BYLAWS
OF
THE DLB FUND GROUP
(as revised through October 4, 1995)
ARTICLE 1
Agreement and Declaration of Trust and
Principal Office
1.1. Agreement and Declaration of Trust. These Bylaws shall be subject
to the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as from time to time in effect (the
"Declaration of Trust"), of The DLB Fund Group, the Massachusetts business trust
established by the Declaration of Trust (the "Trust").
1.2. Principal Office of the Trust. The initial principal office of the
Trust shall be located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The Trust may have such
other offices within or without Massachusetts as the Trustee may determine or as
they may authorize.
ARTICLE 2
Meetings of Trustees
2.1. Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Trustees may be held
without call or notice at such places and at such times as the Trustees may from
time to time determine, provided that notice of the first regular meeting
following any such determination shall be given to absent Trustees.
2.2. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Trustees may be held at
any time and at any place designated in the call of the meeting when called by
the Chairman of the Trustees, the President or the Treasurer or by two or more
Trustees, sufficient notice thereof being given to each Trustee by the Clerk or
an Assistant Clerk or by the officer or the Trustees calling the meeting.
2.3. Notice. It shall be sufficient notice to a Trustee of a special
meeting to send notice by mail at least forty-eight hours or by telegram, telex
or telecopy or other electronic facsimile transmission method at least
twenty-four hours before the meeting addressed to the Trustee at his or her
usual or last known business or residence address or to give notice to him or
her in person or by telephone at least twenty-four hours before the meeting.
Notice of a meeting need not be given to any Trustee if a written waiver of
notice, executed by him or her before the meeting, is filed with the records of
the meeting, or to any Trustee who attends the meeting without protesting prior
thereto or at its commencement the lack of notice to him or
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her. Neither notice of a meeting nor a waiver of a notice need specify the
purposes of the meeting.
2.4. Quorum. At any meeting of the Trustees a majority of the Trustees
then in office shall constitute a quorum. Any meeting may be adjourned from time
to time by a majority of the votes cast upon the question, whether or not a
quorum is present, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further
notice.
2.5. Action by Vote. When a quorum is present at any meeting, a
majority of Trustees present may take any action, except when a larger vote is
expressly required by law, by the Declaration of Trust or by these Bylaws.
2.6. Action by Writing. Except as required by law, any action required
or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Trustees may be taken without a
meeting if a majority of the Trustees (or such larger proportion thereof as
shall be required by any express provision of the Declaration of Trust or these
Bylaws) consent to the action in writing and such written consents are filed
with the records of the meetings of Trustees. Such consent shall be treated for
all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting of Trustees.
2.7. Presence through Communications Equipment. Except as required by
law, the Trustees may participate in a meeting of Trustees by means of a
conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all
persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time and
participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at a meeting.
ARTICLE 3
Officers
3.1. Enumeration; Qualification. The officers of the Trust shall be a
President, a Treasurer, a Clerk, and such other officers, including a Chairman
of the Trustees and a Controller, if any, as the Trustees from time to time may
in their discretion elect. The Trust may also have such agents as the Trustees
from time to time may in their discretion appoint. The Chairman of the Trustees,
if one is elected, shall be a Trustee and may but need not be a Shareholder; and
any other officer may but need not be a Trustee or a Shareholder. Any two or
more offices may be held by the same person.
3.2. Election. The President, the Treasurer, and the Clerk shall be
elected annually by the Trustees. Other officers, if any, may be elected or
appointed by the Trustees at such or any other time. Vacancies in any office may
be filled at any time.
3.3. Tenure. The Chairman of the Trustees, if one is elected, the
President, the Treasurer and the Clerk shall hold office until their respective
successors are chosen and
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qualified, or in each case until he or she sooner dies, resigns, is removed or
becomes disqualified. Each other officer shall hold office and each agent shall
retain authority at the pleasure of the Trustees.
3.4. Powers. Subject to the provisions of these Bylaws, each officer
shall have, in addition to the duties and powers herein and in the Declaration
of Trust set forth, such duties and powers as are commonly incident to the
office occupied by him or her as if the Trust were organized as a Massachusetts
business corporation and such other duties and powers as the Trustees may from
time to time designate.
3.5. Chairman; President. Unless the Trustees otherwise provide, the
Chairman of the Trustees or, if there is none or in the absence of the Chairman,
the President shall preside at all meetings of the Shareholders and of the
Trustees. The President shall be the chief executive officer.
3.6. Treasurer and Controller. The Treasurer shall be the chief
financial officer and, if no Controller is elected, chief accounting officer of
the Trust, and shall, subject to the provisions of the Declaration of Trust and
to any arrangement made by the Trustees with a custodian, investment adviser or
manager, or transfer, shareholder servicing or similar agent, be in charge of
the valuable papers and, if no Controller is elected, the books of account and
accounting records of the Trust, and shall have such other duties and powers as
may be designated from time to time by the Trustees or by the President.
The Controller, if any, shall be the chief accounting officer of the
Trust and shall be in charge of its books of account and accounting records. The
Controller shall be responsible for preparation of financial statements of the
Trust and shall have such other duties and powers as may be designated from time
to time by the Trustees or the President.
3.7. Clerk. The Clerk shall record all proceedings of the Shareholders
and the Trustees in books to be kept therefor, which books or a copy thereof
shall be kept at the principal office of the Trust. In the absence of the Clerk
from any meeting of the Shareholders or Trustees, an assistant clerk or, if
there be none or if he or she is absent, a temporary clerk chosen at such
meeting shall record the proceedings thereof in the aforesaid books.
3.8. Resignations. Any officer may resign at any time by written
instrument signed by him or her and delivered to the Chairman, the President or
the Clerk or to a meeting of the Trustees. Such resignation shall be effective
upon receipt unless specified to be effective at some other time. Except to the
extent expressly provided in a written agreement with the Trust, no officer
resigning and no officer removed shall have any right to any compensation for
any period following his or her resignation or removal, or any right to damages
on account of such removal.
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ARTICLE 4
Committees
4.1. Quorum; Voting. A majority of the members of any Committee of the
Trustees shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and any
action of such a Committee may be taken at a meeting by a vote of a majority of
the members present (a quorum being present) or evidenced by one or more
writings signed by such a majority. Members of a Committee may participate in a
meeting of such Committee by means of a conference telephone or other
communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the
meeting can hear each other at the same time and participation by such means
shall constitute presence in person at a meeting.
ARTICLE 5
Reports
5.1. General. The Trustees and officers shall render reports at the
time and in the manner required by the Declaration of Trust or any applicable
law. Officers and Committees shall render such additional reports as they may
deem desirable or as may from time to time be required by the Trustees.
ARTICLE 6
Fiscal Year
6.1. General. Except as from time to time otherwise provided by the
Trustees, the initial fiscal year of the Trust shall end on such date as is
determined in advance or in arrears by the Treasurer, and subsequent fiscal
years shall end on such date in subsequent years.
ARTICLE 7
Seal
7.1. General. The Trust shall have no seal.
ARTICLE 8
Execution of Papers
8.1. General. Except as the Trustees may generally or in particular
cases authorize the execution thereof in some other manner, all deeds, leases,
contracts, notes and other obligations made by the Trustees shall be signed by
the President or by the Treasurer.
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ARTICLE 9
Share Certificates
9.1. Share Certificates. No certificates certifying the ownership of
Shares shall be issued except as the Trustees may otherwise authorize. In the
event that the Trustees authorize the issuance of Share certificates, subject to
the provisions of Section 9.3, each Shareholder shall be entitled to a
certificate stating the number of Shares and the series or class owned by him or
her, in such form as shall be prescribed from time to time by the Trustees. Such
certificates shall be signed by the President or any Vice-President and by the
Treasurer or any Assistant Treasurer. Such signatures may be facsimiles if the
certificate is signed by a transfer agent, or by a registrar, other than a
Trustee, officer or employee of the Trust. In case any officer who has signed or
whose facsimile signature has been placed on such certificate shall cease to be
such officer before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Trust
with the same effect as if he or she were such officer at the time of its issue.
In lieu of issuing certificates for Shares, the Trustees or the
transfer agent may either issue receipts therefor or may keep accounts upon the
books of the Trust for the record holders of such Shares, who shall in either
case be deemed, for all purposes hereunder, to be the holders of certificates
for such Shares as if they had accepted such certificates and shall be held to
have expressly assented and agreed to the terms hereof.
9.2. Loss of Certificates. In case of the alleged loss or destruction
or the mutilation of a Share certificate, a duplicate certificate may be issued
in place thereof, upon such terms as the Trustees may prescribe.
9.3. Discontinuance of Issuance of Certificates. The Trustees may at
any time discontinue the issuance of Share certificates and may, by written
notice to each Shareholder, require the surrender of Share certificates to the
Trust for cancellation. Such surrender and cancellation shall not affect the
ownership of Shares in the Trust.
ARTICLE 10
Provisions Relating to the Conduct of the Trust's Business
10.1. Determination of Net Asset Value Per Share. Net asset value per
Share of each series or class of Shares of the Trust shall mean: (i) the value
of all the assets of such series or class of Shares; (ii) less total liabilities
of such series or class of Shares; (iii) divided by the number of Shares of such
series or class of Shares outstanding, in each case at the time of each
determination. The net asset value per Share of each series or class of Shares
shall be determined at such times as determined by the Trustees.
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In valuing the portfolio investments of any series or class of Shares
for determination of net asset value per Share of such series, securities for
which market quotations are readily available shall be valued at prices which,
in the opinion of the Trustees or the person designated by the Trustees to make
the determination, most nearly represent the market value of such securities,
and other securities and asset shall be valued at their fair value as determined
by or pursuant to the direction of the Trustees, which in the case of short-term
debt obligations, commercial paper and repurchase agreements may, but need not,
be on the basis of quoted yields for securities of comparable maturity, quality
and type, or on the basis of amortized cost. Expenses and liabilities of the
Trust shall be accrued each day. Liabilities may include such reserves for
taxes, estimated accrued expenses and contingencies as the Trustees or their
designates may in their sole discretion deem fair and reasonable under the
circumstances. No accruals shall be made in respect of taxes on unrealized
appreciation of securities owned unless the Trustees shall otherwise determine.
Dividends payable by the Trust shall be deducted as at the time of but
immediately prior to the determination of net asset value per Share on the
record date thereof.
10.2. Derivative Claims. No Shareholder shall have the right to bring
or maintain any court action, proceeding or claim on behalf of this Trust or any
series without first making demand on the Trustees requesting the Trustees to
bring or maintain such action, proceeding or claim. Such demand shall be excused
only when the plaintiff makes a specific showing that irreparable injury to the
Trust or series would otherwise result. Such demand shall be mailed to the Clerk
of the Trust at the Trust's principal office and shall set forth in reasonable
detail the nature of the proposed court action, proceeding or claim and the
essential facts relied upon by the Shareholder to support the allegations made
in the demand. The Trustees shall consider such demand within 45 days of its
receipt by the Trust. In their sole discretion, the Trustees may submit the
matter to a vote of Shareholders of the Trust or series, as appropriate. Any
decision by the Trustees to bring, maintain or settle (or not to bring, maintain
or settle) such court action, proceeding or claim, or to submit the matter to a
vote of Shareholders shall be made by the Trustees in their business judgment
and shall be binding upon the Shareholders. Any decision by the Trustees to
bring or maintain a court action, proceeding or suit on behalf of the Trust or a
series shall be subject to the right of the Shareholders under Article V,
Section 1 of the Declaration of Trust to vote on whether or not such court
action, proceeding or suit should or should not be brought or maintained.
10.3. Securities and Cash of the Trust to be held by Custodian Subject
to Certain Terms and Conditions.
(a) All securities and cash owned by this Trust shall be held by
or deposited with one or more banks or trust companies having
(according to its last published report) not less than
$5,000,000 aggregate capital, surplus and undivided profits
(any such bank or trust company being hereby designated as
"Custodian"), provided such a Custodian can be found ready and
willing to act; subject to such rules, regulations and orders,
if any, as the Securities and Exchange
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Commission may adopt, this Trust may, or may permit any
Custodian to, deposit all or any part of the securities owned
by this Trust in a system for the central handling of
securities pursuant to which all securities of any particular
class or series of any issue deposited within the system may
be transferred or pledged by bookkeeping entry, without
physical delivery. The Custodian may appoint, subject to the
approval of the Trustees, one or more subcustodians.
(b) The Trust shall enter into a written contract with each
Custodian regarding the powers, duties and compensation of
such Custodian with respect to the cash and securities of the
Trust held by such Custodian. Such contract and all amendments
thereto shall be approved by the Trustees.
(c) The Trust shall upon the resignation or inability to serve of
any Custodian or upon change of any Custodian:
(i) in case of such resignation or inability to serve,
use its best efforts to obtain a successor Custodian;
(ii) require that the cash and securities owned by the
Trust be delivered directly to the successor
Custodian; and
(iii) in the event that no successor Custodian can be
found, submit to the Shareholders, before permitting
delivery of the cash and securities owned by the
Trust to a successor Custodian, the question whether
the Trust shall be liquidated or shall function
without a Custodian.
ARTICLE 11
Shareholders' Voting Powers and Meetings
11.1. Voting Powers. The Shareholders shall have power to vote only (i)
for the election of Trustees as provided in Article IV, Section 1 of the
Declaration of Trust, provided, however, that no meeting of Shareholders is
required to be called for the purpose of electing Trustees unless and until such
time as less than a majority of the Trustees have been elected by the
Shareholders, (ii) with respect to any Manager or Sub-Adviser as provided in
Article IV, Section 6 of the Declaration of Trust to the extent required by the
▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇, (▇▇▇) with respect to any plan of distribution adopted by the Trustees
with respect to one or more series or classes pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the
1940 Act, (iv) with respect to any termination of this Trust to the extent and
as provided in Article IX, Section 4 of the Declaration of Trust, (v) with
respect to any amendment of the Declaration of Trust to the extent and as
provided in Article IX, Section 7 of the Declaration of Trust, (vi) to the same
extent as the stockholders of a Massachusetts business corporation as to whether
or not a court action, proceeding or claim should or should not be brought or
maintained derivatively or as a class action on behalf of the
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Trust or the Shareholders, (vii) the removal, with or without cause, of a
Trustee and (viii) with respect to such additional matters relating to the Trust
as may be required by law, the Declaration of Trust, these Bylaws or any
registration of the Trust with the Commission (or any successor agency) or any
state, or as the Trustees may consider necessary or desirable. Annual meetings
of Shareholders are not required by these Bylaws. Each whole Share shall be
entitled to one vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote and each
fractional Share shall be entitled to a proportionate fractional vote. The
Shareholders of any particular series or class shall not be entitled to vote on
any matters as to which such series or class is not affected. Except with
respect to matters as to which the Trustees have determined that only the
interests of one or more particular series or classes are affected or as
required by law, all of the Shares of each series or class shall, on matters as
to which such series or class is entitled to vote, vote with other series or
classes so entitled as a single class. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with
respect to matters which would otherwise be voted on by two or more series or
classes as a single class, the Trustees may, in their sole discretion, submit
such matters to the Shareholders of any or all such series or classes,
separately. There will be no cumulative voting in the election of Trustees.
Shares may be voted in person or by proxy. A proxy with respect to Shares held
in the name of two or more persons shall be valid if executed by any one of them
unless at or prior to exercise of the proxy the Trust receives a specific
written notice to the contrary from any one of them. A proxy purporting to be
executed by or on behalf of a Shareholder shall be deemed valid unless
challenged at or prior to its exercise and the burden of proving invalidity
shall rest on the challenger. The placing of a Shareholder's name on a proxy
pursuant to telephonic or electronically transmitted instructions obtained
pursuant to procedures reasonably designed to verify that such instructions have
been authorized by such Shareholder shall constitute execution of such proxy by
or on behalf of such Shareholder. Until Shares are issued, the Trustees may
exercise all rights of Shareholders and may take action required by law, the
Declaration of Trust or these Bylaws to be taken by Shareholders.
11.2. Voting Power and Meetings. Meetings of the Shareholders of the
Trust or of one or more series or classes of Shares may be called by the
Trustees for the purpose of electing Trustees as provided in Article IV, Section
1 of the Declaration of Trust and for such other purposes as may be prescribed
by law, by the Declaration of Trust or by these Bylaws. Any meeting of the
Shareholders of the Trust or of one or more series or classes of Shares shall be
called by the Trustees upon request of Shareholders holding at least ten percent
(10%) of the Shares entitled to vote on such matter. Meetings of the
Shareholders of the Trust or of one or more series or classes of Shares may also
be called by the Trustees from time to time for the purpose of taking action
upon any other matter deemed by the Trustees to be necessary or desirable. A
meeting of Shareholders may be held at any place designated by the Trustees.
Written notice of any meeting of Shareholders shall be given or caused to be
given by the Trustees by mailing such notice at least seven days before such
meeting, postage prepaid, stating the time and place of the meeting, to each
Shareholder at the Shareholder's address as it appears on the record of the
Trust. Whenever notice of a meeting is required to be given to a Shareholder
under the Declaration of Trust or these Bylaws, a written waiver thereof,
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executed before or after the meeting by such Shareholder or his attorney
thereunto authorized and filed with the records of the meeting, shall be deemed
equivalent to such notice.
11.3. Quorum and Required Vote. Ten percent (10%) of Shares entitled to
vote shall be a quorum for the transaction of business at a Shareholders'
meeting, except that where any provision of law or of the Declaration of Trust
or these Bylaws permits or requires that holders of any series or class of
Shares shall vote as a series or class, as the case may be, then ten percent
(10%) of the aggregate number of Shares of that series or that class entitled to
vote shall be necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business
by that series or class. Any lesser number shall be sufficient for adjournments.
Any adjourned session or sessions may be held, within a reasonable time after
the date set for the original meeting, without the necessity of further notice.
Except when a larger vote is required by any provision of law or the Declaration
of Trust or these Bylaws, a majority of the Shares voted shall decide any
questions and a plurality shall elect a Trustee, provided that where any
provision of law or of the Declaration of Trust or these Bylaws permits or
requires that the holders of any series or class shall vote as a series or
class, as the case may be, then a majority of the Shares of that series or that
class voted on the matter (or a plurality with respect to the election of a
Trustee) shall decide that matter insofar as that series or class is concerned.
11.4. Action by Written Consent. Any action taken by Shareholders may
be taken without a meeting if a majority of Shareholders entitled to vote on the
matter (or such larger proportion thereof as shall be required by any express
provision of law or the Declaration of Trust or these Bylaws) consent to the
action in writing and such written consents are filed with the records of the
meetings of Shareholders. Such consent shall be treated for all purposes as a
vote taken at a meeting of Shareholders.
11.5. Record Dates. For the purpose of determining the Shareholders who
are entitled to vote or act at any meeting or any adjournment thereof, or who
are entitled to receive payment of any dividend or of any other distribution,
the Trustees may from time to time fix a time, which shall be not more than 60
days before the date of any meeting of Shareholders or the date for the payment
of any dividend or of any other distribution, as the record date for determining
the Shareholders having the right to notice of and to vote at such meeting and
any adjournment thereof or the right to receive such dividend or distribution,
and in such case only Shareholders of record on such record date shall have such
right notwithstanding any transfer of Shares on the books of the Trust after the
record date; or without fixing such record date the Trustees may for any of such
purposes close the register or transfer books for all or any part of such
period.
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ARTICLE 12
Amendments to the Bylaws
12.1. General. These Bylaws may be amended or repealed, in whole or in
part, by a majority of the Trustees then in office at any meeting of the
Trustees, or by one or more writings signed by such a majority.
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