100,000,000 AMENDED AND RESTATED SALES AGREEMENT

Exhibit 1.1
 
EXECUTION COPY
 

$100,000,000


AMENDED AND RESTATED SALES AGREEMENT

July 3, 2013

▇▇▇▇▇ and Company, LLC
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Raptor Pharmaceutical Corp., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), confirms its agreement (this "Agreement") with ▇▇▇▇▇ and Company, LLC ("Cowen"), as follows:
1.              Issuance and Sale of Shares.  The Company agrees that, from time to time during the term of this Agreement, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, it may issue and sell through Cowen, acting as agent and/or principal, shares of the Company's common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "Common Stock") having an aggregate offering price of up to $100,000,000 (including $38,342,452.34 previously sold through Cowen).  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the parties hereto agree that compliance with the limitation set forth in this Section 1 on the number of shares of Common Stock issued and sold under this Agreement shall be the sole responsibility of the Company, and Cowen shall have no obligation in connection with such compliance.  The issuance and sale of Common Stock through Cowen will be effected pursuant to the Registration Statement (as defined below) filed by the Company and declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission"), although nothing in this Agreement shall be construed as requiring the Company to use the Registration Statement (as defined below) to issue the Common Stock.
 
The Company has filed, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the "Securities Act"), with the Commission a registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-179215), including a base prospectus, relating to certain securities, including the Common Stock, to be issued from time to time by the Company, and which incorporates by reference documents that the Company has filed or will file in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the "Exchange Act"). The Company has prepared a prospectus supplement specifically relating to the Common Stock (the "Prospectus Supplement") to the base prospectus included as part of such registration statement.  The Company has furnished to Cowen, for use by Cowen, copies of the base prospectus included as part of such registration statement, as supplemented by the Prospectus Supplement, relating to the Common Stock.  Except where the context otherwise requires, such registration statement, as amended when it became effective, including all documents filed as part thereof or incorporated by reference therein, and including any information contained in a Prospectus (as defined below) subsequently filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b)
under the Securities Act or deemed to be a part of such registration statement pursuant to Rule 430B or 462(b) of the Securities Act, is herein called the "Registration Statement."  The base prospectus, including all documents incorporated therein by reference, included in the Registration Statement, as it may be supplemented by the Prospectus Supplement, in the form in which such prospectus and/or Prospectus Supplement have most recently been filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, together with any "issuer free writing prospectus," as defined in Rule 433 of the Securities Act Regulations ("Rule 433"), relating to the Common Stock that (i) is required to be filed with the Commission by the Company or (ii) is exempt from filing pursuant to Rule 433(d)(5)(i), in each case in the form filed or required to be filed with the Commission or, if not required to be filed, in the form retained in the Company's records pursuant to Rule 433(g), is herein called the "Prospectus." Any reference herein to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein, and any reference herein to the terms "amend," "amendment" or "supplement" with respect to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the filing after the execution hereof of any document with the Commission deemed to be incorporated by reference therein. For purposes of this Agreement, all references to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or to any amendment or supplement thereto shall be deemed to include any copy filed with the Commission pursuant to either the Electronic Data Gathering Analysis and Retrieval System or Interactive Data Electronic Applications (collectively "IDEA").
2.              Placements.  Each time that the Company wishes to issue and sell the Common Stock hereunder (each, a "Placement"), it will notify Cowen by email notice (or other method mutually agreed to in writing by the parties) (a "Placement Notice") containing the parameters in accordance with which it desires the Common Stock to be sold, which shall at a minimum include the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued (the "Placement Shares"), the time period during which sales are requested to be made, any limitation on the number of shares of Common Stock that may be sold in any one Trading Day (as defined in Section 3) and any minimum price below which sales may not be made, a form of which containing such minimum sales parameters necessary is attached hereto as Schedule 1. The Placement Notice shall originate from any of the individuals from the Company whose names are set forth on Schedule 2 attached hereto (with a copy to each of the other individuals from the Company listed on such schedule), and shall be addressed to each of the individuals from Cowen whose names are set forth on Schedule 2, as such Schedule 2 may be amended from time to time in accordance herewith.  The Placement Notice shall be effective upon receipt by Cowen unless and until (i) in accordance with the notice requirements set forth in Section 4, Cowen declines to accept the terms contained therein for any reason, in its sole discretion, (ii) the entire amount of the Placement Shares have been sold, (iii) in accordance with the notice requirements set forth in Section 4, the Company suspends or terminates the Placement Notice for any reason, in its sole discretion, (iv) the Company issues a subsequent Placement Notice with parameters superseding those contained in the earlier dated Placement Notice, or (v) the Agreement has been terminated under the provisions of Section 11.   The amount of any discount, commission or other compensation to be paid by the Company to Cowen in connection with the sale of the Placement Shares shall be calculated in accordance with the terms set forth in Schedule 3 attached hereto.  It is expressly acknowledged and agreed that neither the Company nor Cowen will have any obligation whatsoever with respect to a Placement or any Placement Shares unless and until the
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Company delivers a Placement Notice to Cowen and Cowen does not decline such Placement Notice pursuant to the terms set forth above, and then only upon the terms specified therein and herein.  In the event of a conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the terms of a Placement Notice, the terms of the Placement Notice will control.
 
3.              Sale of Placement Shares by Cowen.  Subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, upon the Company's issuance of a Placement Notice, and unless the sale of the Placement Shares described therein has been declined, suspended, or otherwise terminated in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, Cowen, for the period specified in the Placement Notice, will use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable state and federal laws, rules and regulations and the rules of the Nasdaq Global Market ("NASDAQ") to sell such Placement Shares up to the amount specified in such Placement Notice, and otherwise in accordance with the terms of such Placement Notice.  Cowen will provide written confirmation to the Company (including by email correspondence to each of the individuals from the Company whose names are set forth on Schedule 2 attached hereto, if receipt of such correspondence is actually acknowledged by any of the individuals to whom the notice is sent, other than via auto-reply) no later than the opening of the Trading Day (as defined below) immediately following the Trading Day on which it has made sales of Placement Shares hereunder setting forth the number of Placement Shares sold on such day, the compensation payable by the Company to Cowen pursuant to Section 2 with respect to such sales, and the Net Proceeds (as defined below) payable to the Company, with an itemization of the deductions made by Cowen (as set forth in Section 5(a)) from the gross proceeds that it receives from such sales.  Cowen may sell Placement Shares by any method permitted by law deemed to be an "at the market" offering as defined in Rule 415 of the Securities Act, including without limitation sales made through NASDAQ, on any other existing trading market for the Common Stock or to or through a market maker.  If expressly authorized by the Company in a Placement Notice, Cowen may also sell Placement Shares in privately negotiated transactions.  Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 6(kk), Cowen shall not purchase Placement Shares for its own account as principal unless expressly authorized to do so by the Company in a Placement Notice.  The Company acknowledges and agrees that (i) there can be no assurance that Cowen will be successful in selling Placement Shares, and (ii) Cowen will incur no liability or obligation to the Company or any other person or entity if it does not sell Placement Shares for any reason other than a failure by Cowen to use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices to sell such Placement Shares as required under this Section 3.  For the purposes hereof, "Trading Day" means any day on which the Company's Common Stock is purchased and sold on the principal market on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted.
 
4.              Suspension of Sales.
 
(a)            The Company or Cowen may, upon notice to the other party in writing (including by email correspondence to each of the individuals of the other party whose names are set forth on Schedule 2, if receipt of such correspondence is actually acknowledged by any of the individuals to whom the notice is sent, other than via auto-reply) or by telephone (confirmed immediately by verifiable facsimile transmission or email correspondence to each of the individuals of the other party whose names are set forth on Schedule 2), suspend any sale of Placement Shares; provided, however, that such suspension shall not affect or impair either party's obligations with respect to any Placement Shares sold hereunder prior to the receipt of
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such notice.  Each of the Parties agrees that no such notice under this Section 4 shall be effective against the other unless it is made to one of the individuals named on Schedule 2 hereto, as such schedule may be amended from time to time in accordance herewith.
(b)            Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, during any period in which the Company is in possession of material non-public information, the Company and Cowen agree that (i) no sale of Placement Shares will take place, (ii) the Company shall not request the sale of any Placement Shares, and (iii) Cowen shall not be obligated to sell or offer to sell any Placement Shares.

(c)            If either Cowen or the Company has reason to believe that the exemptive provisions set forth in Rule 101(c)(1) of Regulation M under the Exchange Act are not satisfied with respect to the Common Stock, it shall promptly notify the other party, and Cowen may, at its sole discretion, suspend sales of the Placement Shares under this Agreement.  Cowen shall calculate on a weekly basis the average daily trading volume (as defined by Rule 100 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act) of the Common Stock.

5.              Settlement.
 
(a)             Settlement of Placement Shares.  Unless otherwise specified in the applicable Placement Notice, settlement for sales of Placement Shares will occur on the third (3rd) Trading Day (or such earlier day as is industry practice for regular-way trading) following the date on which such sales are made (each, a "Settlement Date" and the first such settlement date, the "First Delivery Date").  The amount of proceeds to be delivered to the Company on a Settlement Date against receipt of the Placement Shares sold (the "Net Proceeds") will be equal to the aggregate sales price received by Cowen at which such Placement Shares were sold, after deduction for (i) ▇▇▇▇▇'▇ commission, discount or other compensation for such sales payable by the Company pursuant to Section 2 hereof, (ii) any other amounts, if any, due and payable by the Company to Cowen hereunder pursuant to Section 7(g) (Expenses) hereof and (iii) any transaction fees imposed by any governmental or self-regulatory organization in respect of such sales.
 
(b)             Delivery of Placement Shares.  On or before each Settlement Date, the Company will, or will cause its transfer agent to, electronically transfer the Placement Shares being sold by crediting ▇▇▇▇▇'▇ or its designee's account (provided Cowen shall have given the Company written notice of such designee prior to the Settlement Date) at The Depository Trust Company through its Deposit and Withdrawal at Custodian System or by such other means of delivery as may be mutually agreed upon by the parties hereto which in all cases shall be freely tradeable, transferable, registered shares in good deliverable form.  On each Settlement Date, Cowen will deliver the related Net Proceeds in same day funds to an account designated by the Company on, or prior to, the Settlement Date.  The Company agrees that if the Company, or its transfer agent (if applicable), defaults in its obligation to deliver Placement Shares on a Settlement Date, the Company agrees that in addition to and in no way limiting the rights and obligations set forth in Section 9(a) (Indemnification and Contribution) hereto, it will (i) hold Cowen harmless against any loss, claim, damage, or expense (including reasonable legal fees and expenses), as incurred, arising out of or in connection with such default by the Company and (ii) pay to Cowen any
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commission, discount, or other compensation to which it would otherwise have been entitled absent such default.
 
6.              Representations and Warranties of the Company.  The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with, Cowen that as of the date of this Agreement and as of each Applicable Time (as defined in Section 20(a)):
 
(a)             Compliance with Registration Requirements.  The Registration Statement has been declared effective by the Commission and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement shall have become effective under the Securities Act.  No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, any post-effective amendment thereto or any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, if any, is in effect and no proceeding for such purpose or pursuant to Section 8A of the Securities Act has been initiated or, to the Company's knowledge, threatened by the Commission.  The Company meets the requirements for use of Form S‑3 under the Securities Act.  The proposed offering of the Common Stock may be made pursuant to General Instruction I.B.1. of Form S-3.
 
(b)             No Misstatement or Omission.  The Prospectus when filed complied and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will comply in all material respects with the Securities Act.  Each of the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the time it became effective, complied and, as of each Applicable Time and as of each of the Settlement Dates, if any, will comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and did not and, as of each Applicable Time and as of each of the Settlement Dates, if any, will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, as of its date, conformed and will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and did not and, as of each Applicable Time and as of each of the Settlement Dates, if any, will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The representations and warranties set forth in the two immediately preceding sentences do not apply to information contained in or omitted from the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, or any post-effective amendment thereto, or the Prospectus, or any amendments or supplements thereto, in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company in writing by Cowen expressly for use therein.  There are no contracts or other documents required to be described in the Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement which have not been described or filed as required.  The documents incorporated by reference in the Prospectus, when they became effective or were filed with the Commission, as the case may be, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and none of such documents contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and any further documents so filed and incorporated by reference in the Prospectus, when such documents are filed with Commission, will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or
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necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
 
(c)             Offering Materials Furnished to Cowen.  The Company has delivered to Cowen one complete copy of the Registration Statement and a copy of each consent and certificate of experts filed as a part thereof, and conformed copies of the Registration Statement (without exhibits) and the Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, in such quantities and at such places as Cowen has reasonably requested.
 
(d)             Distribution of Offering Material by the Company.  The Company has not, directly or indirectly, distributed and will not distribute any offering material in connection with the proposed offering and sale of the Placement Shares other than the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and other materials, if any, permitted under the Securities Act.
 
(e)             The Sales Agreement.  This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by, and is a valid and binding agreement of, the Company, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as rights to indemnification and contribution hereunder may be limited by applicable law and public policy considerations and except as the enforcement hereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors or by general equitable principles.
 
(f)             Authorization of the Placement Shares.  The authorized shares of capital stock of the Company, including the Placement Shares, conform in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus; the Company has an authorized, issued and outstanding capitalization as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus; the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company and the outstanding capital stock, limited liability company interests and partnership interests, as applicable, of each subsidiary of the Company (each, except where noted, a "Subsidiary" and, collectively, the "Subsidiaries"), have been duly and validly authorized and issued and in the case of capital stock, are fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued and sold by the Company or a Subsidiary, as applicable, in compliance with federal and applicable state securities laws; except as disclosed in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, there are no outstanding (i) securities or obligations of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries convertible into or exchangeable for any equity interests of the Company or any such Subsidiary, (ii) warrants, rights or options to subscribe for or purchase from the Company or any such Subsidiary any such equity interests or any such convertible or exchangeable securities or obligations, or (iii) obligations of the Company or any such Subsidiary to issue any equity interests, any such convertible or exchangeable securities or obligation, or any such warrants, rights or options; the description of the Company's incentive, bonus and other share plans or arrangements, and the options or other rights granted thereunder, set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus accurately and fairly presents the information required to be shown with respect to such plans, arrangements, options and rights.
 
(g)             No Applicable Registration or Other Similar Rights.  Except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, there are no contracts, agreements or understandings between the Company and any person granting such person registration or other similar rights to have any equity or debt securities, including securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for equity securities, registered pursuant to the Registration Statement or otherwise registered by
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the Company under the Securities Act; no person has a right of participation or first refusal with respect to the sale of the Placement Shares by the Company.
 
(h)             No Material Adverse Change.  Except as otherwise disclosed or incorporated by reference in the Prospectus, subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Prospectus: (i) there has been no material adverse change in the condition (financial or otherwise), results of operations, assets, business or prospects of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole (whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business) (any such change is called a "Material Adverse Change"); (ii) the Company and its Subsidiaries, considered as one entity, have not incurred any material liability or obligation, direct or contingent, other than liabilities and obligations which were incurred in the ordinary course of business, (iii) the Company and its Subsidiaries, considered as one entity, have not entered into any material transaction other than in the ordinary course of business or declared or paid any dividend on its capital stock, (iv) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has sustained any material loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree and (v) there has not been any material change in the capital stock (other than stock option and warrant exercises and stock repurchases in the ordinary course of business) or long-term debt of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
(i)             Independent Accountants.  (i) ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, Inc., who have certified certain financial statements of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries and expressed their opinions in reports with respect to the consolidated financial statements of the Company and the Subsidiaries filed with the Commission as part of the Registration Statement and Prospectus or incorporated by reference therein are, and were during the periods covered by its reports, an independent registered public accounting firm with respect to the Company as required by the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States)(the "PCAOB"); and (ii) to the Company's knowledge, ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, Inc. is not in violation of the auditor independence requirements of the ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇ Act of 2002, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission thereunder (the "▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇ Act").
 
(j)             Preparation of the Financial Statements.  The financial statements, including the notes thereto, included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and present fairly the consolidated financial position of the entities to which such financial statements relate (the "Covered Entities") as of the dates indicated and the consolidated results of operations and changes in financial position and cash flows of the Covered Entities for the periods specified; such financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles as applied in the United States ("GAAP") and on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except as may be expressly stated in the related notes thereto) and in accordance with Regulation S‑X promulgated by the Commission; the other financial data included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus fairly present the information shown therein and have been compiled on a basis consistent with the financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus; no other financial statements are required to be included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the
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Prospectus; no pro forma financial information is required to be included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.
 
(k)             Incorporation and Good Standing of the Company.  The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under and by virtue of the laws of the State of Delaware, with all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties, and conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, and is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business or licensed and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature or conduct of its business requires such qualification or license except to the extent that any failure to be so duly qualified or in good standing could not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the assets, business, management, operations, earnings, properties or condition (financial or otherwise), present or prospective, of the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole (any such effect, where the context so requires, is hereinafter called a "Material Adverse Effect"); except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock, limited liability company interests and partnership interests, as applicable, of each Subsidiary are owned by the Company directly or through Subsidiaries, free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance or claim; except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, no Subsidiary is prohibited or restricted, directly or indirectly, from paying dividends to the Company, or from making any other distribution with respect to such Subsidiary's capital stock, limited liability company interests or partnership interests, as applicable, or from repaying to the Company or any other Subsidiary any amounts that may from time to time become due under any loans or advances to such Subsidiary from the Company or such other Subsidiary, or from transferring any such Subsidiary's property or assets to the Company or to any other Subsidiary; other than as disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and the next paragraph, the Company does not own, directly or indirectly, any capital stock or other equity securities of any other corporation or any ownership interest in any partnership, joint venture or other association.  The Company does not own or control, directly or indirectly, any corporation, association or other entity other than the Subsidiaries listed in Exhibit 21.1 to the Company's Transition Report on Form 10-KT for the most recently ended fiscal year and other than (i) those Subsidiaries not required to be listed on Exhibit 21.1 by Item 601 of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act and (ii) those Subsidiaries formed since the last day of the most recently ended fiscal year.
 
(l)             Organization and Good Standing of the Subsidiaries.  The Subsidiaries have been duly incorporated, formed or organized, as the case may be, and are validly existing as a corporation , limited liability company or limited partnership, as applicable, in good standing under the laws of their respective jurisdictions of incorporation, formation or organization, as applicable, with all requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate their respective properties and to conduct their respective businesses as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus; each Subsidiary is duly qualified as a foreign corporation, limited liability company or limited partnership, as applicable, to transact business or licensed and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the conduct or nature of their business requires such qualification or license except to the extent that any failure to be so duly qualified or in good standing could not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
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(m)             FDA Trials.  Except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, there is no legal or governmental proceeding to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or of which any property or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is the subject, including any proceeding before the United States Food and Drug Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services ("FDA") or comparable federal, state, local or foreign governmental bodies (it being understood that the interactions between the Company and the FDA and such comparable governmental bodies relating to the testing, clinical development, manufacture and product approval process for its products shall not be deemed proceedings for purposes of this representation), which is required to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or a document incorporated by reference therein and is not described therein, or which, singularly or in the aggregate, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change; and to the Company's knowledge, no such proceedings are threatened or contemplated by governmental authorities.  The Company is in compliance with all applicable federal, state, local and foreign laws, regulations, orders and decrees governing its business as currently conducted, except where noncompliance would not, singularly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change.  All preclinical and clinical studies conducted by or on behalf of the Company and submitted to regulatory authorities to support approval for commercialization of the Company's products have been conducted by the Company, or to the Company's knowledge by third parties, in compliance with all applicable federal, state or foreign laws, rules, orders and regulations, except for such failure or failures to be in compliance as could not reasonably be expected to result in, singly or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Change.
 
(n)             Intentionally Omitted.
 
(o)             Non-Contravention of Existing Instruments.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in (i) violation of its charter or by-laws (or analogous governing instrument, as applicable), (ii) default in any respect, and no event has occurred which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute such a default, in the due performance or observance of any term, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, lease or other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or (iii) violation in any respect of any law, ordinance, governmental rule, regulation or court order, decree or judgment to which it or its property or assets may be subject (including, without limitation, those administrated by the FDA or by any foreign, federal, state or local governmental or regulatory authority performing functions similar to those performed by the FDA) except, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) of this paragraph (o), for any violations or defaults which, singularly or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.
 
(p)             No Conflicts.  The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Company, the issuance and sale of the Placement Shares by the Company and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will not (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) (i) conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, constitute a default or a Debt Repayment Triggering Event (as defined below) under, give rise to any right of termination or other right or the cancellation or acceleration of any right or obligation or loss of a benefit under, or give rise to the creation or imposition of any lien, encumbrance, security interest, claim or charge upon any property or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or
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instrument to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is subject, (ii) result in any violation of the provisions of the certificate of incorporation or by-laws (or analogous governing instruments, as applicable) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,  or (iii) result in a violation of any law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order or decree of any court or governmental agency or body, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its properties or assets; except in the cases of clauses (i) and (iii), to the extent that any such conflict, breach, violation or default could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.  A "Debt Repayment Triggering Event" means any event or condition that gives, or with the giving of notice or lapse of time would give the holder of any note, debenture or other evidence of material indebtedness (or any person acting on such holder's behalf) the right to require the repurchase, redemption or repayment of all or a portion of such indebtedness by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
(q)             No Consents Required.  Except for the registration of the Common Stock under the Securities Act and such consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications as may be required under the Exchange Act and applicable state or foreign securities laws, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") and NASDAQ in connection with the sale and issuance of the Placement Shares by the Company and the listing of the Placement Shares on NASDAQ, no consent, approval, authorization or order of, or filing, qualification or registration (each an "Authorization") with, any court, governmental or regulatory agency or body, foreign or domestic having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its properties or assets which has not been made, obtained or taken and is not in full force and effect, is required for the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Company, the offer or sale of the Placement Shares or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.  All corporate approvals necessary for the Company to issue, sell and deliver the Placement Shares have been obtained and are in effect.
 
(r)             Labor Disputes.  There is (A) no significant unfair labor practice complaint pending against the Company, or any of its Subsidiaries, nor to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against it or any of its Subsidiaries, before the National Labor Relations Board, any state or local labor relations board or any foreign labor relations board, and no significant grievance or significant arbitration proceeding arising out of or under any collective bargaining agreement is so pending against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company and (B) no labor disturbance by the employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries exists or, to the Company's knowledge, is imminent.  The Company is not aware that any key employee or significant group of employees of the Company or any Subsidiary plans to terminate employment with the Company or any such Subsidiary.
 
(s)             ERISA Compliance.  The Company, the Subsidiaries and their "ERISA Affiliates" (as defined below) and any "employee benefit plan" (as defined under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (collectively, "ERISA")) established or maintained by the Company, the Subsidiaries or their ERISA Affiliates or to which the Company, the Subsidiaries or their ERISA Affiliates contribute or are required to contribute are in compliance in all material respects with ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated
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thereunder and the corresponding provisions of applicable state income tax codes (the "Code"); "ERISA Affiliate" means any trade or business, whether or not incorporated, which with the Company or a Subsidiary is treated as a single employer under Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code; no such employee benefit plan is subject to Section 412 of the Code, Section 302 of ERISA or Title IV of ERISA; there has been no non-exempt "prohibited transaction" (as defined in Section 4975 of the Code or Section 406 or 407 of ERISA) for which the Company, the Subsidiaries or their ERISA Affiliates have any liability; each such employee benefit plan that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified and, to the knowledge of the Company, nothing has occurred, whether by action or failure to act, which would cause the loss of such qualification.
 
(t)             Title to Properties.  Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary owns any real property, and the Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all properties and assets reflected as owned in the financial statements referred to in Section 1(A)(j) above (or elsewhere in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus), in each case free and clear of any material security interests, mortgages, pledges, liens, encumbrances, equities, claims, and other defects or restrictions of any kind, except as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.  The real property, equipment and personal property held under lease by the Company or any Subsidiary are held under valid and enforceable leases, with such exceptions as are not material and do not materially interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such real property, equipment, or personal property by the Company or such Subsidiary.
 
(u)             All Necessary Permits, etc.  The Company and each of its Subsidiaries possesses all licenses, certificates, authorizations and permits issued by, and have made all declarations and filings with, the appropriate local, state, federal or foreign regulatory agencies or bodies (including, without limitation, those administered by the FDA or by any foreign, federal, state or local governmental or regulatory authority performing functions similar to those performed by the FDA) which are required for the ownership of their respective properties or the conduct of their respective businesses now operated by them as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (collectively, the "Governmental Permits") except where any failures to possess or make the same, singularly or in the aggregate, could not result in a Material Adverse Change.  The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all such Governmental Permits; all such Governmental Permits are valid and in full force and effect, except where the validity or failure to be in full force and effect could not, singularly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received written notification of any revocation, suspension, termination or invalidation (or proceedings related thereto) of any such Governmental Permit and to the knowledge of the Company, no event has occurred that allows or results in, or after notice or lapse of time or both would allow or result in, revocation, suspension, termination or invalidation (or proceedings related thereto) of any such Governmental Permit.  To the knowledge of the Company, the studies, tests and preclinical or clinical trials conducted by or on behalf of the Company that are described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (the "Company Studies and Trials") were and, if still pending, are being, conducted in all material respects in accordance with experimental protocols, procedures and controls pursuant to, where applicable, accepted professional scientific standards; the descriptions of the results of the Company Studies and Trials contained in the Registration Statement and Prospectus are accurate in all material respects; and the Company has not received any written notices or correspondence from the FDA or any foreign, state or local governmental
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body exercising comparable authority requiring the termination or suspension of any Company Studies or Trials which termination or suspension would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.
 
(v)             Tax Law Compliance.  The Company and its Subsidiaries each (i) have timely filed all necessary federal, state, local and foreign tax returns (or timely filed applicable extensions therefor) that have been required to be filed, and all such returns were true, complete and correct, (ii) have paid all federal, state, local and foreign taxes, assessments, governmental or other charges due and payable for which it is liable, including, without limitation, all sales and use taxes and all taxes which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is obligated to withhold from amounts owing to employees, creditors and third parties, and (iii) do not have any tax deficiency or claims outstanding or assessed or, to Company's knowledge, proposed against any of them, except those, in each of the cases described in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) of this paragraph (s), that could not, singularly or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.
 
(w)             Company Not an "Investment Company". Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is, and, after giving effect to the proposed offering of the Placement Shares and the application of the proceeds thereof as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, will be required to register as an "investment company" within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
 
(x)             Insurance.  The Company and each of its Subsidiaries carry, or are covered by, insurance in such amounts and covering such risks as is adequate for the conduct of the business of the Company taken as a whole and the value of their properties taken as a whole, and as is customary for companies engaged in similar businesses in similar industries.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business at a cost that could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.  All policies of insurance owned by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries are, to the Company's knowledge, in full force and effect and the Company and its Subsidiaries are in material compliance with the terms of such policies.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received written notice from any insurer, agent of such insurer or the broker of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that any material capital improvements or any other material expenditures (other than premium payments) are required or necessary to be made in order to continue such insurance.  None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries insures risk of loss through any captive insurance, risk retention group, reciprocal group or by means of any fund or pool of assets specifically set aside for contingent liabilities other than as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.
 
(y)             No Price Stabilization or Manipulation.  The Company has not taken or will take, directly or indirectly, any action designed or intended to stabilize or manipulate the price of any security of the Company, or which caused or resulted in, or which might in the future reasonably be expected to cause or result in, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Placement Shares.
 
(z)             Related Party Transactions.  There are no transactions, arrangements or other relationships between and/or among the Company, any of its affiliates (as such term is defined in
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Rule 405 of the Securities Act) and any unconsolidated entity, including, but not limited to, any structured finance, special purpose or limited purpose entity that could reasonably be expected to materially affect the Company's liquidity or the availability of or requirements for its capital resources required to be described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or a document incorporated by reference therein which have not been described as required.
 
(aa)             No Unlawful Contributions or Other Payments.  Neither the Company nor, to the  Company's knowledge, any employee or agent of the Company, has while acting on behalf of the Company (i) used any corporate funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, or (iii) made any other unlawful payment.
 
(bb)             Disclosure Controls.  The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain an effective system of "disclosure controls and procedures" (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) that has been designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission's rules and forms, including controls and procedures designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company's management, including the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
(cc)             Compliance with Environmental Laws.  The Company is in material compliance with all Environmental Statutes (as defined below) except to the extent that any failure to be in such compliance could not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.  Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, (i) none of the Company, nor any of the Subsidiaries has received any notice of, or has the Company any knowledge of, any occurrence or circumstance which, with notice or passage of time or both, would give rise to a claim under or pursuant to any federal, state or local environmental statute or regulation or under common law, pertaining to Hazardous Materials (as defined below) on or originating from any of the real property leased by the Company or any Subsidiary thereof (the "Leased Real Property") or any assets described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or any other real property occupied by any such party or arising out of the conduct of any such party, including without limitation a claim under or pursuant to any Environmental Statute (as defined below) and (ii) to the knowledge of the Company, the Leased Real Property is not included or proposed for inclusion on the National Priorities List issued pursuant to CERCLA (as defined below) by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (the "EPA") or, to the Company's knowledge, proposed for inclusion on any similar list or inventory issued pursuant to any other Environmental Statute or issued by any other Governmental Authority (as defined below).
 
As used herein, "Hazardous Material" shall include, without limitation, any petroleum product or waste (including crude oil or any fraction hereof, natural gas, liquefied gas, synthetic gas), flammable explosive, radioactive material, hazardous substance, hazardous material, hazardous waste, toxic substance, asbestos or related material, as defined by any federal, state or local environmental law, ordinance, rule or regulation including without limitation, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, as amended,
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42 U.S.C. Sections 9601‑9675 ("CERCLA"), the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act, as amended, 49 U.S.C. Sections 1801‑1819, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, as amended, 42 U.S.C. Sections 6901‑6992K, the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986, 42 U.S.C. Sections 11001‑11050, the Toxic Substances Control Act, 15 U.S.C. Sections 2601‑2671, the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act, 7 U.S.C. Sections 136‑136y, the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. Sections 7401‑7642, the Clean Water Act (Federal Water Pollution Control Act), 33 U.S.C. Sections 1251‑1387, the Safe Drinking Water Act, 42 U.S.C. Sections 300f‑300j‑26, and the Occupational Safety and Health Act, 29 U.S.C. Sections 651‑678, as any of the above statutes may be amended from time to time, and in the regulations promulgated pursuant to each of the foregoing (individually, an "Environmental Statute") or by any federal, state or local governmental authority having or claiming jurisdiction over the properties and assets described in the Prospectus (a "Governmental Authority").
(dd)             Intellectual Property.   The Company and its Subsidiaries own or possess the right to use all (i) patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark registrations, service marks, service ▇▇▇▇ registrations, Internet domain name registrations, copyrights, copyright registrations, licenses, trade secret rights ("Intellectual Property Rights") and (ii) inventions, software, works of authorships, trade marks, service marks, trade names, databases, formulae, know how, Internet domain names and other intellectual property (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary confidential information, systems, or procedures) (collectively, "Intellectual Property Assets") necessary to conduct their respective businesses as currently conducted, as described in the Prospectus.  The Company and its Subsidiaries have not received any opinion from their legal counsel concluding that any activities of their respective businesses infringe, misappropriate, or otherwise violate, valid and enforceable Intellectual Property Rights of any other person, and except as disclosed in writing to ▇▇▇▇▇ or its counsel, have not received written notice of any challenge, which is to the Company's knowledge still pending, by any other person to the rights of the Company and its Subsidiaries with respect to any Intellectual Property Rights or Intellectual Property Assets owned or used by the Company or its Subsidiaries.  To the knowledge of the Company, the Company and its Subsidiaries' respective businesses as now conducted do not give rise to any infringement of, any misappropriation of, or other violation of, any valid and enforceable Intellectual Property Rights of any other person.  To the Company's knowledge, all licenses for the use of the Intellectual Property Rights described in the Prospectus are valid, binding upon, and enforceable by or against the parties thereto in accordance to its terms.  The Company and its Subsidiaries have complied in all material respects with, and are not in breach nor have received written notice of any asserted or threatened claim of breach of any Intellectual Property license, and the Company has no knowledge of any breach or anticipated breach by any other person to any Intellectual Property license.  Except as described in the Prospectus or disclosed in writing to ▇▇▇▇▇ or its counsel, no claim has been made against the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries alleging the infringement by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of any patent, trademark, service ▇▇▇▇, trade name, copyright, trade secret, license in or other intellectual property right or franchise right of any person.  The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken all reasonable steps to protect, maintain and safeguard its Intellectual Property Rights, including the execution of appropriate nondisclosure and confidentiality agreements.  The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not result in the loss or impairment of or payment of any additional amounts with respect to, nor require the consent of any other person in respect of, the right of the Company and its Subsidiaries to own, use, or hold for use any of the Intellectual
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Property Rights as owned, used or held for use in the conduct of the business as currently conducted. The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable actions to obtain ownership of works of authorship and inventions made by its employees, consultants and contractors during the time they were employed by or under contract with the Company and its Subsidiaries and which relate to the business of the Company, or licenses to use such works of authorship or inventions.
 
(ee)             Brokers.  Except as contemplated in this Agreement, there is no broker, finder or other party that is entitled to receive from the Company any brokerage or finder's fee or other fee or commission as a result of any transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
 
(ff)             Stock Exchange Listing.  The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act, and is listed on the NASDAQ, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act or delisting the Common Stock from the NASDAQ, nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission or the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") is contemplating terminating such registration or listing.  The Placement Shares have been authorized for listing, upon official notice of issuance, on the NASDAQ.
 
(gg)             Minute Books.  The minute books of the Company have been made available to ▇▇▇▇▇ and counsel for ▇▇▇▇▇, and such books (i) contain a complete summary of all meetings and actions of the board of directors (including each board committee) and stockholders of the Company (or analogous governing bodies and interest holders, as applicable) since January 1, 2009 through the date of the latest meeting and action, and (ii) accurately in all material respects reflect all transactions referred to in such minutes.
 
(hh)             No Outstanding Loans or Other Indebtedness.  There are no outstanding loans, advances (except normal advances for business expenses in the ordinary course of business) or guarantees of indebtedness by the Company to or for the benefit of any of the officers or directors of the Company or any of their respective family members, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.  All transactions by the Company with office holders or control persons of the Company have been duly approved by the board of directors of the Company, or duly appointed committees or officers thereof, if and to the extent required under U.S. law.
 
(ii)             No Reliance.  The Company has not relied upon ▇▇▇▇▇ or legal counsel for ▇▇▇▇▇ for any legal, tax or accounting advice in connection with the offering and sale of the Placement Shares.
 
(jj)             ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇ Act.  There is and has been no failure on the part of the Company or the Subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of the Company, any of the Company's officers or directors, in their capacities as such, to comply in all material respects with any provision of the ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇ Act, including Section 402 related to loans and Sections 302 and 906 related to certifications.
 
(kk)             ▇▇▇▇▇ to Act as Principal.  The Company acknowledges and agrees that ▇▇▇▇▇ has informed the Company that ▇▇▇▇▇ may, to the extent permitted under the Securities Act and the
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Exchange Act, purchase and sell shares of Common Stock for its own account while this Agreement is in effect.
 
(ll)             Money-Laundering.  To the Company's knowledge, the operations of the Company are and have been conducted at all times in compliance in all material respects with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the "Money Laundering Laws"), and  to the Company's knowledge, no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending, or, to the Company's knowledge, threatened.
 
(mm)             Compliance with OFAC.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department ("OFAC"); and the Company will not directly or indirectly use the proceeds of the offering, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any Subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person or entity, for the purpose of financing the activities of any person currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC.
 
(nn)             Descriptions of Documents.  The descriptions in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus of legal or governmental proceedings, contracts, leases and other legal documents are accurate and present fairly the information required to be shown, and there are no legal or governmental proceedings, contracts, leases, or other documents of a character required to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement that are not described or filed as required; all agreements between the Company or any of the Subsidiaries and third parties expressly referenced in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company or one or more of the Subsidiaries, enforceable against the Company or such Subsidiary in accordance with their respective terms, except to the extent as may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally, and by general principles of equity.
 
(oo)             Company's Accounting System.  The Company maintains a system of internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act that complies with the requirements of the Exchange Act and has been designed by the Company's principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or under their supervision, to provide reasonable assurances that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management's general or specific authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain accountability for assets; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management's general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.   Except as described in the Registration and the Prospectus, since the end of the Company's most recent audited fiscal year, there has been (A) no material weakness in the Company's
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internal control over financial reporting (whether or not remediated) and (B) no change in the Company's internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
 
(pp)             Audit Committee.  The Company's Board of Directors has validly appointed an audit committee whose composition satisfies the requirements of Rule 5605(c) of the Rules of NASDAQ and Section 10A-3 of the Exchange Act and the Board of Directors and/or the audit committee has adopted a charter that satisfies the requirements of Rule 5605(c) of the Rules of NASDAQ and Section 10A-3 of the Exchange Act.
 
(qq)             Off Balance Sheet Transactions.  Except as described in the Prospectus, there are no material off-balance sheet transactions, arrangements, obligations (including contingent obligations), or any other relationships with unconsolidated entities or other persons, that may have a material current or future effect on the Company's financial condition, changes in financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures, capital resources, or significant components of revenues or expenses.
 
(rr)             No Transfer Taxes or Other Fees.  There are no transfer taxes or other similar fees or charges under federal law or the applicable laws of any state, or any political subdivision thereof, required to be paid in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the issuance and sale by the Company of the Placement Shares.
 
(ss)             Compliance with FCPA.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is aware of or has taken any action, directly or indirectly, that would result in a violation by such persons of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder ("FCPA"), including, without limitation, making use of the mails or any means or instrumentality of interstate commerce corruptly in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay or authorization of the payment of any money, or other property, gift, promise to give, or authorization of the giving of anything of value to any "foreign official" (as such term is defined in the FCPA) or any foreign political party or official thereof or any candidate for foreign political office, in contravention of the FCPA, and the Company, its Subsidiaries, and to the knowledge of the Company, its affiliates have conducted their businesses in compliance with the FCPA and have instituted and maintain policies and procedures designed to ensure, and which are reasonably expected to continue to ensure, continued compliance therewith.
 
(tt)             Independent Directors.  The Board of Directors of the Company has determined that each of the directors of the Company described as an "Independent Director" in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus is "independent" in accordance with the rules and regulations of the NASDAQ.
 
(uu)             Statistical and Market Data.  The statistical and market-related data included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are based on or derived from sources the Company believes to be reliable and accurate.
 
(vv)             Forward-Looking Statements.  No forward-looking statement (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act) contained in the
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Registration Statement and the Prospectus has been made or reaffirmed without a reasonable basis or has been disclosed other than in good faith.
 
(ww)             Intentionally Omitted.
 
(xx)             FINRA Exemption.  To enable ▇▇▇▇▇ to rely on Rule 5110(b)(7)(C)(i) of FINRA, the Company represents that the Company (i) has a non-affiliate, public common equity float of at least $150 million or a non-affiliate, public common equity float of at least $100 million and annual trading volume of at least three million shares and (ii) has been subject to the Exchange Act reporting requirements for a period of at least 36 months.
 
(yy)             FINRA Matters.  Neither the Company nor, to the Company's knowledge, any of its affiliates (within the meaning of FINRA Rule 5121(f)) directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, or is an associated person (within the meaning of Article I, Section 1(ee) of the By-laws of FINRA) of, any member firm of FINRA.
 
Any certificate signed by any officer of the Company and delivered to ▇▇▇▇▇ or to counsel for ▇▇▇▇▇ shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty by the Company to ▇▇▇▇▇ as to the matters set forth therein.
The Company acknowledges that ▇▇▇▇▇ and, for purposes of the opinions to be delivered pursuant to Section 7 hereof, counsel to the Company and counsel to ▇▇▇▇▇, will rely upon the accuracy and truthfulness of the foregoing representations and hereby consents to such reliance.
7.              Covenants of the Company.  The Company covenants and agrees with ▇▇▇▇▇ that:
 
(a)             Registration Statement Amendments.  After the date of this Agreement and during any period in which a Prospectus relating to any Placement Shares is required to be delivered by ▇▇▇▇▇ under the Securities Act (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule 172 under the Securities Act) (the "Prospectus Delivery Period"), (i) the Company will notify ▇▇▇▇▇ promptly of the time when any subsequent amendment to the Registration Statement, other than documents incorporated by reference, has been filed with the Commission and/or has become effective or any subsequent supplement to the Prospectus has been filed and of any request by the Commission for any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus or for additional information, (ii) the Company will prepare and file with the Commission, promptly upon ▇▇▇▇▇'▇ request, any amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or Prospectus that, in ▇▇▇▇▇'▇ reasonable opinion, may be necessary or advisable to comply with law in connection with the distribution of the Placement Shares by ▇▇▇▇▇ (provided, however, that the failure of ▇▇▇▇▇ to make such request shall not relieve the
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Company of any obligation or liability hereunder, or affect ▇▇▇▇▇'▇ right to rely on the representations and warranties made by the Company in this Agreement); (iii) the Company will not file any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus, other than documents incorporated by reference, relating to the Placement Shares or a security convertible into the Placement Shares unless a copy thereof has been submitted to ▇▇▇▇▇ within a reasonable period of time before the filing and ▇▇▇▇▇ has not reasonably objected thereto (provided, however, that the failure of ▇▇▇▇▇ to make such objection shall not relieve the Company of any obligation or liability hereunder, or affect ▇▇▇▇▇'▇ right to rely on the representations and warranties made by the Company in this Agreement) and the Company will furnish to ▇▇▇▇▇ at the time of filing thereof a copy of any document that upon filing is deemed to be incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement or Prospectus, except for those documents available via IDEA; and (iv) the Company will cause each amendment or supplement to the Prospectus, other than documents incorporated by reference, to be filed with the Commission as required pursuant to the applicable paragraph of Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act.
 
(b)             Notice of Commission Stop Orders.  The Company will advise ▇▇▇▇▇, promptly after it receives notice or obtains knowledge thereof, of the issuance or threatened issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of any order preventing or suspending the use of the Prospectus, of the suspension of the qualification of the Placement Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for any such purpose or of any request by the Commission for the amending or supplementing of the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or for additional information; and it will promptly use its commercially reasonable efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop order or of any order preventing or suspending the use of the Prospectus or suspending any such qualification, or to obtain its withdrawal if such a stop order should be issued.
 
(c)             Delivery of Prospectus; Subsequent Changes.  During the Prospectus Delivery Period, the Company will comply with all requirements imposed upon it by the Securities Act, as from time to time in force, and to file on or before their respective due dates all reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, 15(d) or any other provision of or under the Exchange Act.  If during such period any event occurs as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances then existing, not misleading, or if during such period it is necessary to amend or supplement the Registration Statement or Prospectus to comply with the Securities Act, the Company will promptly notify ▇▇▇▇▇ to suspend the offering of Placement Shares during such period and the Company will promptly amend or supplement the Registration Statement or Prospectus (at the expense of the Company) so as to correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance.
 
(d)             Listing of Placement Shares.  During the Prospectus Delivery Period, the Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Placement Shares to be listed on NASDAQ and to qualify the Placement Shares for sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions as ▇▇▇▇▇ reasonably designates and to continue such qualifications in effect so long as required for the distribution of the Placement Shares; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith to qualify as a foreign corporation or dealer in securities or file a general consent to service of process in any jurisdiction.
 
(e)             Delivery of Registration Statement and Prospectus.  The Company will furnish to ▇▇▇▇▇ and its counsel (at the expense of the Company) copies of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus (including all documents incorporated by reference therein) and all amendments and supplements to the Registration Statement or Prospectus that are filed with the Commission during the Prospectus Delivery Period (including all documents filed with the Commission
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during such period that are deemed to be incorporated by reference therein), in each case as soon as reasonably practicable and in such quantities as ▇▇▇▇▇ may from time to time reasonably request and, at ▇▇▇▇▇'▇ request, will also furnish copies of the Prospectus to each exchange or market on which sales of the Placement Shares may be made; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to furnish any document (other than the Prospectus) to ▇▇▇▇▇ to the extent such document is available on IDEA.
 
(f)             Earnings Statement.  The Company will make generally available to its security holders as soon as practicable, but in any event not later than 15 months after the end of the Company's current fiscal quarter, an earnings statement of the Company and its Subsidiaries (which need not be audited) covering a 12-month period that satisfies the provisions of Section 11(a) and Rule 158 of the Securities Act.
 
(g)             Expenses.  The Company, whether or not the transactions contemplated hereunder are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, in accordance with the provisions of Section 11 hereunder, will pay the following expenses all incident to the performance of its obligations hereunder, including, but not limited to, expenses relating to (i) the preparation, printing and filing of the Registration Statement and each amendment and supplement thereto, of each Prospectus and of each amendment and supplement or exhibit thereto or any document incorporated by reference therein, (ii) the preparation, issuance and delivery of the Placement Shares and any taxes payable in connection therewith, (iii) the qualification of the Placement Shares under securities laws in accordance with the provisions of Section 7(d) of this Agreement, including filing fees, (iv) the printing and delivery to ▇▇▇▇▇ of copies of the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, and of this Agreement, (v) the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the listing or qualification of the Placement Shares for trading on NASDAQ and (vi) filing fees and expenses, if any, of the Commission and the FINRA Corporate Financing Department; including only the fees or disbursements of counsel for ▇▇▇▇▇ in connection with any filings required to be made with the FINRA Corporate Financing Department.
 
(h)             Use of Proceeds.  The Company will use the Net Proceeds as described in the Prospectus in the section entitled "Use of Proceeds."
 
(i)             Notice of Other Sales.  During the pendency of any Placement Notice given hereunder, and for 5 trading days following the termination of any Placement Notice given hereunder, the Company shall provide ▇▇▇▇▇ notice as promptly as reasonably possible before it offers to sell, contracts to sell, sells, grants any option to sell or otherwise disposes of any shares of Common Stock (other than Placement Shares offered pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement) or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock, warrants or any rights to purchase or acquire Common Stock; provided, that such notice shall not be required in connection with the (i) issuance, grant or sale of Common Stock, options to purchase shares of Common Stock or Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of options or other equity awards pursuant to the any stock option, stock bonus or other stock plan or arrangement described in the Prospectus, (ii) the issuance of securities in connection with an acquisition, merger or sale or purchase of assets, (iii) the issuance or sale of Common Stock pursuant to any dividend reinvestment plan that the Company may adopt from time to time provided the implementation of such is disclosed to ▇▇▇▇▇ in advance, (iv) any shares of common stock issuable upon the exchange, conversion or redemption of securities or the exercise of warrants, options or other
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rights in effect or outstanding, or (v) Common Stock required to be issued pursuant to contractual obligations of the Company in effect as of the date of this Agreement.
 
(j)             Change of Circumstances.  The Company will, at any time during a fiscal quarter in which the Company intends to tender a Placement Notice or sell Placement Shares, advise ▇▇▇▇▇ promptly after it shall have received notice or obtained knowledge thereof, of any information or fact that would alter or affect in any material respect any opinion, certificate, letter or other document provided to ▇▇▇▇▇ pursuant to this Agreement, provided that the Company may satisfy its obligations under this Section 7(j) by effecting a filing in accordance with the Exchange Act with respect to such information or fact.
 
(k)             Due Diligence Cooperation.  The Company will cooperate with any reasonable due diligence review conducted by ▇▇▇▇▇ or its agents in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, including, without limitation, providing information and making available documents and senior corporate officers, during regular business hours and at the Company's principal offices, as ▇▇▇▇▇ may reasonably request from time to time.
 
(l)             Required Filings Relating to Placement of Placement Shares.  The Company agrees that on such dates as the Securities Act shall require, the Company will (i) file a prospectus supplement with the Commission under the applicable paragraph of Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act (each and every filing under Rule 424(b), a "Filing Date"), which prospectus supplement will set forth, within the relevant period, the amount of Placement Shares sold through ▇▇▇▇▇, the Net Proceeds to the Company and the compensation payable by the Company to ▇▇▇▇▇ with respect to such Placement Shares, and (ii) deliver such number of copies of each such prospectus supplement to each exchange or market on which such sales were effected as may be required by the rules or regulations of such exchange or market.
 
(m)             Representation Dates; Certificate.  On or prior to the First Delivery Date and each time the Company (i) files a Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares or amends or supplements the Registration Statement or a Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares (other than a prospectus supplement filed in accordance with Section 7(l) of this Agreement) by means of a post-effective amendment, sticker, or supplement but not by means of incorporation of document(s) by reference to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares; (ii) files an annual report on Form 10-K under the Exchange Act; (iii) files its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q under the Exchange Act; or (iv) files a report on Form 8-K containing amended financial information (other than an earnings release) under the Exchange Act (each date of filing of one or more of the documents referred to in clauses (i) through (iv) shall be a "Representation Date"); the Company shall furnish ▇▇▇▇▇ with a certificate, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 7(m) within three (3) Trading Days of any Representation Date if requested by ▇▇▇▇▇.  The requirement to provide a certificate under this Section 7(m) shall be waived for any Representation Date occurring at a time at which no Placement Notice is pending, which waiver shall continue until the earlier to occur of the date the Company delivers a Placement Notice hereunder (which for such calendar quarter shall be considered a Representation Date) and the next occurring Representation Date; provided, however, that such waiver shall not apply for any Representation Date on which the Company files its annual report on Form 10-K.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company subsequently decides to sell Placement Shares following a Representation Date when the Company relied on such waiver and did not provide ▇▇▇▇▇ with a certificate under this Section 7(m), then before the Company
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delivers the Placement Notice or ▇▇▇▇▇ sells any Placement Shares, the Company shall provide ▇▇▇▇▇ with a certificate, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 7(m), dated the date of the Placement Notice.
 
(n)             Legal Opinion; Negative Assurance Statement.  On the date hereof and within three (3) Trading Days of each Representation Date with respect to which the Company is obligated to deliver a certificate in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 7(m) for which no waiver is applicable, the Company shall cause (i) ▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ LLP, or other counsel satisfactory to ▇▇▇▇▇ to furnish to ▇▇▇▇▇ (A) a written opinion and (B) a negative assurances statement each in form and substance satisfactory to ▇▇▇▇▇ and its counsel, dated the date that the opinion is required to be delivered and in the case of any legal opinion or negative assurance statement given with respect to a Representation Date, substantially similar to paragraphs 8 and 11 of the legal opinion initially given hereunder and the negative assurance letter initially given by ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ LLP hereunder, modified, as necessary in each case, to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented and (ii) ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Borun LLP (collectively with ▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ LLP, "Company Counsel"), or other counsel satisfactory to ▇▇▇▇▇ to furnish to ▇▇▇▇▇ a negative assurances statement in form and substance satisfactory to ▇▇▇▇▇ and its counsel, dated the date that the negative assurance statement is required to be delivered and substantially similar to the negative assurance statement initially given by ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Borun LLP hereunder, modified, as necessary, to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented; provided, however, that in lieu of such opinion and negative assurance statement for subsequent Representation Dates, counsel may furnish ▇▇▇▇▇ with a letter (a "Reliance Letter") to the effect that ▇▇▇▇▇ may rely on a prior opinion and a prior negative assurance statement delivered under this Section 7(n) to the same extent as if it were dated the date of such letter (except that statements in such prior opinion and negative assurance statement shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended or supplemented at such Representation Date).
 
(o)             Comfort Letter.  On the date hereof and within three (3) Trading Days of each Representation Date with respect to which the Company is obligated to deliver a certificate in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 7(m) for which no waiver is applicable, the Company shall cause its independent accountants to furnish ▇▇▇▇▇ letters (the "Comfort Letters"), dated the date hereof or the applicable Representation Date, as the case may be, in form and substance satisfactory to ▇▇▇▇▇, (i) confirming that they are an independent registered public accounting firm within the meaning of the Securities Act and the PCAOB, (ii) stating, as of such date, the conclusions and findings of such firm with respect to the financial information and other matters ordinarily covered by accountants' "comfort letters" to ▇▇▇▇▇ in connection with registered public offerings (the first such letter, the "Initial Comfort Letter") and (iii) updating the Initial Comfort Letter with any information that would have been included in the Initial Comfort Letter had it been given on such date and modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, as amended and supplemented to the date of such letter.
 
(p)             Market Activities.  The Company will not, directly or indirectly, (i) take any action designed to cause or result in, or that constitutes or might reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Placement Shares or (ii) sell, bid for, or purchase the Placement Shares to be issued and sold pursuant to this Agreement, or pay anyone any compensation for soliciting
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purchases of the Common Stock other than ▇▇▇▇▇; provided, however, that the Company may bid for and purchase shares of its common stock in accordance with Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act.
 
(q)             Insurance.  The Company and its Subsidiaries shall maintain, or caused to be maintained, insurance in such amounts and covering such risks as is reasonable and customary for the business for which it is engaged.
 
(r)             Compliance with Laws.  The Company and each of its Subsidiaries shall maintain, or cause to be maintained, all material environmental permits, licenses and other authorizations required by federal, state and local law in order to conduct their businesses as described in the Prospectus, and the Company and each of its Subsidiaries shall conduct their businesses, or cause their businesses to be conducted, in substantial compliance with such permits, licenses and authorizations and with applicable environmental laws, except where the failure to maintain or be in compliance with such permits, licenses and authorizations could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
 
(s)             Investment Company Act.  The Company will conduct its affairs in such a manner so as to reasonably ensure that neither it nor the Subsidiaries will be or become, at any time prior to the termination of this Agreement, an "investment company," as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act, assuming no change in the Commission's current interpretation as to entities that are not considered an investment company.
 
(t)             Securities Act and Exchange Act.  The Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to comply with all requirements imposed upon it by the Securities Act and the Exchange Act as from time to time in force, so far as necessary to permit the continuance of sales of, or dealings in, the Placement Shares as contemplated by the provisions hereof and the Prospectus.
 
(u)             No Offer to Sell.  Other than a free writing prospectus (as defined in Rule 405 under the Act) approved in advance by the Company and ▇▇▇▇▇ in its capacity as principal or agent hereunder, neither ▇▇▇▇▇ nor the Company (including its agents and representatives, other than ▇▇▇▇▇ in its capacity as such) will make, use, prepare, authorize, approve or refer to any written communication (as defined in Rule 405 under the Act), required to be filed with the Commission, that constitutes an offer to sell or solicitation of an offer to buy Common Stock hereunder.
 
(v)             ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇ Act.  The Company and the Subsidiaries will use their commercially reasonable efforts to comply in all material respects with all effective applicable provisions of the ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇ Act.
 
8.              Conditions to ▇▇▇▇▇'▇ Obligations. The obligations of ▇▇▇▇▇ hereunder with respect to a Placement will be subject to the continuing accuracy and completeness of the representations and warranties made by the Company herein, to the due performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder, to the completion by ▇▇▇▇▇ of a due diligence review satisfactory to ▇▇▇▇▇ in its reasonable judgment, and to the continuing satisfaction (or waiver by ▇▇▇▇▇ in its sole discretion) of the following additional conditions:
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(a)             Registration Statement Effective.  The Registration Statement shall be effective and shall be available for (i) all sales of Placement Shares issued pursuant to all prior Placement Notices and (ii) the sale of all Placement Shares contemplated to be issued by any Placement Notice.
 
(b)             No Material Notices.  None of the following events shall have occurred and be continuing:  (i) receipt by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of any request for additional information from the Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority during the period of effectiveness of the Registration Statement, the response to which would require any post-effective amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus; (ii) the issuance by the Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the initiation of any proceedings for that purpose; (iii) receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification or exemption from qualification of any of the Placement Shares for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose; (iv) the occurrence of any event that makes any material statement made in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any material document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference untrue in any material respect or that requires the making of any changes in the Registration Statement, related Prospectus or such documents so that, in the case of the Registration Statement, it will not contain any materially untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading and, that in the case of the Prospectus, it will not contain any materially untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
 
(c)             No Misstatement or Material Omission.  ▇▇▇▇▇ shall not have advised the Company that the Registration Statement or Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, contains an untrue statement of fact that in ▇▇▇▇▇'▇ reasonable opinion is material, or omits to state a fact that in ▇▇▇▇▇'▇ opinion is material and is required to be stated therein or is necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.
 
(d)             Material Changes.  Except as contemplated in the Prospectus, or disclosed in the Company's reports filed with the Commission, there shall not have been any material adverse change, on a consolidated basis, in the authorized capital stock of the Company or any Material Adverse Change or any development that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change, or any downgrading in or withdrawal of the rating assigned to any of the Company's securities (other than asset backed securities) by any rating organization or a public announcement by any rating organization that it has under surveillance or review its rating of any of the Company's securities (other than asset backed securities), the effect of which, in the case of any such action by a rating organization described above, in the reasonable judgment of ▇▇▇▇▇ (without relieving the Company of any obligation or liability it may otherwise have), is so material as to make it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the offering of the Placement Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus.
 
(e)             Company Counsel Legal Opinion.  ▇▇▇▇▇ shall have received the legal opinion and negative assurances statement of Company Counsel required to be delivered pursuant Section
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7(n) on or before the date on which such delivery of such materials is required pursuant to Section 7(n).
 
(f)             ▇▇▇▇▇ Counsel Legal Opinion.  ▇▇▇▇▇ shall have received from ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Procter LLP, counsel for ▇▇▇▇▇, such opinion or opinions, on or before the date on which the delivery of the Company Counsel legal opinion is required pursuant to Section 7(n), with respect to such matters as ▇▇▇▇▇ may reasonably require, and the Company shall have furnished to such counsel such documents as they request for enabling them to pass upon such matters.
 
(g)             Comfort Letter.  ▇▇▇▇▇ shall have received the Comfort Letter required to be delivered pursuant Section 7(o) on or before the date on which such delivery of such letter is required pursuant to Section 7(o).
 
(h)             Representation Certificate.  ▇▇▇▇▇ shall have received the certificate required to be delivered pursuant to Section 7(m) on or before the date on which delivery of such certificate is required pursuant to Section 7(m).
 
(i)             No Suspension.  Trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended on NASDAQ.
 
(j)             Other Materials.  On each date on which the Company is required to deliver a certificate pursuant to Section 7(m), the Company shall have furnished to ▇▇▇▇▇ such appropriate further information, certificates and documents as ▇▇▇▇▇ may have reasonably requested. All such opinions, certificates, letters and other documents shall have been in compliance with the provisions hereof. The Company will furnish ▇▇▇▇▇ with such conformed copies of such opinions, certificates, letters and other documents as ▇▇▇▇▇ shall have reasonably requested.
 
(k)             Securities Act Filings Made.  All filings with the Commission required by Rule 424 under the Securities Act to have been filed prior to the issuance of any Placement Notice hereunder shall have been made within the applicable time period prescribed for such filing by Rule 424.
 
(l)             Approval for Listing.  The Placement Shares shall either have been (i) approved for listing on NASDAQ, subject only to notice of issuance, or (ii) the Company shall have filed an application for listing of the Placement Shares on NASDAQ at, or prior to, the issuance of any Placement Notice.
 
(m)             No Termination Event.  There shall not have occurred any event that would permit ▇▇▇▇▇ to terminate this Agreement pursuant to Section 11(a).
 
9.              Indemnification and Contribution.
 
(a)             Company Indemnification.  The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless ▇▇▇▇▇, the directors, officers, partners, employees and agents of ▇▇▇▇▇ and each person, if any, who (i) controls ▇▇▇▇▇ within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, or (ii) is controlled by or is under common control with Cowen (a "Cowen Affiliate") from and against any and all losses, claims, liabilities, expenses and damages
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(including, but not limited to, any and all reasonable investigative, legal and other expenses  incurred in connection with, and any and all amounts paid in settlement (in accordance with Section 9(c)) of, any action, suit or proceeding between any of the indemnified parties and any indemnifying parties or between any indemnified party and any third party, or otherwise, or any claim asserted), as and when incurred, to which Cowen, or any such person, may become subject under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or other federal or state statutory law or regulation, at common law or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, liabilities, expenses or damages arise out of or are based, directly or indirectly, on (x) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or in any free writing prospectus or based on written information furnished by or on behalf of the Company filed in any jurisdiction in order to qualify the Common Stock under the securities laws thereof or filed with the Commission, (y) the omission or alleged omission to state in any such document a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein in light of (other than the case of the Registration Statement) the circumstances under which they were made not misleading or (z) any breach by any of the indemnifying parties of any of their respective representations, warranties and agreements contained in this Agreement; provided, however, that this indemnity agreement shall not apply to the extent that such loss, claim, liability, expense or damage arises from the sale of the Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement and is caused directly or indirectly by an untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission, made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information relating to Cowen and furnished to the Company by Cowen expressly for inclusion in any document as described in clause (x) of this Section 9(a). This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability that the Company might otherwise have.
 
(b)             Cowen Indemnification. Cowen agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company and its directors and each officer of the Company that signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who (i) controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act or (ii) is controlled by or is under common control with the Company (a "Company Affiliate") against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense described in the indemnity contained in Section 9(a), as incurred, but only with respect to untrue statements or omissions, or alleged untrue statements or omissions, made in the Registration Statement (or any amendments thereto) or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) in reliance upon and in conformity with written information relating to Cowen and furnished to the Company by Cowen expressly for inclusion in any document as described in clause (x) of Section 9(a).
 
(c)             Procedure.  Any party that proposes to assert the right to be indemnified under this Section 9 will, promptly after receipt of notice of commencement of any action against such party in respect of which a claim is to be made against an indemnifying party or parties under this Section 9, notify each such indemnifying party of the commencement of such action, enclosing a copy of all papers served, but the omission so to notify such indemnifying party will not relieve the indemnifying party from (i) any liability that it might have to any indemnified party otherwise than under this Section 9 and (ii) any liability that it may have to any indemnified party under the foregoing provision of this Section 9 unless, and only to the extent that, such omission results in the forfeiture of substantive rights or defenses by the indemnifying party. If any such action is brought against any indemnified party and it notifies the indemnifying
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party of its commencement, the indemnifying party will be entitled to participate in and, to the extent that it elects by delivering written notice to the indemnified party promptly after receiving notice of the commencement of the action from the indemnified party, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense of the action, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party, and after notice from the indemnifying party to the indemnified party of its election to assume the defense, the indemnifying party will not be liable to the indemnified party for any legal or other expenses except as provided below and except for the reasonable costs of investigation subsequently incurred by the indemnified party in connection with the defense. The indemnified party will have the right to employ its own counsel in any such action, but the fees, expenses and other charges of such counsel will be at the expense of such indemnified party unless (1) the employment of counsel by the indemnified party has been authorized in writing by the indemnifying party, (2) the indemnified party has reasonably concluded (based on advice of counsel) that there may be legal defenses available to it or other indemnified parties that are different from or in addition to those available to the indemnifying party, (3) a conflict or potential conflict exists (based on advice of counsel to the indemnified party) between the indemnified party and the indemnifying party (in which case the indemnifying party will not have the right to direct the defense of such action on behalf of the indemnified party) or (4) the indemnifying party has not in fact employed counsel to assume the defense of such action within a reasonable time after receiving notice of the commencement of the action, in each of which cases the reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of counsel will be at the expense of the indemnifying party or parties. It is understood that the indemnifying party or parties shall not, in connection with any proceeding or related proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of more than one separate firm admitted to practice in such jurisdiction at any one time for all such indemnified party or parties. All such fees, disbursements and other charges will be reimbursed by the indemnifying party promptly as they are incurred. An indemnifying party will not, in any event, be liable for any settlement of any action or claim effected without its written consent.  No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of each indemnified party, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment in any pending or threatened claim, action or proceeding relating to the matters contemplated by this Section 9 (whether or not any indemnified party is a party thereto), unless such settlement, compromise or consent includes an unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising or that may arise out of such claim, action or proceeding.
 
(d)             Contribution.  In order to provide for just and equitable contribution in circumstances in which the indemnification provided for in the foregoing paragraphs of this Section 9 is applicable in accordance with its terms but for any reason is held to be unavailable from the Company or Cowen, the Company and Cowen will contribute to the total losses, claims, liabilities, expenses and damages (including any investigative, legal and other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with, and any amount paid in settlement of, any action, suit or proceeding or any claim asserted, but after deducting any contribution received by the Company from persons other than Cowen, such as persons who control the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act, officers of the Company who signed the Registration Statement and directors of the Company, who also may be liable for contribution) to which the Company and Cowen may be subject in such proportion as shall be appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and Cowen on the other. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and Cowen on the other hand shall be deemed to be in
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the same proportion as the total Net Proceeds from the sale of the Placement Shares (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear to the total compensation received by Cowen from the sale of Placement Shares on behalf of the Company.  If, but only if, the allocation provided by the foregoing sentence is not permitted by applicable law, the allocation of contribution shall be made in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in the foregoing sentence but also the relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and Cowen, on the other, with respect to the statements or omission that resulted in such loss, claim, liability, expense or damage, or action in respect thereof, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations with respect to such offering. Such relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or Cowen, the intent of the parties and their relative knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company and Cowen agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this Section 9(d) were to be determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to herein. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the loss, claim, liability, expense, or damage, or action in respect thereof, referred to above in this Section 9(d) shall be deemed to include, for the purpose of this Section 9(d), any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim to the extent consistent with Section 9(c) hereof.  Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 9(d), Cowen shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the commissions received by it under this Agreement and no person found guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) will be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. For purposes of this Section 9(d), any person who controls a party to this Agreement within the meaning of the Securities Act, and any officers, directors, partners, employees or agents of Cowen, will have the same rights to contribution as that party, and each officer of the Company who signed the Registration Statement will have the same rights to contribution as the Company, subject in each case to the provisions hereof. Any party entitled to contribution, promptly after receipt of notice of commencement of any action against such party in respect of which a claim for contribution may be made under this Section 9(d), will notify any such party or parties from whom contribution may be sought, but the omission to so notify will not relieve that party or parties from whom contribution may be sought from any other obligation it or they may have under this Section 9(d) except to the extent that the failure to so notify such other party materially prejudiced the substantive rights or defenses of the party from whom contribution is sought. Except for a settlement entered into pursuant to the last sentence of Section 9(c) hereof, no party will be liable for contribution with respect to any action or claim settled without its written consent if such consent is required pursuant to Section 9(c) hereof.
 
10.              Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery.  The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in Section 9 of this Agreement and all representations and warranties of the Company herein or in certificates delivered pursuant hereto shall survive and remain in full force and effect,  regardless of (i) any investigation made by or on behalf of Cowen, any controlling persons, or the Company (or any of their respective officers, directors or controlling persons), (ii) delivery and acceptance of the Placement Shares and payment therefor or (iii) any termination of this Agreement.
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11.              Termination.
 
(a)             Cowen shall have the right by giving notice as hereinafter specified at any time to terminate this Agreement if (i) any Material Adverse Change, or any development that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change has occurred that, in the reasonable judgment of Cowen, may materially impair the ability of Cowen to sell the Placement Shares hereunder, (ii) the Company shall have failed, refused or been unable to perform any agreement on its part to be performed hereunder; provided, however, in the case of any failure of the Company to deliver (or cause another person to deliver) any certification, opinion, or letter required under Sections 7(m), 7(n), or 7(o), ▇▇▇▇▇'▇ right to terminate shall not arise unless such failure to deliver (or cause to be delivered) continues for more than thirty (30) days from the date such delivery was required; or (iii) any other condition of ▇▇▇▇▇'▇ obligations hereunder is not fulfilled, or (iv) any suspension or limitation of trading in the Common Stock or in securities generally on NASDAQ shall have occurred.  Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Section 7(g) (Expenses), Section 9 (Indemnification and Contribution), Section 10 (Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery), Section 16 (Applicable Law; Consent to Jurisdiction) and Section 17 (Waiver of Jury Trial) hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination. If Cowen elects to terminate this Agreement as provided in this Section 11(a), Cowen shall provide the required notice as specified in Section 12 (Notices).
 
(b)             The Company shall have the right, by giving ten (10) days notice as hereinafter specified to terminate this Agreement in its sole discretion at any time after the date of this Agreement.  Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Section 7(g), Section 9, Section 10, Section 16 and Section 17 hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.
 
(c)             Cowen shall have the right, by giving ten (10) days notice as hereinafter specified to terminate this Agreement in its sole discretion at any time after the date of this Agreement.  Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Section 7(g), Section 9, Section 10, Section 16 and Section 17 hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.
 
(d)             Unless earlier terminated pursuant to this Section 11, this Agreement shall automatically terminate upon the issuance and sale of all of the Placement Shares through Cowen on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein; provided that the provisions of Section 7(g), Section 9, Section 10, Section 16 and Section 17 hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.
 
(e)             This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect unless terminated pursuant to Sections 11(a), (b), (c), or (d) above or otherwise by mutual agreement of the parties; provided, however, that any such termination by mutual agreement shall in all cases be deemed to provide that Section 7(g), Section 9, Section 10, Section 16 and Section 17 shall remain in full force and effect.
 
(f)             Any termination of this Agreement shall be effective on the date specified in such notice of termination; provided, however, that such termination shall not be effective until the close of business on the date of receipt of such notice by Cowen or the Company, as the case
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may be. If such termination shall occur prior to the Settlement Date for any sale of Placement Shares, such Placement Shares shall settle in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.
 
12.              Notices.  All notices or other communications required or permitted to be given by any party to any other party pursuant to the terms of this Agreement shall be in writing, unless otherwise specified in this Agreement.  Each such notice or other communication shall be deemed given (i) when delivered personally or by verifiable facsimile transmission (with an original to follow) on or before 4:30 p.m., New York City time, on a Business Day (as defined below), or, if such day is not a Business Day on the next succeeding Business Day, (ii) on the next Business Day after timely delivery to a nationally-recognized overnight courier and (iii) on the Business Day actually received if deposited in the U.S. mail (certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid). For purposes of this Agreement, "Business Day" shall mean any day on which the NASDAQ and commercial banks in the City of New York are open for business.  All notices and other communications shall be mailed, hand delivered or telecopied and confirmed to the parties hereto as follows:
 
If to Cowen:

▇▇▇▇▇ and Company, LLC
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
Attn: General Counsel
Fax: (▇▇▇) ▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇

With a copy (which shall not constitute notice hereunder) to:
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Procter LLP
The New York Times Building
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
Attn: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
Fax: (▇▇▇) ▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇

If to the Company:
 ▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
Attn: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇, PhD.
Fax: (▇▇▇) ▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇

With a copy (which shall not constitute notice hereunder) to:
▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ LLP
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
Attn:         ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇
Fax: (▇▇▇) ▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇

Each party to this Agreement may change such address for notices by sending to the parties to this Agreement written notice of a new address for such purpose.
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13.              Successors and Assigns.  This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and Cowen and their respective successors and the affiliates, controlling persons, officers and directors referred to in Section 9 hereof. References to any of the parties contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to include the successors and permitted assigns of such party. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective successors and permitted assigns any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided in this Agreement. Neither party may assign its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of the other party; provided, however, that Cowen may assign its rights and obligations hereunder to an affiliate of Cowen without obtaining the Company's consent.
 
14.              Adjustments for Share Splits.  The parties acknowledge and agree that all share-related numbers contained in this Agreement shall be adjusted to take into account any share split, share dividend or similar event effected with respect to the Common Stock.
 
15.              Entire Agreement; Amendment; Severability.  This Agreement (including all schedules and exhibits attached hereto and Placement Notices issued pursuant hereto) constitutes the entire agreement and supersedes all other prior and contemporaneous agreements and undertakings, both written and oral, among the parties hereto with regard to the subject matter hereof. Neither this Agreement nor any term hereof may be amended except pursuant to a written instrument executed by the Company and Cowen.  In the event that any one or more of the provisions contained herein, or the application thereof in any circumstance, is held invalid, illegal or unenforceable as written by a court of competent jurisdiction, then such provision shall be given full force and effect to the fullest possible extent that it is valid, legal and enforceable, and the remainder of the terms and provisions herein shall be construed as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable term or provision was not contained herein, but only to the extent that giving effect to such provision and the remainder of the terms and provisions hereof shall be in accordance with the intent of the parties as reflected in this Agreement.
 
16.              Applicable Law; Consent to Jurisdiction.  This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of New York without regard to the principles of conflicts of laws. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the state and Federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan, for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection with any transaction contemplated hereby, and hereby irrevocably waives to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper.  Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof (certified or registered mail, return receipt requested) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof.  Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law.
 
17.              Waiver of Jury Trial.  The Company and Cowen each hereby irrevocably waives any right it may have to a trial by jury in respect of any claim based upon or arising out of this Agreement or any transaction contemplated hereby.
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18.              Absence of Fiduciary Relationship.  The Company acknowledges and agrees that:
 
(a)             Cowen has been retained solely to act as sales agent in connection with the sale of the Common Stock and that no fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship between the Company and Cowen has been created in respect of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, irrespective of whether Cowen has advised or is advising the Company on other matters;
 
(b)             the Company is capable of evaluating and understanding and understands and accepts the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;
 
(c)             the Company has been advised that Cowen and its affiliates are engaged in a broad range of transactions which may involve interests that differ from those of the Company and that Cowen has no obligation to disclose such interests and transactions to the Company by virtue of any fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship; and
 
(d)             the Company waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any claims it may have against Cowen, for breach of fiduciary duty or alleged breach of fiduciary duty and agrees that Cowen shall have no liability (whether direct or indirect) to the Company in respect of such a fiduciary claim or to any person asserting a fiduciary duty claim on behalf of or in right of the Company, including stockholders, partners, employees or creditors of the Company.
 
19.              Counterparts.  This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed Agreement by one party to the other may be made by facsimile transmission.
 
20.              Definitions. As used in this Agreement, the following term has the meaning set forth below:
 
(a)             "Applicable Time" means the date of this Agreement, each Representation Date, the date on which a Placement Notice is given, and any date on which Placement Shares are sold hereunder.


[Remainder of Page Intentionally Blank]
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If the foregoing correctly sets forth the understanding between the Company and Cowen, please so indicate in the space provided below for that purpose, whereupon this letter shall constitute a binding agreement between the Company and Cowen.
Very truly yours,

▇▇▇▇▇ AND COMPANY, LLC


By:       /s/ ▇▇▇▇▇ Raidy___________________
Name:  ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
Title:  Managing Director



ACCEPTED as of the date
first-above written:



By:    /s/ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇, Ph.D
Name:  ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇, Ph.D.
Title:  Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

[Signature Page to Sales Agreement]

SCHEDULE 1
FORM OF PLACEMENT NOTICE

From: [                              ]
Cc: [                              ]
To: [                              ]
Subject:                          Cowen at the Market Offering—Placement Notice
Gentlemen:
Pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions contained in the Amended and Restated Sales Agreement between Raptor Pharmaceutical Corp. (the "Company"), and ▇▇▇▇▇ and Company, LLC ("Cowen") dated July 3, 2013 (the "Agreement"), I hereby request on behalf of the Company that Cowen sell up to [ ] shares of the Company's common stock, par value $0.001 per share, at a minimum market price of $_______ per share.  Sales should begin on the date of this Notice and shall continue until [DATE] [all shares are sold].


SCHEDULE 2
Notice Parties
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇                                                  Chief Executive Officer and President
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇                                                                      Chief Financial Officer


▇▇▇▇▇ and Company
▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇                                                      Vice President
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇                                                 Director



 

SCHEDULE 3

Compensation
Cowen shall be paid compensation equal to 3.0% of the gross proceeds from the sales of Common Stock pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.



SCHEDULE 4
List of Subsidiaries
 
 
 
 
 
NAME OF SUBSIDIARY
 
  
 
JURISDICTION OF INCORPORATION
 
 
Raptor Pharmaceuticals Inc. (formerly known as Raptor Therapeutics Inc.) , wholly-owned subsidiary of Raptor Pharmaceutical Corp.
 
 
 
Delaware, United States
 
Raptor European Products, LLC, wholly-owned subsidiary of Raptor Pharmaceuticals Inc.
 
 
 
Delaware, United States, business office in Grand Cayman
 
RPTP European Holdings C.V., owned by Raptor Pharmaceuticals Inc. as limited partner and Raptor European Products, LLC as general partner
 
The Netherlands, business office in Grand Cayman
 
Raptor Pharmaceuticals Europe B.V., wholly-owned subsidiary of RPTP European Holdings C.V.
 
The Netherlands
 
 
Raptor Pharmaceuticals France SAS, wholly-owned subsidiary of Raptor Pharmaceuticals Europe B.V.
 
 
France



Exhibit 7(m)



OFFICER CERTIFICATE


The undersigned, the duly qualified and elected _______________________, of Raptor Pharmaceutical Corp. ("Company"), a Delaware corporation, does hereby certify in such capacity and on behalf of the Company, pursuant to Section 7(m) of the Amended and Restated Sales Agreement dated July 3, 2013 (the "Sales Agreement") between the Company and ▇▇▇▇▇ and Company, LLC, that to the best of the knowledge of the undersigned.

(i)            The representations and warranties of the Company in Section 6 of the Sales Agreement (A) to the extent such representations and warranties are subject to qualifications and exceptions contained therein relating to materiality, Material Adverse Change or Material Adverse Effect, are true and correct on and as of the date hereof with the same force and effect as if expressly made on and as of the date hereof, except for those representations and warranties that speak solely as of a specific date and which were true and correct as of such date, and (B) to the extent such representations and warranties are not subject to any qualifications or exceptions, are true and correct in all material respects as of the date hereof as if made on and as of the date hereof with the same force and effect as if expressly made on and as of the date hereof except for those representations and warranties that speak solely as of a specific date and which were true and correct in all material respects as of such date; and
(ii)            The Company has complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions in all material respects on its part to be performed or satisfied pursuant to the Sales Agreement at or prior to the date hereof.




By:   ______________________________________________                                                                                 
Name:
Title:


Date:                                                      

 


Document Metadata

Filed: July 5th, 2013