LICENSE AGREEMENT EXECUTED BY THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ACTING BY AND THROUGH THE BONNEVILLE POWER ADMINISTRATION AND ELECTRIC LIGHTWAVE, INC.

EXHIBIT 10.16

CONTRACT NO. 98TX-10143
MARCH 20, 1998

LICENSE AGREEMENT
EXECUTED BY THE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
ACTING BY AND THROUGH THE
BONNEVILLE POWER ADMINISTRATION
AND
ELECTRIC LIGHTWAVE, INC.

INDEX TO SECTIONS
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SECTION PAGE

1. DEFINITIONS............................................................ 4
2. TERM................................................................... 10
3. EXHIBITS............................................................... 12
4. AMENDMENTS............................................................. 12
5. MILESTONE SCHEDULE..................................................... 12
6. OWNERSHIP.............................................................. 13
7. LICENSE................................................................ 14
8. PERFORMANCE CRITERIA................................................... 15
9. CAPITAL SPENDING....................................................... 18
10. BPA TERMINAL EQUIPMENT................................................. 19
11. BUSINESS PLAN.......................................................... 20
12. MARKET PRICE ASSESSMENT................................................ 20
13. PAYMENT................................................................ 22
14. MAINTENANCE, REPAIR, AND RESTORATION OF THE CABLE...................... 24
15. REGENERATOR BUILDING(S)................................................ 29
16. RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS CONCERNING THE CABLE............................ 30
17. RELOCATION OF THE CABLE................................................ 36
18. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES......................................... 37
19. AUDIT PROCEDURES....................................................... 41
20. INSURANCE.............................................................. 42
21. DEFAULT................................................................ 47
22. TERMINATION............................................................ 51
23. INDEMNIFICATION; WAIVER OF DAMAGES..................................... 52
24. DISPUTE RESOLUTION..................................................... 54
25. GENERAL................................................................ 56

Exhibit A (Cable Route)
Exhibit B (Payment Specifications)
Exhibit C (Fiber Specifications)
Exhibit D (Acceptance Testing Standards)
Exhibit E (Detailed Restoration Plans)
Exhibit F (Terminal Equipment Requirements)

This LICENSE AGREEMENT (Agreement), was executed March 20, 1998, by the
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Government), Department of Energy, acting by and
through the BONNEVILLE POWER ADMINISTRATION (BPA), and ELECTRIC LIGHTWAVE, INC.
(▇▇▇), a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of
Delaware. Both BPA and ▇▇▇ may be referred to herein individually as "Party"
and collectively as "Parties."

W I T N E S S E T H :

A. BPA and ▇▇▇ previously entered into a License Agreement, dated March
26, 1996, Contract No. 96MS-95240, pursuant to which BPA granted to ▇▇▇ an
exclusive License to use the Commercial Fiber and to manage the Diverse Fibers
in the Cable along a Cable Route extending from BPA's ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation in
Portland, Oregon to its ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation in Seattle, Washington.

B. BPA and ▇▇▇ also entered into a License Agreement, dated November 27,
1996, Contract No. 97TX-10014, pursuant to which BPA granted to ▇▇▇ an exclusive
License to use the Commercial Fiber in the Cable along a Cable Route extending
from BPA's ▇▇▇▇ Substation in Portland, Oregon to its ▇▇▇▇ Substation in
Spokane, Washington.

C. BPA is about to design and install additional Cable along a proposed
Cable Route extending from BPA's ▇▇▇▇ Substation in Spokane, Washington to its
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation in Seattle, Washington.

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D. ▇▇▇ desires to obtain an exclusive License to use the Commercial Fiber
in the proposed Cable Route from BPA's ▇▇▇▇ Substation in Spokane, Washington to
its ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation in Seattle, Washington.

E. BPA desires to grant such License to ▇▇▇, on the terms, covenants and
conditions contained in this Agreement.

F. BPA and ▇▇▇ desire to supersede existing Contract Nos. 96MS-9520 and
97TX-10014 by the terms of this Agreement, thereby establishing a single
contract for a SONET ring fiber optic network connecting Portland, Oregon;
Seattle, Washington; and Spokane, Washington.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of the mutual
obligations and agreements herein contained, the Parties hereby agree as
follows:

1. DEFINITIONS

The following terms, when used in this Agreement, shall have the meanings
set forth in this Section:

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(a) "BPA Capital Cost" means the direct and indirect costs BPA incurs,
using prudent electric utility practices, to develop and construct the
Cable. Direct costs include, but are not limited to, environment,
surveying and mapping, design, land, material, construction, and
labor.

(b) "BPA Facilities" means all BPA-owned and/or leased structures,
buildings, land, access roads, and equipment along the Cable Route.

(d) "BPA Terminal Equipment" means that equipment set forth in Exhibit F.

(e) "Cable" means a BPA-owned single-mode, nondispersion shifted cable
installed and, to be installed along the Cable Route. The Cable shall
contain 72 optical fibers for the entire Cable Route, except the
Portland-to-Spokane Route which contains 36 optical fibers.

(f) "Cable Accessories" means the equipment necessary for the attachment
of the Cable to the BPA Facilities, including splice boxes.

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(g) "Cable Route" means Cable path as described on Exhibit A, comprising
the Portland-to-Seattle Route, the Portland-to-Spokane Route and the
Spokane-to-Seattle Route.

(h) "Cable Specifications" means the drawings and specifications regarding
the Cable hardware and materials incorporated into the construction
project.

(i) "Commercial Fiber" means the 60 dark optical fibers within the Cable
licensed to ▇▇▇ under this License Agreement, except for the Portland-
to-Spokane Route in which the Commercial Fiber consists of 24 dark
optical fibers.

(j) "Dark Fiber Lease Value" means the sum of all dark fiber lease
payments received by ▇▇▇ for Commercial Fiber.

(k) "Detailed Restoration Plans" means the restoration plans applicable to
the Cable and the Cable Accessories developed and to be developed by
BPA and ▇▇▇ as described in Section 14(b) and attached to this
Agreement as Exhibit E.

(l) "Diverse Fibers" means 4 dark optical fibers within the Commercial
Fiber along the Portland-to-Seattle Route reserved for diverse
switching paths for a SONET ring in order to achieve optimum network
robustness and reliability.

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(m) "Effective Date" means the date stated in the opening paragraph of
this Agreement.

(n) "▇▇▇ Transport Service(s)" means Transport Service(s) used by ▇▇▇ in
the delivery of End-User Service(s).

(o) "▇▇▇ Transport Service Value(s)" means the sum of the values for all
the ▇▇▇ Transport Service(s) within the Commercial Fiber.

(p) "End-User" means the customer(s) of ▇▇▇.

(q) "End-User Service(s)" means services provided to the End-User, other
than Transport Service(s) and Other Transport Service(s).

(r) "End-User Transport Service Value(s)" means the sum of all payments
received by ▇▇▇ from End-User(s) for Transport Service sales.

(s) "Fiber Specifications" means the performance attributes of the fiber
within the Cable as described in Exhibit C.

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(t) "Gross Revenue Value(s) (GRV)" means the annual sum of ▇▇▇ Transport
Service Value(s) plus End-User Transport Service Value(s) plus Dark
Fiber Lease Value(s) plus Other Transport Service Value(s).

(u) "Interest Rate" means .05 percent per day (18.25 percent per annum) to
be compounded daily on the unpaid balance.

(v) "License" means the License granted to ▇▇▇ in Section 7(a).

(w) "Originating and Terminating Markets" means the areas in and around
the cities along the Cable Route. The cities in Oregon include
Portland, The Dalles, as well as other cities adjacent to the Cable
Route. The cities in Washington include Seattle, Tacoma, Olympia,
Yakima, Spokane, Wenatchee, Ellensburg, Pasco, Richland, Kennewick, as
well as other cities adjacent to the Cable Route.

(x) "Other Transport Service(s)" means any service sold over the
Commercial Fiber which is not a Transport Service, an End-User Service
or an ▇▇▇ Transport Service.

(y) "Other Transport Service Value(s)" means the sum of all payments
received by ▇▇▇ for Other Transport Services.

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(z) "Performance Criteria" means those minimum annual Gross Revenue Values
described in Section 8 and calculated in Exhibit B, page 2 of 2.

(aa) "Portland-to-Seattle Route" means that portion of the Cable Route
which extends from BPA's ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation in Portland, Oregon to its
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation in Seattle, Washington.

(bb) "Portland-to-Spokane Route" means that portion of the Cable Route
which extends from BPA's ▇▇▇▇ Substation in Portland, Oregon to its
▇▇▇▇ Substation in Spokane, Washington.

(cc) "Regenerator Building(s)" means the building(s) along the Cable Route,
owned and operated by ▇▇▇, that house the terminal and regenerator
equipment including any optronics or electronics required by ▇▇▇ to
make use of the ▇▇▇ Fibers. For the purpose of this Agreement, the
Regenerator Building(s) include conduit and fiber-optic cable from the
Regenerator Building(s) up to the nearest fiber-optic splice box on
the Cable Route or the nearest substation fence, at BPA's discretion.

(dd) "Service Ready Date" means the date when the Commercial Fiber is fully
installed and meets ELI's Acceptance Testing Standards, which
acceptance will be provided

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by ▇▇▇ to BPA in writing. ELI's Acceptance Testing Standards are set
forth in Exhibit D.

(ee) "Spokane-to-Seattle Route" means that portion of the Cable Route which
extends from BPA's ▇▇▇▇ Substation in Spokane, Washington to its
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation in Seattle, Washington.

(ff) "Transport Services" means individual DS0, DS1, and DS3 circuits used
or sold as bulk transport by ▇▇▇ for long-haul traffic on the
Commercial Fiber as described below:

(1) "Digital Signal Zero (DS0)" means: one (1) 64-Kilobits-per-
second (Kbps) or 56-Kbps digital, pulse-coded modulated voice
channel;

(2) "Digital Signal One (DS1)" means: (A) in the U.S. Digital
hierarchy, digital signal level 1 indicates a 1.544 megabytes
per second (Mbps) data signal; and (B) also referred to as a T1
in the U.S. time-division multiplexing hierarchy, digital
signal level 1 (DS1) indicates the first level of multiplexing.
It is defined as 24 DS0 (64 Kbps) circuits multiplexed into a
1.544 Mbps data signal; and

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(3) "Digital Signal Level Three (DS3)" means: (A) In the U.S.
Digital hierarchy, digital signal level 3 indicates a 44.736
Mbps data signal, often delivered to customers via optical
fiber systems, also referred to as T3; (B) in the U.S. time-
division multiplexing hierarchy, digital signal level 3 (DS3)
indicates the third level of multiplexing. It is defined as 28
DS1 (1.544 Mbps) signals, with added overhead bits, multiplexed
onto a 44.736 Mpbs data signal; and (C) high capacity access
service that provides capacity equivalent to 28 DS1 circuits, 7
DS2 channels, or 672 voice grade special access circuits; also
used generically to describe digital data transmission services
operating over fiber-optic lines at transmission speed of 44.6
Mbps.

2. TERM

(a) This Agreement shall be effective on the Effective Date and shall
continue in effect for a period of 20 years after Service Ready Date,
unless sooner terminated or extended in accordance with the terms of
this Agreement.

(b) The term of this Agreement shall be extended only by written mutual
agreement of the Parties. The Agreement may be extended for one 10-
year renewal period. Either Party shall notify the other Party at
least 90 days prior to the expiration date

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of this Agreement if the notifying Party seeks to renew the Agreement.
The Parties shall have 45 calendar days from the notifying Party's
notice in which to reach written agreement on renewal. The terms and
conditions of this Agreement applicable to the initial 20-year period
may be modified or renegotiated before the renewal period upon written
mutual agreement of the Parties.

(c) This Agreement amends, restates and supersedes in their entirety
Contract No. 96MS-95240, dated March 26, 1996, and Contract No. 97TX-
10014, dated November 27, 1996, previously entered into by BPA and ▇▇▇
relating to the Portland-to-Seattle Route and the Portland-to-Spokane
Route, respectively. As of the Effective Date, the rights, duties and
obligations of BPA and ▇▇▇ with respect to such prior contracts and
such portions of the Cable Route shall be governed by and construed
under the terms of this Agreement.

3. EXHIBITS

Exhibit A (Cable Route); Exhibit B (Payment Specifications); Exhibit C
(Fiber Specifications); Exhibit D (Acceptance Testing Standards); Exhibit E
(Detailed Restoration Plans); and Exhibit F (Terminal Equipment Standards) are
incorporated into and made a part of this Agreement.

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4. AMENDMENTS

This Agreement may be amended upon the written agreement of both Parties.

5. MILESTONE SCHEDULE

(a) The Service Ready Date for the Portland-to-Seattle Route occurred
December 13, 1996.

(b) The Service Ready Date for the Portland-to-Spokane Route is currently
scheduled for March 30, 1998.

(d) BPA and ▇▇▇ shall complete an evaluation of the milestones required to
complete the construction and Service Ready Date for each remaining
portion of the Cable Route and for the entire Cable Route. The
evaluation shall be used by the Parties to determine whether
milestones will be revised to reflect an earlier, or later, Service
Ready Date.

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6. OWNERSHIP

(a) Each Party shall own its own electronic and optronic devices necessary
to transmit signals over the fibers each Party controls as specified
in this Agreement.

(b) Except as otherwise provided in Section 6(c) below, BPA shall own all
structures, improvements, and components obtained for or installed on
BPA Facilities along the Cable Route in accordance with this
Agreement; including, without limitation, the BPA Terminal Equipment.

(c) Title and ownership of the Cable Accessories, Regenerator Building(s),
and related equipment within the Regenerator Building(s) furnished by
▇▇▇ shall be and remain the property of ▇▇▇, except that BPA shall
gain title to and ownership of such equipment that cannot be removed
without damage to BPA Facilities at termination of this Agreement.

(d) BPA shall retain the right to use the BPA Fiber only for its own
internal electric system network and utility business purposes.

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7. LICENSE

(a) EXCLUSIVITY

Except as provided in Section 8, BPA hereby grants to ▇▇▇ an exclusive
License to use the Commercial Fiber and the Diverse Fibers during the
term of this Agreement.

(b) ACCESS TO THE CABLE ROUTE

▇▇▇ shall have escorted access to the Cable Route for the purposes of
performing its rights and obligations under this Agreement. BPA shall
have the right to use the Cable Route, or any portion thereof,
together with the right to enter upon the Cable Route, or any portion
thereof, at all times, for any and all purposes.

This Agreement shall not confer upon ▇▇▇ any ownership or possessory
interest in the Cable Route or other property owned by BPA except as
provided herein, and ▇▇▇ agrees that it shall never make any claim of
such interest based upon this Agreement.

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8. PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

(a) MINIMUM ANNUAL GROSS REVENUE PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

(1) ▇▇▇ shall maintain sales at a minimum annual GRV equal to or
greater than 50 percent of the annual revenues described in
ELI's revenue forecast (Table A "Performance Criteria").
The annual GRV shall equal the sum of the actual monthly
GRVs over a given 12-month period.

(2) In the event that the actual annual GRV is below the
applicable Performance Criteria described in Table A, BPA
may invoke its rights under Subsection (b)(1) below
regarding the exclusivity of the Commercial Fiber.

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(b) BPA RIGHTS

(1) BPA shall have the right to make a performance audit within 60
days of the conclusion of each annual period described in Table
A. If BPA determines that ▇▇▇ has failed to meet the annual
Performance Criteria, BPA shall give written notice of such
failure to ▇▇▇. ▇▇▇ shall have 10 working days after receipt of
written notice from BPA in which to review the results of BPA's
audit and provide any new information or data that might alter
BPA's audit conclusions. If at the end of such 10-day period, BPA
determines that the Performance Criteria have not been met, BPA,
at its discretion, may determine the License to be nonexclusive
and BPA shall have the right to use any unused portion of the
Commercial Fiber for any purpose. Nothing contained in this
paragraph shall prevent either Party from seeking a resolution of
any dispute hereunder pursuant to the provisions of Section 23 of
this Agreement.

(2) In the event ELI's License becomes nonexclusive, ▇▇▇ shall
cooperate with BPA to allow co-location of other users of the
Commercial Fiber in ELI's Regenerator Buildings, based on
available space. The Parties shall agree to the amount of
reasonable compensation to be charged to the co-locating users.

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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TABLE A
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
YEAR* REVENUE FORECAST* PERFORMANCE CRITERIA*

* Confidential material has been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential
treatment. Such material has been filed separately with the Securities and
Exchange Commission.

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In the event ELI's License is determined to be nonexclusive under the
provisions of this Section 8, this Agreement shall not terminate, but
shall continue in force and effect. ▇▇▇ shall have the right, subject
to the terms of Agreement, including, without limitation, the payments
described in Section 12, to continue its use of the Commercial Fiber
then being used by ▇▇▇ to provide End-User Services, Other Transport
Services, and Transport Services. In addition, to the extent BPA has
unused dark fiber capacity along the Cable Route, ▇▇▇ shall have the
right of first refusal to lease such additional dark fiber capacity on
the same pricing terms and conditions offered by BPA to other
carriers.

9. CAPITAL SPENDING

(a) BPA CAPITAL SPENDING

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BPA Capital Cost shall include direct costs incurred by BPA up to 12
months after the Service Ready Date. Indirect costs (overheads)
associated with included direct costs shall also be included as part
of BPA Capital Cost and applied at a fixed rate of 45 percent to all
direct costs. Interest costs, implicit or otherwise, will be
excluded. BPA shall use its best efforts to manage the cost of
development and construction of the Cable to, or below, $ *.

(b) ▇▇▇ CAPITAL SPENDING

▇▇▇ shall make capital investments to provision the Commercial Fiber
with electronics, optronics, buildings, other infrastructure, and
fiber connectivity with Local Exchange Carrier networks and Inter-
Exchange Carrier networks, at a sufficient level to meet the Revenue
Forecast listed in Table A of Section 8.

* Confidential material has been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential
treatment. Such material has been filed separately with the Securities and
Exchange Commission.

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10. BPA TERMINAL EQUIPMENT

(a) ▇▇▇ shall purchase and provide for the installation and testing of BPA
SONET Terminal Equipment at 9 sites along the Spokane-to-Seattle
Route, including the ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, Grand Coulee, Columbia, St.
Andrews, Schultz, Easton, Raver and ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substations. ▇▇▇ shall
provide OC3 electronics at six of the substation sites, and OC12
electronics at three of the substation sites. Upon BPA's acceptance
of the Terminal Equipment, title shall transfer to BPA, no later than
180 days following the Service Ready Date.

(b) The Terminal Equipment to be provided to BPA is identified in Exhibit
F. BPA will notify ▇▇▇ of the 9 sites upon which to install and test
the Terminal Equipment. The amount to be paid by ▇▇▇ for the Terminal
Equipment shall not exceed $ *. ▇▇▇ shall have the option of
purchasing the Terminal Equipment using BPA's existing contract number
95AM50206 "SONET Microwave Radio and Fiber Optic Project."

* Confidential material has been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential
treatment. Such material has been filed separately with the Securities and
Exchange Commission.

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11. BUSINESS PLAN

▇▇▇ has developed and BPA has approved a Business Plan that describes ELI's
proposal for marketing, managing, and utilizing the Cable. ▇▇▇ shall use
its best efforts, consistent with reasonable commercial practices, to
maximize the GRV generated pursuant to the License.

12. MARKET PRICE ASSESSMENT

(a) BPA shall procure, under separate agreement, the services of a market
assessment consultant(s) to assess market prices of bulk transport
services and provide reports to BPA.

(b) BPA and ▇▇▇ agree to equally share in the costs of procuring the
services described above.

(c) The market assessment consultant(s) shall be responsible for acquiring
quotes, calculating an average, and delivering market assessment
reports to BPA at some planned interval, using the methodology agreed
to by BPA and ▇▇▇. BPA and ▇▇▇ shall, within 120 calendar days from
execution of this Agreement, make their best effort to agree to the
methodology.

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(d) BPA agrees to allow ▇▇▇ to participate in the development of the
methodology for assessing market price(s) to be used under this
Agreement.

(e) ▇▇▇ agrees to use the current data provided to BPA by the market
assessment consultant as a basis for setting ▇▇▇ Transport Service
Value(s) for each ▇▇▇ Transport Service, depending on when the ▇▇▇
Transport Service is placed in service by ▇▇▇. The ▇▇▇ Transport
Service Value for any specific ▇▇▇ Transport Service will remain in
effect for a period of 36 months, after which the ▇▇▇ Transport
Service must be re-valued based on the current market assessment data.

(f) The agreed-to methodology may be changed by mutual agreement of BPA
and ▇▇▇.

13. PAYMENT

(a) Beginning with the month in which the Effective Date occurs, ▇▇▇
agrees to pay BPA monthly, according to the Payment Specifications
described in Exhibit B. In addition to ELI's monthly payment to BPA,
▇▇▇ shall include a monthly report of all transactions. The report
will allow BPA to account for the GRV generated each month. Both
Parties shall agree on a reporting format to be used prior to ELI's
first payment to BPA.

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(b) For the purposes of determining the monthly payment required under
this Agreement, any Transport Services originating in the Originating
and Terminating Markets will be included in the accounting to
determine GRV.

(c) Unless otherwise agreed to by the Parties, accounting of the GRV shall
begin 30 calendar days following the Service Ready Date for any of the
three portions of the Cable Route identified in the definition of the
term "Cable Route" given in Section 1(g) above. Payment shall be
received by BPA from ▇▇▇ by the last day of each month for GRV
calculated on the previous calendar months' transactions (the Due
Date). Payments shall be sent to the address identified in (f) below.

(d) Payments to BPA for revenue generated by ▇▇▇ from use of the
Commercial Fiber (or portion thereof) shall be based on the GRV of
such services and calculated using the * Payment Factor until
ELI's cumulative monthly payments to BPA exceed the BPA Capital Costs,
after which the Payment Factor will equal * for the remainder
of the Agreement.

(e) ▇▇▇ shall pay by wire or ACH transfer, using procedures established by
BPA's Financial Services Group. ▇▇▇ may pay its ▇▇▇▇ by mail,
provided that BPA receives full payment by the Due Date.

* Confidential information has been omitted pursuant to a request for
confidential treatment. Such material has been filed separately with the
Securities and Exchange Commision.

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▇▇▇ shall include the following information in the description field
of each transfer: BPA contract number, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇, and End Item Code.

If ▇▇▇ is paying by mail, payments shall be mailed to:

BPA Accounting Operation - CRO
▇.▇. ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇

▇▇▇ shall include the following information in the documentation sent
with each check: BPA Contract Number, Revenue PL6, and End Item Code.

(f) Payments not received by the Due Date shall bear interest at the
Interest Rate from the Due Date until the date payment is received by
BPA.

(g) BPA may purchase from ▇▇▇ any commercial telecommunications service
▇▇▇ generally offers business customers. The price charged by ▇▇▇ for
any such service shall be the lowest price then charged by ▇▇▇ to
similarly situated commercial customers for a similar service or group
of services, taking into account similar terms and volumes.

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14. MAINTENANCE, REPAIR, AND RESTORATION OF THE CABLE

(a) Maintenance of the Cable

(1) During the term of this Agreement, BPA shall be responsible for the
physical routine maintenance of the Cable and the Cable Accessories.
BPA shall maintain the Cable and the Cable Route at all times in good
working order and in a safe condition, in conformity with the Cable
Specifications and all applicable laws and regulations.

(2) BPA shall pay all costs associated with the routine maintenance of the
Cable.

(3) ▇▇▇ shall be responsible for maintenance of its property, including
the Regenerator Building(s) along the Cable Route.

(b) Detailed Restoration Plans

(1) Restoration activities will be integral to ensuring successful
implementation of this Agreement. Timely restoration is dependent upon
the timely coordination and implementation between BPA and ▇▇▇.

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(2) The Parties have previously developed Detailed Restoration Plans for
the Portland-to-Seattle Route and the Portland-to-Spokane Route,
copies of which are attached to this Agreement as Exhibit E.

(3) The Parties agree to jointly, by September 20, 1998, develop a
Detailed Restoration Plan for the Spokane-to-Seattle Route, which
shall upon its completion become part of Exhibit E to this Agreement.

(4) The following provisions described in Sections (c) and (d) below shall
form the principles and basis for the development of a Detailed
Restoration Plan.

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(1) BPA's obligation to maintain and repair the Cable and any activities
incidental thereto shall be subordinate to, and shall not conflict
with, BPA's rightful use and operation of its transmission facilities.
In the event both BPA's transmission facilities and the Cable require
maintenance or repair, the restoration of the Cable shall be at all
times subordinate to the restoration of BPA's transmission facilities,
unless otherwise agreed to in writing by BPA in advance. The
restoration of BPA's telecommunications system shall take priority
over restoration activities related to the Commercial Fiber. In the
event that ELI's License becomes nonexclusive pursuant to Section 8,
the Commercial Fiber used by ▇▇▇ shall take priority over restoration
activities related to any fibers used by any other users of the
Commercial Fiber.

(2) A BPA representative must be on-site during all repair and restoration
work to perform functions such as safety watch, protection of BPA's
transmission facilities, and the obtaining of line clearances.

(3) The Party performing the repair and restoration shall use prudent
business methods to acquire the most cost-effective restoration
procedures and

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materials available given the Cable Specifications, Fiber
Specifications, and current industry standards.

(4) Any and all BPA, ▇▇▇ representatives, or other users of the Commercial
Fiber that construct, install, repair, replace, or otherwise handle
the Cable, Cable Accessories, Commercial Fiber, BPA Fiber, or any
related materials and equipment shall be properly trained and equipped
to perform work that meets all current telecommunication industry
standards. BPA shall require all employees or agents of ▇▇▇ or any
other users of the Commercial Fiber who work near BPA's transmission
facilities to demonstrate that they have been properly trained and
equipped to perform the work. The Parties shall agree in advance what
constitutes proper training and reasonable costs. The costs of agreed-
upon training of ▇▇▇ employees, agents of ▇▇▇, or other users of the
Commercial Fiber shall be borne by ▇▇▇.

(5) A BPA representative shall have the authority to stop any work
activities or equipment functions for reasons that he or she
determines in good faith to involve potential health hazards, safety
concerns, and potential disruption to BPA's operating system. BPA will
make reasonable efforts to coordinate with ▇▇▇ in case of such events.

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(d) RESTORATION OF THE CABLE

(1) Except as provided in Section 13(c)(1), BPA shall immediately, upon
notification from ▇▇▇ of interruption in service, failure, disrepair,
impairment, or other need for repair or restoration of the Commercial
Fiber, begin to mobilize BPA crews and make its best effort to achieve
such necessary repair or restoration, including making its best effort
to have maintenance personnel at the affected site within 4 hours
after receipt of such notice, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that in the event any
of ELI's rights are interrupted pursuant to Section 23(a), repairs and
restoration shall be made as expeditiously as possible. ▇▇▇ recognizes
that the 4-hour response time represents optimal conditions, and may
be impossible to achieve when responding to certain remote locations.
Actual response times will be influenced by factors such as the
terrain, weather conditions present at the time the request is made,
and the actual mileage from BPA's dispatch station to the fault site.

(2) For purposes of this Section, best efforts means activities and
performance consistent with prudent utility practice, existing
contract provisions for BPA's hourly employees ("Collective Agreement
between BPA and Columbia Power Trades Council"), and response times
that do not

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jeopardize the health and safety of BPA employees or agents or ▇▇▇
employees or agents.

(3) The Detailed Restoration Plan shall set forth the roles and
responsibilities of the respective Parties, and shall address issues
regarding logistical considerations, response interval factors,
communication between the Parties, sequential activity requirements,
and other related items that would impact response time and
restoration intervals. The aforementioned issues will be taken into
consideration in the determination of whether BPA has used its best
efforts in such restoration or repair activities. The Detailed
Restoration Plan will also set forth financial penalties, if any, to
be paid to ▇▇▇ by BPA for failure to use its best efforts on any
repair or restoration, including the mobilization effort as set forth
above.

15. REGENERATOR BUILDING(S)

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(a) ▇▇▇ shall have sole responsibility for the expense and
acquisition of any electric power and/or property necessary for
its equipment along the Cable Route. ▇▇▇ and BPA have entered
into separate leases for space to house ▇▇▇ equipment at certain
BPA substations for the Portland-to-Seattle Route and the
Portland-to-Spokane Route. With respect to the Spokane-to-Seattle
Route, if space is available at BPA substations, such space shall
be provided to ▇▇▇ at BPA's "bare land" lease rate under a
separate agreement. In the event ▇▇▇ requires additional space to
house equipment along the Cable Route, such space shall be
provided to ▇▇▇ at BPA's "bare land" lease rate under separate
agreement.

(b) ▇▇▇ shall provide and own, except as provided in Section 6, Cable
Accessories, splice boxes, and other components necessary for the
operation of the Commercial Fiber.

(c) ▇▇▇ shall have sole responsibility for the physical maintenance
and environmental compliance associated with the Regenerator
Building(s) and the grounds underneath and around the Regenerator
Building(s).

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16. RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS CONCERNING THE CABLE

(a) GENERAL

(1) In the event that ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ Other Transport Services along the
Cable Route, BPA and ▇▇▇ shall agree in writing on how those
transactions are priced.

(2) ▇▇▇ shall not use Commercial Fiber for commercial activities not
accounted for in this Agreement.

(3) ▇▇▇ agrees to utilize the Commercial Fiber for all ▇▇▇ capacity
needs, existing or arising along the Cable Route and between the
Originating and Terminating Markets, except for diversity needs,
and subject to ELI's existing contractual obligations. ▇▇▇ shall
use its best efforts to transition as quickly as possible from
existing contractual obligations in satisfying the requirements
of the preceding sentence.

(b) PERMITS

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(1) BPA shall acquire all necessary regulatory or governmental
permits and approvals required for construction of the Cable, and
▇▇▇ shall, at its cost, cooperate and provide BPA with such
information as BPA may reasonably request from ▇▇▇ in connection
with such permits and approvals. ▇▇▇ shall acquire all necessary
regulatory or governmental permits and approvals necessary for
ELI's use of the Commercial Fiber for telecommunications
services, including Transport Service(s) and Dark Fiber Leases,
and any permits and/or approvals that may be required for the
Regenerator Building(s). ▇▇▇ shall not rely upon BPA to acquire
from any other Federal agency any necessary regulatory or
governmental permits and approvals required by ▇▇▇.

(2) When feasible, BPA shall, at its cost, cooperate and provide ▇▇▇
with such information as ▇▇▇ may reasonably request from BPA in
connection with acquiring permits, easements, or additional
rights-of-way for the Regenerator Building(s); provided that ▇▇▇
indemnifies and holds harmless BPA from any future liability
resulting from such actions.

-33-

▇▇▇ shall pay its own income taxes, as well as all franchise fees and
other fees and taxes resulting from ELI's License or use of the
Commercial Fiber. ▇▇▇ shall keep the Cable Route free and clear from
all liens and encumbrances resulting from ELI's use of the Commercial
Fiber. If ▇▇▇ does not pay the foregoing taxes and fees when such
become due, and such nonpayment results in the imposition of a lien
on, or encumbrance of, the Cable Route, then BPA shall have the right,
but not the obligation, to pay all amounts due and discharge such lien
or encumbrance, upon 30 calendar days' prior written notice to ▇▇▇.
In the event BPA causes such liens or encumbrances to be discharged,
▇▇▇ shall reimburse BPA upon demand together with interest thereon at
the Interest Rate, accruing from the date that BPA makes payment
discharging such liens or encumbrances until the date BPA receives
full reimbursement from ▇▇▇. ▇▇▇ shall have the absolute right to
dispute or challenge any tax or fee assessed on its use of the
Commercial Fiber.

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(d) ACCESS ROADS

▇▇▇ may use BPA's access roads to access the Regenerator Building(s),
provided that heavy vehicles or other equipment being used on the
access road will not at any time impair the use of the access road by
BPA. Access to the roads shall be limited to the times and frequency
required for maintenance and operation of the Regenerator Building(s)
and equipment, and any repair and restoration of the Cable pursuant to
Section 14. ▇▇▇ shall, at ELI's expense, repair any damage to the
access roads caused as a result of ▇▇▇ use of the access roads. ▇▇▇
shall acquire access easements to the Regenerator Building(s) where
BPA access roads are not available.

(e) ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE ACTIVITIES

-35-

(1) BPA shall be responsible for compliance with the National
Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and shall acquire all necessary
permits associated with the project operations, maintenance, and
construction of the Cable. ▇▇▇ shall, at its expense, cooperate
and provide BPA with such information as BPA may reasonably
request in connection with such compliance and permits. The
project activities will be limited to construction and operation
of cable, hardware, Regenerator Building(s), access roads, and
distribution lines if needed for Regenerator Building(s). If any
mitigation measures are required along the Cable Route as part of
the NEPA compliance activities, these measures will be performed
by BPA at the sole cost of BPA. Contacts with the local
landowners will be performed by BPA-appointed representatives.
Any landowner compensation required as part of the NEPA and
project activities will be made by BPA. All of the compliance and
permitting activities undertaken by BPA pursuant to this
paragraph (e) shall be at the cost and expense of BPA.

(2) BPA and ▇▇▇ agree neither they nor anyone acting on their behalf
will bring, keep, or use Hazardous Materials at or on the Cable
Route (including regenerators) except for those necessary for use
in their respective businesses, in which case they are to be
handled, stored, used, and disposed of in compliance with
applicable laws, regulations, and ordinances.

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(3) BPA agrees to indemnify and hold ▇▇▇ harmless from any and all
claims, damages, fines, judgments, penalties, costs, liabilities,
or losses arising from or due to the presence of Hazardous
Materials at or on the Cable Route (including regenerators) if
BPA or its agent, contractor, employees, or invitees is
responsible for the introduction of the Hazardous Materials. This
indemnity shall specifically include, without limitation, any and
all costs due to Hazardous Materials that flow, diffuse, migrate,
or percolate into, onto or under the property, or from the
property to neighboring property or groundwater after the
Agreement commences; however, it shall not include the cost of
repairing ELI's equipment.

(4) ▇▇▇ agrees to indemnify and hold BPA harmless from any and all
claims, damages, fines, judgments, penalties, costs, liabilities,
or losses arising from or due to the presence of Hazardous
Materials at or on the Cable Route (including regenerators) if
▇▇▇ or its agent, contractor, employee, or invitees is
responsible for the introduction of the Hazardous Materials. This
indemnity shall specifically include, without limitation, any and
all costs due to Hazardous Materials that flow, diffuse, migrate,
or percolate into, onto or under the property, or from the
property to neighboring property

-37-

or groundwater after the Agreement commences; however, it shall
not include the cost of repairing BPA's equipment.

(5) 'Hazardous Materials', as used herein, shall mean all materials
that have been determined to be hazardous to health or the
environment by virtue of being: (A) a hazardous waste as defined
by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; (B) a hazardous
substance as defined in the Comprehensive Environment,
Compensation, and Liability Act; (C) a substance regulated by the
Toxic Substances Control Act; and (D) substances regulated by the
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act in accordance
with the applicability provisions of such Act. Reference to
specific statutes include amendments as they are made from time-
to-time, as well as the regulations promulgated thereunder.

17. RELOCATION OF THE CABLE

In the event the Cable requires relocation or replacement during the term
of this Agreement, the cost of such relocation or replacement shall be
allocated as follows:

(a) If requested by ELI, ELI shall pay all such costs;

-38-

(b) If requested by BPA due to requirements necessary to provide
economical and reliable electric power, BPA shall pay all such costs;

(c) If the Cable must be relocated due to the order of any court,
governmental agency, or in conjunction with the operational needs of
BPA, BPA shall, in consultation with ▇▇▇, designate a new route for
the Cable. The costs associated with such required relocation that
are not paid by a third party shall be paid by BPA. ▇▇▇ shall be
responsible for any relocation costs associated with ELI's Regenerator
Building(s), ▇▇▇-owned cable, and ▇▇▇-owned terminal equipment.

18. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

(a) ▇▇▇

▇▇▇ represents and warrants to BPA as follows:

(1) ▇▇▇ is a corporation duly organized and validly existing and in
good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware. ▇▇▇ is
duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in the
States of Oregon and Washington. ▇▇▇ covenants that it will
maintain any necessary Federal, State, or local compliance needed
to continue to do business in the States

-39-

of Oregon and Washington. ▇▇▇ has full power and authority to
execute, deliver, and perform its obligations under this
Agreement. The execution of this Agreement by ▇▇▇ has been duly
and validly authorized by all necessary action on the part of
▇▇▇. This Agreement is a legal, valid, and binding obligation of
▇▇▇, enforceable against ▇▇▇ in accordance with its terms,
subject, however, to limitations imposed by bankruptcy laws of
the United States, insolvency, reorganization, arrangement,
moratorium, or other laws relating to or affecting the
enforceability of creditor's rights generally. The execution and
delivery of this Agreement by ▇▇▇ and the performance of the
terms, covenants, and conditions contained herein will not
violate the articles of the corporation, or bylaws of ▇▇▇, or any
applicable law or regulation or any order of court or arbitrator,
and will not conflict with and will not constitute a material
breach of, or default under, the provisions of any contract by
which ▇▇▇ is bound. Except for approvals and authorizations
required to perform services on the Cable (such as franchise and
building permit applications and approvals), or as otherwise
stated herein, no approval, authorization, or other action by any
governmental authority or filing with any such authority which
has not been obtained or accomplished is required in connection
with the execution, delivery, and performance by ▇▇▇ of this
Agreement.

-40-

(2) Any assignment of the License of this Agreement to parties not
owned by Citizens Utilities Company shall be with the written
consent of BPA. Such consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.

(3) There are no known actions, suits, or proceedings pending or
overtly threatened against ▇▇▇ before any court or administrative
agency that would materially impair ELI's performance of its
obligations under this Agreement.

(4) ▇▇▇ has made no other representations or warranties outside of
this Agreement, and BPA acknowledges and agrees that it is not
relying on any other representations or warranties.

(b) BPA

BPA represents and warrants to ▇▇▇ as follows:

(1) BPA is duly authorized to execute this Agreement. This Agreement
constitutes a legal and valid obligation of BPA, enforceable in
accordance with its terms to the full extent provided by law.
The enforceability of this Agreement is qualified as to:

-41-

Limitations imposed by bankruptcy laws of the United States,
insolvency, reorganization, arrangement, moratorium, or other
laws relating to or affecting the enforcement of creditor's
rights generally.

(2) Upon execution of this Agreement, BPA warrants that there are no
known conflicts with this Agreement and that this Agreement does
not constitute a material breach of or a default under any
constitutional provision, law, or administrative regulation; or
violate any judgment, decree, or other instrument, or any other
contract related to the Cable Route to which BPA is a Party or to
which BPA or any of its property or assets is subject.

(3) BPA has made no other representations or warranties outside of
this Agreement, and ▇▇▇ acknowledges and agrees that it is not
relying on any other representations or warranties.

-42-

BPA makes no representation or warranty whatsoever concerning the
physical characteristics of the Cable Route. ▇▇▇ acknowledges that
neither BPA nor any of BPA's officers, employees, representatives,
contractors, or subcontractors or agents have made any such
representation, nor is BPA or ▇▇▇ entering into this Agreement in
reliance upon any such representation or warranty.

19. AUDIT PROCEDURES

(a) RECORDS

The Parties shall maintain true and correct sets of records in
connection with the performance of this Agreement. ▇▇▇ shall retain
records of all transactions with supporting documentation related
thereto for a period of not less than 3 years after the term of a
specific transaction has expired and receipt of final payment by ▇▇▇
to BPA. The records in connection with each financial transaction
shall include an accounting of gross revenues, revenue shares, and
billing and collection. BPA shall retain all documents relative to
BPA Capital Cost for a period of at least 3 years after BPA incurs the
Capital Cost.

-43-

(b) AUDIT RIGHTS

Either Party shall have the right to perform an audit of each other's
books, records, and documents used in or relating to the costs to
construct, repair, and maintain the site and improvements under this
Agreement. Such audit may be performed within 36 months after the
date that either Party renders a ▇▇▇▇ or refund voucher. Each Party
shall be responsible for all expenses incurred by such Party in the
performance of an audit pursuant to this Section. In the event that
the Parties agree that the Auditing Party's audit is determined to be
correct, the Non-Auditing Party shall reimburse the Auditing Party the
agreed upon amount. In the event that the Non-Auditing Party
disagrees with the results of the other Party's audit, and resolution
is not reached between the Parties, the Parties agree to resolve the
dispute pursuant to Section 24 of this Agreement.

BPA reserves the right to conduct technical audits, including physical
inspection of the number, type, and use of circuits, including
Transport Service(s) sold, used, and administered by ▇▇▇ using the
Commercial Fiber.

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20. INSURANCE

(a) GENERAL

At all times during the term of this Agreement and the License term,
▇▇▇, at its own cost and expense, shall provide the insurance
specified by this Section.

(b) EVIDENCE REQUIRED

On the Effective Date of this Agreement, ▇▇▇ shall provide BPA with a
certificate of insurance (Certificate of Insurance) executed by an
authorized representative of the insurer(s) evidencing that ▇▇▇
insurance complies with this Section. A copy of all required
endorsements shall be attached to and form a part of the Certificate
of Insurance.

-45-

Policies shall be endorsed to provide BPA with 30 calendar days' prior
written notice of any cancellation, reduction, or material change in
coverage. If insurance coverage is due to be canceled, reduced, or
materially changed, ▇▇▇ shall, within 30 calendar days before the
effective date of such cancellation, reduction, or material change,
obtain the coverage required under this Section 20 and provide to BPA
documentation evidencing such coverage. ▇▇▇ shall be responsible for
the costs of any damage, liability, or injury occurring during any
period of cancellation, reduction, or material change in insurance
coverage to the extent such costs are not otherwise covered by
insurance; provided that ▇▇▇ shall not be responsible for the costs of
any damage, liability, or injury occurring during any such period if
such damage, liability, or injury was caused by BPA's gross negligence
or willful misconduct.

(d) QUALIFYING INSURERS

Policies shall be issued by companies which hold a current
policyholders alphabetic and financial size category rating of not
less than A:X according to Best's Insurance Reports.

-46-

(e) INSURANCE REQUIRED

(1) LIABILITY

Commercial general liability insurance for bodily injury
(including death) and property damage shall provide limits of not
less than $10 million per occurrence.

(A) Coverage included shall be:

(i) premises and operations;

(ii) broad form property damage;

(iii) products and completed operations;

(iv) blanket contractual liability;

(v) personal injury liability;

(vi) cross-liability and severability of interests; and

-47-

(vii) independent contractors liability.

(B) Coverage shall be endorsed to include the following:

(i) inclusion of BPA, its officers, representatives,
agents, and employees as an additional insured as
respects services or operations in connection with
this Agreement; and

(ii) stipulation that the insurance is primary insurance
and that no insurance or self-insurance of BPA will be
called upon to contribute to a loss.

(2) BUSINESS AUTOMOBILE LIABILITY INSURANCE

Business Automobile Liability Insurance for bodily injury
(including death) and property damage shall provide total limits
of not less than $2 million combined single limit per occurrence
to all owned, non-owned, and hired vehicles.

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(3) WORKERS' COMPENSATION/EMPLOYER'S LIABILITY INSURANCE

Statutory Workers' Compensation and Employer's Liability
Insurance for not less than $1 million per occurrence shall apply
to employer's liability coverage for all employees engaged in
services or operations under this Agreement. The policy shall
include broad form all-States/ other States coverage.

(f) SPECIAL PROVISIONS

(1) The foregoing requirements as to the types and limits of
insurance coverage to be maintained by ▇▇▇, and any approval of
said insurance by BPA or ▇▇▇, are not intended to and shall not
in any manner limit or qualify the liabilities and obligations
otherwise assumed by ▇▇▇ pursuant to this Agreement, including,
but not limited to, the provisions concerning indemnification.

(2) BPA acknowledges that some insurance requirements contained in
this Section 20 may be fulfilled by a funded self-insurance
program of ▇▇▇ or its parent company, Citizens Utilities Company.
However, this shall not

-49-

in any way limit liabilities assumed by ▇▇▇ under this Agreement.
Any self-insurance program must be first approved in writing by
BPA.

21. DEFAULT

(a) EVENTS OF DEFAULT

If either Party is in material breach or default (Defaulting Party),
under this Agreement, the other Party (Non-Defaulting Party) may
notify in writing the Defaulting Party that it is in material breach
or default, such notice to be effective upon its receipt by the
Defaulting Party. Material breach or default under this Agreement
shall include, but is not limited to the following:

(1) failure to make any payment when due hereunder; with the
exception of payments that become payable during periods of Force
Majeure as provided in Section 24(a)(2).

(2) failure to perform any obligations required to be observed or
performed hereunder;

-50-

(3) any representation or warranty made by one Party to the other
herein proving incorrect in any material respect as of the date
of the making thereof;

(4) ▇▇▇ files a voluntary petition in bankruptcy, or a petition in
bankruptcy is filed against ▇▇▇ and not dismissed within 60 days,
or ▇▇▇ is adjudicated as bankrupt or insolvent, or files any
petition or answer seeking or acquiescing in any reorganization,
arrangement, composition, readjustment, liquidation, dissolution,
or similar relief under any present or future Federal, State, or
other statute, law, or regulation relating to bankruptcy,
insolvency, or other relief for debtors, or seeks or consents to
or acquiesces in the appointment of any trustee, receiver,
custodian, liquidator, or similar official of ▇▇▇, or makes any
general assignment for the benefit of creditors;

(5) material interference by a Party to the other Party's operations;
or

(6) failure to make restitution for any damage to a Party's real
property or equipment caused as a result of the negligent or
willful acts or omissions of the other Party when such damage
causes material interference to a Party's operations.

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(b) REMEDIES

(1) DEFAULTING PARTY'S RIGHT TO CURE

The Defaulting Party shall have the right to cure any material
breach or default under this Agreement within 30 calendar days
after the receipt by the Defaulting Party of notification of such
material breach or default. In the case of any material breach
or default which may not reasonably be cured within 30 calendar
days, other than in the case of a breach of Section 21(a)(1), the
Defaulting Party shall have the right to provide the Non-
Defaulting Party with a plan for the appropriate actions to cure
such material breach or default, which plan shall be subject to
the approval of the Non-Defaulting Party, which approval shall
not be unreasonably withheld. Within 30 calendar days of
submission of the plan, the Defaulting Party must commence
diligently pursuing appropriate action under the plan to cure the
material breach or default, and unless otherwise agreed to by the
Parties, such material breach or default shall be cured within 90
calendar days of submission of the plan, failing which the Non-
Defaulting Party may forthwith and without further notice
terminate this Agreement.

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(2) RIGHTS AND REMEDIES UPON TERMINATION

Any Party terminating this Agreement under Section 22 shall have
the additional right to cure any material breach or default of
the Defaulting Party to preserve the Non-Defaulting Party's
rights that may be prejudiced as a result of such material breach
or default and exercise and pursue all other rights and remedies
available to it under applicable law.

(3) RIGHTS AND REMEDIES CUMULATIVE

Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, any right or
remedy afforded to either ▇▇▇ or BPA under any provision of this
Agreement is in addition to, and not in lieu of, all rights or
remedies afforded either ▇▇▇ or BPA under any other provision of
this Agreement, by law or otherwise.

22. TERMINATION

(a) Termination of this Agreement may occur in the following instances:

(1) By the Non-Defaulting Party, after the time period for the
Defaulting Party to cure a material breach or default has
expired;

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(2) By either Party, if the Party claiming Force Majeure has not
satisfactorily performed any obligations delayed due to the Force
Majeure within 1 year of the notice of the Force Majeure event;
or

(3) Pursuant to Partial Invalidity terms, Section 25(d) of this
Agreement.

(b) Subject to Section 21(b), the Terminating Party shall give the other
Party 30 calendar days advance written notice of Termination, which
Termination shall become effective 30 calendar days after the receipt
of such notice by the other Party.

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23. INDEMNIFICATION; WAIVER OF DAMAGES

(a) INDEMNIFICATION BY ▇▇▇

(1) To the extent allowed by law, ▇▇▇ shall release and indemnify,
defend, and hold harmless BPA and each of its directors,
officers, agents, representatives, subcontractors, and employees
(the "BPA Indemnitees") from and against any and all claims: (A)
for injury to or death of a person, including an employee of BPA
or an ▇▇▇ Indemnity; or (B) for loss of or damage to property
resulting directly or indirectly from ELI's performance or
nonperformance of this Agreement; or (C) for any Claims against
BPA by customers of ▇▇▇ or others doing business with ▇▇▇, except
in the cases of clauses (A) and (B) only, to the extent that such
Claim is the result of the gross negligence or willful misconduct
of a BPA Indemnitee.

(2) If gross negligence or willful misconduct of a BPA Indemnitee has
contributed to a Claim, ▇▇▇ shall not be obligated to indemnify
the BPA Indemnitees for the proportionate share of such Claims
caused by such negligence or willful misconduct. BPA shall have
the right, at its own cost, to retain counsel, and to monitor, or
participate in the defense of any Claim that is covered by ELI's
indemnity hereunder.

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(b) INDEMNIFICATION BY BPA

(1) To the extent allowed under the Federal Tort Claims Act, BPA
shall release and indemnify, defend, and hold harmless ▇▇▇
and each of its directors, officers, agents,
representatives, subcontractors, and employees (the "▇▇▇
Indemnitees") from and against any and all claims for injury
to or death of a person, including an employee of BPA or an
▇▇▇ Indemnitee, or for loss of or damage to property
resulting directly or indirectly from BPA's performance or
nonperformance of this Agreement, except to the extent that
such claim is the result of the gross negligence or willful
misconduct of a ▇▇▇ Indemnitee. In no event shall BPA be
required to indemnify ▇▇▇ Indemnities against claims against
▇▇▇ by customers of ▇▇▇ or others doing business with ▇▇▇.

(2) If gross negligence or willful misconduct of an ▇▇▇
Indemnitee has contributed to a claim, BPA shall not be
obligated to indemnify the ▇▇▇ Indemnitees for the
proportionate share of such claims caused by such negligence
or willful misconduct. ▇▇▇ shall have the right, at its own
cost, to retain counsel, to monitor, or to participate in
the defense of any claim that is covered by BPA's indemnity
hereunder.

-56-

Each Party hereby waives any right to consequential, incidental,
special or indirect damages, or damages for lost profits or exemplary
damages with respect to any claim arising out of or related to this
Agreement. The Parties acknowledge that the foregoing waiver shall
not prejudice the right of indemnity respecting any claim under this
Section 23.

24. DISPUTE RESOLUTION

(a) Pending resolution of a disputed matter, the Parties shall continue
performance of their respective obligations hereunder, provided that
neither Party shall be required to take any action pending such
resolution which it has been advised by counsel, or which it
reasonably believes, is unlawful or not permitted pursuant to
applicable regulations or permit requirements. Any controversy between
the Parties rising out of this Agreement or breach thereof, or out of
performance under this Agreement, is subject to the mediation process
described below. If not resolved by mediation, then the matter must be
submitted to the American Arbitration Association ("AAA") for
arbitration before a sole arbitrator.

-57-

(b) A meeting will be held promptly between the Parties to attempt in good
faith to negotiate a resolution of the dispute. The meeting will be
attended by individuals with decision-making authority regarding the
dispute. If within 30 calendar days after such meeting the Parties
have not succeeded in resolving the dispute, within 30 calendar days
thereafter, upon the written notice from either Party to the other
Party, they shall submit the dispute to a mutually acceptable third-
party mediator who is acquainted with dispute resolution methods. The
mediation shall be non-binding. If the dispute is not resolved by
mediation, either Party may initiate an arbitration with the AAA, upon
the written notice from either Party to the other Party. The dispute
shall be resolved by arbitration under the rules and administration of
the AAA (except that service of process, pleadings, motions and orders
on BPA shall be as prescribed by the Federal Rules of Civil
Procedure), and judgment upon the award rendered by the arbitrator(s)
may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof. Neither Party
is entitled to seek or recover punitive damages in considering or
fixing any award under these proceedings.

(c) The costs of mediation and arbitration, including any mediator's fees,
AAA administration fee, the arbitrator's fee, and costs for the use of
facilities during the hearings, shall be borne equally by the Parties.
Reasonable attorneys' fees may be awarded to the prevailing Party
(provided such a Party can clearly be

-58-

determined from the proceedings) at the discretion of the arbitrator.
Each Party's other costs and expenses will be borne by the Party
incurring them.

25. GENERAL

(a) FORCE MAJEURE

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(1) As used in this Agreement, the term "Force Majeure" means acts of God
(including but not limited to, earthquakes, fires, floods, windstorms,
landslides, and ice storms); strikes, lockouts, or other labor
disputes; acts of public enemy; wars, riots, and insurrection;
epidemics; civil disturbances; explosions; train derailments;
breakdown or failure of machinery or facilities (excluding the Cable
and Cable Accessories); accidents to machinery or equipment (excluding
the Cable and Cable Accessories), and delay in delivery of equipment
to the extent such occurrences are beyond the reasonable control of
the Parties; electrical disturbance originating in or transmitted
through such Party's electrical system or equipment or any electrical
system with which such Party's system or equipment is interconnected;
and any other event, cause, or condition beyond the Party's reasonable
control, which, by the exercise of reasonable diligence, prevents the
operation of the Cable and prevents the Party claiming Force Majeure
from performing its obligations under this Agreement.

(2) If either Party is unable to carry out its obligations under this
Agreement as a result of an event, cause, or condition of Force
Majeure, the Party claiming Force Majeure shall give notice and full
particulars of such Force Majeure in writing to the other Party within
5 calendar days after the

-60-

occurrence of the Force Majeure event, cause, or condition. Any
obligations that such Party claims it is unable to perform due to an
event, cause, or condition of Force Majeure shall be suspended during
the continuance of such event of Force Majeure. The Party claiming
Force Majeure shall use reasonable efforts to remedy and minimize the
effects of such event of Force Majeure with all reasonable dispatch.
For purposes of this Agreement, the Parties are obligated to make
payments during periods of Force Majeure; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, ▇▇▇ shall
not be obligated to make payments during periods of Force Majeure when
▇▇▇ is unable to provide service under the terms of the agreement with
ELI's customers. Interest shall not accrue on payments that become
payable to either Party during the period of any Force Majeure.

(3) Neither Party shall be liable under this Agreement for, or considered
to be in material breach or default under, this Agreement on account
of any delay in or failure of performance due to Force Majeure unless
specifically stated in this Agreement. In the event that ▇▇▇ continues
to receive revenue from End-Users under this Agreement during a Force
Majeure event, ▇▇▇ will not be excused from performing its payment
under this Agreement.

-61-

(b) NOTICES

All notices and other communications under this Agreement shall be properly
given only if made in writing; and

(1) mailed by certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid;
or

(2) delivered by facsimile transmission followed by certified mail to the
Party's at the address or facsimile number set forth in this Section
25(b) or such other address or facsimile number as such Party may
designate by notice to the other Party. Such notices and other
communications shall be effective on the date of receipt. If any such
notice or communication is not received or cannot be delivered due to
a change in the address of the receiving Party of which notice was not
previously given to the sending Party or due to a refusal to accept by
the receiving Party, such notice or other communication shall be
effective on the date delivery is attempted.

If to BPA: The Bonneville Power Administration
▇.▇. ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
Attn: To be identified under separate letter

-62-

with a copy to: The Bonneville Power Administration
▇.▇. ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
Attn: To be identified under separate letter

If to ▇▇▇: Electric Lightwave, Inc.
▇▇▇▇ ▇▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇
Attn: Legal Affairs
Phone: (▇▇▇) ▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
FAX: (▇▇▇) ▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇

-63-

▇▇▇ shall not sell, assign, lease, sublease, sub-license or otherwise
allow use of ELI's License under this Agreement to any person or
entity without BPA's written approval; which approval shall not be
unreasonably withheld. Notwithstanding the foregoing, ▇▇▇ may assign
in writing its rights and responsibilities under this Agreement to a
corporate parent, subsidiary, or commonly owned affiliate, upon
written notification to BPA, and a guarantee by its parent company,
Citizens Utilities Company, to perform the obligation of ▇▇▇ under
this Agreement. Any permitted assignment or other transfer of rights
hereunder shall be in writing and shall specify that the assignee or
other transferee is bound by the terms and conditions of this
Agreement to the same extent as if it were the original named party
instead of ▇▇▇ hereunder. In the event that ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, assigns,
leases, subleases, or otherwise allows use of ELI's License under this
Agreement, ▇▇▇ or its assigned entity shall designate a single point-
of-contact to BPA for all activities relating to this Agreement. A
sale, transfer, or distribution (by way of a dividend or otherwise) in
one or a series of transactions of 50 percent or more of the capital
stock of the entity that holds the License shall be deemed to be an
assignment of the License.

-64-

(d) PARTIAL INVALIDITY

If any provision of this Agreement is determined by a proper court to be
invalid, illegal, or unenforceable, such invalidity, illegality, or
unenforceability shall not affect the performance of other provisions of
this Agreement, and this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect
without such invalid, illegal, or unenforceable provision; provided that if
any such invalid, illegal, or unenforceable provision results in
frustration of this Agreement, such that ▇▇▇ cannot perform under Section
14, BPA shall have the right to terminate in accordance with Section 22.

(e) GOVERNING LAW

This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with
Federal law.

-65-

(f) TERMS GENERALLY

The defined terms in this Agreement shall apply equally to both the
singular and the plural forms of the terms defined. Whenever the context
may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine,
feminine, and neuter forms. The term "person" includes individuals,
corporations, partnerships, trusts, other legal entities, organizations and
associations, and any Government or governmental agency or authority. The
words "include," "includes," and "including," shall be deemed to be
followed by the phrase "without limitation." The words "approval,"
"consent," and "notice," shall be deemed to be preceded by the word
"written."

(g) RELATIONSHIP OF THE PARTIES

Nothing in this Agreement is intended or shall be deemed to constitute a
partnership, agency, or joint venture relationship between or among the
Parties hereto. The performance by the Parties of all duties and
obligations hereunder shall be as independent contractors and not as agents
of the other Party, and no persons employed or utilized by a performing
Party shall be considered employees or agents of the other.

-66-

(h) WAIVERS

No waiver of any provision or breach of this Agreement shall be effective
unless such waiver is in writing and signed by the waiving Party and any
such waiver shall not be deemed a waiver of any other provision of this
Agreement or any other breach of this Agreement.

(i) CONFIDENTIALITY

-67-

If and to the extent any information or documents furnished by one
Party to the other under this Agreement is confidential or proprietary
to the furnishing Party, the receiving Party shall treat such
information or documents as confidential and proprietary and shall
take reasonable steps to protect against the unauthorized use or
disclosure of such information or documents; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that
such information and documents are conspicuously marked or otherwise
clearly identified as confidential or proprietary when furnished; and
PROVIDED, FURTHER, that this Section 25(i) shall not apply to
information or documents in the public domain or to information or
documents required to be disclosed by any law, rule, regulation,
order, or other requirement of any governmental authority having
jurisdiction. If a Freedom of Information Act, or Congressional,
request is received by BPA for such written information or documents,
BPA must promptly notify ▇▇▇ of such request and will, further, notify
▇▇▇ if BPA is required to disclose such written information or
documents.

-68-

(j) NO THIRD-PARTY BENEFICIARIES

This Agreement creates rights and obligations only between the Parties
hereto. The Parties hereto expressly do not intend to create any
obligations or promise of performance to any other third person or entity,
nor have the Parties conferred any rights or remedy upon any third person
or entity other than the Parties hereto, their respective successor or
assigns to enforce this Agreement.

(k) MISCELLANEOUS

Neither Party shall make public announcement of this Agreement or the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement without the prior consent of
the other Party, unless such public announcement is necessary to comply
with applicable law. This Agreement shall benefit and bind ▇▇▇ and BPA and
their respective permitted successors and assigns. Time is of the essence
of this Agreement. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of
which shall be an original, but all of which shall constitute one and the
same Agreement. This Agreement may not be amended or modified except by a
written instrument signed by ▇▇▇ and BPA.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties hereto have executed this Agreement in two
counterparts.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

-69-

Department of Energy
BPA Power Administration

Name /s/ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇ for
-----------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇
Vice President, Transmission
Marketing & Sales

Date 3/23/98
-----------------------------------

ACCEPTED:

ELECTRIC LIGHTWAVE, INC.

By /s/ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
------------------------------

Name ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
------------------------------
(Print/Type)

Title President
------------------------------

Date March 23, 1998
------------------------------

-70-

EXHIBIT 10(16)(a)

Exhibit A, Page 1 of 11
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

CABLE ROUTE

ROUTE DESCRIPTION: PORTLAND-TO-SEATTLE ROUTE

The southern terminus of the route begins at BPA's ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation
located 8 miles west of Portland. The cable is attached to the St. ▇▇▇▇▇-
▇▇▇▇▇▇ No. 2 ▇▇▇▇ pole line and deadends at St. ▇▇▇▇▇ Substation located 10
miles northwest of Portland. The cable is then attached to the ▇▇▇▇-St.
▇▇▇▇▇ No. 1 steel tower line, crosses the Columbia River and deadends at
▇▇▇▇ Substation located 12 miles north of Portland. Going north out of ▇▇▇▇
Substation the cable is attached to the ▇▇▇▇-Lexington No. 1 steel tower
line and deadends at Lexington substation located a few miles north of
Longview. The cable is then attached to the Lexington-Longview No. 1 wood
pole line that deadends at Longview substation located in the west part of
Longview. The cable then is attached from a point 2 miles north of
Lexington out of Longview on the Longview-Chehalis No. 1 steel tower line
and deadends at Chehalis substation located 4 miles south of Chehalis. The
cable then goes north out of Chehalis for 11 miles on the Chehalis-
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ steel tower lime and then is attached to the Paul-Allston No. 2
for the last 3 miles going into ▇▇▇▇ substation located 3 miles northeast
of Chehalis. The cable goes north out of ▇▇▇▇ on the ▇▇▇▇-Satsop No. 1
steel tower line and deadends on the wood pole lines south of Olympia
substation located in the southwest part of Olympia. The cable then goes
west and north on the Olympia-Grand Coulee No. 1, the Olympia-White River
No. 1 and the Chehalis-▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ No. 1 steel tower lines until it
terminates at ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ substation. The total length of the route is
approximately 192 miles and requires 5 regeneration stations located near
BPA facilities along the way.

A-1

Exhibit A, Page 2 of 11
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

CABLE ROUTE

ROUTE DESCRIPTION: PORTLAND-TO-SPOKANE ROUTE

▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ FIBER ROUTE SEGMENT

------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇ SUBSTATION TO NORTH BONNEVILLE SUBSTATION - 36.0 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Control Center
------------------------------------------------------------------------
North ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ - ▇▇▇▇ No. 2
AFB 187 (37/2) To AFX 1 (1/1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ - ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ No. 1
FY 703 (151/5)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiber Optic Wood Pole
AMV 4 (1/1A)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 11, 230 kV Switchyard
North Bonneville Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------
NORTH BONNEVILLE SUBSTATION TO BIG EDDY SUBSTATION - 50.2 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 13, 230 kV Switchyard
North Bonneville Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
North Bonneville - Midway No. 1
AS 1 (1/1) To HB 152 (29/2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiber Optic Wood Pole Parallel to ▇▇▇▇▇▇ - ▇▇▇▇ No. 1
AMV 5 (116/3) To AMV 88 (97/4A)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Spearfish Tap To ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ - Goldendale No. 1
4/3 To 1/1
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiber Optic Wood Pole
AMV 89 (2/4A) To AMV 90 (2/4B)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Big Eddy - Midway No. 1
AN 5 (2/3) To AN 2 ( 1/2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Dalles Powerhouse - Big Eddy Switchyard Line No. 1
EN 3 (1/3) To EN 4 (1/4)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 10, 115 kV Switchyard
Big Eddy Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

A-2

Exhibit A, Page 3 of 11
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

CABLE ROUTE

------------------------------------------------------------------------
BIG EDDY SUBSTATION TO ▇▇▇▇ DAY SUBSTATION - 18.9 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 35, 230 kV Switchyard
Big Eddy Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiber Optic Wood Pole
AMV 130 (1/1) To AMV 131 ( 1/2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 9E, 500 kV Switchyard
Big Eddy Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇ Day - Big Eddy No. 2
BG 79 (19/4) To BG 1 (1/1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 11 W, 500 kV Switchyard
▇▇▇▇ Day Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇ DAY SUBSTATION TO ▇▇▇▇▇ SUBSTATION - 30.3 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation ▇▇▇▇ End Structure
Bay 6E, 500 kV Switchyard
▇▇▇▇ Day Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Slatt - John Day No. 1
CD 658 (31/1) To CD 521A (1/1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiber Optic Wood Pole
AMV 92 (46/1A)
▇▇▇▇▇ Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇ SUBSTATION TO ▇▇▇▇▇▇ SUBSTATION - 45.5 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiber Optic Wood Pole
AMV 92 (46/1A)
▇▇▇▇▇ Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇ - ▇▇▇▇▇ No. 1
CD 520A (46/1) To CD 394 (19/5)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiber Optic Wood Pole
AMV 94 (19/4A) To AMV 96 (19/4C)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇ - ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇. ▇
▇▇ ▇▇▇ (19/3) To CD 312 (2/2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------

A-3

Exhibit A, Page 4 of 11
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

CABLE ROUTE

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiber Optic Wood Pole
AMV 98 (2/1A)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇ - Roundup No. 1
TL 9 (2/8) To TL 1 (1/1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 10, 230 kV Switchyard
▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇ SUBSTATION TO FRANKLIN SUBSTATION - 26.5 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 2, 69 kV Switchyard
▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiber Optic Wood Pole
AMV 99 (1/7A) To AMV 100 (1/7B)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇ - ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇. ▇
▇▇ ▇ (1/7) To SN 149R (20/8)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiber Optic Wood Pole Parallel To ▇▇▇▇▇▇ - ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ No. 2
AMV 101 (21/1) To AMV 119 (24/5)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇ - ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ No. 2
Sh 4 (24/6) To ABH 1 (27/7)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 5, 230 kV Switchyard
Franklin Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ - ▇▇▇▇ FIBER ROUTE SEGMENT

------------------------------------------------------------------------
FRANKLIN SUBSTATION TO ▇▇▇▇▇▇ SUBSTATION - 21.0 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 9, 115 kV Switchyard
Franklin Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇ - ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇. ▇
▇▇ ▇▇▇ (21/13) To UH 1 (1/1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 5, 115 kV Switchyard
▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

A-4

Exhibit A, Page 5 of 11
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

CABLE ROUTE

------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇ SUBSTATION TO ▇▇▇▇ SUBSTATION - 3.9 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 19, 230 kV Switchyard
▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Midway - ▇▇▇▇▇▇ No. 2
AFA 143 (29/6) To AFA 130 (27/4)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lower Monumental - ▇▇▇▇ No. 1
ACF 183 (39/2) To ACF 191 (40/5)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 8, 500 kV Switchyard
▇▇▇▇ Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇ SUBSTATION TO HANFORD SUBSTATION - 19.6 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Midway - ▇▇▇▇▇▇ No. 2
AFA 130 (27/4) To AFA 74 (15/3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇ - ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ No. 1
AAV 54 (11/3) To CA 261 (18/4)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 4, 500 kV Switchyard
Hanford Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------
HANFORD SUBSTATION TO MIDWAY SUBSTATION - 14.3 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Midway - ▇▇▇▇▇▇ No. 2
AFA 74 (15/3) To AFA 10 (2/3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Midway ▇▇▇▇▇▇ No. 1
TV 11 (2/3) To TV 1 (1/1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 7, 115 kV Switchyard
Midway Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------
MIDWAY SUBSTATION TO MOXEE SUBSTATION - 34.0 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 4, 115 kV Switchyard
Midway Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Midway - Moxee No. 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------

A-5

Exhibit A, Page 6 of 11
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

CABLE ROUTE

------------------------------------------------------------------------
YC 1A (1/1) To YC 222 (34/8)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 4, 115 kV Switchyard
Moxee Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------
MOXEE SUBSTATION TO ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ SUBSTATION - 40.0 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 9, 114 kV Switchyard
Moxee Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Columbia - Moxee No. 1
YD 1 (66/10) To FF 388A (26/5)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 5W (26/4), 500 kV Switchyard
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ SUBSTATION TO COLUMBIA SUBSTATION - 26.0 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 5E (26/3), 500 kV Switchyard
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Columbia - Moxee No. 1
FF 389A (26/2) To FF 442 (19/1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Olympia - Grand Coulee No. 1
AF 664 (137/5) To AF 736 (155/3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 17, 230 kV Switchyard
Columbia Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------
COLUMBIA SUBSTATION TO VALHALLA SUBSTATION - 5.4 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 5, 230 kV Switchyard
Columbia Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rocky Reach - Columbia No. 1
AC 98 (21/3) To AC 79 (17/3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Columbia - ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇. ▇
▇▇ ▇▇ (4/9) To NJ 47 (5/12)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
------------------------------------------------------------------------

A-6

Exhibit A, Page 7 of 11
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

CABLE ROUTE

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bay 5, 115 kV Switchyard
Valhalla Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------
VALHALLA SUBSTATION TO ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ SUBSTATION - 16.7 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rocky Reach - Columbia No. 1
AC 79 (17/3) To AC 7 (2/2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ - ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇. ▇
▇▇ ▇▇ (▇/▇) ▇▇ ▇▇ ▇▇ (1/1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 3, 500 kV Switchyard
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ SUBSTATION TO CHIEF ▇▇▇▇▇▇ SUBSTATION - 44.6 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 4, 500 kV Switchyard
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chief ▇▇▇▇▇▇ - ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ No. 1
GU 221 (45/6) To GU 10 (2/3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Grand Coulee - Chief ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇. ▇
▇▇ ▇▇▇ (33/1) To FB 261 (33/5)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay 10, 230 kV Switchyard
Chief ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHIEF ▇▇▇▇▇▇ SUBSTATION TO GRAND COULEE SUBSTATION - 31.7 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Grand Coulee - Chief ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇. ▇
▇▇ ▇▇▇ (33/1) To FB 1R (1/1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇, 230 kV Switchyard
Grand Coulee Substation
------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------
GRAND COULEE SUBSTATION TO MONROE CONTROL CENTER - 82.9 MILES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substation Dead End Structure
Bay Y19, 230 kV Switchyard
Grand Coulee Substation
========================================================================

A-7

Exhibit A, Page 8 of 11
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

CABLE ROUTE

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Grand Coulee - ▇▇▇▇ No. 5
AH 14R (1/1) to AH 413 (82/4)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Grand Coulee - ▇▇▇▇
▇▇ 717 (82/8) To ZC 729 (84/2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Monroe Control Center
------------------------------------------------------------------------

A-8

Exhibit A, Page 9 of 11
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

CABLE ROUTE

ROUTE DESCRIPTION: SPOKANE-TO-SEATTLE ROUTE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇ TO ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ (SOUTHERN ROUTE)
3/19/98
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Station or Line
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Tower Ser. #) Distance Operational Line Name Comments
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(miles)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

▇▇▇▇
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ - ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇. ▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Creston
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
30 Grand Coulee - ▇▇▇▇ no. 2 115 kv
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Grand Coulee
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9 Columbia - Grand Coulee no. 3 230 kv
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Str. 66/2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 Transition
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Str. 66/1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
21 Columbia - Grand Coulee no. 1 230 kv
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
St. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ (regen)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
44 Columbia - Grand Coulee no. 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Columbia
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
26 Olympia - Grand Coulee no. 1 230 kv
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
38 Olympia - Grand Coulee ▇▇. ▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇ (▇▇▇. ▇▇▇.)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Easton R.S. (regen) Splice at structure 92/2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Olympia - Grand Coulee no. 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Str. 90/3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Transition
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Str. 80/3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8 ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ - ▇▇▇▇▇ no. 4 Stampede Pass
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Str. 89/1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Transition
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Str. 81/5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11 Olympia - Grand Coulee ▇▇. ▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇ (▇▇▇. ▇▇▇.)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Str. 70/6
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 Transition
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Str. 27/3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
15 ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ - Columbia no. 3 230 kv
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Str. 12/1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 Transition
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

A-9

Exhibit A, Page 10 of 11
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

CABLE ROUTE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Str. 4/1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 Raver - Echo Lake no. 1 500 kv
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Raver
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 ▇▇▇▇▇ - ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ no. 2 500 kv
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total distance 268
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. All cable is 72 count.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

A-10

Exhibit A, Page 11 of 11
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

CABLE ROUTE

[MAP]*

* Confidential information has been omitted pursuant to a request for
confidential treatment. Such material has been filed separately with the
Securities and Exchange Commision.

A-11

EXHIBIT 10(16)(b)

Exhibit B, Page 1 of 2
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

PAYMENT SPECIFICATIONS

ELI's MONTHLY PAYMENT to BPA will equal GRV multiplied by the Payment Factor.

The PAYMENT FACTOR equals * (*) until ELI's cumulative monthly payments to BPA
exceed BPA Capital Costs, after which the Payment Factor will equal * (*) for
the remainder of the Agreement.

The GRV will be determined using the following formula:

GRV = ELITSV + EUTSV + DFLV + OTSV

Where:
GRV = GROSS REVENUE VALUE
ELITSV = ▇▇▇ TRANSPORT SERVICE VALUE(S)
EUTSV = END-USER TRANSPORT SERVICE VALUE(S)
DFLV = DARK FIBER LEASE VALUE(S)
OTSV = OTHER TRANSPORT SERVICE VALUE(S)

* Confidential information has been omitted pursuant to a request for
confidential treatment. Such material has been filed separately with the
Securities and Exchange Commision.

B-1

Exhibit B, Page 2 of 2
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

PAYMENT SPECIFICATIONS

Combined Washington BPA Routes
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1997* 1998* 1999* 2000* 2001* 2002* 2003* 2004* 2005* 2006* 2007*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Revenue Forecast
----------------
Revenue Growth yrs 6-10*
Revenue Growth yrs 11-20*

Portland to Seattle*
Portland to Tacoma*
Seattle to Tacoma*
Portland to Olympia*
Seattle to Olympia*
Portland to Tri Cities*
Portland to Spokane*
Portland to Yakima*
Spokane to Yakima*
Spokane to Tri Cities*
Yakima to Tri Cities*
Seattle to Spokane*
Seattle to Yakima*
Seattle to Tri Cities*

Seattle route revenues*
Spokane route revenues*

Embedded Revenue*

Sonet Ring Revenue Increase*

Total Revenue*

Revenue Split:
BPA Revenue split percentage*
Until capital is repaid*
After capital is repaid*
BPA Annual Revenues*

BPA Cumulative Revenues*

Guaranteed Fee Value 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260
BPA Revenues*

Total BPA Revenues*

Capital Investment
------------------

Number of Miles*
Outside Plant*
BPA Miles*
Seattle Outside Plant*
BPA Miles*
Spokane Outside Plant*
BPA Miles*
Seattle to Spokane Outside Plant*
BPA Miles*
Seattle to Spokane Outside Plant*

BPA
Cash Flow:
---------

Capital Expenditures*
Revenue*
BPA Cash Flow*

* Confidential information has been omitted pursuant to a request for
confidential treatment. Such material has been filed separately with the
Securities and Exchange Commission.

B-2

Combined Washington BPA Routes
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2008* 2009* 2010* 2011* 2012* 2013* 2014* 2015* 2016* 2017* 2018*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Revenue Forecast
----------------
Revenue Growth yrs 6-10*
Revenue Growth yrs 11-20*

Seattle route revenues*
Spokane route revenues*

Embedded Revenue*

Sonet Ring Revenue Increase*

Total Revenue*

Revenue Split:
BPA Revenue split percentage*
Until capital is repaid*
After capital is repaid*
BPA Annual Revenues*

BPA Cumulative Revenues*

Guaranteed Fee Value 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260
BPA Revenues*

Total BPA Revenues*

Capital Investment
------------------

Number of Miles*
Outside Plant*
BPA Miles*
Seattle Outside Plant*
BPA Miles*
Spokane Outside Plant*
BPA Miles*
Seattle to Spokane Outside Plant*
BPA Miles*
Seattle to Spokane Outside Plant*

BPA
Cash Flow:
---------

Capital Expenditures*
Revenue*
BPA Cash Flow*

* Confidential information has been omitted pursuant to a request for
confidential treatment. Such material has been filed separately with the
Securities and Exchange Commission.

B-3

EXHIBIT 10(16)(c)

Exhibit C, Page 1 of 4
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

COMMERCIAL FIBER SPECIFICATIONS
SINGLE-MODE OPTICAL FIBER

GENERAL

The fiber is optimized for use in the 1310 nm wavelength region. The
information-carrying capacity of the fiber is at its highest in this
transmission window; it is also where dispersion is the lowest. The fiber can
also be effectively used in the 1550 nm wavelength region.

The fiber coating is optimized for use in many single and multi-fiber cable
designs including loose tube, ribbon, slotted core and tight buffer cables. The
fiber coating shall provide fiber protection and must be easy to work with. The
fiber coating must be capable of mechanical stripping with an outside diameter
of at least 245 micro m.

The fiber is manufactured using the Outside Vapor Deposition (OVD) process,
which produces a totally synthetic, ultra-pure fiber. As a result, the fiber
has consistent geometric properties, high strength and low attenuation.

GENERAL FEATURES AND BENEFITS

. Versatility in 1310 nm and 1550 nm applications.

. Geometrical properties that allow for low splice loss and high splice
yields.

. OVD manufacturing reliability and product consistency.

. Optimized for use in ribbon, loose tube and other common cable designs.

Exhibit C, Page 2 of 4
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

OPTICAL SPECIFICATIONS

ATTENUATION

-----------------------------------
UNCABLED FIBER ATTENUATION CELLS POINT DISCONTINUITY
-----------------------------------

Attenuation Cells No point of discontinuity greater than
(dB/km) 0.10 dB at either 1310 nm or 1550 nm.
-----------------------------------
Wavelength (nm) Standard
-----------------------------------
1310 Less than or ATTENUATION AT THE WATER PEAK
equal to 0.40
-----------------------------------
1550 Less than or The attenuation at 1383 + 3 nm shall not
equal to 0.30 exceed 2.1 dB/km. -
-----------------------------------

----------------------------------
ATTENUATION VS. WAVELENGTH
----------------------------------

Range Ref.L Max Increase The attenuation in a given wavelength
(nm) (nm) A(dB/km) range does not exceed the attenuation of
---------------------------------- the reference wavelength (L) by more
1285-1330 1310 0.05 than the value A.
----------------------------------
1525-1575 1550 0.05
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------
ATTENUATION WITH BENDING
--------------------------------------------------
Mandrel Number of Wavelength Induced The induced attenuation due
Diameter Turns (nm) Attenuation to fiber wrapped around a
(nm) (dB) mandrel of a specified
--------------------------------------------------
32 1 1550 Less than or diameter.
equal to 0.50
--------------------------------------------------
75 100 1310 Less than or
equal to 0.05
--------------------------------------------------
75 100 1550 Less than or
equal to 0.10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. CABLE CUTOFF WAVELENGTH (L\ccf\) . MODE-FIELD DIAMETER
(L\ccf\) Less than 1260 micro m 9.30 + 0.50 micro m at 1310 nm
10.50 + 1.00 micro m at 1550 nm
. DISPERSION

C-2

Exhibit C, Page 3 of 4
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

Zero Dispersion Wavelength (Lo): 1301.5 nm less than or equal to (Lo) less
than or equal to 1321.5 nm

Zero Dispersion Slope (So): less than or equal to 0.092 ps/(nm/2/ . km)

Fiber Polarization Mode Dispersion Coefficient (PMD): less than or equal to
0.5 psec divided by km

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DISPERSION CALCULATION
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Dispersion = D (L): approximately So [L - Lo4] ps/ (▇▇.▇▇), for 1200 nm less than or equal to L
-- --- less than
4 [ L3] or equal to L = Operating Wavelength
1600 nm
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS

---------------------------------------------------------------------
ENVIRONMENTAL TEST INDUCED Operating Temperature Range
CONDITION ATTENUATION -60C to +85C
(DB/KM)
---------------------------------------------------------------------

1310 nm 1550 nm
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Temperature Dependence Less than or Less than or
-60 degrees to +85 degrees C equal to 0.05 equal to 0.05
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Temperature-Humidity Cycling Less than or Less than or
-10C to +85C, up to 98% RH equal to 0.05 equal to 0.05
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Water Immersion, 23C Less than or Less than or
equal to 0.05 equal to 0.05
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Heat Aging, 85C Less than or Less than or
equal to 0.05 equal to 0.05
---------------------------------------------------------------------

DIMENSIONAL SPECIFICATIONS

STANDARD LENGTH (KM/REEL): 2.2 - 25.0

C-3

Exhibit C, Page 4 of 4
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

GLASS GEOMETRY COATING GEOMETRY
Fiber Curl: greater than or equal 2.0 m Coating Diameter: 245 + 10 micro m
radius of curvature -
Cladding Diameter: 125.0 + 1.0 micro m Coating-Cladding Concentricity:
- less than 12 micro m
Core-Clad Concentricity: less than
or equal to 0.8 micro m
Cladding Non-Circularity: less than 1.0%

[ Min. Cladding Diameter ]
Defined as: [1 - ---------------------- ] x 100
[ Max. Cladding Diameter ]

MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS

PROOF TEST:
The entire length of fiber is subjected to a tensile proof stress greater than
or equal to 100 kpsi (0.7 GOOSEBERRY/NARROWS PROJECT/m/2/)

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATIONS
Characterized parameters must be typical values.

CORE DIAMETER: REFRACTIVE INDEX DIFFERENCE:
8.3 micro m 0.36%

NUMERICAL APERTURE: EFFECTIVE GROUP INDEX OF REFRACTION (NeP):
0.13 1.4675 at 1310 nm
NA measured at the one 1.4681 at 1550 nm
percent power angle of a
one-dimensional far-field
scan at 1310 nm.

ZERO DISPERSION WAVELENGTH (L.): FATIGUE RESISTANCE PARAMETER nd:
1312 nm Greater than or equal to 20

ZERO DISPERSION SLOPE (S.): COATING STRIP FORCE:
0.090 ps/(nm/2/.km) Dry: 0.7 lbs. (3.2 N)
Wet: 14 days room temperature: 0.7 lbs.
(3.2 N)

C-4

EXHIBIT 10(16)(d)

Exhibit D, Page 1 of 4
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

ACCEPTANCE TESTING STANDARDS

BPA shall meet or exceed the Acceptance Testing Standards set forth below. In
the event BPA's performance requirements for its communications system requires
BPA to exceed the standards and requirements specified in this Exhibit D, BPA
shall apply the higher standard.

▇▇▇ Network Span and Final Acceptance Requirements:

1.0 Design Criteria:
-------------------

The number of cable splices at the time of original construction must be
designed to an average of 4 km between splices. Due to cable cuts, and cable
relocation, additional splices are allowed. The number of splices must be
closely monitored to insure attenuation and reflection tolerances are
maintained.

Construction:
------------

Cable must be constructed in accordance with sound commercial practices. The
National Electrical Code shall be followed in every case except where local
regulations are more stringent, in which case local regulations shall govern.

2.0 Typical Fiber Cable Information:
-----------------------------------

Single mode fiber specifications may vary, depending on the fiber manufacturer.
Typical concatenated levels of 0.35 dB per km @ 1310nm and 0.25 per km @ 1550nm
are expected.

3.0 Span Requirements:
---------------------

Span documentation must be performed using the two following methods: OTDR
(optical time domain reflectometer) and insertion loss (stabilized light source
and power meter) measurement in each direction at 1550nm wavelength.

. Maximum total span loss must not exceed 35.0 dB at 1550nm.
----------
. Maximum dB/Km loss must not exceed 0.35 dB/Km at 1550nm.
-----

D-1

Exhibit D, Page 2 of 4
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

ACCEPTANCE TESTING STANDARDS

. In no case shall a fiber show a point discontinuity greater than 0.1dB.
Discontinuities (known as steps, splices, or attenuation non-uniformities)
shall be measured with an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to
determine the loss of the localized attenuation. The lease squares fit
method of measurement must be used to determine the magnitude of the loss
of a point discontinuity.

. Typical span scenarios 30.0 dB=120 Km x .25 dB/Km.
----

. Maximum fiber loss scenario 35.0 dB=100 Km x .35 dB/Km. (depends on
----------
regeneration huts).

. Maximum span dispersion = 2250 ps/mn/Km.
---------------

. Performance levels at the time of acceptance must be maintained at all times.

. Test data including OTDR hard copies or electronic data must be submitted to
Common System Engineering before Final Acceptance. ▇▇▇, at its discretion,
may choose to physically monitor any or all testing associated with Final
Acceptance of the Commercial Fiber.

In the event the measured span measured values exceeds the calculated values,
BPA will perform corrective maintenance as required to restore the Commercial
Fiber to the calculated values.

4.0 Splice Loss:
---------------

The splice loss will average 0.10dB. All splicing will be performed by the
proprietor pursuant to fibers leased agreement. Further, no individual splice
will exceed 0.50dB. Splices shall be measured using bi-directional methods to
average absolute splice loss. All fiber splicing must be fusion type.
--------------------------------------

5.0 Compliance:
--------------

Customer, at its discretion, may choose to physically monitor any or all testing
associated with acceptance of the Commercial Fiber. Test data including OTDR
hard copies or electronic data must be submitted to ▇▇▇ for review. Customer
has the option to waive any specifications and/or requirements listed in the
technical specification criteria (limited to ▇▇▇ receiving a hard copy of their
fiber only).

D-2

Exhibit D, Page 3 of 4
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

ACCEPTANCE TESTING STANDARDS

6.0 Waivers:
-----------

The proprietor must provide Fibers with attenuation of not greater than 0.35
loss per .km @ 1550nm and will not be required to perform corrective maintenance
under .25dB to reduce span attenuation.

7.0 Key Optical Performance Characteristics Required for Single-Mode Optical
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cables:
------

7.1 Attenuation Single Mode Non-Shifted:
---------------------------------------

. The attenuation must not exceed 0.30 dB/Km when measured at a wavelength of
1.55 microns (1550nm) using the two point measurement.

. The attenuation must not exceed 0.40 dB/Km when measured at a wavelength of
1.30 microns (1310nm) using the two point measurement.

7.2 Attenuation Single Mode Dispersion Shifted:
----------------------------------------------

. The attenuation must not exceed 0.25 dB/Km when measured at a wavelength of
1.55 microns (1550nm) using the two joint measurement.

7.3 Attenuation versus Wavelength Single-Mode and Dispersion Shifted:
--------------------------------------------------------------------

. The attenuation for the wavelength region form 1525 nm to 1575 nm must not
exceed the attenuation at 1550 nm by more than 0.05 dB/Km.

7.4 Chromatic Dispersion Non-Dispersion Shifted (ps/nm-km):
----------------------------------------------------------

. For conventional single mode fibers, the zero dispersion wavelength must be
1301.5 to 1321.5nm. The maximum dispersion slope (SoMAX) must be no greater
than 0.092ps/(km-nm/2)/. The nominal zero dispersion wavelength must be
near 1310nm zero dispersion range. The dispersion between 1530 and 1570 nm
must be less than or equal to 18 ps/(nm km).

7.5 Cutoff Wavelength:
---------------------

. The cutoff wavelength of cabled fiber must be less than 1260 nm.

D-3

Exhibit D, Page 4 of 4
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

ACCEPTANCE TESTING STANDARDS

7.6 Core Diameter:
-----------------

. The core diameter must be typically 8.3+0.13.
-

7.7 Temperature:
---------------

. Operating Temperature Range -60 C to +85 C.

BPA will insure that the Cable and related appurtenances meet all of the above
optical performance characteristics operating systems power level.

D-4

EXHIBIT 10(16)(e)

Exhibit E, page 1 of 39
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

DETAILED RESTORATION PLANS

FIBER OPTIC RESTORATION PLAN

BONNEVILLE POWER ADMINISTRATION &

ELECTRIC LIGHTWAVE, INC.

CONTENTS SECTION

General 1.0

Safety 2.0

Training 3.0

Fault Identification/Location 4.0

Emergency Call-out Procedure 5.0

Equipment and Materials 6.0

Response Time 7.0

Priority of Fiber Optic Cable Restoration 8.0

Restoration Procedures and Emergency Splicing 9.0

Final Repairs 10.0

Records/Documentation 11.0

Appendix 12.0

A: Emergency Contact List

B: Nonelectrical Worker Card Requirements

C: Emergency Tools, Equipment, and Materials List

D: Emergency Restoration Procedure

Chapter 1.0

General

This plan specifies general guidelines and procedures for restoring damaged
fiber optic cable on Bonneville's transmission line right-of-way, between
Bonneville's ▇▇▇▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ substations as quickly and safely as possible.
Timely restoration depends upon coordination and cooperation between Bonneville
and Electric Lightwave (▇▇▇). Bonneville will use its best efforts in all
restoration activities concerning these facilities. These efforts will be
consistent with prudent utility practice, and will comply with existing contract
provisions between Bonneville and the Columbia Power Trades Council (CPTC). In
addition all applicable safety rules in the Bonneville Accident Prevention
Manual (APM) will be followed so as to not jeopardize the health and safety of
Bonneville employees, agents of ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇ employees, agents of ▇▇▇, or the
general public.

Page 2

Chapter 2.0

Safety

Protection of the general public and utility personnel shall be the first
consideration before starting any aspect of restoration. ▇▇▇ employees, agents
and contractors who will be working on the fiber optic cable will be required to
follow all the rules in Bonneville's Accident Prevention Manual (APM). Due to
the possibility of electrical contact, it is essential that a minimum of two
Bonneville - qualified electrical workers, knowledgeable of the tasks and
hazards involved, be at the restoration site prior to commencing any activities
where workers could come in contact with a potential energized conductor or
fiber optic cable. The majority of cable chosen for this project is all
dielectric, self supporting (ADSS). Even though it is an all dielectric cable,
some conductivity may result from moisture on the cable or from contamination in
the surrounding air. As a precaution, it is recommended that the installed
cable be grounded as close to the work site as possible prior to any worker
contacting the cable.

The minimum approach distance (MAD), as described in the BPA APM, and grounding
requirements for fiber optic cable have not been established. Therefore, at
this time it is recommended that the minimum approach distance and grounding
requirements described in the APM for insulated overhead groundwire Rule M-1 be
followed for the fiber optic cable. The Bonneville Safety Office is presently
working on both grounding requirements and the minimum approach distance for
fiber optic cable. When this information is established, Bonneville will
schedule the necessary training sessions to update personnel.

Page 3

Under no circumstances shall any member of an ▇▇▇ field crew or an ▇▇▇
contractor approach downed transmission lines, cable, guy wires or structures,
climb or attempt to climb any structure or take any action which might result in
contact with or exposure to any part of Bonneville's electrical transmission
system prior to authorization by Bonneville's designated electrical worker in
charge of restoration. Bonneville's representative in charge will have the
authority to stop all work that involves the potential for health hazard or
safety concerns.

Page 4

Chapter 3.0

Training

It is important that all personnel involved with troubleshooting and restoration
of fiber optic systems be thoroughly and properly trained. All Bonneville and
▇▇▇ representatives that will construct, install, repair, replace or otherwise
handle the cable or related materials and equipment shall be properly trained
and equipped to meet all current industry standards. If any restoration
activities will involve the potential to expose an employee to lasers, the
employees must first be trained in laser awareness.

All restoration technicians or representatives of ▇▇▇ who will be involved with
any restoration activities involving the fiber optic cable on Bonneville's
transmissions line right-of-way must attend a power line safety orientation
presented by Bonneville. Attendees will receive appropriate instructions and
will be required to demonstrate a level of understanding necessary to safely
perform the work required. Part of the procedures will require employees or
representatives of ▇▇▇ to obtain a "Contractor Nonelectric Worker Card". See
Appendix B.

The Bonneville Safety Office will, upon request answer any questions on subject
matter covered in the Accident Prevention Manual (APM). Make available or do
any training on the hazards associated with working in the proximity of high
voltage lines, facilities and right-of-ways. The Bonneville Safety Office may
be reached at any time through the Bonneville Dispatcher or during normal
business hours in Vancouver, Washington at (▇▇▇) ▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇.

Page 5

Chapter 4.0

Fault Identification/Location

▇▇▇ is responsible for monitoring their fibers and determining the accurate
location of the fault within ten meters of the actual fault. To aid in fault
location, Bonneville will provide ▇▇▇ with plan and profile maps with will
include a mapping system of the fiber optic cable indicating the length of the
cable in relationship to the Bonneville structure numbering sequence of the
transmission line. These maps will be available to both Bonneville and ▇▇▇. In
identifying the fault location ▇▇▇ will identify the nearest structure by its
Bonneville designated number and identify how many feet from this structure and
in which direction from this structure the fault is located.

BPA will provide ▇▇▇ with documentation to assist in fault location.

Page 6

Chapter 5.0

Emergency Call-out Procedure

▇▇▇ is responsible for monitoring the ▇▇▇ fiber optic cable, and upon knowledge
of a failure, will contact the Bonneville Dispatch Center. ▇▇▇ will provide the
Bonneville Dispatch Center with time, location of the fault and any other
information that will help on the location and restoration efforts. The
Bonneville Dispatch Center will follow normal call-out procedures to assemble a
crew from the Transmission Line Maintenance (TLM) District closest to the site
of the suspected fault. If the BPA Dispatcher is unable to contact a minimum of
two qualified electrical workers, the Dispatcher will call for additional help
from the next closest TLM District and also will contact the Regional Manager or
Regional Field Services Specialist to develop a course of action. "As soon as
delay of maintenance personnel is determined to exceed the four hour arrival
time and it is determined that a full crew cannot respond as referenced in the
License Agreement on p. 15 (see 12(d), 1, line 6), the BPA dispatch Center will
notify ▇▇▇.

Bonneville will inform ▇▇▇ in the event they will need assistance or that it
will be necessary for ▇▇▇ to make the entire repair with minimal assistance
from Bonneville personnel. In the event ▇▇▇ will be making the repair,
Bonneville will dispatch a minimum of two electrical workers to safety watch,
---------------------------------
take any necessary hold orders or clearances on the transmission lines, escort
▇▇▇ personnel onto the transmission line right-of-way, and lower the fiber optic
cable for repairs. BPA will reimburse ▇▇▇ for all reasonable repair-related
costs upon submission of an invoice by ▇▇▇. The exact location may or may not
be available at the time ▇▇▇ makes the initial call notifying Bonneville of the
fault, but as soon as it becomes available it must be relayed to the restoration
crew.

The Bonneville Dispatch Center will assist ▇▇▇ and Bonneville personnel with
contacting each other to determine a course of action and locations where the
two companies can meet to access the fault location site. Depending upon the
location of the fault and other factors that may affect access to the fault
site, Bonneville

Page 7

shall, at its discretion , determine the best place to meet ▇▇▇ personnel. In
some cases, depending upon the situation at the time, Bonneville may direct ▇▇▇
personnel to wait for Bonneville personnel on public access roads and allow
Bonneville personnel to escort ▇▇▇ to the fault site. In other instances it may
be determined by Bonneville that the Parties shall meet at the actual fault
site.

Both Bonneville and ELI's call-out list, as well as a list of designated meeting
points, can be found in Appendix A. The parties will meet periodically, as
needed by either party, to tour facilities and review the APM, contact lists,
meeting points, route information, and training requirements.

Page 8

Chapter 6.0

Equipment and Materials

Bonneville will store and maintain all required tools, equipment and materials
for the emergency restoration of the fiber optic cable. All of the materials,
tools and equipment used to perform a restoration repair must meet current
industry standards at the time of the repair. It is essential that all tools
and equipment be kept in proper working condition and safe-guarded at each
District Headquarters. To insure that components will be available when needed
in the event of an emergency, all of the restoration materials will be kept in a
locked container that can be quickly and easily loaded into a vehicle in the
event of an emergency.

The Transmission Line Maintenance Districts will assemble a restoration kit that
contains sufficient tools, materials, and enough emergency restoration cable to
perform an emergency restoration repair to the longest span of fiber optic cable
within their districts. The tools and equipment that Bonneville assembles for
emergency restoration will be inventoried and reviewed frequently to insure
sufficient and proper materials are on hand and current with industry standards.
▇▇▇, upon Bonneville's request for assistance, will have access to necessary
tools, equipment, and materials at designated restoration sites coordinated by
the BPA representative in charge of restoration. It may be necessary for BPA
and ▇▇▇ personnel to jointly utilize materials, fiber restoration equipment, and
designated restoration sites.

Tools, materials, and equipment are listed in Appendix C.

Page 9

Chapter 7.0

Response Time

Bonneville will begin restoration efforts immediately upon notification by ▇▇▇
of a failure. Once Bonneville has been notified by ▇▇▇ of a fault or failure of
the cable, they have one hour to determine if they can assemble sufficient crew
members to perform restoration repairs. the line crew supervisor of the
district where the fault has occurred will decide if Bonneville will make the
actual repair or restoration. In the event that the Bonneville Dispatch Center
is unable to reach a line crew supervisor for a decision or sufficient crew
members to form a restoration crew, they then will call the Regional Manager for
a decision whether Bonneville or ▇▇▇ will be making the repairs. The Bonneville
Dispatch Center will inform ELI's Network Operations Center (NOC) of the
decision. In the event that Bonneville decides that it is unable to make the
repairs or restoration they will still dispatch a minimum of two electrical
workers as outlined in Chapter 5.0 to assist ▇▇▇ with access to the transmission
line and restoration efforts.

It is understood that both parties will make a best effort to repair and
complete the required restoration as soon as possible. It is also understood
that an assessment of the actual restoration time will not be known until the
circumstances of the failure are known.

Page 10

Chapter 8.0

Priority of Fiber Optic Cable Restoration

In the event of a major failure to either the fiber optic cable and-or
Bonneville's transmission line, the following procedure will be implemented.
Bonneville's first obligation is to restore critical electric transmission
facilities followed by the restoration of fibers deemed critical to Bonneville.
Then repairs will be made to ELI's active fibers. When authorized by
Bonneville, ELI's portion of the cable may be repaired simultaneously by ▇▇▇
personnel while Bonneville crews are repairing Bonneville's transmission line or
its fibers, provided that ELI's activities do not interfere with Bonneville's
restoration efforts. ▇▇▇ will determine the individual priority of their fibers
for restoration at the time of the outage. Priority of ▇▇▇ fiber will be
determined by ELI's NOC supervisor on duty at the time of the outage, within 30
minutes of the reported fiber outage.

Page 11

Chapter 9.0

Restoration Procedures

A Bonneville representative at the site will coordinate who performs what tasks
of the restoration effort. The Bonneville Dispatch Center will be the primary
contact for communications between the Bonneville restoration crew and any ▇▇▇
personnel or representatives. When restoration assistance has been requested
and if ▇▇▇ technicians are unable to contact Bonneville's restoration crew, the
Bonneville Dispatch Center will coordinate communications. After the two work
groups meet, the Bonneville crew will escort ▇▇▇ representatives onto the
transmission line right-of-way.

Upon locating the fault, the Bonneville crew supervisor will assess the
situation and determine whether or not a transmission line clearance or hold
order are necessary for the safety of the workers. After any necessary
clearances or hold orders have been issued, the Bonneville crew supervisor will
develop a course of action. If it is determined that ELI's help is needed, the
two utilities will form one or more common work groups. Restoration will
proceed according to the Restoration Procedure in Appendix D, unless otherwise
stated in this restoration plan.

To prevent vandalism or disturbance of any temporary cable, the cable will be
positioned in as secure location as practicable. Temporary fiber which is left
on the ground should only be left in locations which minimize its exposure.

These procedures may vary depending on the severity of the outage, the
conditions prevailing at the time of the outage and subsequent restoration
efforts. From time to time, Bonneville and ▇▇▇ may amend existing procedures or
establish additional procedures for dealing with outages.

Page 12

Emergency Splicing

The Bonneville crew supervisor will be in charge of restoration and will take
the lead in coordinating and organizing the restoration repair. After
Bonneville has insured that the work area is safe, the Bonneville workers will
lower the cable or splice boxes to the ground or locate the cable ends so that
restoration on the fiber optic cable can begin. All splicing of the fiber optic
cable will be performed or supervised by Bonneville. All work will be performed
following industry standards and all of Bonneville's safety rules.

Emergency splices will be mechanical , but it is recognized that fusion splices
may be needed to fully restore the cable capability. Fusion splices will be
performed as soon as possible after emergency restoration. All required splices
will be checked by BPA and ▇▇▇ to the satisfaction of both parties.

Page 13

Chapter 10.0

Final Repairs

Final repair to restore the cable to as close to its original condition as
possible will be performed or supervised by Bonneville personnel. Both
Bonneville and ▇▇▇ will coordinate this effort according to system needs and
taking advantage of the most opportune time to make final repairs. After final
repairs have been completed ▇▇▇ will perform any testing to insure integrity of
the splices and provide Bonneville with a copy of the results. BPA will remove
all temporary facilities.

Page 14

Chapter 11.0

Records/Documentation

Bonneville will maintain, at each district maintenance headquarters, test
records for the fiber optic cable. This will include test data taken upon the
initial energization of the fiber and any testing done after the splicing.
Either Party that performs testing on the fiber optic cable shall make the
results available to the other upon request. Bonneville will provide ▇▇▇
current plan and profile drawings with the fiber optic cable identified and
locate in feet/meters in relationship to Bonneville structures. Each party must
also have documentation showing ownership changes.

Page 15

Appendix A:

Emergency Contact List:

The Emergency Contact List will be reviewed annually by both Parties. Each
Party is responsible for informing the other Party of changes to the list.

The following list is an emergency contact, call-out list of ▇▇▇ and Bonneville
personnel. All contacts from ▇▇▇ regarding initial notification that a fault
-----------------------------------------------------------------
has occurred on the fiber optic cable will be made to the Bonneville Dispatch
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Center. This facility is staffed 24 hours a day and is presently the contact
------
center for all of Bonneville's transmission line work.

▇▇▇ Escalation List:

Level 1 - Immediate contact:
▇▇▇ Network Operations Center
24 hour operations
800.622-4354

If response is inadequate after 30 minutes, go to LEVEL 2 Escalation:
NOC Supervisor
▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
Office 800.622-4354
Pager 360.690-3050

If response is inadequate after 30 minutes, go to LEVEL 3 Escalation:
Director -NOC
▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇
Office 360.891-3765
Pager 800.759-7243 pin 555-2167

Page 16

Director-Field Operations
▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
Office 503.417-8559
Pager 800.759-7243 pin 544-3741

If response is inadequate after 30 minutes, go to LEVEL 4:
Vice President-Operations
▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
Office 360.604-5322
Pager ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇

BPA Contact List:

▇▇▇▇▇ ▇ - ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇
▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇, if busy call ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇

▇▇▇▇▇ ▇ - If no response to Level 1 contact, immediately call the appropriate
district near the fault as listed below.

▇▇▇▇ Maintenance District
▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇, District Transmission Line Maintenance ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ III
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, Lineman ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ I
▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇
▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
work 360.418.2590 or ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇
cell ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇
fax ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇

Page ▇▇

▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, District Transmission Line Maintenance ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ III
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇, Lineman ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ III
▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
work ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇
cell ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇
fax ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇

Olympia Maintenance District
▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇. ▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, District Transmission Line Maintenance ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ III
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, Lineman ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ I
work ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇
Cell ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇
fax ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇

▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Maintenance District
▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇
▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, District Transmission Line Maintenance ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ III
▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, Lineman ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ I
work ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇
Cell ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇
fax ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇

Page ▇▇

▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇
▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, District Transmission Line Maintenance ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ III
▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, Lineman ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ III
work ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇
Cell ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇
fax ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇

Olympia Maintenance Region
▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
Orion ▇▇▇▇▇, Regional Manager
work ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇
Cell 360951.2587
fax ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇
pager 206.907.4840
home 360.951.2587

Snohomish Maintenance Region
914 Avenue D
▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, Regional Manager
work ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇
Cell ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇
fax ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇
Home ▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇

Meeting points: To be agreed upon at a later date.

Page 19

Appendix B:

Contractor Nonelectrical Worker Card Requirements

The procedure and requirements for obtaining such a card are as follows:
1. ▇▇▇ employees and their representatives shall receive the pamphlet entitled
Rules of conduct for Persons Entering Substations.

2. After studying the pamphlet these individuals will be given the Combined
Worker Examination and, if necessary, a switchyard orientation tour by a Chief
Substation Operator.

3. The Chief Substation Operator, or designee, will give the Combined Worker
Examinations and when all of the requirements have been met will sign the
application form and mail it to Substation Operations-TFDB in Vancouver, WA.

4. This card will be valid for 2 years. They are renewed at the beginning of
even numbered calendar years.

5. Bonneville will provide all of the necessary materials including a
Bonneville Accident Prevention Manual and location where the training will be
held. ▇▇▇ will be responsible for any ▇▇▇, or representatives of ▇▇▇ employee
expenses. Bonneville's System Operations will keep all of the necessary records
associated with this training, will notify ▇▇▇ when employees and representative
are to renew their training, and return cards to the ▇▇▇ Network Operation
Center for issue to appropriate personnel.

Page 20

Appendix C:

Emergency Tools, Materials, and Equipment List

Restoration reels of fiber optic cable appropriate for the route (OPGW and ADSS)
Armor Rods appropriate for the restoration cables.
Deadends appropriate for the restoration cables
Fusion Splicing Sleeves
2 Optical fiber cleavers
Portable generator and work table
Temporary mechanical splices appropriate for SMF 28 fiber
Fiber cleaning kit
Fiber stripping tools
Splice box with splice trays
ADSS cable preparation tools
OPGW cable preparation tools
Waterproof, lockable box for storing equipment
Tent to erect over worksite
Supplemental lighting for worksite.

Page 21

Appendix D:

Fiber Optic Cable
Emergency Restoration Procedure

Contents:
General 1
Safety Precautions 2
Fault Location 3
Cable Repair 4
Restoration Report 5
Records 6

1.0 General

1.01 This practice describes generally accepted procedures to isolate faults
and repair damaged fiber optic cable. It is generic, in that the practice can
be equally applied to aerial, buried or underground fiber optic cables. The
methods and instructions provided is this practice are intended as guidelines as
each system design will be influenced by local conditions, customer's existing
procedures and requirements.

1.02 It is imperative that all personnel involved in the trouble shooting and
restoration of fiber optic systems be thoroughly trained in basic fiber optic
safety before attempting any of the following procedures.

1.03 Planning and preparation for an emergency restoration is essential for an
effective restoration program.

1.04 There are three segments in restoring a fiber optic system. First, the
restoration plan must be implemented by notifying responsible personnel.
Second, the system fault must be identified and located. Third, the fault must
be rapidly and effectively repaired.

2.0 Safety Precautions

2.01 Safety is a primary concern during any restoration process. All telco and
utility company safety rules for personnel, vehicles, and work area protection
must be strictly adhered to. Prior to proceeding through this practice, read
and fully understand the Appendix A, Laser Awareness Information, attached to
the end of this practice. Both ADSS & OPGW should be considered conductive
since ADSS will become contaminated after it has been in use. Portable ground
cables must be installed prior to touching the ADSS, which could hold a voltage
induced from the power line. The portable grounds must be installed by BPA TLM
personnel.

Page 2 of 18

2.01 Work Area Precautions.

a. Protection of the general public and utility personnel shall be the first
consideration before starting any aspect of a fiber optic emergency restoration.

b. Fiber optic cable failures can occur in hazardous locations and during
abnormal weather conditions. Special precautions shall be taken when major
hazards such as; lightning, highway traffic, downed power lines, fire, etc. are
present. Refer to internal company practices for applicable safety rules and
precautions under these types of conditions.

2.02 Fiber Optic System Precautions.

a. Laser Safety glasses must be worn when working on fiber optic cable.

b. When working with fibers powered by a Class III laser source, disconnect the
terminal equipment laser source (if operative) before removing a fiber
connector, handling bare fiber, or handling fiber splices.

CAUTION: Never look into the end of a fiber without first-hand verification that
the laser is disconnected. If unable to disconnect or de-energize the laser, all
employees shall wear the appropriately rated laser safety glasses when
performing any work within the proximity of an uncoupled laser or connector.

c. Cleaved fibers are very sharp and can become imbedded in the skin or eyes
easily. Use tweezers to pick up cut or broken pieces of fiber and place them on
a piece of tape kept for that purpose. When splicing is completed, properly
dispose of the fiber to assure no personnel can come in contact. Good
housekeeping is very important. A dark mat is recommended as a work surface to
make finding the ends of the fiber easier.

d. Some tools used in fiber system restoration and installation are very sharp,
use caution during their use.

e. Read and follow safety warning labels on all chemicals used. If additional
information is needed, contact the chemical manufacturer or distributor for the
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).

2.03 Due to the aforementioned considerations, only trained personnel should be
allowed to work on fiber optic cables and systems.

Page 3 of 18

3.0 FAULT LOCATION

It is recommended that the system laser be de-energized by disconnecting the
optical transmitter card each time an access or test jumper is connected or
disconnected. However, some terminal equipment must be completely shut down in
order to de-energize the laser. In such cases, the transmitter must be operating
while measuring the transmitter output power. Whenever laser radiation is
likely, it is important that the proper laser safety goggles be worn and all
safety rules adhered to. if an intermittent problem exists, the optical terminal
should be transferred and locked on the standby or main system not being tested.
Remember to unlock the same standby or main system when all tests are complete
and service is restored.

3.01 When a fiber optic transmission system fails, a series of alarms and
indicators are usually set off at the terminal equipment locations that signal
the need for repair. The majority of equipment now in service have indicators
that provide detailed diagnostics, indicating the type of failure such as lower
receiver power or transmitter failure.

When available, these indicators should be analyzed before proceeding with any
troubleshooting procedures. This can help immediately identify the fault point
and save time consuming steps in the restoration process. When this information
is limited or diagnostic attempts have failed, a step-by-step fault locating
sequence shoal be implemented. The flow chart outlining such a sequence,
Appendix B., is shown in the back of this section.

With the variety of fiber optic terminal equipment that may be deployed, all
with different degrees of alarms, it is important that the terminal equipment
technician have access to current troubleshooting manuals for each terminal
type.

3.02 The Network Management System remotes will send information to the
BPADispatch Center.

3.03 OTDR Cable System Test. The Network Management System will provide
information to locate the faulted line segment to the ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Control System
Monitor, who will notify the Dispatcher. The Dispatcher will call out the
District SPC Engineer and notify the TLM ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ III. An NMS remote or an OTDR
must be used to locate and isolate cable system faults. Some of the typical
cable system faults are as follows:

Fault Cause
1. Defective Connector Dirt or physical damage
2. Defective access jumper Kinked or broken fiber
3. Localized attenuation Micro or macro bending of fiber
4. Distributed cable attenuation Fiber problem or excessive fiber
tension/strain
5. Excessive splice loss Splice degradation
6. Cut fiber Dig-in or accident

Page 4 of 18

3.04 Test Transmit Fiber Connector Assembly and Pigtail. The first OTDR
troubleshooting test should be made on the cable pigtail, connector, and end
splice of the transmit fiber. The steps are as follows:

a. Transfer and lock the fiber optic terminal to the main or standby system not
being tested. De-energize the laser on the system being tested.

b. Visually inspect the pigtail and fusion splice (normally located in the patch
panel) for any physical defects. Be sure the connector and barrel assembly is
clean and free of contaminates. It is important to follow proper handling
procedures for connectors and barrel assemblies. Refer to the manufacturer's
literature.

c. Clean the connector and barrel assembly. Then, reconnect the pigtail and
attempt to restore the system to service. If this does not correct the problem
proceed with the following test.

d. Set up the OTDR at the host location.

e. Transfer and lock the fiber optic terminal to the main or standby system not
being tested.

f. Disconnect the access jumper from the patch panel or transmitter.

g. Connect a pulse suppresser, or "dead zone box", 1000 meters or longer to the
OTDR. This pulse suppresser can be purchased commercially or made locally with a
spool of bare fiber. This allows the OTDR to display the first several hundred
meters of the system which would normally not be seen due to the initial back
reflection or OTDR dead zone.

h. Connect the other end of the pulse suppresser to the fiber being tested at
the optical patch panel.

I. Turn the OTDR on and optimize the display trace. Refer to the OTDR operating
manual for the proper procedures.

j. View the initial launch condition to assure accurate measurements. Note: A
good launch condition assures the OTDR laser has coupled sufficient energy into
the fiber under test that the full length of the fiber viewed is well above the
noise floor of the OTDR>

k. If the connector and the end splice attenuation is greater than 3 dB, re-
clean the connectors and re-examine the pigtail for damage.

l. After cleaning, reconnect and retest the fiber.

m. If the attenuation is still greater than 3 dB, the pigtail should be replaced
and spliced again.

Page 5 of 18

3.05 Test Transmit Fiber Cable Plant With OTDR. Measuring receive and transmit
power levels can usually isolate access jumper and terminal equipment problems.
However, if the fault is located elsewhere within the cable system, an OTDR must
be used to locate and isolate the problem. The second OTDR test is used to
diagnose the entire cable route on the transmit fiber.

a. Change the distance scale on the OTDR until the entire cable route is
displayed. This will probably require the pulse width of the OTDR to be
increased to a long pulse. If the span length is very long (greater then 35
krn), some older OTDRs may not have an adequate range to test the cable system
end-to-end. If this is the case, the cable will have to be tested from both
ends. The long pulse suppresser can be removed and replaced by short jumper to
provide some additional range.

b. Compare the OTDR signature traces with the original cable acceptance
records.

c. If a fault is identified, locate its position by following the procedure for
OTDR cable fault location. Be sure to subtract the length of the access jumper
from the measured distance and allow for the cable length verses fiber length or
correction factor, see paragraph 3.10.

d. If a catastrophic outage has occurred and a fault is not found on the
transmit fiber, repeat the procedures list above in a, b, and c on the redundant
system transmit fiber.

3.06 Test Receive Fiber Connector Assembly and Pigtail. If no fault can be
found on the transmit fiber or the redundant system transmit fiber, repeat the
procedures listed above in 3.08 a, b, c, and d on the receive fiber. However,
there are two important changes when making OTDR test on the receive fibers:

1. The optical transmitter at the opposite end must be de-energized on the
receive fiber being tested. The OTDR will not operate properly and may be
damaged if the transmit laser is operating simultaneously on the opposite end.

2. If a connector barrel attenuator is present in the optical patch panel, it
may be necessary to remove and replace the attenuator with a "0" dB attenuator
barrel.

3.07 Test Receive Fiber Cable Plant With OTDR. In fault locating efforts,
determining the exact location of the fault is important. This can be
accomplished by using an as-built schematic of the cable route and the bare
fiber OTDR measurements. The schematic should have all original and maintenance
splices with their respective sheath distances and cable sequential meter/feet
markings recorded.

The accuracy of any distance measurement is a percentage of the actual distance
involved. Short distance measurements will be more accurate than those made
over long distances. The overall uncertainty in distance measurements can be
reduced by locating features relatively close to

Page 6 of 18

nearby system "landmarks" (such as known splice points) rather than making
absolute measurements from the OTDR location. Other factors that affect
distance measurements are the proper fiber refractive index, OTDR launch
conditions, and cursor positions. For example, on some fiber faults the glass
may have been shattered, causing a poor back reflection on the OTDR trace. This
condition makes it difficult to determine the exact fault location due to a lack
of a reflective end pulse. If a shattered end is encountered, it is recommended
that measurements be made from both ends in order to determine the actual length
of fiber damage. For comparison purposes, other fibers in the cable should be
tested when this condition exists.

After bare fiber distance measurements are made utilizing an OTDR, a calculation
must be made to determine the actual sheath distance to the fault point. Due to
the effects of the loose coiling of the optical fiber within the protective
buffer tube or tubes, the length of the optical fiber in a given section of
cable is greater than the length of the cable jacket itself. The correction
factor is normally not more than 2% on most fiber cables, and on some of the
newer single buffer fiber cables, the correction factor is less than 5%.

The correction factor is best determined by calibrating to a known cable sheath
length between two splice points and comparing it to the measured fiber length
between the same splice points. When this technique is used, most sources of
error resulting from the cable design and the OTDR margin of error are
compensated for. The equation for calculating the correction factor is as
follows:

Correction Factor = Cable Length/Fiber Length

Cable Length = Fiber Length X Correction Factor

Page 7 of 18

Figure 2 is an example of locating a fault using the correction factor:
(This figure illustrates the method to measure a fault)

Figure 2. Fault Locating Schematic

a. Using the cable schematic shown above, determine the sheath or cable
distance between splice number 2 and number 3 (4782 meters)

b. Utilizing the OTDR, measure the bare fiber distance to splice number 2
(11,612 meters). Measure the bare fiber distance to splice number 3 (16,467).

c. Calculate the bare fiber distance between splice number 2 and number 3
(16,467 - 11,612 = 4,855 meters).

d. Calculate the correction factor by utilizing this equation.

Correction factor = 4782/4855= 0.985

e. Utilizing the OTDR, measure the bare fiber distance to the fault (18,697
meters) and subtract the bare fiber distance to splice number 3 (16,467 meters).

18,697m - 16,467m = 2,230 meters

f. Calculate the sheath distance from splice number 3 to the fault using the
cable length equation.

Cable length (Y) = Bare fiber distance X Correction Factor
Cable length (Y) = 2230m X 0.985 = 2196 sheath meter.

Page 8 of 18

g. Add the cable length (y) to the cumulative sheath distance at splice number
3.

16,219m + 2196m = 18,415 sheath meters to patch panel

3.08 Once the sheath distance has been determined, pinpoint the location from
the records package and proceed to that location in the field. A final
determination of the fault location is usually confirmed by some physical
evidence of damage to the cable jacket at the indicated sheath distance.
Several techniques are useful in making the final determination.

a. If the cable is buried or in underground conduit, typically there will be
evidence of disturbed soil, i.e. excavation, new mail box or sign post, new
culvert or driveway. If the cable has a metallic shield or steel strength
member use a copper cable sheath fault locator with a transmitter at the nearest
splice point and the hand held detector to look for loss of metallic continuity.
Note: Due to the long reel lengths used in fiber optic systems, the grounds, at
the splice locations, on both sides of the suspected fault will have to be
removed for isolation. Otherwise the tone may bleed off before the suspected
fault point.

b. If the cable is aerial, typically there will be evidence of cable damage,
i.e. a downed structure, phase conductors, or a tree laying over the span. This
is not always the case. Sometimes it may be necessary to view the cable with a
pair of binoculars to look for sheath damage caused by projectiles or external
contact.

The aforementioned techniques will find the fault point most of the time.
Typically the OTDR will identify the fault location within several meters if the
records are accurate, so efforts should be focused within 20 meters of the OTDR
indicated fault point. After repairing the fault, the identified faults section
of the fiber system will have to be verified a second time to assure there are
not multiple faults in a given section.

4.0 Cable Repair

4.01 Repair of damaged fiber or fiber optic requires reliable splicing devices
and repair methods that can be utilized under a wide range of field conditions.

4.02 Mechanical Splicing. Mechanical splicing can be utilized for emergency
restoration because more personnel can be trained and equipped for a lower
investment than with fusion splicing. The more personnel that are trained and
equipped to respond to a system outage, the quicker the response time and the
less likely that the key restoration personnel will be unavailable. Other
variables that influence such a decision are that since the cost of a fusion
splicer is high, company will typically only have one to a given area. Should
the fusion splicer fail, there would not be a contingency plan to support
restoration. There are several high quality mechanical splicing

Page 9 of 18

systems. Recommendations of the type of system a specific company should use
are based on the utility's experience level and future network size.

4.03 Fusion Splicing. Fusion Splicing can also be used as a tool for emergency
restorations. Although more susceptible to operating conditions such as dust,
moisture, altitude, and extreme temperature variations, fusion splices yield low
loss splices that are mechanically strong and exhibit low reflectance. Another
factor that affects fusion splice quality is the quality of the fiber end
cleave. Studies have shown that the end cleave must be two degrees or less of
the cleave surface, in relation to being perpendicular to the fiber axis, to
yield a 0.2 dB splice loss. AFL recommends that if fusion splicing is utilized
that a second fiber ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ to procured per tool kit as a backup.

4.04 Repair Methods. The type of fiber optic system outage, partial or
complete, will dictate the available time and the type of repair method used
when repairing a damaged fiber optic cable. The primary objective to any
emergency restoration program is restore service as quickly as possible.

Most fiber optic systems have redundancy in their electronics, this means that
the type of outages that typically require the most time are cable cuts or other
damage to the cable plant. The basic method for repairing a damaged fiber optic
cable is determined by the time constraints and how extensive is the system
outage.

4.05 Restoration Kit Method. The restoration kit method is the method used for
most cable cuts. The majority of cable cuts produce only localized damage that
extends 3 to 5 meters on each side of the cable damage area and causes a
complete system outage of the primary and protect fiber transmission system.
The restoration kit is made up of 300 feet of cable that is spooled on a quick
deployment reel and packaged in a carry case with all the necessary tools, as
seen in Figure 3. The advantage of the kit is that it enables restoration
personnel to visit the site of the cable fault without stopping first at the
shop or reel.

(graphic showing stored vs. ready for service position of restoration kit cable
spool. When stored, the spool is within the carry case, and when ready for
service, is raised out of the carry case.)

Page 10 of 18

Figure 3. Fiber Optic Restoration Kit

The purpose of the jump kit is to provide a lightweight portable means of
restoring continuity of the fiber cable without having to deploy large bulky
spare cable reels and locating organizer/closure systems with their associated
tools. After the fiber system is reestablished, a permanent replacement of the
damaged cable section with permanent closures and cable are initiated with no
concern for time restriction. After the permanent restoration is completed the
restoration kit is recharged with consumables that were utilized in the
restoration and relocated back with the rest of the restoration equipment.

A. Restoration Kit Operational steps (Full System outage):

1. Expose the damaged fiber optic cable by excavating if buried, or lowering
several spans to the ground if aerial, or accessing the nearest manhole if
underground. In direct buried situations, the he cable should be excavated 15
feet past both sides of the suspected damage area to allow for needed fiber and
free cable movement. Identify the proposed work areas where the splicing will
be accomplished.

2. Place the restoration kit at a reasonably flat working area at either of the
identified work area locations. Assure that the work area is safe from any
potential hazards such as power conductors, highway traffic etc. Open the kit,
remove the tool pouches, and place the deployment reel on the arbor shad that
has been secured in the bottom of the kit.

3. Take the free end of the cable with the closure/organizer attached and begin
to smoothly deploy the restoration jump cable to the other identified work area.
The cable will spool off the reel with very little pulling tension required. Do
not exceed 150 lbs. pulling tension. As the cable is payed out, assure to lay
cable out of work area to minimize any potential for jump cable damage by
vehicles or other heavy equipment.

4. The fiber optic system cable should be carefully cleaned and inspected to
identify the extent of the longitudinal damage. ▇▇▇▇ the system cable at 3 to 5
meters on each side of the damage area with the vinyl tape provided. If the
system cable has evidence of excessive tension, such a accordion like marks on
the jacket the taping point may need to be extended greater than 5 meters past
the visible damage area.

5. Two splicers should now start the cable preparation of the damaged system
cable by cutting the cable at the tape markers and then stripping back 60 inches
of cable and buffer to expose the fiber. Be sure to leave a few inches of
buffer for binder identification purposes.

6. Select the appropriate size of grip block based on the cable diameter of the
damaged

Page 11 of 18

system cable. Install the grip block to the edge of where the system cable
outer jacket has been removed. Slide the grip block and cable into the slot and
on to the stud provided in the jump kit and secure with nut.

7. The two splicers are now ready to splice in concert each fiber staring with
the high priority fibers first. Strip the fiber length per the mechanical
splice manufacturers recommendation and complete the splicing procedure for the
first two fibers.

8. Once the splicing is complete on one pair of fibers, the splicer should-
contact the PSC District Engineer or Craftsman operating the terminal equipment
to test the fiber for continuity and verify minimum attenuation requirements are
met.

9. The corresponding fiber optic terminal should be reset and returned to
service with the protect side locked out. This procedure should continue until
all primary fibers are restored and traffic is being carried. The protect
system fibers should then be restored using the same procedures.

10. When all restoration splicing has been completed and tested for continuity
and attenuation levels, the restoration closure should be closed on each end.
The restoration closure and cable should be located in a safe and secure
location until the permanent cable repair.

B. Restoration Kit Operational Steps (Partial System Outage):

1. At either terminal end of the fiber optic system, lock out the non-working
side of the systems so the system will not attempt a transfer if the working
systems is slightly disturbed during the restoration process.

2. Expose the damaged fiber optic cable by excavating if buried, or lowering
several spans to the ground if aerial, or accessing the nearest manhole if
underground. In direct buried situations, the cable should be excavated 15 feet
past both sides of the suspected damage area to allow for needed fiber and free
cable movement. Identify the proposed work areas where the splicing will be
accomplished.

3. Place the restoration jump kit at a reasonably flat working area at either
of the identified work area locations. Assure that the work area is safe from
any potential hazards such a power conductors, highway traffic etc. Open the
kit, remove the tool pouches, and place the deployment reel on the arbor shaft
that has been secured in the bottom of the kit.

4. Take the free end of the cable with the closure/organizer attached and begin
to smoothly deploy the restoration jump cable to the other identified work area.
The cable will spool off the reel with very little pulling tension required. Do
not exceed 150 lbs. pulling tension. As the cable is payed out, assure to lay
cable out of work area

Page 12 of 18

to minimize any potential for jump cable damage by vehicles or other heavy
equipment.

5. The fiber optic system cable should be carefully inspected to identify the
extent of the longitudinal damage. ▇▇▇▇ the system cable at 3 to 5 meters on
each side of the damage area with the vinyl tape. If the system cable has
evidence of excessive tension, such accordion like marks on the jacket the
taping point may need to be extended greater than 5 meters past the visible
damage area.

6. Anchor the system cable, to a vehicle or ground stake etc., to remove any
tension that may remain on each side of the restoration segment. Select the
appropriate size of grip block based on the cable diameter of the damaged system
cable. Install the grip block to the edge of where the system cable outer
jacket will be removed as indicated by the vinyl tape.

7. The sheath and buffer tubes must be removed with extreme care, without
disturbing the fiber, at the marked tape locations at each end of the
restoration splice locations. Once the outer sheath has been removed and the
buffers tubes exposed, slide the grip block and cable into the slot at the
bottom of the organizer and on to the stud provided in the jump kit and secure
with nuts. Begin stripping buffers. On buffers that contain working and non-
working fibers, this will require slitting the buffers longitudinally between
two sheath ring cuts of the buffer tubers to expose the fiber.

8. The non-working fibers and spare fiber of the damaged system cable must
first be trimmed to their appropriate length at the designated patching splice
location and then spliced to the jump kit cable fibers until all broken and
spare fiber are routed through the patching cable. Test with OTDR or power
meter and light source to assure continuity and acceptable attenuation levels of
these restored fibers. If acceptable continue, if unacceptable resplice or
identify problem area and repair.

9. The original working system fibers must now be transferred one by one at the
optic terminal transfer switch to the new path through the restoration jump kit.
After this is complete, lock out the remaining system fibers, cut to length and
splice to jump kit fibers. Test with OTDR or power meter and light source to
assure continuity and acceptable attenuation levels. If acceptable, reset the
terminals to normal mode, if unacceptable resplice or identify the problem are
and repair.

4.06 Permanent Repair. Now that the system has been restored the ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ III
and Regional Manager can coordinate with local construction forces to determine
the best method of a permanent repair. This can now be accomplished without the
pressure of trying to restoring service. After the permanent restoral is
complete, the records package identified in paragraph 6, shall be revised to
reflect any changes in the system. This revised package shall be redistributed
to the appropriate parties and the old records package properly disposed of.

Page 13 of 18

5.0 RESTORATION REPORT.

5.01 Assessing Effectiveness. Once the permanent repairs have been completed,
the ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ III should complete a restoration report to be provided to the
Regional Manager. This report should contain information that identifies the
following:

. Description of the type system outage.
. Geographical area affected.
. Effects of customer base.
. Time sequence of complete restoration effort.
. Equipment and Training Problems.
. List of replacement consumable or needed new equipment.
. Overall effectiveness of team.
. Suggestions for improved readiness and effectiveness.

5.02 This report will provide important information about the outage and the
problems incurred during the restoration attempt. This information will be
analyzed to improve restoration strategies and techniques, improve engineering
and design of new fiber systems, and update records documentation identified in
paragraph 6.

6.0 RECORDS

6.01 General. Records are an integral part of the equipment required to
maintain and restore a fiber optic system. During an outage condition, having a
records package readily available eliminates unnecessary delays locating and
accumulation information required for the restoration process.

6.02 Coordination. Due to the number of departments involved in the design,
construction, turn-up, and maintenance of fiber optic systems, records are many
times lost or misplaced after the initial installation of the fiber optic
system. This can be a catastrophe during a system outage, because this
information is necessary for comparison against troubleshooting information.

6.03 Documentation. It is recommended that for each fiber optic system the
following information be included in a records documentation package.

a. Key Map. The key map is a geographical map showing the system route
in-relation to roads and highways. Its purpose is to provide general bearings
to quickly access key areas

Page 14 of 18

of the system as filed splice points and major road crossing. Sheath meter
marks should be indicated on the map for splice points, road crossing, river
crossings, etc.

b. Composite Schematic. The composite schematic is a straight line
schematic identifying the construction sequence of cable reels, meter
markings to major construction points such as splice points, and major road
crossings. The cable reel section length and a cumulative cable length
should be marked each of these points. Also, the cable and fiber type and
count shall be identified for each reel section.

c. As-Built Construction Sheets. The construction sheets identify the
actual apparatus units at each structure. Other information such as, the
structure type and dimensions, cumulative distance to each termination point
from the structure, any grounding or bonding detail, etc. These sheets are
typically the construction detail sheets that have been corrected to reflect
any changes during construction.

d. Circuit Diagram. The circuit diagram is a schematic that identifies the
actual fiber circuits, system number, working and protect fibers,
fiber/buffer colors, priority sequence during restoration and other
pertinent information such as transposed fibers.

e. Test Acceptance Sheets. The test acceptance sheets are the recorded
values of the transmitter output power, receiver input power, and measured
attenuation levels at the receiver. Other information to be included in the
test acceptance package are the Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR)
plots or photographs of each fiber and its terminated pigtail, shot in both
directions at both 1300nm and 1550nm. Other recommended documentation
include the bi-directional average of the loss of each splice, including
pigtail splices.

f. Manufacturer Provided Documentation. The manufacturer provided
documentation would include, cable data sheets of each cable reel,
documentation provided on the fiber, equipotential plots of the field
strength levels relative to different structure types, and sag and tension
charts provided for construction.

6.04 Index this record package and place it in a binder. The original copy
should be maintained by Transmission Engineering and a copy distributed to the
maintenance group. One copy of the records package should be placed at each
location where there is terminal equipment for the fiber optic system.

When changes in the system are required due to supplemental construction or
emergency restoration the records package should be revised and redistributed.

6.05 Annual System Check. Periodically, the system attenuation level shall be
verified against the turn-up attenuation measurement. If this attenuation level
has changed more than 3 dB, it is recommended that the cause be investigated and
corrective action taken.

Page 15 of 18

LASER AWARENESS INFORMATION

Increasing use of lasers within the Industry requires a need to become familiar
with potential laser safety hazards. Safety awareness can best be understood by
grouping lasers into classes. Users can then best determine which rules are
relevant to their particular situation (e.g., most OTDRs are classified as CLASS
I laser products, while terminal equipment are generally CLASS m.) Check with
the supplier or manufacturer's literature for correct classification before
implementing safety rules.

CLASS I LASERS:

Considered "exempt" lasers. By definition, a CLASS I is a very low powered
laser that would not be considered hazardous even if all of its output were
directed into the pupil of an eye, or focused on a 1 mm spot on the skin for 24
hours. The manufacturer is required to provide a warning label. Optical time
domain reflectometers, OTDRs, are typical CLASS I laser devices.

CLASS II LASERS:

Considered "low power" lasers. By definition, a Class II laser is a visible
laser that is incapable of causing eye injury within the duration of a blink (or
aversion response) of the eye. However, a physical visual hazard can exist when
a person overcomes this natural aversion response to bright light and stares
directly into the laser beam. The manufacturer is required to provide both a
warning label and a light that indicates the laser is activated. Visible HeNe
lasers sources are typical CLASS II lasers.

The operating safety rules for Class II lasers are:

. At work locations, warn all persons of hazardous conditions by placing at
least two warning signs identifying the area as laser hazardous. See example
warning sign in Figure 1.

. Do not permit a person to stare at the laser source.

. Do not point the laser at a person's eyes.

CLASS III LASERS

Considered "Medium Power" lasers. By Definition, Class III laser usually
presents a potential for serious eye injury from intra-beam viewing. It does
not generally present diffuse reflection, skin (from momentary exposure), or
fire hazards. Therefore, the safety measures

Page 16 of 18

concentrate on eliminating the possibility of intra-beam viewing. The
manufacture is required to provide both a warning label and a light that
indicates the laser is activated. Optical transmitters in the terminal
equipment are typical Class III lasers.

The operating safety rules for Class III lasers are:

. At work locations, warn all person of hazardous conditions by placing at
least two warning signs identifying the area as laser hazardous. See example
warning sign in Figure 1.

. Permit only properly trained personnel to operate the laser. Do not leave
laser unattended in an unsecured area.

. Never aim a fiber optic laser beam at a person's eyes or skin.

. De-energize the laser when working on fiber system. If this is not possible,
use proper laser safety eyeware.

. Make certain that individuals do not look directly into a fiber or connector
with an optical viewer (loupe) until that system has been powered down and
verified with an optical power meter.

Page 17 of 18

Basic Fiber Optic System Troubleshooting Flowchart
(in descending order of steps to be applied)

Measure Received Power is Acceptable:
* test optical patch panel access jumper
* if ok, diagnose rx and/or electronics
* if not ok, replace optical patch panel access jumper

Measure Transmitter Output Power is too low:
* measure received power
* if fault identified, replace optical patch panel access jumper
* if ok, diagnose tx and/or electronics
* calculate (tx-rx) db, if ok, stop, if too high, go to next step

Calculate (tx-rx) db

Test Connector at Tx with OTDR
* if fault identified, take corrective action

Diagnose Cable with OTDR at Tx
* if fault identified, take corrective action

Test Connector at Rx with OTDR
* if fault identified, take corrective action

Diagnose Cable with OTDR at Rx
* if fault identified, take corrective action

Page 18 of 18

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EXHIBIT 10(16)(f)

Exhibit F, Page 1 of 2
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

TERMINAL EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS

GENERAL
▇▇▇ agrees to Lucent Technologies SONET terminal equipment and turnkey
installation for a collapsed ring system for 9 sites. Procurement of this SONET
system shall be in accordance with the specifications of the BPA/▇▇▇▇▇▇-
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇/Lucent 10-year indefinite quantity contract no. 95AM50206.

EQUIPMENT
The equipment shall be Lucent Technologies DDM-2000 OC-3 (equipped with OC-12
optics) as specified below.

DESCRIPTION QTY
Shelf Assembly 16 ea.
Heat Baffle 16 ea.
Timing Generator 32 ea.
OC-12 OLIU (1310nm) 16 ea.
OC-12 OLIU (1550nm)* 16 ea.
SYSCTRL 16 ea.
OHCTRL 16 ea.
MXRVO BBG2 32 ea.
DS1 Card BBFIB 32 ea.
Retainer Card 177B 64 ea.
OC-3 Software 16 ea.
Fiber Jumpers/Cables 16 lot

9' x 23" Equipment Rack 9 ea. (actual rack heights to be determined later)
Fuse and Alarm Panel 9 ea.
DS1 Jackfield Assy. 9 ea.
Service Chan/Orderwire 9 ea.
DVA Remote Alarm 9 ea.
Fiber Termination Panel 9 ea.
DDM-2000 Manuals 9 set
DDM-2000 Schematics 9 set
Factory setup & test 1 job

In addition, the following spares are required:
DESCRIPTION QTY
OC-12 OLIU (1310nm) 1 ea.
▇▇-▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ (▇▇▇▇▇▇)* 1 ea.
SYSCTRL 1 ea. (with software loaded)
OHCTRL 1 ea. (with software loaded)
OC-3 Software 1 ea. (set of diskettes)
Fiber Jumpers/Cables 4 lot
Service Chan/Orderwire 1 ea. (Premisys IMACS 600 shelves & ▇▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
DVSII's)

F-1

Exhibit F, Page 2 of 2
Contract No. 98TX-10143
Electric Lightwave, Inc.
Effective on the Effective Date

TERMINAL EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS

DDM-2000 Manuals 2 set
DDM-2000 Schematics 2 set

* As of December 15, 1997 the 1550nm OC-12 OLIU for the OC-3 DDM-2000 shelf is
in development. BPA anticipates Lucent Technologies will have this module
commercially available by July 1998.

F-2

LICENSE AGREEMENT EXECUTED BY THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ACTING BY AND THROUGH THE BONNEVILLE POWER ADMINISTRATION AND ELECTRIC LIGHTWAVE, INC.

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