtedness or amount of the Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock being exchanged, extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased, discharged, refunded or otherwise retired (plus all accrued and unpaid interest on the Indebtedness or accrued and unpaid dividends on the Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock, as the case may be, and the amount of all fees, expenses and premiums incurred in connection therewith);

(2)                                 such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness has a Weighted Average Life to Maturity equal to or greater than the shorter of (x) the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of the Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock being exchanged, extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased, discharged, refunded or otherwise retired and (y) the Weighted Average Life to Maturity that would result if all payments of principal on the Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock being exchanged, extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased, discharged, refunded or otherwise retired that were due on or after the date that is one year following the final maturity date of any Notes then outstanding were instead due on such date;

(3)                                 if the Indebtedness being exchanged, extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased, discharged, refunded or otherwise retired is contractually subordinated or otherwise junior in right of payment to the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees, such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is contractually subordinated or otherwise junior in right of payment to the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees, as applicable, on terms at least as favorable to the Holders as those

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contained in the documentation governing (or shall be Capital Stock of solely one obligor on) the Indebtedness being exchanged, extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased, discharged, refunded or otherwise retired, as determined in good faith by the Company;

(4)                                 such Indebtedness is not incurred (other than by way of a guarantee) by a Restricted Subsidiary if the Company is the issuer or other primary obligor on the Indebtedness being exchanged, extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased, discharged, refunded or otherwise retired;

(5)                                 if any Preferred Stock being exchanged, extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased, discharged, refunded or otherwise retired was Disqualified Stock of the Company, the Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness shall be Disqualified Stock of the Company; and

(6)                                 if any Preferred Stock being exchanged, extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased, discharged, refunded or otherwise retired was Preferred Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary, the Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness shall be Preferred Stock of such Restricted Subsidiary.

“Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, limited liability company or government or other entity.

“Preferred Stock” means, with respect to any Person, any and all preferred or preference stock or other similar Equity Interests (however designated) of such Person whether outstanding on or issued after the Date of this Indenture.

“Present Value” means, as of any date of determination, the discounted net present value, on a pre-income tax basis, of projected future cash flows from the production of the Company’s and the Guarantors’ Proved Reserves, which is:

(1) calculated in accordance with the SEC guidelines;

(2) discounted using an annual discount rate of 10%;

(3) as set forth in the Reserve Report mostly recently delivered under Section 4.03 herein;

(4) adjusted to give effect to the Hedging Contracts permitted by this Indenture as in effect on the date of such determination; and

(5) in all cases, adjusted to give pro forma effect to all dispositions and acquisitions completed since the date of the applicable Reserve Report.

“Priority Lien” means a first-priority Lien (subject to the Intercreditor Agreement, if any, and to Permitted Collateral Liens) granted by a Security Document to the Collateral Trustee, at any time, upon any Property of the Company or any Guarantor to secure Priority Lien Obligations.

“Priority Lien Debt” means First Out Debt and First Lien Debt.

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“Priority Lien Debt Default” means any “Event of Default” under any Priority Lien Document governing any Series of Priority Lien Debt (other than First Out Cash Management Obligations) or any similar event or condition (with or without the giving of notice and whether or not notice has been given) which, under the terms of any Priority Lien Document governing any Series of Priority Lien Debt, in each case after giving effect to any applicable grace periods, (x) except in the case of any Priority Lien Debt constituting any Hedging Obligation secured by a Priority Lien, causes the Priority Lien Debt outstanding thereunder to become immediately due and payable or (y) in the case of any Priority Lien Debt constituting any Hedging Obligation secured by a Priority Lien, causes the counterparty thereto to close out or terminate such Hedging Obligation at a time when such counterparty is owed in excess of $40.0 million under such Hedging Obligation.

“Priority Lien Documents” means, collectively, the First Lien Documents and the First Out Documents.

“Priority Lien Obligations” means Priority Lien Debt and all other obligations (as defined under the applicable Priority Lien Document) in respect thereof.

“Priority Lien Representative” means (1) in the case of the Notes, the Trustee, (2) in the case of the Credit Agreement or any other First Out Credit Facility (and First Out Hedging Obligations and First Out Cash Management Obligations constituting “Obligations” under such First Out Credit Facility), the Credit Agreement Agent or (3) in the case of any other Series of Priority Lien Debt, the trustee, agent or representative of the holders of such Series of Priority Lien Debt or counterparty who maintains the transfer register for such Series of Priority Lien Debt, if applicable, and (A) is appointed as a Priority Lien Representative of such Series of Priority Lien Debt (for purposes related to the administration of the applicable Security Documents) pursuant to the indenture, credit agreement or other agreement governing such Series of Priority Lien Debt, together with its successors in such capacity and (B) that has executed and delivered an Additional Secured Debt Designation and a Collateral Trust Joinder in accordance with the terms of the Collateral Trust Agreement.

“Private Placement Legend” means the legend set forth in Section 2.3(b)(i) of the Appendix.

“Production Payments” means, collectively, Dollar-Denominated Production Payments and Volumetric Production Payments.

“Production Payments and Reserve Sales” means the grant or transfer by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary to any Person of a royalty, overriding royalty, net profits interest, Production Payment (whether volumetric or dollar denominated), partnership or other interest in Oil and Gas Properties, reserves or the right to receive all or a portion of the production or the proceeds from the sale of production attributable to such properties where the holder of such interest has recourse solely to such production or proceeds of production, subject to the obligation of the grantor or transferor to operate and maintain, or cause the subject interests to be operated and maintained, in a reasonably prudent manner or other customary standard or subject to the obligation of the grantor or transferor to indemnify for environmental, title or other matters customary in the Oil and Gas Business, including any such grants or transfers pursuant to

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incentive compensation programs on terms that are reasonably customary in the Oil and Gas Business for geologists, geophysicists and other providers of technical services to the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company.

“Property” means any interest in any kind of property or asset, whether real, personal or mixed, or tangible or intangible, including, without limitation, cash, securities, accounts and contract rights.

“Proved Reserves” has the meaning assigned to such term under Rule 4-10(22) of Regulation S-X.

“Purchase Agreement” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.

“QIB” means a “qualified institutional buyer” as defined in Rule 144A.

“Qualified Hedging Counterparty” means (i) any Person who at the time a Hedging Contract was entered into was (a) a lender or any Affiliate of a lender under the Credit Agreement, (b) a Person who had been a lender under the 2013 Credit Agreement or any Affiliate of such Person, (c) a Person who had been a lender under the 2014 Credit Agreement or any Affiliate of such a Person, or (d) Shell Energy North America (US), L.P., ▇▇▇▇ Supply & Trading, LP, BP Energy Company, Citibank, N.A., JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., or any of their respective Affiliates, or (ii) any Person whose issuer rating or long term senior unsecured debt rating, at the time of entry into the applicable Hedging Contract, is, or, at the time such Person or any Affiliate thereof first entered into a Hedging Contract with the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary after the Date of this Indenture, was, BBB / Baa2 by S&P or ▇▇▇▇▇’▇ (or their equivalent) or higher (or whose obligations under the applicable Hedging Contract are guaranteed by an Affiliate of such Person who, at the time of entry into the applicable Hedging Contract, meets, or, at the time such Person or any Affiliate thereof entered into such first such Hedging Contract, met, such rating standards), in each case under clause (i)(d) or clause (ii) if either (1) the Company has provided to such Person an Officers’ Certificate as described in the proviso in the definition of “First Out Hedging Obligations” or (2) any such Hedging Contract entered into after the date of the Collateral Trust Agreement provides by its terms that it is intended to be secured as a First Out Hedging Obligation.

“Regulation S” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.

“Reporting Default” means a Default described in Section 6.01(d).

“Required First Lien Debtholders” means, at any time, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of all First Lien Debt then outstanding, calculated in accordance with the provisions of the Collateral Trust Agreement. For purposes of this definition, First Lien Debt registered in the name of, or beneficially owned by, the Company or any Affiliate of the Company will be deemed not to be outstanding.

“Required First Out Debtholders” means (a) for so long as no loans are outstanding and there is no Availability for borrowings under the Credit Agreement, the holders of a majority of the net termination amount (which shall not be less than zero) that would be payable by the Company or any Subsidiary as of the date of determination to the First Out Hedging

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Counterparties upon termination of all First Out Hedging Contracts, and (b) at such time as there are then loans outstanding or Availability under the Credit Agreement, the holders of a majority of the sum of (i) the aggregate principal amount of loans and of commitments contributing to Availability under the Credit Agreement and (ii) the net termination amount (which shall not be less than zero) that would be payable by the Company or any Subsidiary as of the date of determination to the First Out Hedging Counterparties upon termination of all First Out Hedging Contracts.

“Reserve Report” means a report setting forth the Proved Reserves attributable to the Oil and Gas Properties of the Company and the Guarantors, together with a projection of the rate of production and future net income, taxes, operating expenses, Present Value of Proved Reserves and capital expenditures with respect thereto as of such date, based upon the pricing assumptions consistent with SEC reporting at the time.

“Responsible Officer” when used with respect to the Trustee, means any officer within the corporate trust department of the Trustee having direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture.

“Restricted Global Note” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.

“Restricted Investment” means an Investment other than a Permitted Investment.

“Restricted Subsidiary” of a Person means any Subsidiary of the referent Person that is not an Unrestricted Subsidiary.  If not otherwise specified, reference to a Restricted Subsidiary shall mean a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company.

“Rule 144A” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.

“S&P” means Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of The ▇▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇ Companies, Inc., or any successor to the rating agency business thereof.

“SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

“Security Documents” means the Collateral Trust Agreement, each joinder agreement required by the Collateral Trust Agreement, and all security agreements, pledge agreements, collateral assignments, mortgages, deeds of trust, control agreements or other grants or transfers for security executed and delivered by the Company or any Guarantor creating (or purporting to create) a Priority Lien upon Collateral in favor of the Collateral Trustee, for the benefit of any of the Priority Lien Secured Parties, in each case, as amended, modified, renewed, restated or replaced, in whole or in part, from time to time, in accordance with its terms and the provisions described under Section 7.1 of the Collateral Trust Agreement.

“Senior Debt” means all Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries permitted to be incurred under the terms of this Indenture, unless the instrument under which such Indebtedness is incurred expressly provides that it is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes or any Subsidiary Guarantee and all Obligations with respect thereto.

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Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the preceding sentence, Senior Debt will not include: (a) any intercompany Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to the Company or any of its Affiliates; (b) any Indebtedness that is incurred in violation of this Indenture or (c) trade payables or taxes owed or owing by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.

“Series of Priority Lien Debt” means, severally, the Credit Agreement, the Notes and each other issue or series of Priority Lien Debt.

“Series of Junior Lien Debt” means, severally, each issue or series of Junior Lien Debt.

“Services Agreement” means that certain Services Agreement, dated December 19, 2011, by and between the Company and ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Oil and Gas Corporation.

“Shifting Control Date” means the date upon which (a) a Priority Lien Debt Default under any First Lien Document has occurred and is continuing and (b) the Priority Lien Representative for the Required First Lien Debtholders delivers written notice to the Credit Agreement Agent and the Collateral Trustee (in accordance with the notice provisions of the Collateral Trust Agreement and specifying both the first day and the last day of the corresponding First Lien Standstill Period) that (1) the condition under clause (a) has been met, (2) the First Lien Standstill Period has expired and (3) the Required First Lien Debtholders wish to commence or continue an Enforcement Action pursuant to the terms of the Collateral Trust Agreement.

“Significant Subsidiary” means any Restricted Subsidiary that would be a “significant subsidiary” as defined in Article 1, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X, promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Regulation is in effect on the Date of this Indenture.

“SN UnSub” means SN EF UnSub, LP, a Delaware limited partnership.

“Stated Maturity” means, with respect to any installment of interest or principal on any series of Indebtedness, the date on which the payment of interest or principal was scheduled to be paid in the original documentation governing such Indebtedness, and will not include any contingent obligations to repay, redeem or repurchase any such interest or principal prior to the date originally scheduled for the payment thereof.

“Subsidiary” means, with respect to any specified Person:

(1)                                 any corporation, association or other business entity (other than a partnership or limited liability company) of which more than 50% of the total voting power of Voting Stock is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by that Person or one or more of the other Subsidiaries of that Person (or a combination thereof); and

(2)                                 any partnership (whether general or limited) or limited liability company (a) the sole general partner or member of which is such Person or a Subsidiary of such Person, or (b) if there is more than a single general partner or member, either (x) the only managing general partners or managing members of which are such Person or one or more Subsidiaries of such Person (or any combination thereof) or (y) a majority of the outstanding general partner interests,

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member interests or other Voting Stock of such partnership or limited liability company, is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by that Person or one or more of the other Subsidiaries of that Person (or a combination thereof).

If not otherwise specified, reference to a Subsidiary shall mean a Subsidiary of the Company.

“Subsidiary Guarantee” means any guarantee pursuant to Article 10 hereof by a Guarantor of the Company’s Obligations under this Indenture and the Notes.

“Trade Payables” means, as to any Person, (a) accounts payable or other obligations of such Person created or assumed by such Person in the ordinary course of business in connection with the obtaining of goods or services and (b) obligations arising under contracts for the exploration, development, drilling, completion and plugging and abandonment of ▇▇▇▇▇ or for the construction, repair or maintenance of related infrastructure or facilities.

“Transfer Restricted Securities” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.

“Treasury Rate” means the yield to maturity at the time of computation of United States Treasury securities with a constant maturity (as compiled and published in the most recent Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15(519) which has become publicly available at least two Business Days prior to the redemption date (or, if such Statistical Release is no longer published, any publicly available source of similar market data)) most nearly equal to the period from the redemption date to February 15, 2020; provided, however, that if such period is not equal to the constant maturity of a United States Treasury security for which a weekly average yield is given, the Company shall obtain the Treasury Rate by linear interpolation (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth of a year) from the weekly average yields of United States Treasury securities for which such yields are given, except that if the period from the redemption date to February 15, 2020 is less than one year, the weekly average yield on actually traded United States Treasury securities adjusted to a constant maturity of one year shall be used.  The Company will (a) calculate the Treasury Rate on the second Business Day preceding the applicable redemption date and (b) prior to such redemption date file with the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the Make Whole Premium and the Treasury Rate and showing the calculation of each in reasonable detail.

“Trustee” means the party named as such in the introductory paragraph hereto until a successor replaces it in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter means the successor serving hereunder.

“Uniform Commercial Code” means the New York Uniform Commercial Code as in effect from time to time.

“Unrestricted Subsidiary” means (i) the Existing Unrestricted Subsidiaries and (ii) any other Subsidiary of the Company that is designated or deemed designated by the Board of Directors of the Company as an Unrestricted Subsidiary pursuant to a Board Resolution of the Company, but only to the extent that such Subsidiary:

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(1)                                 has no Indebtedness other than Non-Recourse Debt owing to any Person other than the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary (other than any guarantees of the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees or any Indebtedness that would be released upon designation);

(2)                                 except as permitted by Section 4.11, is not party to any agreement, contract, arrangement or understanding, together with the terms of all other agreements, contracts, arrangements and understandings with such Unrestricted Subsidiary, taken as a whole, with the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary unless the terms of any such agreement, contract, arrangement or understanding are no less favorable to the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary than those that might be obtained at the time of entry into such agreement, contract, arrangement or undertaking from Persons who are not Affiliates of the Company, as determined in good faith by the Company;

(3)                                 is a Person with respect to which neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has any direct or indirect obligation (a) to subscribe for additional Equity Interests or (b) to maintain or preserve such Person’s financial condition; and

(4)                                 has not guaranteed or otherwise become an obligor on any Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, except to the extent such guarantee or obligation would be released upon such designation and except for (x) any Non-Recourse Debt with respect to which the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has pledged (or provided a guarantee limited in recourse solely to) Equity Interests in such Subsidiary or (y) any guarantee of the Notes and the Subsidiary Guarantees.

except, in the case of (1), (2), (3) or (4), for any such Indebtedness that is subject to a guarantee by or other obligation of, or any agreement, contract, arrangement or understanding with, or any equity subscription or credit support obligation of, the Company or Restricted Subsidiary that constitutes an Investment in such Subsidiary that has been effected as a Restricted Payment, Permitted Payment or Permitted Investment that complies with Section 4.07.

Each Subsidiary of an Unrestricted Subsidiary shall also be an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

“Volumetric Production Payments” means production payment obligations recorded as deferred revenue in accordance with GAAP, together with all related undertakings and obligations.

“Voting Stock” of any specified Person as of any date means the Capital Stock of such Person that is at the time entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency and after giving effect to any voting agreement or stockholders’ agreement that effectively transfers voting power) to vote in the election of members of the Board of Directors of such Person; provided that with respect to a limited partnership or other entity which does not have a Board of Directors, Voting Stock means the Capital Stock of the general partner of such limited partnership or other business entity with the ultimate authority to manage the business and operations of such Person.

“Weighted Average Life to Maturity” means, when applied to any Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock at any date, the number of years obtained by dividing:

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(1)                                 the sum of the products obtained by multiplying (a) the amount of each then remaining installment, sinking fund, serial maturity or other required payments of principal or (with respect to Preferred Stock) redemption or similar payment, including payment at final maturity or redemption, in respect of the Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock, by (b) the number of years (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth) that will elapse between such date and the making of such payment; by

(2)                                 the then outstanding aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock.

Section 1.02                             Other Definitions.

Section 1.03                             [Reserved].

Section 1.04                             Rules of Construction.

Unless the context otherwise requires:

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(1)                                 a term has the meaning assigned to it;

(2)                                 an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP;

(3)                                 words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular;

(4)                                 the meanings of the words “will” and “shall” are the same when used to express an obligation;

(5)                                 references to sections of or rules under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act shall be deemed to include substitute, replacement or successor sections or rules adopted by the SEC from time to time;

(6)                                 “herein,” “hereof” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole (as amended or supplemented from time to time) and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision of this Indenture; and

(7)                                 “including” means “including, without limitation.”

ARTICLE TWO
THE NOTES

Section 2.01                             Form and Dating.

Provisions relating to the Initial Notes are set forth in the Rule 144A/Regulation S Appendix attached hereto (the “Appendix”) which is hereby incorporated in and expressly made part of this Indenture.  The Initial Notes and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication therefor shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit 1 to the Appendix, which is hereby incorporated in and expressly made a part of this Indenture.  The Notes may have notations, legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange rule, or agreements to which the Company is subject, if any, (provided that any such notation, legend or endorsement is in a form acceptable to the Company).  Each Note shall be dated the date of its authentication.  The terms of the Notes set forth in the Appendix are part of the terms of this Indenture. Subject to compliance with Section 4.09, the aggregate principal amount of the Notes that may be issued under this Indenture is unlimited. To the extent any provision of the Notes conflicts with any provision of this Indenture, the provisions of this Indenture shall govern and be controlling.

Section 2.02                             Execution and Authentication.

An Officer of the Company shall sign the Notes on behalf of the Company by manual or facsimile signature.

If an Officer of the Company whose signature is on a Note no longer holds that office at the time the Trustee authenticates the Note, the Note shall be valid nevertheless.

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A Note shall not be valid until an authorized signatory of the Trustee manually signs the certificate of authentication on the Note.  The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Note has been authenticated under this Indenture.

On the Initial Issuance Date, upon receipt of a written order of the Company, the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver $500,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 7.25% Senior Secured First Lien Notes due 2023 for original issue and, at any time and from time to time thereafter, the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver Additional Notes for original issue in an aggregate principal amount specified in a written order of the Company.  Such order shall specify the aggregate principal amount of the Notes to be authenticated, the date on which the original issue of Notes is to be authenticated and to whom the Notes shall be registered and delivered and, in the case of an issuance of Additional Notes pursuant to Section 2.13 after the Initial Issuance Date, shall certify that such issuance is in compliance with Section 4.09.

The Trustee shall also authenticate and deliver Notes at the times and in the manner specified in Sections 2.06, 2.07, 2.09, 3.06, 3.09, 4.10, 4.15 and 9.05 and Sections 2.3 and 2.4 of the Appendix.

The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent reasonably acceptable to the Company to authenticate the Notes.  Unless limited by the terms of such appointment, an authenticating agent may authenticate Notes whenever the Trustee may do so.  Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent.  An authenticating agent has the same rights as any Registrar, Paying Agent or agent for service of notices and demands.

Section 2.03                             Registrar and Paying Agent.

The Company shall at all times maintain an office or agency in the United States where Notes may be presented for registration of transfer or for exchange (the “Registrar”) and an office or agency in the United States where Notes may be presented for payment (the “Paying Agent”).  The Registrar shall keep a register of the Notes and of their transfer and exchange (the “Register”).  The Company may have one or more co-registrars and one or more additional paying agents.  The term “Registrar” includes any co-registrar, and the term “Paying Agent” includes any additional paying agent.

The Company shall enter into an appropriate agency agreement with any Registrar or Paying Agent not a party to this Indenture.  The agreement shall implement the provisions of this Indenture that relate to such agent.  The Company shall notify the Trustee of the name and address of any such agent.  If the Company fails to maintain a Registrar or Paying Agent, the Trustee shall act as such and shall be entitled to appropriate compensation therefor pursuant to Section 7.07.  The Company or any Subsidiary may act as Paying Agent or Registrar.

The Company initially appoints the Trustee as Registrar and Paying Agent in connection with the Notes at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.

Section 2.04                             Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.

Prior to 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on each due date of the principal, premium, if any, and interest on any Note, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent a sum sufficient

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to pay such principal, premium, if any, and interest when so becoming due.  The Company shall require each Paying Agent (other than the Trustee) to agree in writing that the Paying Agent shall hold in trust for the benefit of Noteholders or the Trustee all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Notes and shall notify the Trustee of any default by the Company in making any such payment.  If the Company or a Subsidiary acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate the money held by it as Paying Agent and hold it as a separate trust fund for the benefit of the Trustee and the Noteholders.  The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee and to account for any funds disbursed by the Paying Agent.  Upon complying with this Section, the Paying Agent shall have no further liability for the money delivered to the Trustee. Upon any bankruptcy or reorganization proceedings relating to the Company, the Trustee will serve as Paying Agent.

Section 2.05                             Noteholder Lists.

The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Noteholders.  If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee in writing, at least five Business Days before each interest payment date and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, a list in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of Noteholders.

Section 2.06                             Transfer and Exchange.

The Notes shall be issued in registered form and shall be transferable only upon the surrender of a Note for registration of transfer.  When a Note is presented to the Registrar with a request to register a transfer, the Registrar shall register the transfer as requested if the requirements of this Indenture and Section 8-401(a) of the Uniform Commercial Code are met.  When Notes are presented to the Registrar with a request to exchange them for an equal principal amount of Notes of other authorized denominations, the Registrar shall make the exchange as requested if the same requirements are met.  The Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any taxes, assessments or other governmental charges in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange (other than any such transfer taxes, assessments or similar governmental charge payable upon exchange not involving any transfer pursuant to this Section or Sections 2.07, 2.09, 3.06, 3.09, 4.10, 4.15 or 9.05 of this Indenture or Sections 2.3 and 2.4 of the Appendix).

Section 2.07                             Replacement Notes.

If any mutilated Note is surrendered to the Trustee, or the Company and the Trustee receive evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Note, and such other reasonable requirements as may be imposed by the Company as permitted by Section 8-405 of the Uniform Commercial Code have been satisfied, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Note has been acquired by a “protected purchaser” within the meaning of Section 8-405 of the Uniform Commercial Code, the Company will issue and the Trustee, upon receipt of a written order of the Company, will authenticate a replacement Note if the Holder satisfies any other reasonable requirements of the Trustee.  If required by the Trustee or the Company, such Holder shall furnish an indemnity bond sufficient in the judgment of the

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Company and the Trustee to protect the Company, the Trustee, the Paying Agent and the Registrar from any loss which any of them may suffer if a Note is replaced.  The Company and the Trustee may charge the Holder for their expenses in replacing a Note.  In the event any such Note shall have matured, instead of issuing a new Note, the Company may direct the Trustee to pay the same without surrender thereof upon the Holder furnishing the Company and the Trustee with an indemnity bond satisfactory to them and complying with such other reasonable regulations as the Trustee may prescribe and paying such reasonable expenses as the Company and the Trustee may incur in connection therewith.

Every replacement Note is an additional obligation of the Company.

Section 2.08                             Outstanding Notes.

Notes outstanding at any time are all Notes authenticated by the Trustee except for those canceled by it, those delivered to it for cancellation and those described in this Section as not outstanding.  Except as otherwise provided herein, a Note does not cease to be outstanding because the Company or an Affiliate of the Company holds the Note.

If a Note is replaced pursuant to Section 2.07, it ceases to be outstanding unless the Trustee, any provider of an indemnity bond and the Company receive proof satisfactory to them that the replaced Note is held by a protected purchaser within the meaning of Section 8-405 of the Uniform Commercial Code.

If the Paying Agent segregates and holds in trust, in accordance with this Indenture, by 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on a redemption date or other maturity date money sufficient to pay all principal, interest and premium, if any, payable on that date with respect to the Notes (or portions thereof) to be redeemed or maturing, as the case may be, then on and after that date such Notes (or portions thereof) shall cease to be outstanding and interest on them shall cease to accrue.

Section 2.09                             Temporary Notes.

Until definitive Notes are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and the Trustee, upon receipt of a written order of the Company, shall authenticate temporary Notes.  Temporary Notes shall be substantially in the form of definitive Notes but may have variations that the Company considers appropriate for temporary Notes.  Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate definitive Notes and deliver them in exchange for temporary Notes.

Section 2.10                             Cancellation.

The Company at any time may deliver Notes to the Trustee for cancellation.  The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Notes surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange, replacement or payment.  The Trustee and no one else shall cancel all Notes surrendered for registration of transfer, exchange, replacement, payment or cancellation and will destroy canceled Notes (subject to the record retention requirement of the Exchange Act).  Certification of the disposition of all canceled Notes shall be delivered to the

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Company.  The Company may not issue new Notes to replace Notes it has paid or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.

Section 2.11                             Defaulted Interest.

If the Company defaults in a payment of interest on the Notes, the Company shall pay defaulted interest (plus interest on such defaulted interest to the extent lawful) in any lawful manner at the rate provided in the Notes.  The Company may pay the defaulted interest to the Persons who are Holders on a subsequent special record date.  The Company shall fix or cause to be fixed any such special record date and payment date to the reasonable satisfaction of the Trustee and shall promptly mail to each Holder a notice that states the special record date, the payment date and the amount of defaulted interest to be paid.

Section 2.12                             CUSIP Numbers.

The Company in issuing the Notes may use “CUSIP” numbers and corresponding “ISINs” (if then generally in use) and, if so, the Trustee shall use “CUSIP” numbers and corresponding “ISINs” in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders; provided, however, that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Notes or as contained in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Notes, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers.

Section 2.13                             Issuance of Additional Notes.

The Company shall be entitled, subject to its compliance with Section 4.09, to issue Additional Notes under this Indenture which Additional Notes shall be part of the same series as the Initial Notes issued on the Initial Issuance Date, rank equally with the Initial Notes and shall have identical terms as the Initial Notes issued on the Initial Issuance Date in all respects, other than with respect to (a) the date of issuance, (b) the issue price, (c) the date from which interest begins to accrue and (d) the initial interest payment date.  The Initial Notes and any Additional Notes issued upon original issue under this Indenture shall be treated as a single class for all purposes under this Indenture, including waivers, consents, directions, declarations, amendments, redemptions and offers to purchase; and none of the Holders of any Initial Notes or any Additional Notes shall have the right to vote or consent as a separate class on any matter to which such Holders are entitled to vote or consent.

With respect to any Additional Notes, the Company shall set forth in an Officers’ Certificate, which shall be delivered to the Trustee, the following information:

(1)                                 the aggregate principal amount of such Additional Notes to be authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture; and

(2)                                 the issue price, the issue date (and the corresponding date from which interest shall accrue thereon and the first interest payment date therefor) and the CUSIP number and any corresponding ISIN of such Additional Notes.

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Notwithstanding anything else herein, with respect to any Additional Notes issued subsequent to the Date of this Indenture, when the context requires, all provisions of this Indenture shall be construed and interpreted to permit the issuance of such Additional Notes and to allow such Additional Notes to be part of the same series as the Initial Notes originally issued under this Indenture.  Indebtedness represented by Additional Notes shall be subject to the covenants contained in this Indenture.

Section 2.14                             Computation of Interest.

Interest on the Notes shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.

Section 2.15                             Persons Deemed Owners.

Prior to due presentment of a Note for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee, any Agent or any other agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name such Note is registered as the absolute owner of such Note for the purpose of receiving payment of principal, premium, if any, and interest on, such Note and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Note be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee, any Agent nor any other agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

ARTICLE THREE
REDEMPTION AND PREPAYMENT

Section 3.01                             Notices to Trustee.

If the Company elects to redeem Notes pursuant to the optional redemption provisions of Section 3.07 hereof, it shall furnish to the Trustee, at least five (5) Business Days (unless a shorter period shall be agreeable to the Trustee) before the date of giving notice of the redemption pursuant to Section 3.03, a written notice setting forth (i) the clause of Section 3.07 pursuant to which the redemption shall occur, (ii) the proposed redemption date, (iii) the aggregate principal amount of Notes to be redeemed, and (iv) whether the Company requests that the Trustee give notice of such redemption.  Any such notice to the Trustee may be cancelled at any time prior to the giving of notice of such redemption to any Holder and shall thereupon be void and of no effect.

Section 3.02                             Selection of Notes to Be Redeemed.

If less than all of the Notes are to be redeemed at any time, the Trustee shall select the Notes to be redeemed among the Holders of the Notes as follows: (1) if the Notes are listed on any national securities exchange, in compliance with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange on which the Notes are listed unless otherwise required by law or applicable depository requirements; or (2) if the Notes are not listed on any national securities exchange, on a pro rata basis, subject to the authorized denomination for the Notes (or, in the case of Global Notes, the Trustee shall select Notes for redemption based on DTC’s method that most nearly approximates a pro rata selection) unless otherwise required by law or applicable depository requirements.  In the event of partial redemption other than on a pro rata basis, the particular Notes to be redeemed shall be selected by the Trustee, not less than five (5) Business Days prior

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to the giving of notice of the redemption pursuant to Section 3.03, from the outstanding Notes not previously called for redemption.

The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the Notes selected for redemption and, in the case of any Note selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed.  Notes and portions of Notes selected shall be in amounts of $2,000 or whole multiples of $1,000 in excess of $2,000; except that if all of the Notes of a Holder are to be redeemed, the entire outstanding amount of Notes held by such Holder, even if not in amounts of $2,000 or a whole multiple of $1,000, shall be redeemed.  Provisions of this Indenture that apply to Notes called for redemption also apply to portions of Notes called for redemption.

The provisions of the preceding paragraph of this Section 3.02 shall not apply with respect to any redemption affecting only a Global Note, whether such Global Note is to be redeemed in whole or in part.  In case of any such redemption in part, the unredeemed portion of the principal amount of the Global Note shall be in an authorized denomination.

Section 3.03                             Notice of Redemption.

At least 30 days but not more than 60 days before a redemption date (except that redemption notices may be given more than 60 days prior to a redemption date if the notice is issued in connection with a Legal Defeasance, Covenant Defeasance or Discharge), the Company shall give a notice of redemption to each Holder whose Notes are to be redeemed to its registered address.

The notice shall identify the Notes to be redeemed and shall state:

(a)                                 the redemption date;

(b)                                 the redemption price or, if the redemption price is not then determinable, the manner in which it is to be determined;

(c)                                  if any Note is being redeemed in part, the portion of the principal amount of such Note to be redeemed and that, after the redemption date upon surrender of such Note, a replacement Note or Notes in a principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion shall be issued in the name of the applicable Holder upon cancellation of the original Note;

(d)                                 the name and address of the Paying Agent;

(e)                                  that Notes called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the redemption price;

(f)                                   that, unless the Company defaults in making such redemption payment and interest on Notes called for redemption shall cease to accrue on and after the redemption date and the only remaining right of the Holders of such Notes is to receive payment of the redemption price upon surrender to the Paying Agent of the Notes redeemed;

(g)                                  the Section of this Indenture pursuant to which the Notes called for redemption are being redeemed; and

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(h)                                 that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP or ISIN number, if any, listed in such notice or printed on the Notes.

If any of the Notes to be redeemed is in the form of a Global Note, then the Company shall modify such notice to the extent necessary to accord with the procedures of the Depository applicable to redemption.

At the Company’s request, the Trustee shall give the notice of optional redemption in the Company’s name and at its expense; provided, however, that the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee, as provided in Section 3.01, written notice requesting that the Trustee give such notice and a form of such notice of optional redemption.

Section 3.04                             Effect of Notice of Redemption.

Once notice of redemption is given in accordance with Section 3.03 hereof, subject to the following sentence, Notes called for redemption become irrevocably due and payable on the applicable redemption date at the applicable redemption price.  Notice of any redemption, including upon an Equity Offering, may, at the Company’s discretion, be subject to one or more conditions precedent, including completion of a related Equity Offering.  If given in the manner provided for in Section 3.03, the notice of redemption shall be conclusively presumed to have been delivered whether or not a Holder receives such notice.

Section 3.05                             Deposit of Redemption Price.

Prior to 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the redemption date, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent (or, if the Company or a Subsidiary thereof is acting as its own Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 2.04 hereof) money sufficient in same day funds to pay the redemption price of and accrued interest on all Notes to be redeemed on that date.  The Paying Agent shall promptly return to the Company any money deposited with the Paying Agent by the Company in excess of the amounts necessary to pay the redemption price of and accrued interest on all Notes to be redeemed.

If the Company complies with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, on and after the redemption date, interest shall cease to accrue on the Notes or the portions of Notes called for redemption whether or not such Notes are presented for payment, and the only remaining right of the Holders of such Notes shall be to receive payment of the redemption price upon surrender to the Paying Agent of the Notes redeemed.  If any Note called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender for redemption because of the failure of the Company to comply with the preceding paragraph, interest shall be paid on the unpaid principal and premium, if any, from the redemption date until such amount is paid, and to the extent lawful, on any interest not paid on such unpaid principal, in each case at the rate provided in the Notes and in Section 4.01 hereof.

Section 3.06                             Notes Redeemed in Part.

Upon surrender of a Note that is redeemed in part, the Company shall issue in the name of the applicable Holder and the Trustee shall authenticate for such Holder at the expense of the Company a replacement Note equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Note surrendered.

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Section 3.07                             Optional Redemption.

(a)                                 Except as set forth in clauses (b), (c) and (d) of this Section 3.07, the Company shall not have the option to redeem the Notes pursuant to this Section 3.07 prior to February 15, 2020.  On or after February 15, 2020, on any one or more occasions, the Company shall have the option to redeem the Notes, in whole or in part at any time, at the redemption prices (expressed as percentages of principal amount of the Notes redeemed) set forth below, plus accrued and unpaid interest on the Notes redeemed to the applicable redemption date (subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the redemption date), if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on February 15 of the years indicated below:

(b)                                 Notwithstanding the provisions of clause (a) of this Section 3.07, at any time prior to        2020, the Company may on one or more occasions redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of Notes (including any Additional Notes) issued under this Indenture at a redemption price of 107.25% of the principal amount of the Notes redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the redemption date (subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the redemption date), in an amount not greater than the net cash proceeds of one or more Equity Offerings, provided that, with respect to each such redemption:

(i)                                     at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of Notes (including any Additional Notes) originally issued under this Indenture remains outstanding immediately after the occurrence of such redemption (excluding any Notes held by the Company and its Subsidiaries); and

(ii)                                  such redemption occurs within 180 days after the date of the closing of the related Equity Offering.

(c)                                  Prior to February 15, 2020, the Company may redeem on one or more occasions all or part of the Notes at a redemption price equal to the sum of:

(i)                                     the principal amount thereof, plus

(ii)                                  the Make Whole Premium at the redemption date, plus

(iii)                               accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date (subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the redemption date).

(d)                                 The Notes may also be redeemed, as a whole, following certain Change of Control Offers, at the redemption price and subject to the conditions set forth in the last paragraph of Section 4.15 hereof.

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(e)                                  Any redemption pursuant to this Section 3.07 shall be made pursuant to the provisions of Section 3.01 through Section 3.06 hereof.

Section 3.08                             Mandatory Redemption.

Except as set forth under Sections 4.10 and 4.15 hereof, the Company shall not be required to make mandatory redemption or sinking fund payments with respect to the Notes or to repurchase the Notes at the option of the Holders.

Section 3.09                             Offer to Purchase by Application of Excess Proceeds.

In the event that, pursuant to Section 4.10 hereof, the Company shall be required to commence an offer to all Holders to purchase Notes (an “Asset Sale Offer”), it shall follow the procedures specified below.

The Asset Sale Offer shall remain open for a period of 20 Business Days following its commencement and no longer, except to the extent that a longer period is required by Applicable Law (the “Offer Period”).  No later than five Business Days after the termination of the Offer Period (the “Settlement Date”), the Company shall purchase and pay for the principal amount of Notes required to be purchased pursuant to Section 4.10 hereof (the “Offer Amount”) or, if less than the Offer Amount has been validly tendered (and not validly withdrawn), all Notes validly tendered (and not validly withdrawn) in response to the Asset Sale Offer.  Payment for any Notes so purchased shall be made in the manner prescribed in the Notes.

Upon the commencement of an Asset Sale Offer, the Company shall send, by first class mail or the Applicable Procedures, a notice to each of the Holders, with a copy to the Trustee.  The notice shall contain all instructions and materials necessary to enable such Holders to tender Notes pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer.  The Asset Sale Offer shall be made to all Holders.  The notice, which shall govern the terms of the Asset Sale Offer, shall state:

(a)                                 that the Asset Sale Offer is being made pursuant to this Section 3.09 and Section 4.10 hereof and the length of time the Asset Sale Offer shall remain open, including the time and date the Asset Sale Offer will terminate (the “Termination Date”);

(b)                                 the Offer Amount and the purchase price;

(c)                                  that any Note not tendered or accepted for payment shall continue to accrue interest;

(d)                                 that, unless the Company defaults in paying the offer amount, any Note accepted for purchase pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer shall cease to accrue interest on or after the Settlement Date;

(e)                                  that Holders electing to have a Note purchased pursuant to any Asset Sale Offer shall be required to surrender the Note, together with the form entitled “Option of Holder to Elect Purchase” on the reverse of the Note completed and such customary documents as the Company may reasonably request, to the Company or a Paying Agent at the address specified in the notice, before the Termination Date;

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(f)                                   that Holders shall be entitled to withdraw their election if the Company or the Paying Agent, as the case may be, receives, prior to the Termination Date, a telegram, facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of the Holder, the principal amount of the Note the Holder delivered for purchase, and a statement that such Holder is withdrawing his election to have such Note purchased;

(g)                                  that, if the aggregate principal amount of Notes surrendered by Holders, and Priority Lien Debt surrendered by holders or lenders, collectively, exceeds the amount the Company is required to repurchase, the Trustee shall select the Notes and the applicable agent or trustee for the Priority Lien Debt shall select the Priority Lien Debt to be purchased on a pro rata basis on the basis of the aggregate principal amount of tendered Notes and Priority Lien Debt (with such adjustments as may be deemed appropriate by the Trustee so that only Notes in minimum denominations of $2,000, or integral multiples of $1,000 in excess of $2,000, shall be purchased); and

(h)                                 that Holders whose Notes were purchased only in part shall be issued new Notes equal in principal amount to the unpurchased portion of the Notes surrendered, which unpurchased portion must be equal to $2,000 in principal amount or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess of $2,000.

If any of the Notes subject to an Asset Sale Offer is in the form of a Global Note, then the Company shall modify such notice to the extent necessary to accord with the procedures of the Depository applicable to repurchases.

Promptly after the Termination Date, the Company shall, to the extent lawful, accept for payment Notes or portions thereof validly tendered (and not validly withdrawn) pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer in the aggregate principal amount required by Section 4.10 hereof, and prior to the Settlement Date it shall deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that such Notes or portions thereof were accepted for payment by the Company in accordance with the terms of this Section 3.09 and Section 4.10.

Prior to 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Settlement Date, the Company or the Paying Agent, as the case may be, shall mail or deliver to each tendering Holder (or, if any Notes are then in global form, it will promptly make such payment thereon through the facilities of DTC) an amount equal to the purchase price of the Notes tendered by such Holder and accepted by the Company for purchase, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the Settlement Date, subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the Settlement Date, and the Company shall issue, and the Trustee shall authenticate and mail or deliver (or cause to be transferred by book entry) to the surrendering Holder of any Notes purchased only in part a new Note in a principal amount equal to any unpurchased portion of the Note surrendered.  Any Note not so accepted shall be promptly mailed or delivered by the Company to the Holder thereof.  The Company shall publicly announce the results of the Asset Sale Offer on or before the Settlement Date.

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ARTICLE FOUR
COVENANTS

Section 4.01                             Payment of Notes.

The Company shall pay or cause to be paid the principal of, interest and premium, if any, on, the Notes on the dates and in the manner provided in the Notes.  Principal, interest and premium, if any, shall be considered paid on the date due if the Paying Agent, if other than the Company or a Subsidiary thereof, holds as of 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the due date money deposited by the Company or a Guarantor in immediately available funds and designated for and sufficient to pay all principal, interest and premium, if any, then due.

The Company shall pay interest (including post-petition interest in any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law) on overdue principal and premium, if any, at the rate specified therefor in the Notes to the extent lawful; and it shall pay interest (including post-petition interest in any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law) on overdue installments of interest (without regard to any applicable grace period), at the same rate to the extent lawful.

The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining satisfaction and discharge with respect to the Notes or for any other purpose, pay, or direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same terms as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such money.

Subject to any applicable escheat laws, any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Note and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal, and premium, if any, or interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the Company on its request, or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Note shall thereafter look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, shall, at the expense of the Company, cause to be published once, in The New York Times or The Wall Street Journal (national edition), notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.

Section 4.02                             Maintenance of Office or Agency.

The Company shall maintain an office or agency (which may be an office of the Trustee or an affiliate of the Trustee) where Notes may be presented or surrendered for payment, and it shall maintain an office or agency in the United States (which may be an office of the Trustee or an affiliate of the Trustee) where Notes may be surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Notes and this Indenture may be served.  The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of

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the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency.  If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.

The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Notes may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations.  Further, if at any time there shall be no such office or agency where the Notes may be presented or surrendered for payment, the Company shall forthwith designate and maintain such an office or agency, in order that the Notes shall at all times be payable.  The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.

The Company hereby designates the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee as one such office or agency of the Company in accordance with Section 2.03.

With respect to any Global Notes, the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee shall be the office or agency where such Global Notes may be presented or surrendered for payment or for registration of transfer or exchange, or where successor Notes may be delivered in exchange therefor; provided, however, that any such presentation, surrender or delivery effected pursuant to the Applicable Procedures of the Depository shall be deemed to have been effected at such office or agency in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.

Section 4.03                             Reports.

(a)                                 Notwithstanding that the Company may not be subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act, so long as any Notes are outstanding, the Company will file with the SEC for public availability within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and regulations (unless the Commission will not accept such a filing, in which case the Company will deliver to the Trustee, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations, and upon its prior written request to the Company, to any Holder or beneficial owner of Notes):

(i)                                     all quarterly and annual financial information with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries that would be required to be contained in a filing with the Commission on Forms 10-Q and 10-K if the Company were required to file such Forms, including a “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and, with respect to the annual information only, a report thereon by the Company’s certified independent accountants;

(ii)                                  all current reports that would be required to be filed with the Commission on Form 8-K if the Company were required to file such reports; and

(iii)                               within 60 days following the end of each fiscal year of the Company and 45 days after the end of the second fiscal quarter of the Company, the Company shall furnish or make available to the Trustee and each Holder:  (a) a Reserve Report evaluating, as of the immediately preceding December 31 (or January 1) or June 30, as applicable, the Proved Reserves of the Company and Guarantors, which Reserve Report,

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in the case of each December 31 (or January 1) report shall be prepared or audited by the Company’s independent reserve engineers and in the case of each other Reserve Report shall be prepared internally by the Company; and (b) an Officers’ Certificate certifying that in all material respects: (i) such Reserve Report has been prepared in accordance with the procedures used in the immediately preceding December 31 (or January 1) Reserve Report; (ii) the information contained in the Reserve Report and any other information delivered in connection therewith is true and correct in all material respects; and (iii) none of the Proved Reserves included in such Reserve Report have been transferred, assigned or otherwise disposed of since the date of such Reserve Report except for those Oil and Gas Properties described in such certificate as having been disposed of.

(b)                                 For as long as the Notes remain outstanding and constitute “restricted securities” within the meaning of Rule 144, if at any time the Company is not filing the reports required by this Section 4.03 with the SEC, the Company shall deliver to the Holders of the Notes, and to prospective investors in the Notes, upon their request, the information required to be delivered pursuant to Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act.

(c)                                  If the Company has designated any of its Subsidiaries as Unrestricted Subsidiaries (other than Unrestricted Subsidiaries that, when taken together with all other Unrestricted Subsidiaries, are “minor” within the meaning of Rule 3-10 of Regulation S-X), then, to the extent material, the quarterly and annual financial information required by paragraph (a) of this Section 4.03 shall include a reasonably detailed presentation, either on the face of the financial statements or in the footnotes to the financial statements and in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of the financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries separate from the financial condition and results of operations of the Unrestricted Subsidiaries.

(d)                                 The availability of the information or reports required by paragraph (a) of this Section 4.03 on the Commission’s ▇▇▇▇▇ filing system shall be deemed to satisfy all filing and delivery requirements hereunder.

(e)                                  The Company will be deemed to have delivered to the Holders (or beneficial owners) and to the prospective investors the information or reports referred to in Section 4.03(a)(i) and (ii) or the information referred to in Section 4.03(b) if the Company has posted such information or reports on the Company Website.  For purposes of this Section 4.03 the term “Company Website” means the collection of web pages that may be accessed on the World Wide Web using the URL address ▇▇▇▇://▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇.▇▇▇ or such other address as the Company may from time to time designate in writing to the Trustee.

(f)                                   This covenant does not impose any duty on the Company under the ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇ Act of 2002 and the related Commission rules that would not otherwise be applicable.

(g)                                  The Trustee shall receive and retain any financial reports and statements of the Company and its Subsidiaries delivered to the Trustee as provided herein, but shall have no duty to review or analyze such reports or statements to determine compliance with covenants or other obligations of the Company and the Guarantors under this Indenture.

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Section 4.04                             Compliance Certificate.

(a)                                 The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year ending on or after December 31, 2018, an Officers’ Certificate stating that a review of the activities of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal year has been made under the supervision of the signing Officers with a view to determining whether the Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled its obligations under this Indenture, and further stating, as to each such Officer signing such certificate, that, to the best of his or her knowledge, the Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled each and every covenant contained in this Indenture and is not in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions of this Indenture (or, if a Default or Event of Default shall have occurred, describing all such Defaults or Events of Default of which he or she may have knowledge, their status and what action the Company is taking or proposes to take in respect thereof).

(b)                                 The Company shall, so long as any of the Notes are outstanding, deliver to the Trustee, within 30 days of any Company Officer becoming aware of any Default or Event of Default, unless such Default or Event of Default has been cured before the end of the 30-day period, written notice specifying such Default or Event of Default, its status and what action the Company is taking or proposes to take in respect thereof.

Section 4.05                             Taxes.

The Company shall pay, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to pay, prior to delinquency, all material taxes, assessments, and governmental levies except such as are contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings or where the failure to effect such payment is not adverse in any material respect to the Holders of the Notes.

Section 4.06                             Stay, Extension and Usury Laws.

The Company and each of the Guarantors covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it shall not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, that may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it shall not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but shall suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law has been enacted.

Section 4.07                             Limitation on Restricted Payments.

The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly:

(1)                                 declare or pay any dividend or make any other payment or distribution on account of the Company’s or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries’ Equity Interests (including, without limitation, any payment in connection with any merger or consolidation involving the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries) or to the holders of the Company’s or any of its Restricted

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Subsidiaries’ Equity Interests in their capacity as such (other than dividends, payments or distributions payable in Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company and dividends, payments or distributions payable to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary);

(2)                                 repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire or retire for value (including, without limitation, in connection with any merger or consolidation involving the Company) any Equity Interests of the Company or any direct or indirect parent of the Company (other than through the exchange therefor solely of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company and other than any acquisition or retirement for value from, or payment to, the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary);

(3)                                 make any payment on or with respect to, or purchase, repurchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value any Junior Lien Debt or Existing Unsecured Notes (including any unsecured Indebtedness incurred to refinance any such Indebtedness) or Indebtedness that is contractually subordinated in right of payment to the Notes or any Subsidiary Guarantee (excluding (a) any intercompany Indebtedness between or among the Company and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, (b) the payment on or purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value of Junior Lien Debt or Existing Unsecured Notes (or unsecured Indebtedness incurred to refinance any such Indebtedness) solely in an amount not greater than the net cash proceeds from a substantially concurrent incurrence of, or in exchange for, Junior Lien Debt or unsecured Indebtedness, (c) Junior Lien Debt, Existing Unsecured Notes (or unsecured Indebtedness incurred to refinance any such Indebtedness) or Indebtedness that is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees, in each case, acquired in anticipation of satisfying a sinking fund obligation, principal installment or final maturity, in each case due within one year of the date of purchase, repurchase or other acquisition or retirement for value, and (d) any payment of any installment of interest or principal at the Stated Maturity thereof); or

(4)                                 make any Restricted Investment (all such payments and other actions set forth in these clauses (1) through (4), other than any such action (“Permitted Payment”) expressly excluded from clauses (1), (2) and (3), above being collectively referred to as “Restricted Payments”),

unless, at the time of and after giving effect to such Restricted Payment:

(I)                                   no Default (except a Reporting Default) or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would occur as a consequence of such Restricted Payment;

(II)                              the Company would, at the time of such Restricted Payment and after giving pro forma effect thereto as if such Restricted Payment had been made at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, have been permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional indebtedness pursuant to the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio test set forth in the first paragraph of Section 4.09 hereof; and

(III)                         such Restricted Payment, together with the aggregate amount of all other Restricted Payments made by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries (excluding Restricted

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Payments permitted by clauses (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (8), (9), (10), (11), (12) and (13) of the next succeeding paragraph) after the Measurement Date, is less than the sum, without duplication, of:

(a)                                 50% of the Consolidated Net Income of the Company for the period (taken as one accounting period) from January 1, 2013 to the end of the Company’s most recently ended fiscal quarter for which internal financial statements are available at the time of such Restricted Payment (or, if such Consolidated Net Income for such period is a deficit, less 100% of such deficit), plus

(b)                                 100% of the aggregate net cash proceeds and the Fair Market Value of any Capital Stock of Persons engaged primarily in the Oil and Gas Business or any other assets that are used or useful in the Oil and Gas Business, in each case received by the Company after the Measurement Date as a contribution to its common equity capital or from the issue or sale of Equity Interests of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock) or received by the Company from the issue or sale of convertible or exchangeable Disqualified Stock or convertible or exchangeable debt securities of the Company that have been converted into or exchanged for such Equity Interests since the Measurement Date or from the issue or sale of options, warrants or rights to purchase such Equity Interests that have been exercised for such Equity Interests since the Measurement Date (other than, in either case, Equity Interests (or Disqualified Stock or debt securities) sold to a Restricted Subsidiary), plus

(c)                                  to the extent that any Restricted Investment made since the Measurement Date is sold or otherwise liquidated or repaid, 100% of the aggregate cash, and the Fair Market Value of any property other than cash, constituting the return of capital to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to such Restricted Investment (less the cost of disposition, if any), plus

(d)                                 an amount equal to (x) the net reduction in Restricted Investments since the Measurement Date resulting from dividends, distributions, redemptions or repurchases, proceeds of sales or other dispositions thereof, interest payments, repayments of loans or advances, releases of guarantees or other transfers of assets (including transfers as a result of a merger or liquidation), in each case to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries from any Person (including, without limitation, Unrestricted Subsidiaries) in respect of Restricted Investments plus (y) with respect to any Unrestricted Subsidiary redesignated as, or merged into, a Restricted Subsidiary since the Measurement Date, the Fair Market Value of the interest of the Company or Restricted Subsidiary in such Unrestricted Subsidiary at the time of redesignation of such Unrestricted Subsidiary as, or merger of such Unrestricted Subsidiary into, such Restricted Subsidiary, in each case to the extent such amounts have not been included in Consolidated Net Income of the Company for such period, plus,

(e)                                  to the extent not included in clause (d), any dividends received in cash by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries since April 1, 2013 from an Unrestricted Subsidiary to the extent such dividends were not otherwise included in the Consolidated Net Income of the Company for such period.

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The preceding provisions will not prohibit any of the following actions:

(1)                                 the payment of any dividend or distribution or the consummation of any redemption within 60 days after the date of declaration, or giving of the redemption notice, as the case may be, if at the date of declaration or notice, the payment or redemption would have complied with the provisions of this Indenture;

(2)                                 the payment on purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value of any Junior Lien Debt or Existing Unsecured Notes (including any unsecured Indebtedness incurred to refinance any such Indebtedness) or any subordinated Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor or of any Equity Interests of the Company in exchange for, or in an amount not greater than the net cash proceeds of the substantially concurrent (a) contribution (other than from a Restricted Subsidiary) to the equity capital of the Company or (b) sale (other than to a Restricted Subsidiary) of Equity Interests of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock); provided, however, that the amount of any such net cash proceeds that are utilized for any such repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value will be excluded from clause III(b) of the first paragraph of this Section 4.07;

(3)                                 the payment on or purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value of any Junior Lien Debt or Existing Unsecured Notes (including any unsecured Indebtedness incurred to refinance any such Indebtedness) or any subordinated Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor, in each case, solely in an amount not greater than the net cash proceeds from a substantially concurrent incurrence of, or in exchange for, Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness;

(4)                                 the payment of any dividend or distribution by a Restricted Subsidiary to the holders of such Restricted Subsidiary’s Equity Interests on a pro rata basis;

(5)                                 so long as no Default (other than a Reporting Default) or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would be caused thereby, the repurchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for value of any Equity Interests of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary pursuant to any director or employee equity subscription agreement or equity option agreement or other employee benefit plan or to satisfy obligations under any Equity Interests appreciation rights or option plan or similar arrangement; provided, however, that the aggregate price paid for all such repurchased, redeemed, acquired or retired Equity Interests may not exceed $10.0 million in any calendar year (with any portion of such $10.0 million amount that is unused in any calendar year to be carried forward to successive calendar years and added to such amount) plus, to the extent not previously applied or included,

(a)                                 the cash proceeds received by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries from sales of Equity Interests of the Company to employees or directors of the Company or its Affiliates that occur after the Measurement Date (to the extent the cash proceeds from the sale of such Equity Interests have not otherwise been applied to the payment of Restricted Payments by virtue of clause (III)(b) of the first paragraph of this Section 4.07); and

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(b)                                 the cash proceeds of key man life insurance policies received by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries after the Measurement Date;

(6)                                 the payment on or purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value of Indebtedness that is any Junior Lien Debt or Existing Unsecured Notes (including any unsecured Indebtedness incurred to refinance any such Indebtedness) or Indebtedness that is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes or a Subsidiary Guarantee at a purchase price not greater than (i) 101% of the principal amount of such Indebtedness in the event of a Change of Control or (ii) 100% of the principal amount of such Indebtedness in the event of an Asset Sale, in each case plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, in connection with any Change of Control Offer or asset sale offer required by the terms of such Indebtedness, but only if:

(a)                                 in the case of a Change of Control, the Company has first complied with and fully satisfied its obligations under Section 4.15; or

(b)                                 in the case of an Asset Sale, the Company has complied with and fully satisfied its obligations in accordance with Section 4.10;

(7)                                 the purchase, repurchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for value of Equity Interests of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary representing fractional shares of such Equity Interests in connection with a merger or consolidation involving the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary or any other transaction permitted by this Indenture;

(8)                                 repurchases of Equity Interests deemed to occur upon the exercise or conversion of stock options, restricted stock, phantom stock, warrants, incentives, rights to acquire Equity Interests or other derivative securities if such Equity Interests represent a portion of the exercise, exchange or conversion price thereof;

(9)                                 the repurchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for value of any Equity Interests of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary held by any current or former officers, directors or employees of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or Affiliates in connection with the exercise or vesting of any equity compensation (including, without limitation, stock options, restricted stock, phantom stock, warrants, incentives, rights to acquire Equity Interests or other derivative securities) for services for the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in order to satisfy any tax withholding obligation with respect to such exercise or vesting;

(10)                          any payments in connection with a consolidation, merger or transfer of assets in connection with a transaction that is not prohibited by this Indenture not to exceed $5.0 million in the aggregate after the Measurement Date;

(11)                          the declaration and payment of regularly scheduled or accrued dividends to holders of any class of Disqualified Stock of the Company or any Preferred Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary issued on or after the Measurement Date in accordance with the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio test described under Section 4.09 to the extent such dividends are included (a) as consolidated interest expense in clause (1) of the definition of “Fixed Charges” or (b) under clause (4) of the definition of “Fixed Charges”;

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(12)                          so long as no Default (other than a Reporting Default) or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would be caused thereby, any Restricted Payment, which when combined with the outstanding amount of all other Restricted Payments effected pursuant to this clause (12) since the Measurement Date, does not exceed $40.0 million; or

(13)                          the declaration or payment of scheduled or accrued dividends on the Existing Convertible Preferred Stock; or

(14)                          so long as no Default (other than a Reporting Default) or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would be caused thereby, (a) any optional payment on or purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value of any 2021 Notes or, if the 2021 Notes have been purchased, repurchased, redeemed, defeased or otherwise acquired or retired in full, 2023 Notes or (b) any Investment in SN UnSub, including for the purpose of investment in the Oil and Gas Properties of SN UnSub or making any payment on, or repurchasing, redeeming or otherwise acquiring or retiring for value, outstanding preferred units in SN UnSub, in each case, solely with the Net Proceeds from an Asset Sale to the extent permitted under clause (II) under the second paragraph of Section 4.15 herein.

The amount of all Restricted Payments (or payment or other transaction that, except for being a Permitted Payment or Permitted Investment, would constitute a Restricted Payment) (other than cash) will be the Fair Market Value, on the date of the Restricted Payment or other transaction, of the Restricted Investment proposed to be made or the asset(s) or securities proposed to be transferred or issued by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, as the case may be, pursuant to such Restricted Payment or other transaction.  The Fair Market Value of any Restricted Investment, assets or securities that are required to be valued by this covenant will be determined in accordance with the definition of that term.  For purposes of determining compliance with this Section 4.07, in the event that a Restricted Payment (or payment or other transaction that, except for being a Permitted Payment or Permitted Investment, would constitute a Restricted Payment) meets the criteria of more than one of the categories of Restricted Payments described in the preceding clauses (1)-(14), or is permitted pursuant to the first paragraph of this Section 4.07 or is a Permitted Payment or Permitted Investment, the Company will be permitted to divide or classify (or later divide, re-divide, classify or reclassify in whole or in part in its sole discretion) such Restricted Payment or such other transaction (or portion thereof) in any manner that complies with this Section 4.07.

For the purpose of this Section 4.07 and the definition of “Permitted Investments,” a contribution, sale or incurrence will be deemed to “substantially concurrent” if the related “Restricted Payment” or purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value or payment of principal or acquisition of assets or Capital Stock or other Investment occurs within 90 days before or after such contribution, sale or incurrence.

Section 4.08                             Limitation on Dividend and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries.

The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create or permit to exist or become effective any consensual encumbrance or restriction on the ability of any Restricted Subsidiary to:

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(1)                                 pay dividends or make any other distributions on its Capital Stock to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, or pay any Indebtedness or other obligations owed to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided that (i) the priority that any series of Preferred Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary has in receiving dividends or liquidating distributions before dividends or liquidating distributions are paid in respect of common stock of such Restricted Subsidiary shall not constitute a restriction on the ability to pay or make dividends or distributions on Capital Stock for purposes of this Section 4.08 and (ii) the subordination of indebtedness owed to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary to other indebtedness incurred by any Restricted Subsidiary shall not be deemed a restriction on the ability to pay indebtedness;

(2)                                 make loans or advances to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (it being understood that the subordination of loans or advances made to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary to other Indebtedness incurred by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary shall not be deemed a restriction on the ability to make loans or advances); or

(3)                                 sell, lease or transfer any of its properties or assets to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.

However, the preceding restrictions of this Section 4.08 will not apply to encumbrances or restrictions existing under or by reason of:

(1)                                 agreements (including in respect of any First Out Credit Facility and the indentures governing the Existing Unsecured Notes) as in effect on the Date of this Indenture and any amendments, modifications, restatements, renewals, increases, supplements, refundings, replacements or refinancings of those agreements (or the agreements referred to in this clause (1)), or the Indebtedness to which those agreements (or the agreements referred to in this clause (1)) relate, provided that the amendments, modifications, restatements, renewals, increases, supplements, refundings, replacements or refinancings are not materially more restrictive, taken as a whole, with respect to such dividend, distribution and other payment restrictions than those contained in those agreements on the Date of this Indenture, as determined in good faith by the Company;

(2)                                 the Note Documents;

(3)                                 Applicable Law;

(4)                                 any instrument governing Indebtedness or Capital Stock of a Person acquired by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries as in effect at the time of such acquisition (except to the extent such Indebtedness or Capital Stock was incurred in connection with or in contemplation of such acquisition), which encumbrance or restriction is not applicable to any Person, or the properties or assets of any Person, other than the Person, or the property or assets of the Person, so acquired; provided that, in the case of Indebtedness, such Indebtedness was otherwise permitted by the terms of this Indenture to be incurred;

(5)                                 instruments governing other Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or Disqualified Stock of the Company or Preferred Stock of any Restricted Subsidiary permitted to be incurred pursuant to Section 4.09 and any amendments, restatements,

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modifications, renewals, supplements, refundings, replacements or refinancings of those agreements; provided that the provisions relating to such encumbrance or restriction contained in such instruments are not materially more restrictive, taken as a whole, than the provisions contained in the Credit Agreement, in the indentures governing the Existing Unsecured Notes or in this Indenture as in effect on the Date of this Indenture, as determined in good faith by the Company;

(6)                                 customary non-assignment provisions in Hydrocarbon purchase and sale or exchange agreements or similar operational agreements or in licenses, easements or leases, in each case entered into in the ordinary course of business;

(7)                                 Capital Lease Obligations, mortgage financings or purchase money obligations, in each case for property acquired for use in the business of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary that impose restrictions on that property purchased or leased of the nature described in clause (3) of the preceding paragraph;

(8)                                 any agreement for the sale or other disposition of a Restricted Subsidiary that restricts distributions by that Restricted Subsidiary pending its sale or other disposition;

(9)                                 Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness, provided that the restrictions contained in the agreements governing such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness are not materially more restrictive, taken as a whole, than those contained in the agreements governing the Indebtedness being refinanced, as determined in good faith by the Company;

(10)                          Liens securing Indebtedness otherwise permitted to be incurred under the provisions of Section 4.12 that limit the right of the debtor to dispose of the assets subject to such Liens;

(11)                          provisions limiting the disposition or distribution of assets or property in Joint Venture agreements, asset sale agreements, sale leaseback agreements, stock sale agreements, shareholders’ agreements, partnership agreements and other similar agreements (including agreements entered into in connection with a Restricted Investment) entered into (a) in the ordinary course of business or (b) with the approval of the Company’s Board of Directors, which limitations are applicable only to the assets or property that are the subject of such agreements;

(12)                          any agreement or instrument relating to any property or assets acquired after the Date of this Indenture, so long as such encumbrance or restriction relates only to the property or assets so acquired and is not and was not created in anticipation of such acquisition;

(13)                          encumbrances or restrictions on cash, Cash Equivalents or other deposits or net worth requirements imposed by customers or lessors under contracts or leases entered into in the ordinary course of business;

(14)                          customary encumbrances and restrictions contained in agreements of the types described in the definition of “Permitted Business Investments”;

(15)                          Hedging Contracts permitted from time to time under this Indenture;

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(16)                          the issuance of Preferred Stock by a Restricted Subsidiary or the payment of dividends thereon in accordance with the terms thereof; provided that issuance of such Preferred Stock is permitted pursuant to Section 4.09 and the terms of such Preferred Stock do not expressly restrict the ability of a Restricted Subsidiary to pay dividends or make any other distributions on its Equity Interests (other than requirements to pay dividends or liquidation preferences on such Preferred Stock prior to paying any dividends or making any other distributions on such other Equity Interests);

(17)                          encumbrances and restrictions contained in contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business, not relating to any Indebtedness, and that do not, taken as a whole, detract from the value of, or from the ability of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries to realize the value of, property or assets of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in any manner material to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary, as determined in good faith by the Company;

(18)                          provisions restricting subletting or assignment of any lease governing a leasehold interest (including leases governing leasehold interests or farm-in agreements or farm-out agreements relating to leasehold interests in crude oil and natural gas properties) of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary, or restrictions in licenses (including licenses of intellectual property) relating to the property covered thereby, or other encumbrances or restrictions in agreements or instruments relating to specific assets or property that restrict generally the transfers of such assets or property; provided that such encumbrances or restrictions do not materially affect the ability of the Company to permit payments on the Notes when due as required by the terms of this Indenture; and

(19)                          any Permitted Investment.

Section 4.09                             Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock.

The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create, incur, issue, assume, guarantee or otherwise become directly or indirectly liable, contingently or otherwise, with respect to (collectively, “incur”) any Indebtedness, the Company will not issue any Disqualified Stock, and the Company will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to issue any Preferred Stock; provided, however, that the Company and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries may incur Indebtedness, the Company may issue Disqualified Stock or a Restricted Subsidiary may issue Preferred Stock, if the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for the Company’s most recently ended four full fiscal quarters for which internal financial statements are available immediately preceding the date on which such additional Indebtedness is incurred or such Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock are issued, as the case may be, would have been at least 2.25 to 1.0, determined on a pro forma basis (including a pro forma application of the net proceeds therefrom), as if the additional Indebtedness had been incurred or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock had been issued, as the case may be, at the beginning of such four-quarter period.

The first paragraph of this Section 4.09 will not prohibit the incurrence of any of the following items of Indebtedness or the issuance of any Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock (collectively, “Permitted Debt”):

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(1)                                 Indebtedness incurred by the Company or any Guarantor under any First Out Credit Facility (including any Cash Management Obligations secured by the Collateral securing such First Out Credit Facility) up to an aggregate principal amount (with outstanding letters of credit being deemed to have a principal amount equal to the stated amount thereof but excluding the amount of any Cash Management Obligations) together with the aggregate principal amount of all other such Indebtedness at any time outstanding pursuant to this clause (1) not to exceed $50.0 million;

(2)                                 the incurrence by the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries of the Existing Indebtedness;

(3)                                 the incurrence by the Company and the Guarantors of:

(a)                                 the Initial Notes issued on the Date of this Indenture and any related Subsidiary Guarantee;

(b)                                 Indebtedness not to exceed at the time of any such incurrence the amount equal to $625.0 million less the sum at the time of such incurrence of the aggregate principal amount of (i) all then outstanding Indebtedness incurred under any First Out Credit Facility under clause (1), (ii) the then outstanding Initial Notes issued under clause (3)(a), (iii) all other Indebtedness previously incurred and then outstanding under this clause (3)(b), and (iv) all Indebtedness incurred under clause (5) and then outstanding insofar as such Indebtedness was incurred to refinance Indebtedness under clause (3)(a) or this clause (3)(b);

(c)                                  Indebtedness not to exceed at the time of any such incurrence the amount equal to (A) the sum of $200.0 million and 35.0% of the Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets determined on the date of such incurrence less (B) the sum at the time of such incurrence of the aggregate principal amount of (i) all then outstanding Indebtedness incurred under any First Out Credit Facility under clause (1), (ii) the then outstanding notes issued under clause (3)(a), (iii) all then outstanding Indebtedness incurred under clause (3)(b), (iv) all other Indebtedness previously incurred and then outstanding under this clause (3)(c), and (v) all Indebtedness incurred under clause (5) and then outstanding insofar as such Indebtedness was incurred to refinance Indebtedness under clauses (3)(a) or (3)(b) or this clause (3)(c);

(4)                                 the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness represented by Capital Lease Obligations, mortgage financings or purchase money obligations or other Indebtedness, in each case incurred for the purpose of financing all or any part of the purchase price, other acquisition cost or cost of design, construction, installation, development, repair or improvement of property, plant or equipment used in the business of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary (together with improvements, additions, accessions and contractual rights relating primarily thereto) and related financing costs, and Attributable Debt in respect of sale and leaseback transactions, including all Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness incurred pursuant to clause (5) to extend, refinance, renew, replace, defease, discharge, refund or otherwise retire for value, in whole or in part, any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this clause (4), provided that after giving effect to any such incurrence, the aggregate principal amount of all

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Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this clause (4) and then outstanding does not exceed the greater of (a) $50.0 million and (b) 3.0% of the Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets determined on the date of such incurrence;

(5)                                 the incurrence or issuance by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness in exchange for, or the net proceeds of which are used to extend, refinance, renew, replace, defease, discharge, refund or otherwise retire for value, in whole or in part, Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (other than intercompany Indebtedness) or Disqualified Stock of the Company or Preferred Stock of any Restricted Subsidiary, in each case that was permitted by this Indenture to be incurred or issued under this Indenture pursuant to the first paragraph of this Section 4.09 or clause (2), clause (3), clause (4), this clause (5) or clause (11) of this Section 4.09;

(6)                                 the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of intercompany Indebtedness between or among any of the Company and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided, however, that:

(a)                                 if the Company is the obligor on such Indebtedness and a Guarantor is not the obligee, such Indebtedness must be expressly subordinated to the prior payment in full in cash of all Obligations with respect to the Notes, or if a Guarantor is the obligor on such Indebtedness and neither the Company nor another Guarantor is the obligee, such Indebtedness must be expressly subordinated to the prior payment in full in cash of all Obligations with respect to the Subsidiary Guarantee of such Guarantor; and

(b)                                 (i) any subsequent issuance or transfer of Equity Interests that results in any such Indebtedness being held by a Person other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary and (ii) any sale or other transfer of any such Indebtedness to a Person that is neither the Company nor a Restricted Subsidiary will be deemed, in each case, to constitute an incurrence (as of the date of such issuance, sale or transfer) of such Indebtedness by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, that was not permitted by this clause (6);

(7)                                 the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Hedging Obligations;

(8)                                 the guarantee by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries that was permitted to be incurred by another provision of this Section 4.09;

(9)                                 the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of obligations relating to net Hydrocarbon balancing positions arising in the ordinary course of business;

(10)                          the issuance by any Restricted Subsidiaries to the Company or to any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of any Preferred Stock; provided, however, that:

(a)                                 any subsequent issuance or transfer of Equity Interests that results in any such Preferred Stock being held by a Person other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary; and

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(b)                                 any sale or other transfer of any such Preferred Stock to a Person that is not either the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary;

shall be deemed, in each case, to constitute an issuance (as of the date of such issuance, sale or transfer) of such Preferred Stock by such Restricted Subsidiary that was not permitted by this clause (10);

(11)                          the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Permitted Acquisition Indebtedness;

(12)                          the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of (a) Indebtedness arising from the honoring by a bank or other financial institution of a check, draft or similar instrument inadvertently drawn against insufficient funds in the ordinary course of business and (b) Cash Management Obligations;

(13)                          the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness consisting of the financing of insurance premiums in customary amounts consistent with the operations and business of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries;

(14)                          the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness (other than for money borrowed) in respect of obligations in connection with workers’ compensation, health, disability or other benefits, unemployment or other insurance or self-insurance obligations and other social security or similar legislation, old age pension or public liability obligations, statutory obligations, government contracts, trade contracts, regulatory obligations, leases, utility contracts and similar obligations or tender, bid, performance, surety, plugging and abandonment, appeal, reimbursement or similar bonds and completion guarantees issued or provided by, or for the account of, the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business and any guarantees, contingent reimbursement obligations or other contingent obligations with respect to letters of credit or bank guarantees functioning as or supporting or issued to assure payment or performance of any of the foregoing bonds or obligations;

(15)                          the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness arising from agreements of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary providing for indemnification, guarantees (other than guarantees of Indebtedness), adjustment of purchase price, holdbacks, earn outs, or similar obligations, in each case incurred or assumed in connection with the disposition or acquisition of any business, assets or Capital Stock of a Subsidiary in a transaction permitted by this Indenture, other than guarantees of Indebtedness incurred or assumed by any Person acquiring all or any portion of such business, assets or Subsidiary for the purpose of financing such acquisition;

(16)                          the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of liability in respect of Indebtedness of any Unrestricted Subsidiary or any Joint Venture but only to the extent that such liability is the result of (a) the Company’s or any such Restricted Subsidiary’s being a general partner or member of, or owner of an Equity Interest in, such Unrestricted Subsidiary or Joint Venture and not as guarantor of such Indebtedness and provided that after giving effect to any such incurrence, the aggregate principal amount of all Indebtedness incurred

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under this clause (16) and then outstanding does not exceed $50.0 million or (b) the pledge of (or a guaranty limited in recourse solely to) Equity Interests in such Unrestricted Subsidiary or Joint Venture held by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary to secure such Indebtedness and solely to the extent such Indebtedness constitutes Non-Recourse Debt; and

(17)                          the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of additional Indebtedness or the issuance by the Company of additional Disqualified Stock or by any Restricted Subsidiary of Preferred Stock in an aggregate principal amount, when taken together with the aggregate principal amount of all other Indebtedness and Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock incurred or issued under this clause (17) and then outstanding, not to exceed the greater of (a) $50.0 million and (b) 3.0% of the Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets determined on the date of such incurrence or issuance.

For purposes of determining compliance with this Section 4.09, (a) in the event that an item of Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock meets the criteria of more than one of the categories of Permitted Debt described in clauses (1) through (17) above, or is entitled to be incurred or issued pursuant to the first paragraph of this Section 4.09, the Company will be permitted to divide or classify (or later divide, re-divide, classify or reclassify in whole or in part in its sole discretion) such item of Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock in any manner that complies with this Section 4.09; and (b) at the time of Incurrence, the Company will be entitled to divide and classify an item of Indebtedness in more than one of the types of Indebtedness described in the first and second paragraphs above without giving pro forma effect to the portion of such Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the second paragraph above when calculating the portion of such Indebtedness that may be incurred pursuant to the first paragraph above. Any Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement outstanding on the Date of this Indenture shall initially be considered incurred on such date in reliance on the exception provided by clause (1) of the definition of “Permitted Debt”, subject to any subsequent classification or reclassification or division permitted pursuant to this paragraph. For purposes of determining any particular amount of Indebtedness under this covenant, (i) guarantees of, or obligations in respect of letters of credit relating to, Indebtedness otherwise included in the determination of such amount shall not also be included and (ii) if obligations in respect of letters of credit are incurred pursuant to a First Out Credit Facility and are being treated as incurred pursuant to clause (1) of the definition of “Permitted Debt” and the letters of credit relate to other Indebtedness, then such other Indebtedness shall not be included.

The dollar equivalent principal amount of any Indebtedness denominated in a foreign currency and incurred pursuant to any dollar-denominated restriction on the incurrence of Indebtedness shall be calculated based on the relevant exchange rates in effect at the time of incurrence, in the case of term Indebtedness, or first committed, in the case of revolving credit Indebtedness; provided that if such Indebtedness is incurred to refinance other Indebtedness denominated in a foreign currency, and such refinancing would cause the applicable U.S. dollar-denominated restriction to be exceeded if calculated at the relevant currency exchange rate in effect on the date of such refinancing, such U.S. dollar-denominated restriction shall be deemed not to have been exceeded so long as the principal amount of such refinancing Indebtedness does not exceed the principal amount of such Indebtedness being refinanced. The principal amount of any Indebtedness incurred to refinance other Indebtedness, if incurred in a different currency from the Indebtedness being refinanced, shall be calculated based on the currency exchange rate

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applicable to the currencies in which such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is denominated that is in effect on the date of such refinancing.

The accrual of interest or dividends on Preferred Stock, the accretion or amortization of original issue discount or accreted value, the payment of interest on any Indebtedness in the form of additional Indebtedness with the same terms, and the payment of dividends on Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock in the form of additional shares of the same class of Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock will not be deemed to be an incurrence of Indebtedness or an issuance of Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock for purposes of this Section 4.09; provided, in each such case, that the amount thereof is included in Fixed Charges of the Company as accrued to the extent required by the definition of such term. For purposes of this Section 4.09, (i) the accrual of an obligation to pay a premium in respect of Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock arising in connection with the issuance of a notice of redemption or making of a mandatory offer to purchase such Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock, (ii) unrealized losses or charges in respect of Hedging Contracts (including those resulting from the application of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 815), or (iii) the increase in the amount of Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock outstanding solely as a result of fluctuations in the exchange rate of currencies or increases in the Fair Market Value of assets securing Indebtedness of another Person described in the second sentence of the definition of Indebtedness will, in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii), not be deemed to be an incurrence of Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock. Further, the accounting reclassification of any obligation or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries as Indebtedness will not be deemed an incurrence of Indebtedness or issuance of Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock for purposes of this Section 4.09.

The “amount” or “principal amount” of any Indebtedness or Preferred Stock or Disqualified Stock of a Person outstanding at any time of determination as used herein shall be as set forth below or, if not set forth below, determined in accordance with GAAP:

(1)          the accreted value of the Indebtedness, in the case of any Indebtedness issued with original issue discount;

(2)          the principal amount of the Indebtedness, in the case of any other Indebtedness;

(3)          in respect of Indebtedness of another Person secured by a Lien on the assets of the specified Person, the lesser of:

(a)           the Fair Market Value of such assets at the date of determination; and

(b)           the amount of the Indebtedness of the other Person;

(4)          in the case of any Capital Lease Obligation, the amount determined in accordance with the definition thereof;

(5)          in the case of any Preferred Stock, if other than Disqualified Stock, the greater of its voluntary or involuntary liquidation preference and its maximum fixed redemption price or repurchase price or, if Disqualified Stock, as specified in the definition thereof;

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(6)          in the case of obligations under any Hedging Contracts of a Person, the termination value of the agreement or arrangement giving rise to such obligations that would be payable by such Person at such date;

(7)          in the case of all other unconditional obligations, the amount of the liability thereof determined in accordance with GAAP; and

(8)          in the case of all other contingent obligations of a Person, the maximum liability at such date of such Person.

Section 4.10          Limitation on Asset Sales.

The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, consummate an Asset Sale unless:

(1)           the Company (or the Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be) receives consideration (including by way of relief from, or any Person assuming responsibilities for, any liabilities (and in the case of contingent liabilities, taking into account both the amount and the likelihood of the incurrence thereof as determined in good faith by the Company)) at the time of the Asset Sale at least equal to the Fair Market Value (measured as of the date of the definitive agreement with respect to such Asset Sale) of the assets or Equity Interests issued or sold or otherwise disposed of; and

(2)           at least 75% of the aggregate consideration received by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the Asset Sale and all other Asset Sales since the Date of this Indenture is in the form of cash or Cash Equivalents.  For purposes of this provision, each of the following will be deemed to be cash:

(a)           any liabilities, as shown on the Company’s or any Restricted Subsidiary’s most recent consolidated balance sheet, of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary (other than unsecured, junior lien or contingent liabilities and liabilities that are by their terms subordinated in right of payment to the Notes or any Subsidiary Guarantee) that are assumed by the transferee of any such assets pursuant to a novation or indemnity agreement that releases the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary from further liability (or in lieu of such absence of liability, the acquiring Person or its parent company agrees to indemnify and hold the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary harmless from and against any loss, liability or cost in respect of such assumed liabilities accompanied by the posting of a letter of credit (issued by a commercial bank that has an Investment Grade Rating) in favor of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary for the full amount of such liabilities and for so long as such liabilities remain outstanding unless such indemnifying party (or its long term debt securities) shall have an Investment Grade Rating (with no indication of a negative outlook or credit watch with negative implications, in any case, that contemplates such indemnifying party (or its long term debt securities) failing to have an Investment Grade Rating) at the time the indemnity is entered into) or that are otherwise cancelled or terminated or with respect to which the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary is otherwise released in connection with the transaction with such transferee;

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(b)           with respect to any Asset Sale of interests in Oil and Gas Properties by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary, any agreement by the transferee (or an Affiliate thereof) to pay all or a portion of the Company’s or such Restricted Subsidiary’s allocable share of the costs and expenses related to the exploration, development, completion or production of such properties and activities related thereto;

(c)           any securities, notes or other obligations received by the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary from such transferee that are, within 180 days after the Asset Sale, converted by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary into cash, to the extent of the cash received in that conversion;

(d)           accounts receivable of a business retained by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, as the case may be, following the sale of such business; provided that such accounts receivable (i) are not past due more than 90 days and (ii) do not have a payment date greater than 120 days from the date of the invoices creating such accounts receivable; and

(e)           Additional Assets.

Within 365 days after the receipt of any Net Proceeds from an Asset Sale, the Company (or any Restricted Subsidiary) may apply those Net Proceeds at its option to any combination of the following:

(I)           to optionally make any payment on or purchase, repurchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value the notes or make any payment on purchase, repurchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value Priority Lien Debt, other than the notes, that is subject to a Priority Lien or Indebtedness of a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Guarantor; provided that, if the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary shall so make any payment on or purchase, repurchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value any Priority Lien Debt in addition to the notes (other than First Out Debt), the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary will redeem or equally and ratably repurchase (or offer to repurchase) the notes as provided either, at the Company’s option, under Section 3.07 herein, through open-market purchases (to the extent such purchases are at a purchase price at or above 100% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued but unpaid interest, if any) or by making an offer (in accordance with the procedures set forth below for an Asset Sale Offer (as defined below)) to all Holders to purchase their notes at 100% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any;

(II)         to (A) optionally make any payment on or purchase, repurchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value 2021 Notes or, if the 2021 Notes have been purchased, repurchased, redeemed, defeased or otherwise acquired or retired in full, up to $150.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 2023 Notes or (B) make an Investment in SN UnSub, including for the purpose of investment in the Oil and Gas Properties of SN UnSub or making any payment on, or repurchasing, redeeming or otherwise acquiring or retiring for value outstanding preferred units in SN UnSub, in the case of clauses (A) and (B), in an aggregate amount under this clause (II) not to exceed $500.0 million;

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(III)        to invest in or acquire Additional Assets; or

(IV)        to make capital expenditures in respect of the Company’s or any Restricted Subsidiary’s Oil and Gas Business.

The requirement of clause (II)(B), (III) or (IV) of the preceding paragraph shall be deemed to be satisfied if a bona fide binding contract not prohibited by this Indenture committing to make the investment, acquisition or expenditure referred to therein is entered into by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries with a Person other than a Restricted Subsidiary within the time period specified in the preceding paragraph and such Net Proceeds are subsequently applied in accordance with such contract within six months following the date such agreement is entered into.

Pending the final application of any Net Proceeds, the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary may temporarily reduce Indebtedness under its First Out Credit Facility or otherwise expend or invest the Net Proceeds in any manner that is not prohibited by this Indenture.  Any Net Proceeds from Asset Sales that are not applied or invested as provided in the second preceding paragraph will constitute “Excess Proceeds.”

If on the 366th day after an Asset Sale the aggregate amount of Excess Proceeds then exceeds $40.0 million, within five days after such date, the Company will make an offer (the “Asset Sale Offer”) to all Holders, and if required by the terms of other Priority Lien Debt, to all holders of such other Priority Lien Debt, to purchase, prepay or redeem on a pro rata basis the maximum principal amount of Notes and such other Priority Lien Debt, if applicable (plus all accrued interest on the Indebtedness and the amount of all fees and expenses, including premiums, incurred in connection therewith) that may be purchased, prepaid or redeemed out of the Excess Proceeds. The offer price in any Asset Sale Offer will be equal to 100% of principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of settlement, subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the date of settlement, and will be payable in cash. If any Excess Proceeds remain after consummation of an Asset Sale Offer, the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary may use those Excess Proceeds for any purpose not otherwise prohibited by this Indenture. If the aggregate principal amount of Notes and other Priority Lien Debt, if applicable, tendered in such Asset Sale Offer exceeds the amount of Excess Proceeds allocated to the purchase of Notes and other Priority Lien Debt, if applicable, the Trustee will select the Notes and the Company shall select such other Priority Lien Debt to be purchased on a pro rata basis (except that any Notes represented by a note in global form will be selected by such method as DTC or its nominee or successor may require or, where such nominee or successor is the Trustee, a method that most nearly approximates pro rata selection as the Trustee deems fair and appropriate and the selection of such Priority Lien Debt shall be made pursuant to the terms of such Priority Lien Debt), based on the principal amounts tendered (with such adjustments as may be deemed appropriate by the Company so that only Notes in denominations of $2,000, or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof, will be purchased). Upon completion of each Asset Sale Offer, the amount of Excess Proceeds will be reset at zero. The Company may satisfy the foregoing obligation with respect to any Excess Proceeds by making an Asset Sale Offer prior to the expiration of the relevant 365-day period or with respect to Excess Proceeds of $40.0 million or less.

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The provisions under this Indenture relative to the Company’s obligation to make an offer to repurchase the Notes as a result of an Asset Sale may be waived or modified with the written consent of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Notes (including, without limitation, Additional Notes, if any).

The Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations thereunder to the extent those laws and regulations are applicable in connection with each repurchase of Notes and other Priority Debt, if applicable, pursuant to an Asset Sale Offer.  To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with the provisions of this Section 4.10, the Company will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and will not be deemed to have breached its obligations under such provisions by virtue of such compliance.

All references herein to “Net Proceeds” and “Excess Proceeds” shall be deemed to mean cash in an amount equal to the amount of Net Proceeds or Excess Proceeds but not necessarily the actual cash received from the relevant Asset Sale. The Company and its Subsidiaries shall have no obligation to segregate, trace or otherwise identify Net Proceeds or Excess Proceeds (other than the amount thereof), it being agreed that cash is fungible and that the Company’s obligations under this covenant may be satisfied by the application of funds from other sources.

Section 4.11          Limitation on Transactions with Affiliates.

The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, make any payment to, or sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of its properties or assets to, or purchase any property or assets from, or enter into or make or amend any transaction, contract, agreement, understanding, loan, advance or guarantee with, or for the benefit of, any Affiliate of the Company involving aggregate consideration in excess of $5.0 million (each, an “Affiliate Transaction”), unless:

(1)          the Affiliate Transaction is on terms that are no less favorable to the Company or the relevant Restricted Subsidiary than those that could have been obtained in a comparable transaction by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary with an unrelated Person or, if, as determined in good faith by the Company, no comparable transaction is available with which to compare such Affiliate Transaction, such Affiliate Transaction is otherwise fair to the Company or the relevant Restricted Subsidiary from a financial point of view; and

(2)          the Company delivers to the Trustee:

(a)           with respect to any Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions involving aggregate consideration in excess of $30.0 million, an Officers’ Certificate certifying that such Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions complies with this Section 4.11; and

(b)           with respect to any Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions involving aggregate consideration in excess of $60.0 million, an Officers’ Certificate certifying that such Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions complies with this Section 4.11 and attaching a resolution of the Board of Directors of the Company to the effect that such Affiliate Transaction or series of related

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Affiliate Transactions has been approved by a majority of the disinterested members of the Board of Directors of the Company.

The following items will not be deemed to be Affiliate Transactions and, therefore, will not be subject to the provisions of the prior paragraph of this Section 4.11:

(1)           any employment agreement or arrangement, equity award, equity option or equity appreciation agreement or plan, employee benefit plan, officer or director indemnification agreement, severance agreement or other compensation plan or arrangement entered into by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business, and payments, awards, grants or issuances of securities pursuant thereto;

(2)           transactions between or among any of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries;

(3)           transactions with a Person (other than an Unrestricted Subsidiary) that is an Affiliate of the Company solely because the Company owns, directly or indirectly, an Equity Interest in, or otherwise controls, such Person;

(4)           customary compensation, indemnification and other benefits made available to officers, directors or employees of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary or an Affiliate of the Company, including reimbursement or advancement of out-of-pocket expenses and provisions of officers’ and directors’ liability insurance;

(5)           sales or issuances of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) to, or receipt of capital contributions from, Affiliates of the Company and the granting of registration and other customary rights in connection therewith;

(6)           any Permitted Investments or Restricted Payments or Permitted Payments that are permitted by Section 4.07;

(7)           transactions between the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and any Person that would not otherwise constitute an Affiliate Transaction except for the fact that a director or manager of which is also a director or manager of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as applicable; provided that such director or manager abstains from voting as a director or manager of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as applicable, on such transaction;

(8)           any transaction in which the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, as the case may be, delivers to the Trustee a letter from an accounting, appraisal or investment banking firm of national standing stating that such transaction is fair to the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary from a financial point of view or that such transaction meets the requirements of clause (1) of the prior paragraph of this Section 4.11;

(9)           (a) guarantees by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of performance of obligations of the Unrestricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business, except for guarantees of Indebtedness in respect of borrowed money, and (b) pledges by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of (or any guarantee by the Company or any Restricted

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Subsidiary limited in recourse solely to) Equity Interests in Unrestricted Subsidiaries for the benefit of lenders or other creditors of the Unrestricted Subsidiaries;

(10)         any Affiliate Transaction with a Person in its capacity as a holder of Indebtedness or Capital Stock of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary if such Person is treated no more favorably than the other holders of Indebtedness or Capital Stock of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary;

(11)         any contracts for exploring for, drilling, developing, producing, processing, gathering, transporting, marketing or storing Hydrocarbons, or activities or services reasonably related or ancillary thereto, or other operational contracts, that are entered into in the ordinary course of business on terms substantially similar to those contained in similar contracts entered into by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries with unrelated third parties, or if neither the Company nor any Restricted Subsidiary has entered into a similar contract with a third party, then on the terms no less favorable than those available from third parties on an arm’s length basis, in each case as determined in good faith by the Company;

(12)         transactions with Unrestricted Subsidiaries, customers, clients, suppliers or purchasers or sellers of goods or services, or lessors or lessees of property, in each case in the ordinary course of business and otherwise in compliance with the terms of this Indenture which are, in the aggregate (taking into account all the costs and benefits associated with such transactions), not materially less favorable to the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries than those contained in similar contracts entered into by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries with unrelated third parties, or if neither the Company nor any Restricted Subsidiary has entered into a similar contract with a third party, then on the terms no less favorable than those available from third parties on an arm’s length basis, in each case as determined in good faith by the Company;

(13)         loans or advances to employees in the ordinary course of business not to exceed $2.5 million in aggregate principal amount at any one time outstanding; and

(14)         transactions (other than purchases or sales of assets) effected in accordance with the terms of the Services Agreement as in effect on the Date of this Indenture and any amendment or replacement of the Services Agreement on terms no more favorable to the Affiliates of the Company party thereto than those available from third parties on an arm’s length basis.

In addition, if the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries purchases or otherwise acquires assets or properties from a Person which is not an Affiliate, the purchase or acquisition by an Affiliate of the Company of an interest in all or a portion of the assets or properties acquired shall not be deemed an Affiliate Transaction (or cause such purchase or acquisition by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary to be deemed an Affiliate Transaction), and if the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries sells, conveys or otherwise disposes of assets or other properties to a Person who is not an Affiliate, the sale or other disposition by an Affiliate of the Company of an interest in all or a portion of the assets or properties sold shall not be deemed an Affiliate Transaction (or cause such sale or other disposition by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary to be deemed an Affiliate Transaction).

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Section 4.12          Limitation on Liens.

The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, create, incur, assume or otherwise cause or suffer to exist or become effective any Lien of any kind (other than Permitted Liens) upon any of their property or assets (whether now owned or hereafter acquired), securing Indebtedness.

Section 4.13          Additional Subsidiary Guarantees.

If, after the Date of this Indenture, (a) any Restricted Subsidiary that is not already a Guarantor guarantees or otherwise becomes an obligor with respect to any other Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor in excess of the De Minimis Guaranteed Amount, or (b) any Domestic Subsidiary, if not then a Guarantor, incurs or otherwise becomes an obligor with respect to any Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement, then in either case that Subsidiary shall become a Guarantor by executing a supplemental indenture substantially in the form of Annex A hereto and delivering it to the Trustee within 30 Business Days of the date on which it guaranteed or otherwise became an obligor with respect to such Indebtedness, as the case may be, together with any Officers’ Certificate or Opinion of Counsel required by Section 9.06; provided, however, that the preceding shall not apply to Subsidiaries of the Company that have properly been designated as Unrestricted Subsidiaries in accordance with this Indenture for so long as they continue to constitute Unrestricted Subsidiaries.  Notwithstanding the preceding, any Subsidiary Guarantee of a Restricted Subsidiary that was incurred pursuant to this Section 4.13 may, at the election of the Company, provide by its terms that it shall be automatically and unconditionally released at such time as such Guarantor ceases both (x) to guarantee or otherwise be an obligor with respect to any other Indebtedness of the Company or any other Guarantor in excess of the De Minimis Guaranteed Amount (except as a result of payment under any such other guarantee) and (y) to be an obligor with respect to any Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement.

Each Subsidiary Guarantee shall also be released in accordance with Article 10.

Section 4.14          Existence.

Except as otherwise permitted pursuant to the terms hereof (including consolidation and merger permitted by Section 5.01), the Company shall do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence, and the corporate, partnership, limited liability company or other existence of each of its Restricted Subsidiaries, in accordance with the respective organizational documents (as the same may be amended from time to time) of the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to preserve the existence of any of its Restricted Subsidiaries if the Company shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole and that the loss thereof is not adverse in any material respect to the Holders of the Notes.

Section 4.15          Offer to Repurchase Upon Change of Control.

Within 30 days following the occurrence of a Change of Control, the Company shall make an offer (a “Change of Control Offer”) to repurchase all or any part (equal to $2,000 or an

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integral multiple of $1,000 in excess of $2,000) of each Holder’s Notes at a purchase price (the “Change of Control Payment”) in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of Notes repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the date of settlement (the “Change of Control Settlement Date”), subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the Change of Control Settlement Date.  Within 30 days following a Change of Control, the Company shall give a notice of the Change of Control Offer to each Holder and the Trustee describing the transaction or transactions that constitute the Change of Control and stating:

(a)           that the Change of Control Offer is being made pursuant to this Section 4.15 and that all Notes validly tendered and not validly withdrawn pursuant to the Change of Control Offer will be accepted for payment;

(b)           the purchase price and the Change of Control Settlement Date, which shall be no earlier than 30 days but no later than 60 days from the date such notice is mailed;

(c)           that the Change of Control Offer will expire as of the time and date specified in such notice and that the Company shall pay the Change of Control Payment for all Notes accepted for purchase promptly thereafter on the Change of Control Settlement Date;

(d)           that any Note not tendered will continue to accrue interest;

(e)           that, unless the Company defaults in the payment of the Change of Control Payment, all Notes accepted for payment pursuant to the Change of Control Offer shall cease to accrue interest on and after the Change of Control Settlement Date;

(f)            that Holders electing to have any Notes purchased pursuant to a Change of Control Offer will be required to surrender the Notes, properly endorsed for transfer, together with the form entitled “Option of Holder to Elect Purchase” on the reverse of the Notes completed and such customary documents as the Company may reasonably request, to the Paying Agent at the address specified in the notice prior to the termination of the Change of Control Offer;

(g)           that Holders will be entitled to withdraw their election if the Paying Agent receives, prior to the termination of the Change of Control Offer, a telegram, facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of the Holder, the principal amount of Notes delivered for purchase, and a statement that such Holder is withdrawing its election to have the Notes purchased; and

(h)           that Holders whose Notes are being purchased only in part will be issued new Notes equal in principal amount to the unpurchased portion of the Notes surrendered, which unpurchased portion must be equal to $2,000 in principal amount or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess of $2,000.

If any of the Notes subject to a Change of Control Offer is in the form of a Global Note, then the Company shall modify such notice to the extent necessary to accord with the procedures of the Depository applicable to repurchases.  Further, the Company shall comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and

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regulations thereunder to the extent such laws and regulations are applicable in connection with the repurchase of Notes as a result of a Change of Control.  To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with the provisions of this Section 4.15, the Company will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and will not be deemed to have breached its obligations under such provisions by virtue of such compliance.

On or before the Change of Control Settlement Date, the Company shall, to the extent lawful, accept for payment all Notes or portions thereof (in minimum denominations of $2,000 and in integral multiples of $1,000 in excess of $2,000) properly tendered (and not validly withdrawn) pursuant to the Change of Control Offer.  Promptly after such acceptance, on the Change of Control Settlement Date, the Company shall:

(i)            deposit with the Paying Agent by 11:00 a.m., New York City time, an amount equal to the Change of Control Payment in respect of all Notes or portions thereof so tendered (and not validly withdrawn); and

(ii)           deliver or cause to be delivered to the Trustee the Notes so accepted together with an Officers’ Certificate stating the aggregate principal amount of Notes or portions of Notes being purchased by the Company.

On the Change of Control Settlement Date, the Paying Agent shall mail or deliver to each Holder properly tendered the Change of Control Payment for such Notes (or, with respect to Notes then in global form, make such payment thereon through the facilities of the Depository) and the Company will promptly issue, and the Trustee, upon written request from the Company, shall authenticate and mail or deliver (or cause to be transferred by book entry) to the surrendering Holder of any Notes purchased only in part a new Note in a principal amount equal in principal amount to any unpurchased portion of the Notes surrendered, if any; provided, however, that each such new Note will be in a minimum principal amount of $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess of $2,000.  The Company shall publicly announce the results of the Change of Control Offer on or as soon as practicable after the Change of Control Settlement Date.

The Change of Control provisions of this Section 4.15 shall be applicable whether or not any other provisions of this Indenture are applicable.

Prior to complying with any of the provisions of this Section 4.15, but in any event no later than the Change of Control Settlement Date, the Company or any Guarantor shall either repay all of its other outstanding Indebtedness or obtain the requisite consents, if any, under all agreements governing such Indebtedness to permit the repurchase of Notes required by this Section 4.15.

The Company shall not be required to make a Change of Control Offer following a Change of Control if (1) a third party makes the Change of Control Offer in the manner, at the time and otherwise in compliance with the requirements set forth in this Section 4.15 applicable to a Change of Control Offer made by the Company and purchases all Notes properly tendered and not validly withdrawn under such Change of Control Offer, (2) notice of redemption of all outstanding Notes has been given pursuant to Section 3.07, unless there is a default in payment

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of the applicable redemption price or (3) in connection with or in contemplation of any Change of Control, the Company has made an offer to purchase (an “Alternate Offer”) any and all Notes validly tendered at a cash price equal to or higher than the Change of Control Payment and purchases all Notes properly tendered in accordance with the terms of such Alternate Offer.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Indenture, a Change of Control Offer may be made in advance of a Change of Control, and conditioned upon the consummation of such Change of Control, if a definitive agreement is in place for such Change of Control at the time of making the Change of Control Offer.

In the event that Holders of not less than 90% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Notes accept a Change of Control Offer and the Company, or any third party making such Change of Control Offer in lieu of the Company as described above, purchases all of the Notes held by such Holders, the Company will have the right, upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ prior notice as provided in Section 3.03, given not more than 30 days following such purchase pursuant to the Change of Control Offer described above, to redeem all of the Notes that remain outstanding following such purchase at a redemption price in cash equal to the Change of Control Payment plus, to the extent not included in the Change of Control Payment, accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on such Notes that remain outstanding, to the date of redemption (subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the redemption date).

The provisions under this Indenture relative to the Company’s obligation to make an offer to repurchase the Notes as a result of a Change of Control may be waived or modified or terminated with the consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Notes (including, without limitation, Additional Notes, if any) then outstanding (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Notes) prior to the occurrence of such Change of Control.

Section 4.16          No Partial Inducements.

The Company shall not, and the Company shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries, either directly or indirectly, to pay (or cause to be paid) any consideration, whether by way of interest, fee or otherwise, to any Beneficial Owner or Holder of the Notes for or as an inducement to any consent to any waiver, supplement or amendment of any terms or provisions of this Indenture or the Notes, unless such consideration is offered to be paid (or agreed to be paid) to all Beneficial Owners and Holders of the Notes in the time frame set forth in the solicitation documents relating to such consent.

Section 4.17          Covenant Termination.

If at any time (a) the Notes have an Investment Grade Rating, (b) no Default (other than a Reporting Default) has occurred and is continuing under this Indenture and (c) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate certifying to the foregoing provisions of this sentence, the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries will no longer be subject to the provisions of Sections 3.09, 4.07, 4.08, 4.09, 4.10, 4.11, 4.13, 4.18, and clause (d) of Section 5.01 of this

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Indenture.  However, the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries will remain subject to all of the other provisions of this Indenture.

Section 4.18          Designation of Restricted and Unrestricted Subsidiaries.

The Board of Directors of the Company may designate any Restricted Subsidiary to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary if that designation would not cause a Default.  If a Restricted Subsidiary is designated as an Unrestricted Subsidiary, the aggregate Fair Market Value of all outstanding Investments owned by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the Subsidiary properly designated as an Unrestricted Subsidiary will be deemed to either (i) be an Investment made as of the time of the designation that will reduce the amount available for Restricted Payments under the first paragraph or meets the criteria of clauses (1) through (14) of the second paragraph of Section 4.07 or (ii) represent Permitted Investments, as determined in good faith by the Company.  That designation shall only be permitted if the Investment would be permitted at that time and if the Subsidiary so designated otherwise meets the definition of an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

Any designation of a Subsidiary of the Company as an Unrestricted Subsidiary will be evidenced to the Trustee by filing with the Trustee a Board Resolution of the Board of Directors of the Company giving effect to such designation and an Officers’ Certificate certifying that such designation complied with the preceding conditions and was permitted by Section 4.07. If, at any time, any Unrestricted Subsidiary would fail to meet the preceding requirements as an Unrestricted Subsidiary, it will thereafter cease to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary for purposes of this Indenture and any Indebtedness of such Subsidiary will be deemed to be incurred by a Restricted Subsidiary as of such date and, if such Indebtedness is not permitted to be incurred as of such date under Section 4.09, the Company will be in default of such covenant.

The Board of Directors of the Company may at any time designate any Unrestricted Subsidiary to be a Restricted Subsidiary; provided that such designation will be deemed to be an incurrence of Indebtedness by a Restricted Subsidiary of any outstanding Indebtedness of such Unrestricted Subsidiary and such designation will only be permitted if (1) such Indebtedness is permitted under Section 4.09, either as “Permitted Debt” or pursuant to the first paragraph of such covenant with the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio calculated on a pro forma basis as if such designation had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter reference period, and (2) no Default or Event of Default would be in existence following such designation.

ARTICLE FIVE
SUCCESSORS

Section 5.01          Merger, Consolidation, or Sale of Assets.

The Company may not, directly or indirectly, (x) consolidate or merge with or into another Person (whether or not the Company is the survivor), or (y) sell, assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties or assets, in one or more related transactions to another Person, unless:

(a)          either (1) the Company is the survivor or (2) the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than the Company) or to which such sale, assignment,

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transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition shall have been made (the “Surviving Entity”) is a Person organized or existing under the laws of the United States, any state of the United States or the District of Columbia;

(b)          the Surviving Entity assumes all the obligations of the Company under the Note Documents pursuant to a supplemental indenture;

(c)           except in the case that the Company merges into, consolidates with or disposes of assets to a Guarantor, immediately after such transaction, no Default or Event of Default exists;

(d)          either:

(i)            the Company or the Surviving Entity will, at the time of such transaction immediately after giving pro forma effect thereto and any related financing transaction as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, be permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio test set forth in the first paragraph of Section 4.09 hereof; or

(ii)           immediately after giving effect to such transaction and any related financing transactions on a pro forma basis as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the Company’s most recently ended four full quarters for which internal financial statements are available immediately preceding the date of the transaction, the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of the Company or the Surviving Entity, will be equal to or greater than the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of the Company immediately prior to such transaction;

(e)           if the Company is not the survivor, the Surviving Entity shall take such action (or agree to take such action) as may be reasonably necessary to cause any property or assets that constitute Collateral owned by or transferred to the Surviving Entity to be subject to the Priority Liens in the manner and to the extent required under the Note Documents and shall deliver an opinion of counsel as to the enforceability (subject to customary assumptions, qualifications and, as applicable, of scope and substance substantially the same as the opinions delivered on the date of this Indenture) of any amendments, supplements or other instruments with respect to the Note Documents that are executed, delivered, filed and recorded, as applicable, in accordance therewith; and

(f)           the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger or disposition and such supplemental indenture (if any) comply with this Indenture.

provided that, in the case of clauses (a) through (d) above, unless such Surviving Entity is a corporation, a corporate co-issuer of the Notes will be added to this Indenture by a supplement reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee.

Notwithstanding the restrictions described in the foregoing clause (d), any Restricted Subsidiary may consolidate with, merge into or dispose of all or part of its properties and assets to the Company, and the Company will not be required to comply with the preceding clause (d) in connection with any such consolidation, merger or disposition.

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For purposes of the foregoing, the transfer (by lease, assignment, sale or otherwise, in a single transaction or series of transactions) of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of one or more Restricted Subsidiaries, the Capital Stock of which constitutes all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company, shall be deemed to be the transfer of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may convert into a corporation, limited liability company, limited partnership or other entity or transfer to or redomesticate in another jurisdiction solely for the purpose of realizing tax or other benefits; provided that, the resulting entity (i) is organized or existing under the laws of the United States, any state of the United States or the District of Columbia and (ii) assumes all the obligations of the Company under the Note Documents pursuant to a supplemental indenture; provided that, unless such Person is a corporation, a corporate co-issuer of the Notes will be added to this Indenture by a supplement reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee.