HALCÓN RESOURCES CORPORATION 12.0% Second Lien Senior Secured Notes due 2022 INDENTURE Dated as of December 21, 2015 U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee

Exhibit 4.1

Execution Version

HALCÓN RESOURCES CORPORATION

12.0% Second Lien Senior Secured Notes due 2022

INDENTURE

Dated as of December 21, 2015

U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as Trustee

Reference is made to the Intercreditor Agreement, dated as of May 1, 2015, between JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Priority Lien Agent (as defined therein), and U.S. Bank National Association, as Second Lien Collateral Trustee (as defined therein), among others, and acknowledged and agreed by Halcón Resources Corporation and certain of its subsidiaries (as amended, supplemented, amended and restated or otherwise modified and in effect from time to time, the “Intercreditor Agreement”).  Each holder of any Second Lien Obligations (as defined in the Intercreditor Agreement), by its acceptance of such Second Lien Obligations (i) agrees that all Parity Lien Obligations will be and are secured equally and ratably by all Parity Liens at any time granted by the Company or any Guarantor to secure any Obligations in respect of the Securities, whether or not upon property otherwise constituting collateral for the Securities, and that all such Parity Liens will be enforceable by the Collateral Trustee for the benefit of all holders of Parity Lien Obligations equally and ratably, (ii) further agrees that the holders of Obligations in respect of the Securities are bound by the provisions of the Collateral Trust Agreement and the Intercreditor Agreement, including the provisions relating to the ranking of Parity Liens and the order of application of proceeds from the enforcement of Parity Liens and (iii) consents and directs the Collateral Trustee to perform its obligations under the Collateral Trust Agreement, the Intercreditor Agreement and the other Security Documents establishing Parity Liens. The foregoing provisions are intended as an inducement to the lenders under the Priority Lien Documents (as defined in the Intercreditor Agreement) to extend credit to Halcón Resources Corporation and such lenders are intended third party beneficiaries of such provisions and the provisions of the Intercreditor Agreement.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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EXHIBITS

Exhibit A — Form of Security

Exhibit B — Form of Certificate of Transfer

Exhibit C — Form of Certificate of Exchange

Exhibit D — Form of Notation of Subsidiary Guarantee

Exhibit E — Form of Supplemental Indenture to be Delivered by Future Guarantors

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THIS INDENTURE, dated as of December 21, 2015, is among HALCÓN RESOURCES CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), each of the GUARANTORS (as defined herein) and U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as trustee (the “Trustee”).

Each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other parties and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Company’s 12.0% Second Lien Senior Secured Notes due 2022 issued on the date hereof (the “Initial Securities”) and the Holders of any Additional Securities (as defined herein) issued hereafter:

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

Section 1.1                                    Definitions

“144A Global Security” means a Global Security substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto bearing the Global Security Legend, the Private Placement Legend and if applicable, the OID Legend, that has the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Security” attached thereto, and that is deposited with or on behalf of, and registered in the name of, the Depositary or its nominee, issued in a denomination equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Securities initially sold in reliance on Rule 144A.

“ACNTA” means (without duplication), as of the date of determination:

(1)                                 the sum of:

(a)                                 discounted future net revenue from proved crude oil and natural gas reserves of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines before any state or federal income taxes, as estimated in a reserve report prepared as of the end of the Company’s most recently completed fiscal year, which reserve report is prepared or reviewed by independent petroleum engineers, as increased by, as of the date of determination, the discounted future net revenue of:

(i)                                     estimated proved crude oil and natural gas reserves of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries attributable to acquisitions consummated since the date of such year-end reserve report, and

(ii)                                  estimated proved crude oil and natural gas reserves of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries attributable to extensions, discoveries and other additions and upward determinations of estimates of proved crude oil and natural gas reserves (including previously estimated development costs incurred during the period and the accretion of discount since the prior year end) due to exploration, development or exploitation, production or other activities which reserves were not reflected in such year-end reserve report,

in the case of the determination made under each of clauses (i) and (ii) above, calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the prices utilized in such year-end reserve report) before any state or federal income taxes, and decreased by, as of the date of determination, the discounted future net revenue attributable to

(iii)                               estimated proved crude oil and natural gas reserves of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in such year-end reserve report produced or disposed of since the date of such year-end reserve report (before any state or federal income taxes), and

(iv)                              reductions in the estimated proved crude oil and natural gas reserves of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in such year-end reserve report since the date of such year-end reserve report attributable to downward determinations of estimates of proved crude oil and natural gas reserves due to exploration, development or exploitation, production or other activities conducted or otherwise occurring since the date of such year-end reserve report, in each case calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the prices utilized in such year-end reserve report) before any state or federal income taxes;

provided, however, that, in the case of each of the determinations made pursuant to clauses (i) through (iv), such increases and decreases shall be as estimated by the Company’s engineers;

(b)                                 the capitalized costs that are attributable to crude oil and natural gas properties of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries to which no proved crude oil and natural gas reserves are attributed, based on the Company’s books and records as of a date no earlier than the date of the Company’s latest annual or quarterly financial statements;

(c)                                  the Net Working Capital on a date no earlier than the date of the Company’s latest annual or quarterly financial statements; and

(d)                                 the greater of (I) the net book value on a date no earlier than the date of the Company’s latest annual or quarterly financial statements and (II) the appraised value, as estimated by independent appraisers within the immediately preceding 12 months, of other tangible assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries (provided that the Company shall not be required to obtain such an appraisal of such assets if no such appraisal has been performed);

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(2)                                 to the extent not otherwise taken into account in the immediately preceding clause (1), the sum of:

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(a)                                 minority interests;

(b)                                 any net gas or other balancing liabilities of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in the Company’s latest audited financial statements;

(c)                                  the discounted future net revenue, calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the same prices utilized in the Company’s year-end reserve report) before any state or federal income taxes, attributable to reserves subject to participation interests, royalty interests, overriding royalty interests, net profits interests or other interests of third parties, pursuant to participation, partnership, vendor financing or other agreements then in effect, or which otherwise are required to be delivered to third parties;

(d)                                 the discounted future net revenue, calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the same prices utilized in the Company’s year-end reserve report) before any state or federal income taxes, attributable to reserves that are required to be delivered to third parties to fully satisfy the obligations of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to Volumetric Production Payments on the schedules specified with respect thereto; and

(e)                                  the discounted future net revenue, calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines before any state or federal income taxes, attributable to reserves subject to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments that, based on the estimates of production included in determining the discounted future net revenue specified in the immediately preceding clause (1)(a) (utilizing the same prices utilized in the Company’s year-end reserve report), would be necessary to satisfy fully the obligations of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments on the schedules specified with respect thereto.

If the Company changes its method of accounting from the full cost method to the successful efforts method or a similar method of accounting, ACNTA will continue to be calculated as if the Company were still using the full cost method of accounting.

“Acquired Debt” means, with respect to any specified Person:

(1)                                 Indebtedness of any other Person existing at the time such other Person is merged with or into or became a Restricted Subsidiary of such specified Person, whether or not such Indebtedness is incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, such other Person merging with or into, or becoming a Restricted Subsidiary of, such specified Person; and

(2)                                 Indebtedness secured by a Lien encumbering any asset acquired by such specified Person.

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“Additional Securities” means any Securities (other than the Initial Securities) issued under this Indenture in accordance with Sections 2.2, 4.3 and 4.5 hereof, as part of the same series as the Initial Securities to the extent outstanding.

“Act of Parity Lien Debtholders” means, as to any matter at any time, a direction in writing delivered to the Collateral Trustee by or with the written consent of the holders of Parity Lien Debt representing the Required Parity Lien Debtholders.

“Additional Secured Debt Designation” means the written agreement of the holders of any Series of Parity Lien Debt or their Parity Lien Representative, as set forth in the indenture, credit agreement or other agreement governing such Series of Parity Lien Debt, for the benefit of all holders of each existing and future Series of Priority Lien Debt, the Priority Lien Collateral Agent and each existing and future holder of Priority Liens:

(1)                                 that all Parity Lien Obligations will be and are secured equally and ratably by all Parity Liens at any time granted by the Company or any Guarantor to secure any Obligations in respect of such Series of Parity Lien Debt, whether or not upon property otherwise constituting collateral for such Series of Parity Lien Debt, and that all such Parity Liens will be enforceable by the Collateral Trustee for the benefit of all holders of Parity Lien Obligations equally and ratably;

(2)                                 that the holders of Obligations in respect of such Series of Parity Lien Debt are bound by the provisions of the Collateral Trust Agreement and the Intercreditor Agreement, including the provisions relating to the ranking of Parity Liens and the order of application of proceeds from the enforcement of Parity Liens; and

(3)                                 consenting to and directing the Collateral Trustee to perform its obligations under the Collateral Trust Agreement, the Intercreditor Agreement and the other Security Documents establishing Parity Liens.

“Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person.  For purposes of this definition, “control,” as used with respect to any Person, shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise.  For purposes of this definition, the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with” shall have correlative meanings.

“Agent” means any Registrar or Paying Agent.

“Applicable Procedures” means, with respect to any transfer or exchange of or for beneficial interests in any Global Security, the rules and procedures of the Depositary, Euroclear or Clearstream that apply to such transfer or exchange.

“Asset Sale” means:

(1)                                 the sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition (including, without limitation, by means of a sale and leaseback transaction) of any assets, including, without

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limitation, any sale of hydrocarbons or other mineral products as a result of the creation of Production Payments and Reserve Sales; provided that the sale, lease conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole will be governed by Section 4.11 hereof and/or Section 5.1 hereof and not by the provisions of Section 4.7 hereof; and

(2)                                 the issuance of Equity Interests by any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries or the sale of Equity Interests in any of its Subsidiaries (other than directors’ qualifying shares or shares required by applicable law to be held by a Person other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary).

Notwithstanding the preceding, the following items shall not be deemed to be Asset Sales:

(1)                                 any single transaction or series of related transactions that: (a) involves assets having a Fair Market Value of less than $5.0 million; or (b) results in Net Proceeds to the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries of less than $5.0 million;

(2)                                 a transfer of assets between or among the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries;

(3)                                 an issuance of Equity Interests by a Restricted Subsidiary to the Company or to another Restricted Subsidiary;

(4)                                 a disposition of cash or Cash Equivalents, inventory, accounts receivable, surplus or obsolete equipment or other similar property or any other disposition of property in the ordinary course of business (excluding the disposition of oil and gas in place and other interests in real property unless made in connection with a Permitted Business Investment);

(5)                                 a Permitted Investment or a Restricted Payment that is permitted by Section 4.4 hereof;

(6)                                 a disposition of oil, natural gas or other hydrocarbons or other mineral products in the ordinary course of business of the oil and gas production operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries;

(7)                                 any abandonment, relinquishment, farm-in, farm-out, lease and sub-lease of developed and/or undeveloped properties made or entered into in the ordinary course of business, but excluding any disposition as a result of the creation of a Production Payment and Reserve Sale;

(8)                                 the provision of services, equipment and other assets for the operation and development of the Company’s and its Restricted Subsidiaries’ oil and natural gas ▇▇▇▇▇, in the ordinary course of the Company’s and its Restricted Subsidiaries’ Oil and Gas Business, notwithstanding that such transactions may be recorded as asset sales in accordance with full cost accounting guidelines;

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(9)                                 the creation or perfection of a Lien (but not the sale or other disposition of any asset subject to such Lien);

(10)                          the trade or exchange (“Permitted Asset Exchange”) by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of any crude oil or natural gas property or interest therein owned or held by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary for (a) any crude oil or natural gas property or interest therein owned or held by another Person or (b) the Capital Stock of another Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of such trade or exchange all or substantially all of whose assets consist of crude oil or natural gas properties, including in the case of either of clauses (a) or (b), any cash or cash equivalents necessary in order to achieve an exchange of equivalent value; provided, however, that the value of the property or Capital Stock received by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in such trade or exchange (including any cash or cash equivalents) is at least equal to the Fair Market Value of the property (including any cash or cash equivalents) so traded or exchanged;

(11)                          the surrender or waiver of contract rights or the settlement, release or surrender of contract, tort or other claims of any kind;

(12)                          any assignment of an overriding royalty or net profits interest to an employee or consultant of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business in connection with the generation of prospects or the development of oil and natural gas projects;

(13)                          the sale or other disposition (whether or not in the ordinary course of business) of oil and gas properties, provided at the time of such sale or other disposition such properties do not have associated with them any proved reserves;

(14)                          any Production Payment or Reserve Sale, provided that any such Production Payment or Reserve Sales shall have been created, incurred, issued, assumed or guaranteed in connection with the acquisition or financing of, and within 90 days after the acquisition of, the property that is subject thereto;

(15)                          the licensing or sublicensing of intellectual property or other general intangibles to the extent that such license does not prohibit the licensor from using the intellectual property and licenses, leases or subleases of other property; and

(16)                          any sale of Equity Interests in, or Indebtedness or other securities of, an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

“Attributable Debt” in respect of a sale and leaseback transaction means, at the time of determination, the present value of the obligation of the lessee for net rental payments during the remaining term of the lease included in such sale and leaseback transaction including any period for which such lease has been extended or may, at the option of the lessor, be extended.  Such present value shall be calculated using a discount rate equal to the rate of interest implicit in such transaction, determined in accordance with GAAP.  As used in the preceding sentence, the “net rental payments” under any lease for any such period shall mean the sum of rental and other

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payments required to be paid with respect to such period by the lessee thereunder, excluding any amounts required to be paid by such lessee on account of maintenance and repairs, insurance, taxes, assessments, water rates or similar charges.  In the case of any lease that is terminable by the lessee upon payment of penalty, such net rental payment shall also include the amount of such penalty, but no rent shall be considered as required to be paid under such lease subsequent to the first date upon which it may be so terminated.

“Banking Services” means each and any of the following bank services provided to the Company or any Guarantor by any holder of Priority Lien Debt or any Affiliate thereof: (a) commercial credit cards, (b) stored value cards and (c) Treasury Management Arrangements (including controlled disbursement, automated clearinghouse transactions, return items, overdrafts and interstate depository network services).

“Banking Services Obligations” means any and all obligations of the Company or any Guarantor, whether absolute or contingent and howsoever and whensoever created, arising, evidenced or acquired (including all renewals, extensions and modifications thereof and substitutions therefor) in connection with Banking Services.

“Bankruptcy Law” means ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Code, or any similar U.S. federal or state law for the relief of debtors.

“Beneficial Owner” has the meaning assigned to such term in Rule l3d-3 and Rule l3d-5 under the Exchange Act.

“Board of Directors” means:

(1)                                 with respect to a corporation, the board of directors of the corporation or any committee thereof duly authorized to act on behalf of such board;

(2)                                 with respect to a partnership, the Board of Directors or other governing body of the general partner of the partnership;

(3)                                 with respect to a limited liability company, the Board of Directors or other governing body, and in the absence of same, the manager or board of managers or the managing member or members or any controlling committee thereof; and

(4)                                 with respect to any other Person, the board or committee of such Person serving a similar function.

“Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the applicable Person to have been duly adopted by its Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee.

“Borrowing Base” means the maximum amount in United States dollars determined or re-determined by the lenders under the Credit Agreement as the aggregate lending value to be ascribed to the Oil and Gas Properties of the Company and the Guarantors against which such lenders are prepared to provide loans or other Indebtedness to the Company and the Guarantors under the Credit Agreement, using their customary practices and standards for determining

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reserve based loans and which are generally applied by commercial lenders to borrowers in the Oil and Gas Business, as determined semi-annually during each year and/or on such other occasions as may be provided for by the Credit Agreement, and which is based upon, inter alia, the review by such lenders of the Hydrocarbon reserves, royalty interests and assets and liabilities of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries; provided that such amount shall not as of the date of its semi-annual or other determination or re-determination under the Credit Agreement exceed 65% of the discounted future net revenue before state or federal income taxes from Proved Reserves of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries calculated using Modified ACNTA Prices (after giving effect to commodity derivatives contracts in effect as of the date of determination) but otherwise calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines, as estimated in the most recent Reserve Report after giving effect to exploration and production activities, acquisitions, dispositions and production since the date of such Reserve Report in the same manner as would be given in calculating Modified ACNTA.

“Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York, New York are authorized or required by law to close.

“Capital Lease Obligation” means, at the time any determination thereof is to be made, the amount of the liability of a Person in respect of a capital lease that would at that time be required to be capitalized on a balance sheet of such Person in accordance with GAAP.

“Capital Stock” means:

(1)                                 in the case of a corporation, corporate stock;

(2)                                 in the case of an association or business entity, any and all shares, interests, participations, rights or other equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock;

(3)                                 in the case of a partnership or limited liability company, partnership or membership interests (whether general or limited); and

(4)                                 any other interest or participation (other than any debt security convertible into an equity interest) that confers on a Person the right to receive a share of the profits and losses of, or distributions of assets of, the issuing Person.

“Cash Equivalents” means:

(1)                                 United States dollars;

(2)                                 securities issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the United States government or any agency or instrumentality thereof (provided that the full faith and credit of the United States is pledged in support thereof) having maturities of not more than one year from the date of acquisition;

(3)                                 demand accounts, time deposit accounts, certificates of deposit and Eurodollar time deposits with maturities of six months or less from the date of acquisition, bankers’ acceptances with maturities not exceeding six months and overnight

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bank deposits, in each case, with any domestic commercial bank having capital and surplus in excess of $250.0 million and a Thomson BankWatch rating of “B” or better (or an equivalent rating by any successor to the business of Thomson BankWatch, including Fitch Ratings);

(4)                                 repurchase obligations with a term of not more than seven days for underlying securities of the types described in clauses (2) and (3) above entered into with any financial institution meeting the qualifications specified in clause (3) above;

(5)                                 commercial paper having one of the two highest ratings obtainable from ▇▇▇▇▇’▇ or S&P and in each case maturing within 270 days after the date of acquisition;

(6)                                 deposits and certificates of deposit with any commercial bank not meeting the qualifications specified in clause (3) above, provided all such deposits do not exceed $1.0 million in the aggregate at any one time;

(7)                                 securities issued and fully guaranteed by any state, commonwealth or territory of the United States of America, or by any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof, rated at least “A” by ▇▇▇▇▇’▇ or S&P and having maturities of not more than 365 days from the date of acquisition;

(8)                                 Indebtedness or preferred stock issued by Persons with a rating of “A” or higher from S&P or “A-2” from ▇▇▇▇▇’▇, with maturities of 365 days or less from the date or acquisition; and

(9)                                 money market or other mutual funds substantially all of the assets of which constitute Cash Equivalents of the kinds described in clauses (1) through (8) of this definition.

“Change of Control” means the occurrence of any of the following:

(1)                                 the sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition (other than by way of merger or consolidation), in one or a series of related transactions, of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, which disposition is followed by a Rating Decline within 90 days after its consummation;

(2)                                 the adoption by the Board of Directors of a plan of liquidation or dissolution of the Company;

(3)                                 the consummation of any transaction (including, without limitation, any merger or consolidation) the result of which is that any “person” (as such term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), other than a Permitted Holder, becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the Voting Stock of the Company, measured by voting power rather than number of shares, which occurrence is followed by a Rating Decline within 90 days thereafter; or

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(4)                                 the first day on which a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of the Company are not Continuing Directors, which occurrence is followed by a Rating Decline within 90 days thereafter.

“Clearstream” means Clearstream Banking, société anonyme, or any successor securities clearance agency.

“Code” means the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and any successor statute thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.

“Collateral” means all property wherever located and whether now owned or at any time acquired after the date of this Indenture by the Company or any Guarantor as to which a Lien is granted under the Security Documents to secure the Securities or any Subsidiary Guarantee.

“Collateral Trust Agreement” means the Collateral Trust Agreement, dated as of May 1, 2015, among the Company, the Guarantors party thereto, the Collateral Trustee and the trustee for the Existing Second Lien Notes, together with the joinder dated as of December 21, 2015 under which the Trustee became a party to such Collateral Trust Agreement, as each may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

“Collateral Trustee” means the collateral trustee for all holders of Parity Lien Obligations pursuant to the Collateral Trust Agreement. U.S. Bank National Association will initially serve as the Collateral Trustee.

“Commodity Agreement” means any oil or natural gas hedging agreement and other agreement or arrangement entered into in the ordinary course of business and designed to protect the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary against fluctuations in oil or natural gas prices.

“Company” means the Person named as the “Company” in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Person shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Company” shall mean such successor Person.

“Consolidated Net Income” means, with respect to any specified Person for any period, the aggregate of the net income of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, on a consolidated basis, determined in accordance with GAAP; provided that there shall be excluded therefrom:

(1)                                 the net income (or loss) of any Person that is not a Restricted Subsidiary or that is accounted for by the equity method of accounting, except to the extent of the amount of dividends or distributions paid in cash to the specified Person or a Restricted Subsidiary thereof;

(2)                                 the net income of any Restricted Subsidiary to the extent that the declaration or payment of dividends or similar distributions by that Restricted Subsidiary of that net income is not at the date of determination permitted without any prior governmental approval (that has not been obtained) or, directly or indirectly, by operation of the terms of its charter or any agreement, instrument, judgment,

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decree, order, statute, rule or governmental regulation applicable to that Restricted Subsidiary or its stockholders;

(3)                                 the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principles;

(4)                                 any write-downs of non-current assets; provided, however, that any “ceiling limitation” write-downs under SEC guidelines shall be treated as capitalized costs, as if such write-downs had not occurred;

(5)                                 any unrealized non-cash gains or losses or charges in respect of hedge or non-hedge derivatives (including those resulting from the application of ASC 815);

(6)                                 any gain (or loss), together with any related provision for taxes on such gain (or loss), realized in connection with: (a) any Asset Sale; or (b) the disposition of any securities by such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or the extinguishment of any Indebtedness of such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;

(7)                                 any extraordinary or non-recurring gain (or loss), together with any related provision for taxes on such extraordinary or non-recurring gain (or loss); and

(8)                                 any non-cash compensation charge arising from any grant of stock, stock options or other equity-based awards.

“Continuing Directors” means, as of any date of determination, any member of the Board of Directors of the Company who:

(1)                                 was a member of such Board of Directors on the Issue Date; or

(2)                                 was nominated for election, appointed or elected to such Board of Directors with the approval of a majority of the Continuing Directors who were members of such Board at the time of such nomination, appointment or election.

“Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee” means the office of the Trustee at which at any time its corporate trust business shall be administered in Houston, Texas, which office at the date hereof is located at ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration, or such other address as the Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the Holders and the Company given in accordance with Section 11.2 hereof.

“Credit Agreement” means the senior secured revolving credit facility of the Company under the Senior Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of February 8, 2012, as amended to the Issue Date, by and among the Company and the commercial lending institutions that are agents and lenders thereunder, including any related notes, guarantees, collateral documents, instruments and agreements executed in connection therewith, and in each case as amended, restated, modified, renewed, refunded, replaced or refinanced from time to time with one or more commercial banks.

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“Credit Agreement Agent” means, at any time, the Person serving at such time as the “Agent” or “Administrative Agent” under the Credit Agreement or any other representative then most recently designated in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Credit Agreement, together with its successors in such capacity.

“Credit Facilities” means, with respect to the Company or any Guarantor, one or more debt facilities, indentures or commercial paper facilities (including, without limitation, the Credit Agreement), in each case with banks or other financial institutions providing for revolving credit loans, term loans, capital markets financings, private placements, receivables financings (including through the sale of receivables to such lenders or to special purpose entities formed to borrow from such lenders against such receivables) or letters of credit or letter of credit guarantees, in each case, as amended, restated, modified, supplemented, extended, renewed, refunded, replaced or refinanced in whole or in part from time to time.

“Currency Agreements”  means, at any time as to the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, any foreign currency exchange agreement, option or future contract or other similar agreement or arrangement entered into in the ordinary course of business and designed to protect against or manage the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries’ exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

“Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

“Default” means any event that is, or with the passage of time or the giving of notice or both would be, an Event of Default.

“Definitive Security” means a certificated Security registered in the name of the Holder thereof and issued in accordance with Section 2.6 hereof, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto except that such Security shall not bear the Global Security Legend and shall not have the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Security” attached thereto.

“Depositary” means The Depository Trust Company, until a successor shall have been appointed and become such Depositary pursuant to this Indenture and thereafter shall mean its successor.

“Disinterested Member” means, with respect to any transaction, a member of the Company’s Board of Directors who does not have any material direct or indirect financial interest (other than as an owner of Equity Interests in the Company or as an officer, manager or employee of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary) in or with respect to such transaction and is not an Affiliate, or an officer, director, member of a supervisory, executive or management board or employee of any Person (other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary), who has any direct or indirect financial interest in or with respect to such transaction.

“Disqualified Stock” means any Capital Stock that, by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible, or for which it is exchangeable, in each case at the option of the holder thereof), or upon the happening of any event, matures or is mandatorily redeemable, for any consideration other than Capital Stock pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise,

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or is redeemable for any consideration other than Capital Stock at the option of the holder thereof, in whole or in part, on or prior to the date that is 91 days after the date on which the Securities mature.  Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, any Capital Stock that would constitute Disqualified Stock solely because the holders thereof have the right to require the Company to repurchase such Capital Stock upon the occurrence of a change of control or an asset sale shall not constitute Disqualified Stock if the terms of such Capital Stock provide that the Company may not repurchase or redeem any such Capital Stock pursuant to such provisions unless such repurchase or redemption complies with Section 4.4 hereof.

“Dollar-Denominated Production Payments” mean production payment obligations recorded as liabilities in accordance with GAAP, together with all undertakings and obligations in connection therewith.

“EBITDA” means, with respect to any Person for any period, without duplication, the Consolidated Net Income of such Person for such period plus:

(1)                                 provision for taxes based on income or profits of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, to the extent that such provision for taxes was deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus

(2)                                 consolidated interest expense of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, whether paid or accrued and whether or not capitalized (including, without limitation, amortization of original issue discount, non-cash interest payments (other than amortization of debt issuance costs), the interest component of any deferred payment obligations, the interest component of all payments associated with Capital Lease Obligations, imputed interest with aspect to Attributable Debt, commissions, discounts and other fees and charges incurred in respect of letter of credit or bankers’ acceptance financings, and net payments, if any, pursuant to Interest Rate Agreements), to the extent that any such expense was deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus

(3)                                 depreciation, depletion, amortization (including amortization of goodwill and other intangibles but excluding amortization of prepaid cash expenses that were paid in a prior period) and other non-cash expenses (excluding any such non-cash expense to the extent that it represents an accrual of or reserve for cash expenses in any future period or amortization of a prepaid cash expense that was paid in a prior period other than non-cash charges resulting from the application of ASC 410) of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period to the extent that such depreciation, depletion, amortization and other non-cash expenses were deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; minus

(4)                                 non-cash items increasing such Consolidated Net Income for such period, other than items that were accrued in the ordinary course of business, in each case, on a consolidated basis and determined in accordance with GAAP; minus

(5)                                 (to the extent included in determining Consolidated Net Income) the sum of

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(a)                                 the amount of deferred revenues that are amortized during the period and are attributable to reserves that are subject to Volumetric Production Payments; and

(b)                                 amounts recorded in accordance with GAAP as repayments of principal and interest pursuant to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments.

Notwithstanding the preceding, the provision for taxes based on the income or profits of, and the depreciation, depletion and amortization and other non-cash charges of, a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company shall be added to Consolidated Net Income to compute EBITDA of the Company only to the extent that a corresponding amount would be permitted at the date of determination to be dividended to the Company by such Restricted Subsidiary without prior approval (that has not been obtained), pursuant to the terms of its charter and all agreements, instruments, judgments, decrees, orders, statutes, rules and governmental regulations applicable to that Subsidiary or its stockholders.

“Equity Interests” mean Capital Stock and all warrants, options or other rights to acquire Capital Stock (but excluding any debt security that is convertible into, or exchangeable for, Capital Stock).

“Equity Offering” means:

(1)                                 any underwritten public offering of common stock of the Company registered under the Securities Act (other than on Form S-8 or any successor thereto) and other than any issuance of securities under any benefit plan of the Company; and

(2)                                 any unregistered offering of common stock of the Company, so long as, at the time of the consummation thereof, the Company has a class of common equity securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) under the Exchange Act.

“Euroclear” means Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V., or any successor securities clearance agency.

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and any successor statute thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.

“Existing Indebtedness” means Indebtedness outstanding on the Issue Date, other than under the Credit Agreement.

“Existing Second Lien Notes” means the Company’s 8.625% Senior Secured Notes due 2020 outstanding on the Issue Date.

“Existing Third Lien Notes” means the Company’s 13% Third Lien Senior Secured Notes due 2022 outstanding on the Issue Date.

“Existing Unsecured Notes” means the Company’s 8.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Note, 9.75% Senior Notes due 2020, 8.875% Senior Notes due 2021 and 9.25% Senior Notes

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due 2022, in each case that are outstanding on the Issue Date, as any of the foregoing may be amended, modified or refinanced.

“Fair Market Value” means, with respect to any Asset Sale (or Permitted Asset Exchange) or Restricted Payment (or Investment or Permitted Investment), the price that would be negotiated in an arm’s-length transaction between a willing seller and a willing and able buyer, neither of which is under any compulsion to complete the transaction, as such price is determined in good faith by an officer of the Company, as evidenced by an Officers’ Certificate delivered to the Trustee.

“Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio” means, with respect to any specified Person for any period, the ratio of the EBITDA of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period to the Fixed Charges of such Person for such period.  In the event that the specified Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries incurs, assumes, Guarantees, redeems or repays any Indebtedness (other than revolving credit borrowings unless the commitments to lend associated with such revolving credit borrowings are permanently reduced or canceled) or issues or redeems preferred stock subsequent to the commencement of the period for which the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio is being calculated but prior to the date on which the event for which the calculation of the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio is made (the “Calculation Date”), then the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio shall be calculated giving pro forma effect to such incurrence, assumption, Guarantee, redemption or repayment of Indebtedness, or such issuance or redemption of preferred stock, as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter reference period.

In addition, for purposes of calculating the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio:

(1)                                 acquisitions that have been made by the specified Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, including through mergers or consolidations and including any related financing transactions, during the four-quarter reference period or subsequent to such reference period and on or prior to the Calculation Date shall be deemed to have occurred on the first day of the four-quarter reference period;

(2)                                 the EBITDA attributable to discontinued operations, as determined in accordance with GAAP, and operations or businesses disposed of prior to the Calculation Date, shall be excluded; and

(3)                                 the Fixed Charges attributable to discontinued operations, as determined in accordance with GAAP, and operations or businesses disposed of prior to the Calculation Date, shall be excluded, but only to the extent that the obligations giving rise to such Fixed Charges will not be obligations of the specified Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries following the Calculation Date.

“Fixed Charges” means, with respect to any Person for any period, the sum, without duplication, of:

(1)                                 the consolidated interest expense of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, whether paid or accrued and whether or not capitalized, including, without limitation, amortization of original issue discount, non-cash interest payments (other than amortization of debt issuance costs), the interest

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component of any deferred payment obligations, the interest component of all payments associated with Capital Lease Obligations, imputed interest with respect to Attributable Debt, commissions, discounts, and other fees and charges incurred in respect of letters of credit or bankers’ acceptance financings, and net payments, if any, pursuant to Interest Rate Agreements; plus

(2)                                 the consolidated interest of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries that was capitalized during such period; plus

(3)                                 any interest expense on Indebtedness of another Person that is Guaranteed by such Person or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries or secured by a Lien on assets of such Person or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries, whether or not such Guarantee or Lien is called upon; plus

(4)                                 all dividend payments, whether or not in cash, on any series of preferred stock of such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, other than dividend payments on Equity Interests payable solely in Equity Interests of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock) or to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company.

“GAAP” means accounting principles generally accepted in the United States set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements, and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity as have been approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession, which are in effect from time to time.

“Global Securities” means, individually and collectively, each of the Restricted Global Securities and the Unrestricted Global Securities.

“Global Security Legend” means the legend set forth in Section 2.6(f)(2), which is required to be placed on all Global Securities issued under this Indenture.

“Government Securities” means direct obligations, or certificates representing an ownership interest in such obligations, of the United States of America (including any agency or instrumentality thereof) for the payment of which the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged and that are not callable at the issuer’s option.

“Guarantee” means, without duplication, any obligation, contingent or otherwise, of any Person directly or indirectly guaranteeing any Indebtedness of any other Person and any other obligation, direct or indirect, contingent or otherwise, of such Person:

(1)                                 to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the purchase or payment of) such Indebtedness of such other Person (whether arising by virtue of partnership arrangements, or by agreements to keep-well, to purchase assets, goods, securities or services, to take-or-pay or to maintain financial statement conditions or otherwise), or

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(2)                                 entered into for the purpose of assuring in any other manner the obligee of such Indebtedness of the payment therefor to protect such obligee against loss in respect thereof (in whole or in part);

provided, however, that the term “Guarantee” shall not include endorsements for collection or deposit in the ordinary course of business.  The term “Guarantee” used as a verb has a corresponding meaning.

“Guarantors” means each Subsidiary that executes this Indenture as a Guarantor, any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that becomes a Guarantor thereafter in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture, and their respective successors and assigns.

“Hedging Obligations” means, with respect to any Person, the obligations of such Person under Currency Agreements, Interest Rate Agreements and Commodity Agreements.

“Holder” means a person in whose name a Security is registered on the Registrar’s books.

“Hydrocarbon Interests” means all rights, titles, interests and estates now or hereafter acquired in and to oil and gas leases, oil, gas and mineral leases, or other liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon leases, mineral fee interests, overriding royalty and royalty interests, net profit interests and production payment interests, including any reserved or residual interests of whatever nature.

“Hydrocarbons” means oil, gas, casinghead gas, drip gasoline, natural gasoline, condensate, distillate, liquid hydrocarbons, gaseous hydrocarbons and all products refined or separated therefrom.

“Indebtedness” means, with respect to any specified Person, without duplication,

(1)                                 all obligations of such Person, whether or not contingent, in respect of:

(a)                                 the principal of and premium, if any, in respect of outstanding (i) Indebtedness of such Person for money borrowed and (ii) Indebtedness evidenced by notes, debentures, bonds or other similar instruments for the payment of which such Person is responsible or liable;

(b)                                 all Capital Lease Obligations of such Person and all Attributable Debt in respect of sale and leaseback transactions entered into by such Person;

(c)                                  the deferred purchase price of property, which purchase price is due more than six months after the date of taking delivery of title to such property, including all obligations of such Person for the deferred purchase price of property under any title retention agreement, but excluding accrued expenses and trade accounts payable arising in the ordinary course of business; and

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(d)                                 the reimbursement obligation of any obligor for the principal amount of any letter of credit, banker’s acceptance or similar transaction (excluding obligations with respect to letters of credit securing obligations (other than obligations described in clauses (a) through (c) above) entered into in the ordinary course of business of such Person to the extent such letters of credit are not drawn upon or, if and to the extent drawn upon, such drawing is reimbursed no later than the tenth Business Day following receipt by such Person of a demand for reimbursement following payment on the letter of credit);

(2)                                 all net obligations in respect of Currency Agreements, Interest Rate Agreements and Commodity Agreements, except to the extent such net obligations are otherwise included in this definition;

(3)                                 all liabilities of others of the kind described in the preceding clause (1) or (2) that such Person has Guaranteed or that are otherwise its legal liability;

(4)                                 with respect to any Production Payment and Reserve Sale, any warranties or guaranties of production or payment by such Person with respect to such Production Payment and Reserve Sale but excluding other contractual obligations of such Person with respect to such Production Payment and Reserve Sale;

(5)                                 Indebtedness (as otherwise defined in this definition) of another Person secured by a Lien on any asset of such Person, whether or not such Indebtedness is assumed by such Person, the amount of such obligations being deemed to be the lesser of

(a)                                 the full amount of such obligations so secured and

(b)                                 the fair market value of such asset as determined in good faith by such specified Person;

(6)                                 Disqualified Stock of such Person or a Restricted Subsidiary in an amount equal to the greater of the maximum mandatory redemption or repurchase price (not including, in either case, any redemption or repurchase premium) or the liquidation preference thereof;

(7)                                 the aggregate preference in respect of amounts payable on the issued and outstanding shares of preferred stock of any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up (excluding any such preference attributable to such shares of preferred stock that are owned by such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided, that if such Person is the Company, such exclusion shall be for such preference attributable to such shares of preferred stock that are owned by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries); and

(8)                                 any and all deferrals, renewals, extensions, refinancings and refundings (whether direct or indirect) of, or amendments, modifications or supplements to, any

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liability of the kind described in any of the preceding clauses (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) or (7) or this clause (8), whether or not between or among the same parties,

if and to the extent that any of the preceding items (other than in respect of letters of credit and Hedging Obligations) would appear as a liability upon a balance sheet of the specified Person prepared in accordance with GAAP.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, “Indebtedness” shall not include:

(a)                                 accrued expenses, royalties and trade payables;

(b)                                 contingent obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business;

(c)                                  asset-retirement obligations or obligations in respect of reclamation and workers’ compensation (including pensions and retiree medical care) that are not overdue by more than 90 days;

(d)                                 except as provided in clause (4) above, Production Payments and Reserve Sales; or

(e)                                  in-kind obligations relating to net oil or natural gas balancing positions arising in the ordinary course of business.

For purposes hereof, the maximum fixed repurchase price of any Disqualified Stock which does not have a fixed repurchase price shall be calculated in accordance with the terms of such Disqualified Stock as if such Disqualified Stock were purchased on any date on which Indebtedness shall be required to be determined pursuant to this Indenture, and if such price is based upon, or measured by, the fair market value of such Disqualified Stock, such fair market value to be determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the issuer of such Disqualified Stock.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, Indebtedness shall not include any indebtedness that has been defeased in accordance with GAAP or defeased pursuant to the deposit of cash, U.S. government obligations and Cash Equivalents (sufficient to satisfy all obligations relating thereto at maturity or redemption, as applicable) in a trust or account created or pledged for the sole benefit of the holders of such indebtedness, in accordance with the terms of the instruments governing such indebtedness.

“Indenture” means this Indenture, as amended or supplemented from time to time.

“Indirect Participant” means a Person who holds a beneficial interest in a Global Security through a Participant.

“Initial Junior Lien Indebtedness” means the Existing Third Lien Notes, as amended, restated, modified, renewed, refunded, replaced or refinanced in whole or in part from time to time in accordance with the applicable Secured Debt Documents.

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“Initial Junior Lien Trustee” means, the trustee under the indenture governing the Existing Third Lien Notes or any other representative then most recently designated in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Initial Junior Lien Indebtedness, together with its successors in such capacity.

“Intercreditor Agreement” means the Intercreditor Agreement dated May 1, 2015, as supplemented as of the date hereof, among the Priority Lien Collateral Agent, the Collateral Trustee, the Junior Lien Collateral Trustee and the other parties from time to time party thereto as it may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with this Indenture.

“Interest Payment Date,” when used with respect to any Security, means the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security.

“Interest Rate Agreements” means, with respect to the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, interest rate agreements, interest rate cap agreements and interest rate collar agreements and other agreements or arrangements designed to protect such Person against fluctuations in interest rates, with respect to any Indebtedness that is permitted to be incurred under this Indenture.

“Investment Grade Rating” means a rating equal to or higher than:

(1)                                 Baa3 (or the equivalent) with a stable or better outlook by Moody’s; and

(2)                                 BBB- (or the equivalent) with a stable or better outlook by S&P,

or, if either such entity ceases to make a rating on the Securities publicly available for reasons outside of the Company’s control, the equivalent investment grade credit rating from any other rating agency.

“Investment Grade Rating Event” means the first day on which the Securities have an Investment Grade Rating from each of S&P and ▇▇▇▇▇’▇, and no Default has occurred and is then continuing under this Indenture.

“Investments” means, with respect to any Person, all investments by such Person in other Persons (including Affiliates) in the forms of direct or indirect loans (including Guarantees of Indebtedness or other obligations), advances or capital contributions (excluding commission, travel and similar advances to officers and employees made in the ordinary course of business), purchases or other acquisitions for consideration of Indebtedness, Equity Interests or other securities, together with all items that are or would be classified as investments on a balance sheet prepared in accordance with GAAP.  If the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company sells or otherwise disposes of any Equity Interests of any direct or indirect Restricted Subsidiary of the Company such that, after giving effect to any such sale or disposition, such Person is no longer a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, the Company shall be deemed to have made an Investment on the date of any such sale or disposition equal to the Fair Market Value of the Equity Interests of such Restricted Subsidiary not sold or disposed of.

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“Issue Date” means the first date on which the Securities are issued, authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.

“Joint Marketing Arrangement” means any joint venture, partnership, lease, joint marketing agreement, operating agreement or other arrangement (which may or may not include joint ownership of any Person) pursuant to which the Company or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries arrange for the marketing, lease or sale of products and services and share in the profits therefrom.

“Junior Lien” means a Lien, junior to the Priority Liens and the Parity Liens as provided in the Intercreditor Agreement, granted by the Company or any Guarantor in favor of holders of Junior Lien Debt (or any collateral trustee or representative in connection therewith), at any time, upon any property of the Company or any Guarantor to secure Junior Lien Obligations.

“Junior Lien Collateral Agent” means the Initial Junior Lien Trustee (or such Person designated by the Initial Junior Lien Trustee), or if the Initial Junior Lien Indebtedness ceases to exist, the collateral trustee or other representative of lenders or holders of Junior Lien Obligations designated pursuant to the terms of the Junior Lien Documents and the Intercreditor Agreement.

“Junior Lien Collateral” shall mean all “collateral,” as defined in any Junior Lien Document, and any other assets of any Grantor now or at any time hereafter subject to Liens which secure, but only to the extent securing, any Junior Lien Obligations.

“Junior Lien Debt” means:

(1)                                 the Existing Third Lien Notes, and

(2)                                 any other Indebtedness (other than intercompany Indebtedness owing to the Company or its Subsidiaries) of the Company or any Guarantor that is secured by a Junior Lien that was permitted to be incurred and so secured under each applicable Secured Debt Document; provided that, in the case of any Indebtedness referred to in this clause (2):

(a)                                 on or before the date on which such Indebtedness is incurred by the Company or any Guarantor, such Indebtedness is designated by the Company, in an officers’ certificate delivered to the Junior Lien Collateral Agent and Collateral Trustee as “Junior Lien Debt” for the purposes of the Secured Debt Documents; provided that if such Series of Secured Debt is designated “Junior Lien Debt,” it cannot also be designated as Parity Lien Debt or Priority Lien Debt (or any combination of the three);

(b)                                 the collateral agent or other representative with respect to such Indebtedness, the Priority Lien Collateral Agent, the Junior Lien Collateral Agent and the Collateral Trustee have duly executed and delivered the Intercreditor Agreement (or a joinder to the Intercreditor Agreement or a new Intercreditor Agreement substantially similar to the Intercreditor

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Agreement, as in effect on the date of this Indenture, and in a form reasonably acceptable to each of the parties thereto); and

(c)                                  all other requirements set forth in the Intercreditor Agreement as to the confirmation, grant or perfection of the Liens of the holders of Junior Debt to secure such Indebtedness or Obligations in respect thereof are satisfied.

“Junior Lien Documents” means, collectively, any indenture, credit agreement or other agreement or instrument pursuant to which Junior Lien Debt is incurred and the documents pursuant to which Junior Lien Obligations are granted.

“Junior Lien Obligations” means Junior Lien Debt and all other Obligations in respect thereof.

“Junior Lien Representative” means (1) with respect to the Existing Third Lien Notes, the Initial Junior Lien Trustee or (2) in the case of any other Series of Junior Lien Debt, the trustee, agent or representative of the holders of such Series of Junior Lien Debt who maintains the transfer register for such Series of Junior Lien Debt and is appointed as a representative of the Junior Lien Debt (for purposes related to the administration of the security documents) pursuant to the indenture, credit agreement or other agreement governing such Series of Junior Lien Debt.

“Lien” means, with respect to any asset, any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest or encumbrance of any kind in respect of such asset, whether or not filed, recorded or otherwise perfected under applicable law, including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any lease in the nature thereof, any option or other agreement to sell or give a security interest in any asset and any filing of or agreement to give any financing statement under the Uniform Commercial Code (or equivalent statutes) of any jurisdiction.

“Make Whole Premium” means, with respect to a Security at any time, the excess, if any, of (a) the present value at such time of (i) the Redemption Price of such Security at August 15, 2018 plus (ii) any required interest payments due on such Security through August 15, 2018 (in each case, except for currently accrued and unpaid interest), computed using a discount rate equal to the Treasury Rate plus 50 basis points, discounted to the Redemption Date on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30 day months), over (b) the principal amount of such Security.

“Modified ACNTA” means, as of any date of determination, an amount equal to ACNTA calculated as of a date not more than 30 days prior to the date of determination (the “calculation date”), on the following basis:

(1)                                 in lieu of commodity pricing of future net revenues based on SEC guidelines, Modified ACNTA Prices shall be used after giving effect to commodity derivatives contracts in effect as of the date of determination, as determined in good faith by the Company, and

(2)                                 such calculation shall be based on then current estimates of costs determined in good faith by the Company in light of prevailing market conditions.

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“Modified ACNTA Prices” means, as of any date of determination,  the forward month prices for the most comparable hydrocarbon commodity applicable to such future production month for a five year period (or such shorter period if forward month prices are not quoted for a reasonably comparable hydrocarbon commodity for the full five year period), with such prices held constant thereafter based on the last quoted forward month price of such period, as such prices are (i) quoted on the NYMEX (or its successor) as of the calculation date (as defined in the definition of Modified ACNTA) and (ii) adjusted for energy content, quality and basis differentials; provided that with respect to estimated future production for which prices are defined, within the meaning of SEC guidelines, by contractual arrangements excluding escalations based upon future conditions, then such contract prices shall be applied to future production subject to such arrangements.

“Moody’s” means ▇▇▇▇▇’▇ Investors Service, Inc. and any successor to its rating agency business.

“Mortgages” means all mortgages, deeds of trust and similar documents, instruments and agreements (and all amendments, modifications and supplements thereof) creating, evidencing, perfecting or otherwise establishing the Liens on Oil and Gas Properties and other related assets to secure payment of the Securities and the Subsidiary Guarantees or any part thereof.

“Net Cash Proceeds,” with respect to any issuance or sale of Capital Stock or the sale or incurrence of any Indebtedness, means the cash proceeds of such issuance or sale net of attorneys’ fees, accountants’ fees, underwriters’ or placement agents’ fees, listing fees, discounts or commissions and brokerage, consultant and other fees and charges actually incurred in connection with such issuance or sale and net of taxes paid or payable as a result of such issuance or sale.

“Net Proceeds” means the aggregate cash proceeds received by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of any Asset Sale (including, without limitation, any cash received upon the sale or other disposition of any non-cash consideration received in any Asset Sale), net of, without duplication:

(1)                                 the direct costs relating to such Asset Sale, including, without limitation, legal, title, engineering, environmental, accounting and investment banking fees, and sales commissions, and any relocation expenses incurred as a result thereof;

(2)                                 taxes paid or payable as a result thereof;

(3)                                 amounts required to be applied to the repayment of Indebtedness (other than under the Credit Facilities) secured by a Lien on the asset or assets that were the subject of such Asset Sale;

(4)                                 any reserve established in accordance with GAAP against liabilities associated with such Asset Sale or any amount placed in escrow for adjustment in respect of the purchase price of such Asset Sale, until such time as such reserve is reversed or such escrow arrangement is terminated, in which case Net Proceeds shall be increased by the amount of the reserve so reversed or the amount returned to the

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Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries from such escrow arrangement, as the case may be; and

(5)                                 any distributions and other payments required to be made to minority interest holders in any Restricted Subsidiaries as a result of such Asset Sale.

“Net Working Capital” means:

(1)                                 all current assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, minus

(2)                                 all current liabilities of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, except current liabilities included in Indebtedness;

in each case determined in accordance with GAAP.

“Non-Recourse Debt” means Indebtedness:

(1)                                 as to which neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (a) provides credit support of any kind (including any undertaking, agreement or instrument that would constitute Indebtedness), (b) is directly or indirectly liable as a guarantor or otherwise, or (c) constitutes the lender; and

(2)                                 no default with respect to which (including any rights that the holders thereof may have to take enforcement action against an Unrestricted Subsidiary) would permit upon notice, lapse of time or both any holder of any other Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to declare a default on such other Indebtedness or cause the payment thereof to be accelerated or payable prior to its Stated Maturity.

“Non-Recourse Purchase Money Indebtedness” means Indebtedness (other than Capital Lease Obligations) of the Company or any Guarantor incurred in connection with the acquisition by the Company or such Guarantor of assets used in the Oil and Gas Business (including office buildings and other real property used by the Company or such Guarantor in conducting its operations) with respect to which:

(1)                                 the holders of such Indebtedness agree that they will look solely to the assets so acquired that secure such Indebtedness, and neither the Company nor any Restricted Subsidiary (a) is directly or indirectly liable for such Indebtedness or (b) provides credit support, including any undertaking, Guarantee, agreement or instrument that would constitute Indebtedness (other than the grant of a Lien on such acquired assets); and

(2)                                 no default or event of default with respect to such Indebtedness would cause, or permit (after notice or passage of time or otherwise), any holder of any other Indebtedness of the Company or a Guarantor to declare a default or event of default on such other Indebtedness or cause the payment, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value thereof to be accelerated or

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payable prior to any scheduled principal payment, scheduled sinking fund payment or maturity.

“Note Documents” means this Indenture, the Securities, the Subsidiary Guarantees, the Collateral Trust Agreement, the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreement.

“NYMEX” means the New York Mercantile Exchange.

“Obligations” means any principal, premium, if any, interest (including interest accruing on or after the filing of any petition in bankruptcy or for reorganization, whether or not a claim for post-filing interest is allowed in such proceeding), penalties, fees, charges, expenses, indemnifications, reimbursement obligations, damages, guarantees, and other liabilities or amounts payable under the documentation governing any Indebtedness or in respect thereto.

“Officer” means, with respect to any Person, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Financial Officer, any Vice President, the Treasurer, the Controller or the Secretary of such Person.

“Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed on behalf of the Company by two Officers or by an Officer and either an Assistant Treasurer or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and that complies with Sections 11.4 and 11.5 of this Indenture and is delivered to the Trustee.

“OID Legend” means the legend set forth in Section 2.6(f)(3) to be placed on all Securities issued under this Indenture except where otherwise permitted by the provisions of this Indenture.

“Oil and Gas Business” means:

(1)                                 the acquisition, exploration, exploitation, development, servicing, operation or disposition of interests in, or obtaining production from, oil, natural gas or other hydrocarbon properties;

(2)                                 the gathering, marketing, treating, processing (but not refining), storage, selling or transporting of any production from such interests or properties; or

(3)                                 any activity that is ancillary, necessary or appropriate to facilitate, or that is incidental to, the activities described in clauses (1) and (2) of this definition.

“Oil and Gas Liens” means:

(1)                                 Liens on any specific property or any interest therein, construction thereon or improvement thereto to secure all or any part of the costs incurred for surveying, exploration, drilling, extraction, development, operation, production, construction, alteration, repair or improvement of, in, under or on such property and the plugging and abandonment of ▇▇▇▇▇ located thereon (it being understood that, in the case of oil and gas producing properties, or any interest therein, costs incurred for “development” will include costs incurred for all facilities relating to such

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properties or to projects, ventures or other arrangements of which such properties form a part or that relate to such properties or interests);

(2)                                 Liens on an oil or gas producing property to secure obligations incurred or Guarantees of obligations incurred in connection with or necessarily incidental to commitments for the purchase or sale of, or the transportation or distribution of, the products derived from such property;

(3)                                 Liens arising under partnership agreements, oil and gas leases, overriding royalty agreements, net profits agreements, production payment agreements, royalty trust agreements, incentive compensation programs on terms that are reasonably customary, in the Oil and Gas Business for geologists, geophysicists and other providers of technical services to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary, farm-out agreements, farm-in agreements, division orders, contracts for the sale, purchase, exchange, transportation, gathering or processing of oil, gas or other hydrocarbons, unitizations and pooling designations, declarations, orders and agreements, development agreements, operating agreements, production sales contracts, area of mutual interest agreements, gas balancing or deferred production agreements, injection, repressuring and recycling agreements, salt water or other disposal agreements, seismic or geophysical permits or agreements, and other agreements that are customary in the Oil and Gas Business; provided, however, that in all instances such Liens are limited to the assets that are the subject of the relevant agreement, program, order or contract;

(4)                                 Liens securing Production Payments and Reserve Sales; provided that such Liens are limited to the property that is subject to such Production Payments and Reserve Sales, and such Production Payments and Reserve Sales either:

(a)                                 were in existence on the Issue Date,

(b)                                 were created in connection with the acquisition of property after the date of this Indenture and such Lien was incurred in connection with the financing of, and within 90 days after the acquisition of the property subject thereto, or

(c)                                  constitute Asset Sales made in compliance with Section 4.7 hereof; and

(5)                                 Liens on pipelines or pipeline facilities that arise by operation of law.

“Oil and Gas Properties” means (a) Hydrocarbon Interests; (b) the Properties now or hereafter pooled or unitized with Hydrocarbon Interests; (c) all presently existing or future unitization, pooling agreements and declarations of pooled units and the units created thereby (including without limitation all units created under orders, regulations and rules of any governmental authority) that may affect all or any portion of the Hydrocarbon Interests; (d) all operating agreements, contracts and other agreements, including production sharing contracts and agreements, that relate to any of the Hydrocarbon Interests or the production, sale, purchase, exchange or processing of Hydrocarbons from or attributable to such Hydrocarbon Interests; (e) all Hydrocarbons in and under and that may be produced and saved or attributable to the

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Hydrocarbon Interests, including all oil in tanks, and all rents, issues, profits, proceeds, products, revenues and other incomes from or attributable to the Hydrocarbon Interests; (f) all tenements, hereditaments, appurtenances and Properties in any manner appertaining, belonging, affixed or incidental to the Hydrocarbon Interests and (g) all Properties, rights, titles, interests and estates described or referred to above, including any and all Property, real or personal, now owned or hereinafter acquired and situated upon, used, held for use or useful in connection with the operating, working or development of any of such Hydrocarbon Interests or Property (excluding drilling rigs, automotive equipment, rental equipment or other personal Property that may be on such premises for the purpose of drilling a well or for other similar temporary uses) and including any and all oil ▇▇▇▇▇, gas ▇▇▇▇▇, injection ▇▇▇▇▇ or other ▇▇▇▇▇, structures, fuel separators, liquid extraction plants, plant compressors, pumps, pumping units, field gathering systems, tanks and tank batteries, fixtures, valves, fittings, machinery and parts, engines, boilers, meters, apparatus, equipment, appliances, tools, implements, cables, wires, towers, casing, tubing and rods, surface leases, rights-of-way, easements and servitudes, together with all additions, substitutions, replacements, accessions and attachments to any and all of the foregoing.

“Parity Lien” means a Lien granted by the Company or any Guarantor in favor of the Collateral Trustee pursuant to a Security Document, at any time, upon any property of the Company or any Guarantor to secure Parity Lien Obligations.

“Parity Lien Debt” means:

(1)                                 the Existing Second Lien Notes and the subsidiary guarantees thereof (or any additional notes of such class issued under the indenture governing such notes and subsidiary guarantees thereof), and the Securities issued on the Issue Date and Subsidiary Guarantees thereof; and

(2)                                 any other Indebtedness (other than intercompany Indebtedness owing to the Company or its Subsidiaries) of the Company or any Guarantor (including Additional Securities) that is secured equally and ratably with the Securities by a Parity Lien that was permitted to be incurred and so secured under each applicable Secured Debt Document; provided that, in the case of any Indebtedness referred to in clause (2) of this definition:

(a)                                 on or before the date on which such Indebtedness is incurred by the Company or any Guarantor, such Indebtedness is designated by the Company, in an officers’ certificate delivered to each Parity Lien Representative and the Collateral Trustee, as “Parity Lien Debt” for the purposes of this Indenture and the Collateral Trust Agreement; provided further that no Series of Secured Debt may be designated as both Parity Lien Debt and Priority Lien Debt or Junior Lien Debt;

(b)                                 other than in the case of Additional Securities issued under this Indenture, such Indebtedness is governed by an indenture, credit agreement or other agreement that includes an Additional Secured Debt Designation; and

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(c)                                  all requirements set forth in the Collateral Trust Agreement as to the confirmation, grant or perfection of the Collateral Trustee’s Liens to secure such Indebtedness or Obligations in respect thereof are satisfied (and the satisfaction of such requirements and the other provisions of this clause (c) will be conclusively established if the Company delivers to the Collateral Trustee an officers’ certificate stating that such requirements and other provisions have been satisfied and that such Indebtedness is “Parity Lien Debt”).

“Parity Lien Documents” means, collectively, the Note Documents and any additional indenture, supplemental indenture, credit agreement or other agreement governing each other Series of Parity Lien Debt and the Security Documents (other than any Security Documents that do not secure Parity Lien Obligations).

“Parity Lien Obligations” means Parity Lien Debt and all other Obligations in respect thereof.

“Parity Lien Purchaser Representative” means (a) initially, the trustee for the Existing Second Lien Notes or (b) such other Person that is appointed from time to time by the Parity Lien Representatives to replace the Trustee (or subsequent Parity Lien Purchaser Representative) pursuant to a written notice to the Priority Lien Collateral Agent.

“Parity Lien Representative” means:

(1)                                 in the case of the Securities, the Trustee; or

(2)                                 in the case of any other Series of Parity Lien Debt, the trustee, agent or representative of the holders of such Series of Parity Lien Debt who (a) is appointed as a Parity Lien Representative (for purposes related to the administration of the Security Documents) pursuant to the indenture, credit agreement or other agreement governing such Series of Parity Lien Debt, together with its successors in such capacity, and (b) has become a party to the Collateral Trust Agreement by executing a joinder in the form required under the Collateral Trust Agreement.

“Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion from legal counsel that complies with Sections 11.4 and 11.5 of this Indenture and is delivered to the Trustee.  The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Company or the Trustee.

“Participant” means, with respect to the Depositary, Euroclear or Clearstream, a Person who has an account with the Depositary, Euroclear or Clearstream, respectively (and, with respect to The Depository Trust Company, shall include Euroclear and Clearstream).

“Permitted Acquisition Indebtedness” means Indebtedness (including Disqualified Stock) of the Company or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries to the extent such Indebtedness was Indebtedness:

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(1)                                 of an acquired Person prior to the date on which such Person became a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of having been acquired and not incurred in contemplation of such acquisition; or

(2)                                 of a Person that was merged, consolidated or amalgamated with or into the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary that was not incurred in contemplation of such merger, consolidation or amalgamation,

provided that on the date such Person became a Restricted Subsidiary or the date such Person was merged, consolidated and amalgamated with or into the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary, as applicable, after giving pro forma effect thereto,

(a)                                 the Restricted Subsidiary or the Company, as applicable, would be permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio test under Section 4.3(a) or

(b)                                 the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for the Company would be greater than the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for the Company immediately prior to such transaction.

“Permitted Business Investments” means Investments made in the ordinary course of, and of a nature that is or shall have become customary in, the Oil and Gas Business, including through agreements, transactions, interests or arrangements that permit one to share risk or costs, comply with regulatory requirements regarding local ownership or satisfy other objectives customarily achieved through the conduct of the Oil and Gas Business jointly with third parties, including without limitation:

(1)                                 ownership of oil, natural gas, other related hydrocarbon and mineral properties or any interest therein or gathering, transportation, processing, storage or related systems; and

(2)                                 the entry into operating agreements, joint ventures, processing agreements, working interests, royalty interests, mineral leases, farm-in agreements, farm-out agreements, development agreements, production sharing agreements, area of mutual interest agreements, contracts for the sale, transportation or exchange of oil and natural gas and related hydrocarbons and minerals, unitization agreements, pooling arrangements, joint bidding agreements, service contracts, partnership agreements (whether general or limited), or other similar or customary agreements (including for limited liability companies), transactions, properties, interests or arrangements, and Investments and expenditures in connection therewith or pursuant thereto, in each case made or entered into in the ordinary course of the Oil and Gas Business, excluding, however, Investments in corporations.

“Permitted Collateral Liens” means Liens described in clauses (3), (4), (5), (10) and (11) of the definition of “Permitted Liens” that, by operation of law, have priority over the Parity Liens.

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“Permitted Holder” means HALRES, LLC or any manager, director, controlling equity holder or Subsidiary thereof.

“Permitted Investments” means:

(1)                                 any Investment in the Company or in a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company;

(2)                                 any Investment in Cash Equivalents;

(3)                                 any Investment by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company in a Person if as a result of such Investment:

(a)                                 such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; or

(b)                                 such Person is merged, consolidated or amalgamated with or into, or transfers or conveys substantially all of its assets to, or is liquidated into, the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company;

or any Investment held by such Person at the time of such transaction, provided such Investment was not made in contemplation of such transaction;

(4)                                 any Investment made as a result of the receipt of non-cash consideration from an Asset Sale that was made pursuant to and in compliance with Section 4.7 hereof.

(5)                                 any acquisition of assets solely in exchange for the issuance of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company;

(6)                                 receivables owing to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary created or acquired in the ordinary course of business and payable or dischargeable in accordance with customary trade terms; provided, however, that such trade terms may include such concessionary trade terms as the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary deems reasonable under the circumstances;

(7)                                 payroll, travel, relocation and similar advances to officers, directors and employees to cover matters that are expected at the time of such advances ultimately to be treated as expenses for accounting purposes and that are made in the ordinary course of business;

(8)                                 loans or advances to employees made in the ordinary course of business of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary made for bona fide business purposes;

(9)                                 Capital Stock, obligations or securities received in settlement of debts created in the ordinary course of business and owing to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary or in satisfaction of judgments or pursuant to any plan of reorganization or similar arrangement upon the bankruptcy or insolvency of a debtor or received in connection with a work-out or recapitalization of the issuer or as a result of a foreclosure or other transfer of title or perfection or enforcement of any lien with respect to any secured Investment in default;

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(10)                          Hedging Obligations, which transactions or obligations are incurred in compliance with Section 4.3 hereof;

(11)                          Permitted Business Investments;

(12)                          Investments in accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, negotiable instruments held for collection and lease, utility and worker’s compensation, performance and other similar deposits provided to third parties and endorsements for collection or deposit arising in the ordinary course of business;

(13)                          advances, deposits and prepayments for purchases of any assets, including any Equity Interests;

(14)                          Permitted Joint Venture Investments and Joint Marketing Arrangements entered into by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in an aggregate amount (measured on the date on which each such Investment was made and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value) that, when taken together with all other Investments pursuant to this clause, do not exceed $25.0 million at any time outstanding;

(15)                          Investments arising from agreements of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary providing for indemnification, adjustment of purchase price, earn-outs or similar obligations, in each case incurred or assumed in connection with the disposition or acquisition of any business, assets or a Restricted Subsidiary in accordance with this Indenture; and

(16)                          other Investments in any Person having an aggregate Fair Market Value (measured on the date each such Investment was made and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value), when taken together with all other Investments made pursuant to this clause (16) since the Issue Date, not to exceed the greater of $50.0 million and 2.0% of ACNTA determined at the time of such Investment.

In connection with any assets or property contributed or transferred to any Person as an Investment, such property and assets shall be equal to the Fair Market Value at the time of the Investment, without regard to subsequent changes in value.

With respect to any Investment, the Company may, in its sole discretion, allocate or re-allocate all or any portion of any Investment to one or more of the above clauses so that the entire Investment is a Permitted Investment.

“Permitted Joint Venture Investment” means an Investment by such Person in any other Person engaged in the Oil and Gas Business (a) over which such Person is responsible (either directly or through a services agreement) for day-to-day operations or otherwise has operational and managerial control of such other Person, or veto power over significant management decisions affecting such other Person, and (b) of which at least 30% of the outstanding Equity Interests of such other Person are at the time owned directly or indirectly by such Person.

“Permitted Liens” means:

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(1)                                 Liens securing Priority Lien Debt or Parity Lien Debt under Credit Facilities incurred under sub-clause (a) of clause (1) of the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness” and Liens securing Banking Services Obligations and Hedging Obligations constituting Priority Lien Obligations;

(2)                                 Liens in favor of the Company or the Guarantors;

(3)                                 Liens on any property or assets of a Person existing at the time such Person is merged with or into or consolidated with the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, provided that such Liens were in existence prior to the contemplation of such merger or consolidation and do not extend to any property or assets other than those of the Person merged into or consolidated with the Company or the Restricted Subsidiary;

(4)                                 Liens on any property or assets existing at the time of acquisition thereof by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, provided that such Liens were not incurred in connection with the contemplation of such acquisition;

(5)                                 Liens to secure the performance of statutory obligations, surety or appeal bonds, performance bonds or other obligations of a like nature incurred in the ordinary course of business;

(6)                                 Liens existing on the Issue Date that are not described in another clause of this definition;

(7)                                 Liens arising from Uniform Commercial Code financing statement filings regarding operating leases entered into by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business;

(8)                                 Liens securing Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness incurred to refinance Indebtedness that was previously so secured pursuant to clauses (3), (4), (9) or (16) of this definition, provided that any such Lien is limited to all or part of the same property or assets (plus improvements, accessions, proceeds or dividends or distributions in respect thereof) that secured (or, under the written arrangements under which the original Lien arose, could secure) the Indebtedness being refinanced or is in respect of property that is the security for a Permitted Lien hereunder;

(9)                                 Liens for the purpose of securing the payment of all or a part of the purchase price of, or Capital Lease Obligations, Attributable Debt, purchase money obligations or other payments incurred to finance the acquisition, lease, improvement or construction of or repairs or additions to, assets or property acquired or constructed in the ordinary course of business, in each case that are incurred and permitted under clause (4) of the definition of Permitted Indebtedness; provided that:

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(a)                                 the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness secured by such Liens is otherwise permitted to be incurred under this indenture and does not exceed the cost of the assets or property so acquired or constructed; and

(b)                                 such Liens are created within 180 days of the later of the acquisition, lease, completion of improvements, construction, repairs or additions or commencement of full operation of the assets or property subject to such Lien and do not encumber any other assets or property of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary other than such assets or property and assets affixed or appurtenant thereto;

(10)                          any Lien incurred in the ordinary course of business incidental to the conduct of the business of the Company or the Restricted Subsidiaries or the ownership of their property (including (a) easements, rights of way and similar encumbrances, (b) rights or title of lessors under leases (other than Capital Lease Obligations), (c) rights of collecting banks having rights of setoff, revocation, refund or chargeback with respect to money or instruments of the Company or the Restricted Subsidiaries on deposit with or in the possession of such banks, (d) Liens imposed by law, including Liens under workers’ compensation or similar legislation and mechanics’, carriers’, warehousemen’s, materialmen’s, suppliers’ and vendors’ Liens, (e) Liens incurred to secure performance of obligations with respect to statutory or regulatory requirements, performance or return-of-money bonds, surety bonds or other obligations of a like nature and incurred in a manner consistent with industry practice and (f) Oil and Gas Liens, in each case which are not incurred in connection with the borrowing of money, the obtaining of advances or credit or the payment of the deferred purchase price of property (other than trade accounts payable arising in the ordinary course of business));

(11)                          Liens for taxes, assessments and governmental charges not yet due or the validity of which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, promptly instituted and diligently conducted, and for which adequate reserves have been established to the extent required by GAAP as in effect at such time;

(12)                          Liens on the Capital Stock of any Unrestricted Subsidiary to the extent securing Indebtedness of Unrestricted Subsidiaries;

(13)                          Liens on property securing a defeasance trust;

(14)                          Liens securing the Existing Second Lien Notes and the subsidiary guarantees thereof, the Initial Securities and the Subsidiary Guarantees or other Parity Lien Debt; provided that after giving effect to such incurrence, the aggregate principal amount of such other Parity Lien Debt secured under this clause (14) (together with any Indebtedness incurred to extend, refinance, renew, replace, defease or refund such Indebtedness) does not exceed $150.0 million less the principal amount of the Initial Securities;

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(15)                          Liens securing the Existing Third Lien Notes and Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor with respect thereto to the extent that such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness constitutes Junior Lien Debt; and

(16)                          in addition to the foregoing, Liens securing Indebtedness and other obligations in an aggregate amount at any time outstanding which does not exceed the greater of $20.0 million and 1.0% of ACNTA as most recently determined at such time.

“Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness” means any Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries issued in exchange for, or the Net Cash Proceeds of which are used to extend, refinance, renew, replace, defease or refund other Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (other than intercompany Indebtedness); provided that:

(1)                                 the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) of such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness does not exceed the principal amount of (or accreted value, if applicable), plus premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on the Indebtedness so extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded (plus the amount of reasonable expenses incurred in connection therewith);

(2)                                 (a)                                 if the final maturity date of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, deferred or refunded is earlier than the final maturity date of the Securities, the Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness has a final maturity date no earlier than the final maturity date of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, deferred or refunded, or  (b) if the final maturity date of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, deferred or refunded is later than the final maturity date of the Securities, the Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness has a final maturity date at least 91 days later than the final maturity date of the Securities;

(3)                                 the Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness has a Weighted Average Life to Maturity at the time such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is incurred that is equal to or greater than the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, deferred or refunded;

(4)                                 if the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded is subordinated in right of payment to the Securities or a Subsidiary Guarantee, such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is subordinated in right of payment to the Securities or such Subsidiary Guarantee on terms at least as favorable, taken as a whole, to the Holders as those contained in the documentation governing the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded;

(5)                                 such Indebtedness is not incurred by a Restricted Subsidiary if the Company is the obligor on the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded; provided, however, that a Restricted Subsidiary that is also a Guarantor may Guarantee Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness incurred by the Company, whether or not such Restricted Subsidiary was an obligor or guarantor

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of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded; provided further, however, that if such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is subordinated to the Securities, such Guarantee shall be subordinated to such Restricted Subsidiary’s Subsidiary Guarantee to at least the same extent; and

(6)                                 if the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased, or refunded is Non-Recourse Purchase Money Indebtedness, such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness satisfies clauses (1) and (2) of the definition of “Non-Recourse Purchase Money Indebtedness.”

“Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, association, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, government or any agency or political subdivision thereof or any other entity.

“Priority Lien” means a Lien granted by the Company or any Guarantor in favor of the Priority Lien Collateral Agent, at any time, upon any Property of the Company or any Guarantor to secure Priority Lien Obligations.

“Priority Lien Collateral Agent” means the Credit Agreement Agent (or other Person designated by the Credit Agreement Agent), or if the Credit Agreement ceases to exist, the collateral agent or other representative of lenders or holders of Priority Lien Obligations designated pursuant to the terms of the Priority Lien Documents and the Intercreditor Agreement.

“Priority Lien Debt” means:

(1)                                 Indebtedness of the Company and the Guarantors under the Credit Agreement (including letters of credit (with outstanding letters of credit being deemed to have a principal amount equal to the stated amount thereof) and reimbursement obligations with respect thereto) that is subject to the Intercreditor Agreement and permitted to be incurred and secured under each applicable Secured Debt Document; and

(2)                                 additional Indebtedness of the Company and the Guarantors under any other Credit Facility that is secured with the Credit Agreement by a Priority Lien that was permitted to be incurred and so secured under each applicable Secured Debt Document; provided that, in the case of any Indebtedness referred to in this clause (2), that:

(a)                                 on or before the date on which such Indebtedness is incurred by the Company and the Guarantors, such Indebtedness is designated by the Company, in an officers’ certificate delivered to the Priority Lien Collateral Agent and the Collateral Trustee, as “Priority Lien Debt” for the purposes of the Secured Debt Documents; provided that if such Series of Secured Debt is designated as “Priority Lien Debt,” it cannot also be designated as Parity Lien Debt or Junior Lien Debt (or any combination of the three);

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(b)                                 the collateral agent or other representative with respect to such Indebtedness, the Priority Lien Collateral Agent and the Collateral Trustee have duly executed and delivered the Intercreditor Agreement (or a joinder to the Intercreditor Agreement or a new Intercreditor Agreement substantially similar to the Intercreditor Agreement, as in effect on the date hereof, and in a form reasonably acceptable to each of the parties thereto); and

(c)                                  all other requirements set forth in the Intercreditor Agreement as to the confirmation, grant or perfection of the Priority Lien Collateral Agent’s Liens to secure such Indebtedness or Obligations in respect thereof are satisfied;

provided that all such Indebtedness (other than any DIP Financing that is permitted by the Intercreditor Agreement) is pari passu in right of payment, it being understood that there may be different tranches of Priority Lien Debt with different maturities and amortization profiles, but the principal amount of Indebtedness under all such tranches must in all other respects be pari passu in right of payment. Any such Indebtedness (other than any such DIP Financing) that is not consistent with the foregoing requirement for pari passu treatment in right of payment with the revolving credit loans under the Priority Lien Documents shall not constitute Priority Lien Debt.

“Priority Lien Documents” means the Credit Agreement and any other Credit Facility pursuant to which any Priority Lien Debt is incurred and the documents pursuant to which Priority Lien Obligations are granted.

“Priority Lien Obligations” means the Priority Lien Debt and all other Obligations in respect of Priority Lien Debt, Hedging Obligations and Banking Services Obligations, in each case, that are secured by the Priority Liens.

“Priority Lien Representative” means (1) the Credit Agreement Agent or (2) in the case of any other Series of Priority Lien Debt, the trustee, agent or representative of the holders of such Series of Priority Lien Debt who maintains the transfer register for such Series of Priority Lien Debt and is appointed as a representative of the Priority Lien Debt (for purposes related to the administration of the security documents securing the Priority Liens) pursuant to the credit agreement or other agreement governing such Series of Priority Lien Debt.

“Private Placement Legend” means the legend set forth in Section 2.6(f)(1) to be placed on all Securities issued under this Indenture except where otherwise permitted by the provisions of this Indenture.

“Production Payments” means, collectively, Dollar-Denominated Production Payments and Volumetric Production Payments.

“Production Payments and Reserve Sales” means the grant or transfer by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary to any Person of a royalty, overriding royalty, net profits interest or Production Payment in oil and natural gas properties, reserves or the right to receive all or a portion of the production or the proceeds from the sale of production attributable to such

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properties where, in the case of each of the foregoing, the holder of such interest has recourse solely to such production or proceeds of production, subject to the obligation of the grantor or transferor to operate and maintain, or cause the subject interests to be operated and maintained, in a reasonably prudent manner or other customary standard or subject to the obligation of the grantor or transferor to indemnify for environmental, title or other matters customary in the foregoing interests.

“Property” means any interest in any kind of property or asset, whether real, personal or mixed, or tangible or intangible, including, without limitation, cash, securities, accounts and contract rights.

“Proved Reserves” means “Proved Reserves” as defined in the Definitions for Oil and Gas Reserves promulgated by the Society of Petroleum Engineers (or any generally recognized successor) as in effect at the time in question.

“QIB” means any “qualified institutional buyer” (as defined in Rule 144).

“Rating Category” means:

(1)                                 with respect to S&P, any of the following categories:  AAA, AA, A, BBB, BB, B, CCC, CC, C and D (or equivalent successor categories); and

(2)                                 with respect to ▇▇▇▇▇’▇, any of the following categories: Aaa, Aa, A, Baa, Ba, B, Caa, Ca, C and D (or equivalent successor categories).

“Rating Decline” means a decrease in the rating of the Securities by either ▇▇▇▇▇’▇ or S&P by one or more gradations (including gradations within Rating Categories as well as between Rating Categories).  In determining whether the rating of the Securities has decreased by one or more gradations, gradations within Rating Categories, namely + or — for S&P, and 1, 2, and 3 for ▇▇▇▇▇’▇, will be taken into account; for example, in the case of S&P, a rating decline either from BB+ to BB or BB- to B+ will constitute a decrease of one gradation.

“Redemption Date,” when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Indenture.

“Redemption Price,” when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this Indenture.

“Regulation S” means Regulation S promulgated under the Securities Act.

“Regulation S Global Security” means a permanent Global Security substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto bearing the Global Security Legend, the Private Placement Legend and, if applicable, the OID Legend, that has the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Security” attached thereto, and that is deposited with or on behalf of, and registered in the name of, the Depositary or its nominee, issued in a denomination equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Securities initially sold in reliance on Regulation S.

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“Required Parity Lien Debtholders” means, at any time, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of all Parity Lien Debt then outstanding, calculated in accordance with the provisions of the Collateral Trust Agreement. For purposes of this definition, Parity Lien Debt registered in the name of, or beneficially owned by, the Company or any Affiliate of the Company will be deemed not to be outstanding.

“Resale Restriction Termination Date” means (i) the date which is one year after the later of the date of the original issue of any Securities and the last date on which the Company or any of its affiliates (as defined in Rule 144) was the owner of such Securities (or any predecessor Securities) or (ii) such later date, if any, as may be required by applicable law.

“Reserve Report” means a report setting forth, as of each December 31st or June 30th, the estimated Proved Reserves attributable to the Oil and Gas Properties of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries, together with a projection of the rate of production and future net income, taxes, operating expenses and capital expenditures with respect thereto as of such date, based upon the pricing assumptions consistent with SEC reporting requirements at the time, in each case in the form delivered in accordance with the requirements of the Credit Agreement, or if there is no Credit Agreement requiring delivery of a Reserve Report, in form substantially consistent as determined in good faith by the Company with the form of Reserve Report required under the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date.

“Restricted Definitive Security” means a Definitive Security bearing the Private Placement Legend and, if applicable, the OID Legend.

“Restricted Global Security” means a Global Security bearing the Private Placement Legend and, if applicable, the OID Legend (including the Regulation S Global Security).

“Restricted Period” means the 40-day distribution compliance period as defined in Regulation S.

“Restricted Security” means either a Restricted Definitive Security or a Restricted Global Security.

“Restricted Subsidiary” of a Person means any Subsidiary of the referenced Person that is not an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

“Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act.

“Rule 144A” means Rule 144A promulgated under the Securities Act.

“Rule 904” means Rule 904 promulgated under the Securities Act.

“S&P” means Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of The ▇▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇ Companies, Inc., and any successor to its rating agency business.

“SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

“Secured Debt” means Priority Lien Debt, Parity Lien Debt and Junior Lien Debt.

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“Secured Debt Documents” means the Priority Lien Documents, the Parity Lien Documents and the Junior Lien Documents.

“Securities” means securities issued under this Indenture.  The Initial Securities and the Additional Securities shall be treated as a single class for all purposes under this Indenture, including waivers, amendments, redemptions and offers to purchase; provided that any Additional Securities that are not fungible with the Securities issued in this exchange offer for U.S. federal income tax purposes will bear a different CUSIP number. Unless otherwise provided or the context otherwise requires, all references to the Securities shall include the Initial Securities and the Additional Securities.

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933 and any successor statute thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.

“Securities Custodian” means the custodian with respect to a Global Security (as appointed by the Depositary) or any successor Person, and shall initially be the initial Registrar.

“Security Documents” means the Collateral Trust Agreement, each joinder agreement required by the Collateral Trust Agreement, and all security agreements, pledge agreements, collateral assignments, mortgages, deeds of trust, collateral agency agreements, control agreements or other grants or transfers for security executed and delivered by the Company or any Guarantor creating (or purporting to create) a Parity Lien upon Collateral in favor of the Collateral Trustee, in each case, as amended, modified, renewed, restated or replaced, in whole or in part, from time to time, in accordance with its terms and the provisions of the Collateral Trust Agreement.

“Series of Junior Lien Debt” means, severally, the Existing Third Lien Notes and each other issue or series of Junior Lien Debt for which a single transfer register is maintained.

“Series of Parity Lien Debt” means, severally, the Securities, the Existing Second Lien Notes and each other issue or series of Parity Lien Debt for which a single transfer register is maintained.

“Series of Priority Lien Debt” means, severally, the Indebtedness outstanding under the Credit Agreement and any other Credit Facility that constitutes Priority Lien Debt.

“Series of Secured Debt” means each Series of Priority Lien Debt, each Series of Parity Lien Debt and each Series of Junior Lien Debt.

“Significant Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary that would be a “significant subsidiary” as defined in Article 1, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X, promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Regulation is in effect on the Issue Date.

“Stated Maturity” means, with respect to any installment of interest or principal on any series of Indebtedness, the date on which such payment of interest or principal was scheduled to be paid in the original documentation governing such Indebtedness, and shall not include any contingent obligations to repay, redeem or repurchase any such interest or principal prior to the date originally scheduled for the payment thereof.

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“Subordinated Indebtedness” means Indebtedness of the Company (or a Guarantor) that is expressly subordinated or junior in right of payment to the Securities (or a Subsidiary Guarantee, as appropriate) pursuant to a written agreement to that effect.

“Subsidiary” means any subsidiary of the Company.  A “subsidiary” of any Person means:

(1)                                 a corporation a majority of whose Voting Stock is at the time, directly or indirectly owned by such Person, by one or more subsidiaries of such Person or by such Person and one or more subsidiaries of such Person; or

(2)                                 a partnership, joint venture, limited liability company or similar entity, in which such Person or a subsidiary of such Person is, at the date of determination, in the case of a partnership, a general or limited partner of such partnership, and, in the case of each of the foregoing entities, is entitled to receive more than 50 percent of the assets of such entity upon its dissolution.

“Subsidiary Guarantee” means a Guarantee by a Subsidiary Guarantor of the Company’s Obligations pursuant to Article X hereof.

“Treasury Management Arrangement” means any agreement or other arrangement governing the provision of treasury or cash management services, including deposit accounts, overdraft, credit or debit card, funds transfer, automated clearinghouse, zero balance accounts, returned check concentration, controlled disbursement, lockbox, account reconciliation and reporting and trade finance services and other cash management services.

“Treasury Rate” means the yield to maturity at the time of computation of United States Treasury securities with a constant maturity (as compiled and published in the most recent Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15 (519) which has become publicly available at least two Business Days prior to the date fixed for redemption (or, if such Statistical Release is no longer published, any publicly available source of similar market data)) most nearly equal to the period from the Redemption Date to August 15, 2018; provided, however, that if such period is not equal to the constant maturity of a United States Treasury security for which a weekly average yield is given, the Company shall obtain the Treasury Rate by linear interpolation (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth of a year) from the weekly average yields of United States Treasury securities for which such yields are given, except that if the period from the Redemption Date to August 15, 2018 is less than one year, the weekly average yield on actually traded United States Treasury securities adjusted to a constant maturity of one year shall be used.  The Company will (a) calculate the Treasury Rate on the second Business Day preceding the applicable Redemption Date and (b) prior to such Redemption Date file with the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the Make Whole Premium and the Treasury Rate and showing the calculation of each in reasonable detail.

“Trust Indenture Act” or “TIA” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as in force at the Issue Date; provided, however, that in the event the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is amended after such date, “Trust Indenture Act” or “TIA” means, to the extent required by any such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as so amended.

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“Trustee” means the Person named as the “Trustee” in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Trustee” shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder.

“Trust Officer” means the Chairman of the Board, the President or any other officer or assistant officer of the Trustee assigned by the Trustee to administer its corporate trust matters.

“Unrestricted Definitive Security” means one or more Definitive Securities that do not bear and are not required to bear the Private Placement Legend.

“Unrestricted Global Security” means a permanent Global Security substantially in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto that bears the Global Security Legend and, if applicable, the OID Legend, and that has the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Security” attached thereto, and that is deposited with or on behalf of and registered in the name of the Depositary, representing a series of Securities that do not bear the Private Placement Legend.

“Unrestricted Security” means either an Unrestricted Definitive Security or an Unrestricted Global Security.

“Unrestricted Subsidiary” means (i) HK TMS, LLC and any Subsidiary thereof, and (ii) any Subsidiary of the Company (and any Subsidiary thereof) that is designated by the Board of Directors as an Unrestricted Subsidiary pursuant to a Board Resolution, but only to the extent that such Subsidiary:

(1)                                 has no Indebtedness other than Non-Recourse Debt;

(2)                                 is not party to any agreement, contract, arrangement or understanding with the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company unless the terms of any such agreement, contract, arrangement or understanding are no less favorable to the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary than those that might be obtained at the time from Persons who are not Affiliates of the Company;

(3)                                 is a Person with respect to which neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has any obligation (a) to subscribe for additional Equity Interests or (b) to maintain or preserve such Person’s financial condition or to cause such Person to achieve any specified levels of operating results; and

(4)                                 has not Guaranteed or otherwise directly or indirectly provided credit support for any Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.

The Board of Directors may designate any Restricted Subsidiary to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary if that designation is in compliance with the next succeeding sentence and would not otherwise cause a Default.  If a Restricted Subsidiary is designated as an Unrestricted Subsidiary, such designation shall be deemed an Investment in the Subsidiary so designated and all outstanding Investments owned by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the Subsidiary so designated, shall be valued at their Fair Market Value at the time of such designation for purposes of determining compliance with Section 4.4 hereof; provided, however, that such

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covenant need not be complied with if the Subsidiary to be so designated has total assets of $1,000 or less.  That designation will only be permitted if such Restricted Payment would be so permitted at that time and if such Restricted Subsidiary otherwise meets the definition of an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

Any designation of a Subsidiary of the Company as an Unrestricted Subsidiary shall be evidenced to the Trustee by filing with the Trustee a copy of the Board Resolution giving effect to such designation certified in an Officers’ Certificate that also certifies that such designation complied with the preceding conditions and was permitted by Section 4.4, in which case such designation shall be effective as of the date specified in such resolution hereof.  If, at any time, any Unrestricted Subsidiary would fail to meet the preceding requirements as an Unrestricted Subsidiary, it shall thereafter cease to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary for purposes of this Indenture and any Indebtedness of such Subsidiary shall be deemed to be incurred by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company as of such date and, if such Indebtedness is not permitted to be incurred as of such date under Section 4.3 hereof, the Company shall be in default of such covenant.

The Board of Directors of the Company may at any time designate any Unrestricted Subsidiary to be a Restricted Subsidiary; provided that such designation shall be deemed to be an incurrence of Indebtedness by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company of any outstanding Indebtedness of such Unrestricted Subsidiary and such designation shall only be permitted if (1) such Indebtedness is permitted under Section 4.3 hereof, calculated on a pro forma basis as if such designation had occurred at the beginning of the four-quarter reference period; and (2) no Default or Event of Default would be in existence following such designation.

“U.S. Person” means any U.S. person as defined for purposes of Regulation S.

“Volumetric Production Payments” mean production payment obligations recorded as deferred revenue in accordance with GAAP, together with all undertakings and obligations in connection therewith.

“Voting Stock” of any Person as of any date means the Capital Stock of such Person that is at the time entitled (without reference to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of the directors, managers or trustees of such Person.

“Weighted Average Life to Maturity” means, when applied to any Indebtedness at any date, the number of years obtained by dividing:

(1)                                 the sum of the products obtained by multiplying (a) the amount of each then remaining installment, sinking fund, serial maturity or other required payments of principal, including payment at final maturity, in respect thereof, by (b) the number of years (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth) that will elapse between such date and the making of such payment; by

(2)                                 the then outstanding principal amount of such Indebtedness.

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Section 1.2                                    Other Definitions

Section 1.3                                    [Reserved]

Section 1.4                                    Rules of Construction

Unless the context otherwise requires:

(1)         a term has the meaning assigned to it;

(2)         an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP;

(3)         “or” is not exclusive;

(4)         “including” means including without limitation;

(5)         words in the singular include the plural and words in the plural include the singular;

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(6)         unless otherwise indicated, all references to “Articles” or “Sections” are to Articles or Sections, as the case may be, of this Indenture;

(7)         references to sections of or rules under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act shall be deemed to include substitute, replacement or successor sections or rules adopted by the SEC from time to time;

(8)         references to any sections or rules of the Accounting Standards Codification  shall be deemed to include successor sections or rules adopted by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (or any successor thereto); and

(9)         “herein,” “hereof” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole (as amended or supplemented from time to time) and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.

ARTICLE II

THE SECURITIES

Section 2.1                                    Form and Dating

(a)         General.  The Securities and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto.  The notation of Subsidiary Guarantee shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit D hereto, and shall be notated on the Securities.  The Securities may have notations, legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange rule or usage.  Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication.  The Securities shall be in minimum denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof.  The terms and provisions contained in the Securities shall constitute, and are hereby expressly made, a part of this Indenture and the Company, the Guarantors and the Trustee, by their execution and delivery of this Indenture, expressly agree to such terms and provisions and to be bound thereby.  However, to the extent any provision of any Security or any Guarantee conflicts with the express provisions of this Indenture, the provisions of this Indenture (to the extent permitted by law) shall govern and be controlling.

(b)         Global Securities.  Securities issued in global form shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto (including the Global Security Legend thereon and the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Security” attached thereto).  Securities issued in definitive form shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto (but without the Global Security Legend thereon and without the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Security” attached thereto).  Each Global Security shall represent such of the outstanding Securities as shall be specified therein, and each shall provide that it shall represent the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Securities from time to time endorsed thereon and that the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Securities represented thereby may from time to time be reduced or increased, as appropriate, to reflect exchanges and redemptions.  Any endorsement of a Global Security to reflect the amount of any increase or decrease in the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Securities represented thereby shall be made by the Trustee or the

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Securities Custodian, at the direction of the Trustee, in accordance with instructions given by the Holder thereof as required by Section 2.6 hereof.

(c)          Regulation S Global Securities.  Any Securities offered and sold in reliance on Regulation S shall be issued initially in the form of a Regulation S Global Security, which shall be deposited on behalf of the purchasers of the Securities represented thereby with the Securities Custodian, and registered in the name of the Depositary or the nominee of the Depositary for the accounts of designated agents holding on behalf of Euroclear or Clearstream, duly executed by the Company and authenticated by the Trustee as hereinafter provided.  Prior to the expiration of the Restricted Period, any resale or transfer of beneficial interests in a Regulation S Global Security to U.S. Persons shall not be permitted unless such resale or transfer is made pursuant to Rule 144A or Regulation S.

(d)         144A Global Securities. Any Securities offered and sold in reliance on Rule 144A shall be issued initially in the form of a 144A Global Security, which shall be deposited on behalf of the purchasers of the Securities represented thereby with the Securities Custodian, and registered in the name of the Depositary or the nominee of the Depositary, duly executed by the Company and authenticated by the Trustee as hereinafter provided.

(e)          Definitive Securities.  Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 2.1, any issuance of Definitive Securities shall be at the Company’s discretion, except in the circumstances set forth in Section 2.6(a) hereof.

Section 2.2                                    Execution and Authentication

An Officer shall sign the Securities for the Company by manual or facsimile signature.  One Officer shall sign each notation of Subsidiary Guarantee for each Guarantor by manual or facsimile signature.

If an Officer whose facsimile signature is on a Security no longer holds that office at the time the Trustee authenticates the Security, the Security shall be valid nevertheless.

A Security shall not be valid until an authorized signatory of the Trustee manually authenticates the Security.  The signature of the Trustee on a Security shall be conclusive evidence that such Security has been duly and validly authenticated and issued under this Indenture.

The Trustee shall authenticate and deliver: (i) Initial Securities for original issue in an aggregate principal amount of $112,826,000 and (ii) if and when issued, Additional Securities (which may be issued in either a registered or a private offering under the Securities Act), in each case upon a written order of the Company signed by one Officer of the Company.  Such order shall specify the amount of the Securities to be authenticated and the date on which the original issue of Securities is to be authenticated and whether the Securities are to be in global or definitive form and whether they are to bear the Private Placement Legend.  The Company may issue Additional Securities under this Indenture subsequent to the Issue Date, subject to Section 4.3 and Section 4.5 of this Indenture.

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The Trustee may appoint an agent (the “Authenticating Agent”) reasonably acceptable to the Company to authenticate the Securities.  Unless limited by the terms of such appointment, any such Authenticating Agent may authenticate Securities whenever the Trustee may do so.  Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent.

Section 2.3                                    Registrar and Paying Agent

The Company shall at all times maintain in the continental United States an office or agency where Securities may be presented for registration of transfer or for exchange (the “Registrar”), and it shall likewise maintain in the City of New York, the State of New York an office or agency where Securities may be presented for payment (the “Paying Agent”).  The Registrar shall keep a register of the Securities and of their transfer and exchange.  The Company may have one or more co-registrars and one or more additional paying agents.  The term “Registrar” includes any co-registrar, and the term “Paying Agent” includes any such additional paying agent.

The Company or any of its Subsidiaries may act as Paying Agent, subject to the provisions of Section 4.14.  Any Paying Agent or Registrar may resign as such upon 30 days’ prior written notice to the Company and the Trustee; upon resignation of any Paying Agent or Registrar, the Company shall appoint a successor Paying Agent or Registrar, as the case may be, complying with the requirements of this Section 2.3, no later than 30 days thereafter and shall provide notice to the Trustee of such successor Paying Agent or Registrar.

If at any time there shall be no Paying Agent with an office or agency in the City of New York, State of New York, where the Securities may be presented or surrendered for payment, the Company shall forthwith designate such a Paying Agent in order that the Securities shall at all times be payable in the City of New York, the State of New York.

The Company initially appoints U.S. Bank National Association as Registrar and Paying Agent for the Securities.

The immunities, protections and exculpations available to the Trustee under this Indenture shall also be available to each Agent, and the Company’s obligations under Section 7.7 to compensate and indemnify the Trustee shall extend likewise to each Agent.

Section 2.4                                    Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust

By at least 11:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the date on which any principal, premium, if any, or interest on any Security is due and payable, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay such principal, premium, if any, and interest when due.  The Company shall require each Paying Agent (other than the Trustee) to agree in writing that such Paying Agent shall hold in trust for the benefit of Holders or the Trustee all money held by such Paying Agent for the payment of principal, premium, if any, and interest (if any) on the Securities and shall notify the Trustee of any default by the Company in making any such payment.  If the Company or a Subsidiary acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate the money held by it as Paying Agent and hold it as a separate trust fund.  The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent (other than the Trustee) to pay all money held by it to the Trustee and to

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account for any funds disbursed by such Paying Agent.  Upon complying with this Section 2.4, the Paying Agent (if other than the Company or a Subsidiary) shall have no further liability for the money delivered to the Trustee.

Section 2.5                                    Holder Lists

The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Holders.  If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee, in writing at least seven Business Days before each Interest Payment Date and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, a list in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of Holders.

Section 2.6                                    Transfer and Exchange

(a)         Transfer and Exchange of Global Securities.  A Global Security may not be transferred as a whole except by the Depositary to a nominee of the Depositary, by a nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or to another nominee of the Depositary, or by the Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary or a nominee of such successor Depositary.  Owners of beneficial interests in Global Securities shall not be entitled to receive Definitive Securities unless:

(1)         the Company delivers to the Trustee and the Registrar notice from the Depositary that it is unwilling or unable to continue to act as Depositary or that it is no longer a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and, in either case, a successor Depositary is not appointed by the Company within 90 days; or

(2)         there has occurred and is continuing an Event of Default and the Depositary notifies the Trustee and the Registrar of its decision to exchange the Global Securities for Definitive Securities; provided that in no event shall the Regulation S Global Security be exchanged by the Company for Definitive Securities prior to the expiration of the Restricted Period.

Upon the occurrence of either of the preceding events in (1) or (2) above, Definitive Securities shall be issued in such names as the Depositary shall instruct the Trustee and the Registrar.  Global Securities also may be exchanged or replaced, in whole or in part, as provided in Section 2.7 hereof.  Every Security authenticated and delivered in exchange for, or in lieu of, a Global Security or any portion thereof, pursuant to this Section 2.6 or Section 2.7 hereof, shall be authenticated and delivered in the form of, and shall be, a Global Security.  A Global Security may not be exchanged for another Security other than as provided in this Section 2.6(a); however, beneficial interests in a Global Security may be transferred and exchanged as provided in Section 2.6(b), (c) or (f) hereof.

(b)         Transfer and Exchange of Beneficial Interests in the Global Securities.  The transfer and exchange of beneficial interests in the Global Securities shall be effected through the Depositary, in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture and the Applicable Procedures.  Beneficial interests in the Restricted Global Securities shall be subject to restrictions on transfer comparable to those set forth herein, including those set forth in the Private Placement Legend,

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to the extent required by the Securities Act.  Transfers of beneficial interests in the Global Securities also shall require compliance with either subparagraph (1) or (2) below, as applicable, as well as one or more of the other following provisions of this Section 2.6, as applicable:

(1)         Transfer of Beneficial Interests in the Same Global Security.  Beneficial interests in any Restricted Global Security may be transferred to Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in the same Restricted Global Security in accordance with the transfer restrictions set forth in the Private Placement Legend; provided, however, that prior to the expiration of the Restricted Period, (A) transfers of beneficial interests in the Regulation S Global Security may not be to a U.S. Person or for the account or benefit of a U.S. Person (other than an initial purchaser or underwriter) and (B) such beneficial interests may be held only through Euroclear or Clearstream (as Indirect Participants in the Depositary).  Beneficial interests in such Unrestricted Global Security may be transferred to Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Security.  No written orders or instructions shall be required to be delivered to the Registrar to effect the transfers described in the preceding sentence of this Section 2.6(b)(1).

(2)         All Other Transfers and Exchanges of Beneficial Interests in Global Securities.  In connection with all transfers and exchanges of beneficial interests that are not subject to Section 2.6(b)(1) above, the transferor of such beneficial interest must deliver to the Registrar either:

(A)       (i)             a written order from a Participant or an Indirect Participant given to the Depositary in accordance with the Applicable Procedures directing the Depositary to credit or cause to be credited a beneficial interest in another Global Security in an amount equal to the beneficial interest to be transferred or exchanged; and

(ii)          instructions given in accordance with the Applicable Procedures containing information regarding the Participant account to be credited with such increase; or

(B)       (i)             a written order from a Participant or an Indirect Participant given to the Depositary in accordance with the Applicable Procedures directing the Depositary to cause to be issued a Definitive Security in an amount equal to the beneficial interest to be transferred or exchanged; and

(ii)          instructions given by the Depositary to the Registrar containing information regarding the Person in whose name such Definitive Security shall be registered to effect the transfer or exchange referred to in Section 2.6(b)(2)(B)(i) above; provided that in no event shall Definitive Securities be issued upon the transfer or exchange of beneficial interests in the Regulation S Global Security prior to the expiration of the Restricted Period.

Upon satisfaction of all of the requirements for transfer or exchange of beneficial interests in Global Securities contained in this Indenture, the Securities or otherwise applicable under the Securities Act, the principal amount of the relevant Global Security(s) shall be adjusted pursuant to Section 2.6(g) hereof.

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(3)         Transfer of Beneficial Interests to Another Restricted Global Security.  A beneficial interest in any Restricted Global Security may be transferred to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in another Restricted Global Security if the transfer complies with the requirements of Section 2.6(b)(2) above and the Registrar receives the following:

(A)       if the transferee will take delivery in the form of a beneficial interest in the 144A Global Security, then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof; and

(B)       if the transferee will take delivery in the form of a beneficial interest in the Regulation S Global Security, then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof, and if such transfer occurs prior to the expiration of the Restricted Period, then the transferee must hold such beneficial interest through either Euroclear or Clearstream (as Indirect Participants in the Depositary).

(4)         Transfer and Exchange of Beneficial Interests in a Restricted Global Security for Beneficial Interests in the Unrestricted Global Security.  A beneficial interest in any Restricted Global Security may be exchanged by any holder thereof for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Security or transferred to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Security if the exchange or transfer complies with the requirements of Section 2.6(b)(2) above and the Registrar receives the following:

(A)       if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Security proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Security, a certificate from such holder in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(a) thereof; or

(B)       if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Security proposes to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Security, a certificate from such holder in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (4) thereof;

and, in each such case, if the Registrar so requests or if the Applicable Procedures so require, an Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Registrar to the effect that such exchange or transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act and state “blue sky” laws and that the restrictions on transfer contained herein and in the Private Placement Legend are no longer required in order to maintain compliance with the Securities Act.

Beneficial interests in an Unrestricted Global Security cannot be exchanged for, or transferred to Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of, a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Security.

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(c)          Transfer or Exchange of Beneficial Interests for Definitive Securities.

(1)         Beneficial Interests in Restricted Global Securities to Restricted Definitive Securities.  If any holder of a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Security proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a Restricted Definitive Security or to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a Restricted Definitive Security, then, upon receipt by the Registrar of the following documentation:

(A)       if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Security proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a Restricted Definitive Security, a certificate from such holder in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (2)(a) thereof;

(B)       if such beneficial interest is being transferred to a QIB in accordance with Rule 144A, a certificate to the effect set forth in Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof; or

(C)       if such beneficial interest is being transferred to a non-U.S. Person in an offshore transaction in accordance with Rule 904, a certificate to the effect set forth in Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof,

the Registrar shall cause the aggregate principal amount of the applicable Global Security to be reduced accordingly pursuant to Section 2.6(g) hereof, and the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Person designated in the instructions a Definitive Security in the appropriate principal amount.  Any Definitive Security issued in exchange for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Security pursuant to this Section 2.6(c) shall be registered in such name or names and in such authorized denomination or denominations as the holder of such beneficial interest shall instruct the Registrar through instructions from the Depositary and the Participant or Indirect Participant.  The Trustee shall deliver such Definitive Securities to the Persons in whose names such Securities are so registered.  Any Definitive Security issued in exchange for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Security pursuant to this Section 2.6(c)(1) shall bear the Private Placement Legend and shall be subject to all restrictions on transfer contained therein.  Notwithstanding Sections 2.6(c)(1)(A) and (C) hereof, a beneficial interest in the Regulation S Global Security may not be exchanged for a Definitive Security or transferred to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a Definitive Security prior to the expiration of the Restricted Period, except in the case of a transfer pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act other than Rule 903 or Rule 904.

(2)         Beneficial Interests in Restricted Global Securities to Unrestricted Definitive Securities.  A holder of a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Security may exchange such beneficial interest for an Unrestricted Definitive Security or may transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Security only if the Registrar receives the following:

(A)       if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Security proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for an Unrestricted Definitive Security, a

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certificate from such holder in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(b) thereof; or

(B)       if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Security proposes to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Security, a certificate from such holder in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (4) thereof;

and, in each such case, if the Registrar so requests or if the Applicable Procedures so require, an Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Registrar to the effect that such exchange or transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act and state “blue sky” laws and that the restrictions on transfer contained herein and in the Private Placement Legend are no longer required in order to maintain compliance with the Securities Act.

(3)         Beneficial Interests in Unrestricted Global Securities to Unrestricted Definitive Securities.  If any holder of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Security proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a Definitive Security or to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a Definitive Security, then, upon satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 2.6(b)(2) hereof, the Registrar shall cause the aggregate principal amount of the applicable Global Security to be reduced accordingly pursuant to Section 2.6(g) hereof, and the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Person designated in the instructions a Definitive Security in the appropriate principal amount.  Any Definitive Security issued in exchange for a beneficial interest pursuant to this Section 2.6(c)(3) shall be registered in such name or names and in such authorized denomination or denominations as the holder of such beneficial interest shall instruct the Registrar through instructions from the Depositary and the Participant or Indirect Participant.  The Trustee shall deliver such Definitive Securities to the Persons in whose names such Securities are so registered.  Any Definitive Security issued in exchange for a beneficial interest pursuant to this Section 2.6(c)(3) shall not bear the Private Placement Legend.

(d)         Transfer and Exchange of Definitive Securities for Beneficial Interests.

(1)         Restricted Definitive Securities to Beneficial Interests in Restricted Global Securities.  If any Holder of a Restricted Definitive Security proposes to exchange such Security for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Security or to transfer such Restricted Definitive Security to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Security, then, upon receipt by the Registrar of the following documentation:

(A)                   if the Holder of such Restricted Definitive Security proposes to exchange such Security for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Security, a certificate from such Holder in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (2)(b) thereof;

(B)                   if such Restricted Definitive Security is being transferred to a QIB in accordance with Rule 144A, a certificate to the effect set forth in Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof; or

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(C)                   if such Restricted Definitive Security is being transferred to a non-U.S. Person in an offshore transaction in accordance with Rule 904, a certificate to the effect set forth in Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof,

the Trustee shall cancel the Restricted Definitive Security, the Registrar shall increase or cause to be increased the aggregate principal amount of, in the case of clause (A) above, the appropriate Restricted Global Security, in the case of clause (B) above, the 144A Global Security, and in the case of clause (C) above, the Regulation S Global Security.

(2)         Restricted Definitive Securities to Beneficial Interests in Unrestricted Global Securities.  A Holder of a Restricted Definitive Security may exchange such Security for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Security or transfer such Restricted Definitive Security to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Security only if the Registrar receives the following:

(A)       if the Holder of such Definitive Securities proposes to exchange such Securities for a beneficial interest in the Unrestricted Global Security, a certificate from such Holder in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(c) thereof; or

(B)       if the Holder of such Definitive Securities proposes to transfer such Securities to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in the Unrestricted Global Security, a certificate from such Holder in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (4) thereof;

and, in each such case, if the Registrar so requests or if the Applicable Procedures so require, an Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Registrar to the effect that such exchange or transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act and state “blue sky” laws and that the restrictions on transfer contained herein and in the Private Placement Legend are no longer required in order to maintain compliance with the Securities Act.

Upon satisfaction of the conditions of any of the subparagraphs in this Section 2.6(d)(2), the Trustee shall cancel the Definitive Securities and the Registrar shall increase or cause to be increased the aggregate principal amount of the Unrestricted Global Security.

(3)         Unrestricted Definitive Securities to Beneficial Interests in Unrestricted Global Securities.  A Holder of an Unrestricted Definitive Security may exchange such Security for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Security or transfer such Definitive Security to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Security at any time.  Upon receipt of a request for such an exchange or transfer, the Trustee shall cancel the applicable Unrestricted Definitive Security and the Registrar shall increase or cause to be increased the aggregate principal amount of one of the Unrestricted Global Securities.

If any such exchange or transfer from a Definitive Security to a beneficial interest is effected pursuant to subparagraph (2) or (3) above at a time when an Unrestricted Global Security has not yet been issued, the Company shall issue and, upon receipt of an Authentication

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Order in accordance with Section 2.2 hereof, the Trustee shall authenticate one or more Unrestricted Global Securities in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of Definitive Securities so transferred.

(e)          Transfer and Exchange of Definitive Securities for Definitive Securities.  Upon request by a Holder of Definitive Securities and such Holder’s compliance with the provisions of this Section 2.6(e), the Registrar shall register the transfer or exchange of Definitive Securities.  Prior to such registration of transfer or exchange, the requesting Holder shall present or surrender to the Registrar the Definitive Securities duly endorsed or accompanied by a written instruction of transfer in form satisfactory to the Registrar duly executed by such Holder or by its attorney, duly authorized in writing.  In addition, the requesting Holder shall provide any additional certifications, documents and information, as applicable, required pursuant to the following provisions of this Section 2.6(e).

(1)         Restricted Definitive Securities to Restricted Definitive Securities.  Any Restricted Definitive Security may be transferred to and registered in the name of Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of a Restricted Definitive Security if the Registrar receives the following:

(A)                   if the transfer will be made pursuant to Rule 144A, then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof;

(B)                   if the transfer will be made pursuant to Rule 904, then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof; and

(C)                   if the transfer will be made pursuant to any other exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications required by item (3) thereof.

(2)         Restricted Definitive Securities to Unrestricted Definitive Securities.  Any Restricted Definitive Security may be exchanged by the Holder thereof for an Unrestricted Definitive Security or transferred to a Person or Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Security if the Registrar receives the following:

(A)       if the Holder of such Restricted Definitive Securities proposes to exchange such Securities for an Unrestricted Definitive Security, a certificate from such Holder in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(d) thereof; or

(B)       if the Holder of such Restricted Definitive Security proposes to transfer such Securities to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Security, a certificate from such Holder in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (4) thereof;

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and, in each such case, if the Registrar so requests, an Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Registrar to the effect that such exchange or transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act and state “blue sky” laws and that the restrictions on transfer contained herein and in the Private Placement Legend are no longer required in order to maintain compliance with the Securities Act.

(3)         Unrestricted Definitive Securities to Unrestricted Definitive Securities.  A Holder of Unrestricted Definitive Securities may transfer such Securities to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Security.  Upon receipt of a request to register such a transfer, the Registrar shall register the Unrestricted Definitive Security pursuant to the instructions from the Holder thereof.

(f)           Legends.  The following legends shall appear on the face of all Global Securities and Definitive Securities issued under this Indenture unless specifically stated otherwise in the applicable provisions of this Indenture.

(1)         Private Placement Legend.

(A)                   Except as permitted by subparagraph (B) below or as otherwise agreed between the Company and the Holder, each Global Security and each Definitive Security (and all Securities issued in exchange therefor or substitution thereof) shall bear a legend, until the Resale Restriction Termination Date, in substantially the following form:

“THE SECURITY (OR ITS PREDECESSOR) EVIDENCED HEREBY WAS ORIGINALLY ISSUED IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION UNDER SECTION 5 OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND THE SECURITY EVIDENCED HEREBY MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR AN APPLICABLE EXEMPTION THEREFROM. EACH PURCHASER OF THE SECURITY EVIDENCED HEREBY IS HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE SELLER MAY BE RELYING ON THE EXEMPTION FROM THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 5 OF THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144A THEREUNDER. THE HOLDER OF THE SECURITY EVIDENCED HEREBY AGREES FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE ISSUERS THAT (A) SUCH SECURITY MAY BE RESOLD, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED, ONLY (1)(a) INSIDE THE UNITED STATES TO A PERSON WHO THE SELLER REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT) PURCHASING FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER IN A TRANSACTION MEETING THE REQUIREMENTS OF RULE

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144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (b) OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES TO A FOREIGN PERSON IN A TRANSACTION MEETING THE REQUIREMENTS OF RULE 903 OR RULE 904 OF REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (c) PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144 THEREUNDER (IF APPLICABLE) OR (d) IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANOTHER EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT (AND BASED UPON AN OPINION OF COUNSEL ACCEPTABLE TO THE ISSUERS IF THE ISSUERS SO REQUEST), (2) TO THE ISSUERS OR (3) PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT AND, IN EACH CASE, IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OF THE UNITED STATES OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE JURISDICTION AND (B) THE HOLDER WILL, AND EACH SUBSEQUENT HOLDER IS REQUIRED TO, NOTIFY ANY PURCHASER OF THE SECURITY EVIDENCED HEREBY OF THE RESALE RESTRICTIONS SET FORTH IN CLAUSE (A) ABOVE. NO REPRESENTATION CAN BE MADE AS TO THE AVAILABILITY OF THE EXEMPTION PROVIDED BY RULE 144 FOR RESALE OF THE SECURITY EVIDENCED HEREBY.”

(B)                   Notwithstanding the foregoing, any Global Security or Definitive Security issued pursuant to subparagraph (b)(4), (c)(2), (c)(3), (d)(2), (d)(3), (e)(2) or (e)(3) of this Section 2.6 (and all Securities issued in exchange therefor or substitution thereof) shall not bear the Private Placement Legend. The Company, acting in its discretion, may remove the Private Placement Legend from any Restricted Security at any time on or after the Resale Restriction Termination Date applicable to such Restricted Security. Without limiting the generality of the preceding sentence,  the Company may effect such removal by issuing and delivering, in exchange for such Restricted Security, an Unrestricted Security, registered to the same Holder and in an equal principal amount, and, notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 2.6,  upon receipt of a written order of the Company given at least three Business Days in advance of the proposed date of exchange specified therein (which shall be no earlier than the Resale Restriction Termination Date), the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver such Unrestricted Security as directed in such order.

(2)         Global Security Legend.  Each Global Security shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

“THIS GLOBAL SECURITY IS HELD BY THE DEPOSITARY (AS DEFINED IN THE INDENTURE GOVERNING THIS SECURITY) OR ITS NOMINEE IN CUSTODY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE BENEFICIAL

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OWNERS HEREOF, AND IS NOT TRANSFERABLE TO ANY PERSON UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES EXCEPT THAT (I) THE REGISTRAR MAY MAKE SUCH NOTATIONS HEREON AS MAY BE REQUIRED PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.6 OF THE INDENTURE, (II) THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE BUT NOT IN PART PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.6(a) OF THE INDENTURE AND (III) THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY BE DELIVERED TO THE TRUSTEE FOR CANCELLATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.10 OF THE INDENTURE.

UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR SECURITIES IN DEFINITIVE FORM, THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY THE DEPOSITARY TO A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY TO THE DEPOSITARY OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY THE DEPOSITARY OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY.  UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY (55 ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇) (“DTC”) TO THE COMPANY OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR SUCH OTHER NAME AS MAY BE REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS MAY BE REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.”

(3)         OID Legend.  Each Global Security and each Definitive Security (and all Securities issued in exchange therefor or substitution thereof), unless not required in the Company’s reasonable determination, shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

“SOLELY FOR UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES, THIS NOTE MAY BE TREATED AS ISSUED WITH ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT (“OID”). UPON REQUEST, THE COMPANY WILL PROMPTLY MAKE AVAILABLE TO A HOLDER OF THIS NOTE INFORMATION REGARDING THE ISSUE PRICE, THE AMOUNT OF OID,

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THE ISSUE DATE AND THE YIELD TO MATURITY OF THIS NOTE. HOLDERS SHOULD CONTACT THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER AT ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇.”

(g)          Cancellation and/or Adjustment of Global Securities.  At such time as all beneficial interests in a particular Global Security have been exchanged for Definitive Securities or a particular Global Security has been redeemed, repurchased or canceled in whole and not in part, each such Global Security shall be returned to or retained and canceled by the Trustee in accordance with Section 2.10 hereof.  At any time prior to such cancellation, if any beneficial interest in a Global Security is exchanged for or transferred to a Person who will take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in another Global Security or for Definitive Securities, the principal amount of Securities represented by such Global Security shall be reduced accordingly and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Security by the Trustee or by the Securities Custodian at the direction of the Trustee to reflect such reduction; and if the beneficial interest is being exchanged for or transferred to a Person who will take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in another Global Security, such other Global Security shall be increased accordingly and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Security by the Trustee or by the Securities Custodian at the direction of the Trustee to reflect such increase.

(h)         General Provisions Relating to Transfers and Exchanges.

(1)         To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate Global Securities and Definitive Securities upon the Company’s order or at the Registrar’s request.

(2)         No service charge shall be made to a holder of a beneficial interest in a Global Security or to a Holder of a Definitive Security for any registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or similar governmental charge or other fee required by law and payable in connection therewith (other than any such transfer taxes or similar governmental charge payable upon exchange or transfer pursuant to Sections 2.9 , 3.6, 3.7, 4.7 and 4.11 hereof).

(3)         All Global Securities and Definitive Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Global Securities or Definitive Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Global Securities or Definitive Securities surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

(4)         None of the Company, the Trustee or the Registrar shall be required (A) to issue, to register the transfer of or to exchange any Securities during a period of 15 days before the day of any selection of Securities for redemption under Section 3.2 hereof and ending at the close of business on the day of selection, (B) to register the transfer of or to exchange any Securities so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Security being redeemed in part or (C) to register the transfer of or to exchange a Security between a record date and the next succeeding Interest Payment Date.

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(5)         Prior to the due presentation for registration of transfer of any Security, the Company, each Guarantor, the Trustee, the Paying Agent or the Registrar may deem and treat the Person in whose name a Security is registered as the absolute owner of such Security for the purpose of receiving payment of principal, interest and premium (if any) on such Security and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Security is overdue, and none of the Company, the Trustee, the Paying Agent or the Registrar shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

(6)         The Trustee shall authenticate Global Securities and Definitive Securities upon receipt of a written order of the Company and in accordance with the other provisions of Section 2.2 hereof.

(7)         All certifications, certificates and Opinions of Counsel required to be submitted to the Registrar pursuant to this Section 2.6 to effect a registration of transfer or exchange may be submitted by facsimile.

Section 2.7                                    Replacement Securities

If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Registrar or the Company and the Registrar receive evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security, the Company will issue and the Trustee, upon receipt of a written order of the Company conforming to Section 2.2 hereof, will authenticate a replacement Security if the Registrar’s and the Company’s reasonable requirements are met.  If required by the Registrar or the Company, an indemnity bond must be supplied by the Holder that is sufficient in the judgment of the Registrar, the Trustee and the Company to protect the Company, the Trustee, the Registrar, any other Agent and any Authenticating Agent from any loss that any of them may suffer if a Security is replaced.

Every replacement Security is an additional obligation of the Company and will be entitled to all of the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with all other Securities duly issued hereunder.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section, rather than authenticating and delivering a replacement Security for a mutilated, destroyed, loss or stolen Security which has been redeemed or the principal of which has matured, the Company or the Paying Agent may make payment of the amount due on such security to the Holder upon receipt of the above-described indemnity bond.

Section 2.8                                    Outstanding Securities

The Securities outstanding at any time are all the Securities authenticated by the Trustee except for those canceled by it, those delivered to it for cancellation, those reductions in the interest in a Global Security effected by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions hereof, and those described in this Section as not outstanding.  Except as set forth in Section 11.6 hereof, a Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Company or an Affiliate of the Company holds the Security.

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If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.7 hereof, it ceases to be outstanding unless the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Security is held by a protected purchaser.

If the principal amount of any Security is considered paid under Section 4.1 hereof, it ceases to be outstanding and interest on it ceases to accrue.

If the Paying Agent (other than the Company, a Subsidiary or an Affiliate of any thereof) holds, on a Redemption Date or maturity date, money sufficient to pay Securities payable on that date, then on and after that date such Securities will be deemed to be no longer outstanding and will cease to accrue interest.

Section 2.9                                    Temporary Securities

Until Definitive Securities are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary Securities.  Temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of Definitive Securities but may have variations that the Company considers appropriate for temporary Securities.  Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate Definitive Securities in exchange for temporary Securities.  Holders of temporary Securities shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as a holder of Definitive Securities.

Section 2.10                             Cancellation

The Company at any time may deliver Securities to the Trustee or any Registrar for cancellation.  The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Securities surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange or payment.  The Trustee or the Registrar and no one else shall cancel and destroy (subject to the record retention requirements of the Exchange Act) all Securities surrendered for registration of transfer, exchange, payment, replacement or cancellation and deliver a certificate of such destruction to the Company unless the Company directs the Trustee and the Registrar to deliver canceled Securities to the Company.  The Company may not issue new Securities to replace Securities it has redeemed, paid or delivered to the Trustee or the Registrar for cancellation.

Section 2.11                             Defaulted Interest

If the Company defaults in a payment of interest (“Defaulted Interest”) on the Securities, the Company shall pay Defaulted Interest (as provided in Section 4.1) in any lawful manner.  The Company may pay the Defaulted Interest to the Persons who are Holders on a subsequent special record date.  The Company shall fix or cause to be fixed (or upon the Company’s failure to do so the Trustee shall fix pursuant to a written instruction of Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the Securities) any such special record date and payment date to the reasonable satisfaction of the Trustee which special record date shall not be less than 10 days prior to the payment date for such Defaulted Interest and the Company, or at the Company’s request, the Trustee, shall promptly mail or cause to be mailed to each Holder a notice that states the special record date, the payment date and the amount of Defaulted Interest to be paid.  The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid on each Security and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Company

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shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when so deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as provided in this Section 2.11.

Section 2.12                             CUSIP Numbers

The Company in issuing the Securities may use “CUSIP,” “ISIN” or similar numbers (if then generally in use) and, if so, the Trustee shall use such numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders; provided, however, that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers.

ARTICLE III

REDEMPTION

Section 3.1                                    Notices to Trustee

If the Company elects to redeem Securities pursuant to Section 3.7 or Section 4.11(i) hereof, it shall notify the Trustee in writing of the Redemption Date and the principal amount of Securities to be redeemed.

The Company shall give each notice to the Trustee and the Registrar provided for in this Section 3.1 at least 60 days before the Redemption Date unless the Trustee consents to a shorter period.  If such redemption is to be effected pursuant to Section 3.7(b) or Section 4.11(i), then such notice shall be accompanied by an Officers’ Certificate to the effect that such redemption will comply with the conditions therein.  If fewer than all the Securities are to be redeemed, the record date relating to such redemption shall be selected by the Company and set forth in the related notice given to the Trustee, which record date shall be not less than 15 days after the date of such notice.

Section 3.2                                    Selection of Securities to Be Redeemed

In the case of any partial redemption, selection of the Securities for redemption will be made by the Trustee in compliance with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange, if any, on which the Securities are listed or, if the Securities are not listed, then on a pro rata basis and in such manner as complies with applicable legal requirements.  The Trustee shall make the selection from outstanding Securities not previously called for redemption.  The Trustee may select for redemption portions of the principal of Securities that have denominations larger than $2,000.  Securities and portions of them the Trustee selects shall be in minimum amounts of $2,000 or a whole multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof.  Provisions of this Indenture that apply to Securities called for redemption also apply to portions of Securities called for redemption.  The Trustee shall notify the Company promptly of the Securities or portions of

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Securities to be redeemed.  The Trustee may rely upon information provided by the Registrar for purposes of this Section 3.2.

Section 3.3                                    Notice of Redemption

At least 30 days but not more than 60 days before a date for redemption of Securities, the Company shall mail a notice of redemption by first-class mail to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed at such Holder’s registered address; provided, however, notices of redemption may be mailed more than 60 days prior to a Redemption Date if the notice is issued in connection with the Company’s exercise of its legal defeasance or its covenant defeasance option in accordance with Section 8.1(b) or the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture in accordance with Section 8.1(a).

The notice shall identify the Securities to be redeemed and shall state:

(1)         the Redemption Date;

(2)         the Redemption Price (if then determined and otherwise the basis for its determination);

(3)         the name and address of the Paying Agent where Securities are to be surrendered;

(4)         that Securities called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the Redemption Price;

(5)         if fewer than all the outstanding Securities are to be redeemed, the identification and principal amounts of the particular Securities to be redeemed;

(6)         that, unless the Company defaults in making such redemption payment, interest on Securities (or portion thereof) called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after the Redemption Date;

(7)         the CUSIP, ISIN or similar number, if any, printed on the Securities being redeemed; and

(8)         that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP, ISIN or similar number, if any, listed in such notice or printed on the Securities.

At the Company’s request, the Trustee shall give the notice of redemption in the Company’s name and at the Company’s expense.  In such event, the Company shall provide the Trustee with the information required by this Section 3.3.

Section 3.4                                    Effect of Notice of Redemption

Once notice of redemption is mailed to Holders, Securities (or portions thereof) called for redemption become irrevocably due and payable on the Redemption Date and at the Redemption Price, subject to satisfaction of any condition permitted below.  A notice of redemption may not

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be conditional except that a notice of redemption to be made with proceeds of an Equity Offering under Section 3.7(b) may be conditioned on completion of such Equity Offering.  Upon surrender to the Paying Agent, such Securities shall be paid at the Redemption Price stated in the notice, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the Redemption Date; provided that if the Redemption Date is after the taking of a record of the Holders on a record date and on or prior to the related Interest Payment Date, the accrued and unpaid interest shall be payable to the Person in whose name the redeemed Securities are registered on such record date.  Failure to give notice or any defect in the notice to any Holder shall not affect the validity of the notice to any other Holder.

Section 3.5                                    Deposit of Redemption Price

No later than 11:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent (or, if the Company or a Subsidiary is the Paying Agent, shall segregate and hold in trust) money sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of and accrued and unpaid interest on all Securities to be redeemed on that date.  If the Company complies with the provisions of this paragraph, then on and after the Redemption Date, interest will cease to accrue on the Securities or the portions of Securities called for redemption.

Section 3.6                                    Securities Redeemed in Part

Upon cancellation of a Security that is redeemed in part, the Company shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate for the Holder (at the Company’s expense) a new Security equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Security surrendered.  The Trustee shall notify the Registrar of the issuance of such new Security.

Section 3.7                                    Optional Redemption

(a)         On and after August 15, 2018, the Company may redeem all or a part of the Securities at any time or from time to time at the following Redemption Prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) plus accrued and unpaid interest on the Securities, if any, to the applicable Redemption Date, if redeemed during the 12-month period beginning August 15 of the years indicated:

(b)         Prior to August 15, 2018, the Company may on one or more occasions redeem up to an aggregate amount equal to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the Securities (including Additional Securities) originally issued prior to the Redemption Date under this Indenture in an amount not greater than the Net Cash Proceeds of one or more Equity Offerings at a Redemption Price of 112.000% of the principal amount of the Securities, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the Redemption Date; provided, that  (i) at least 65% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities (including any Additional Securities) originally issued remains outstanding immediately after the occurrence of such redemption (excluding Securities held by the Company

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and its Subsidiaries) and (ii) each such redemption occurs within 180 days of the date of the closing of the related Equity Offering.

(c)          In addition, at any time prior to August 15, 2018, the Company may redeem all or part of the Securities at a Redemption Price equal to the sum of:

(i)                         the principal amount thereof, plus

(ii)                      the Make Whole Premium at the Redemption Date, plus

accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the Redemption Date.

(d)         Any redemption pursuant to this Section 3.7 shall be made pursuant to the provisions of Sections 3.1 through 3.6 hereof.

(e)          The Securities will not be redeemable at the option of the Company except as set forth in this Section 3.7 and in the final paragraph of Section 4.11.  The Company is not, however, prohibited from acquiring the Securities by means other than a redemption, whether pursuant to a tender offer, open market transactions or otherwise, so long as the acquisition does not otherwise violate the terms of this Indenture.

ARTICLE IV

COVENANTS

Section 4.1                                    Payment of Securities

The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of the Holders of the Securities that it shall promptly pay the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities on the dates and in the manner provided in the Securities and this Indenture.  Payments of principal, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities shall be deemed due for all purposes under this Indenture whether such payments are due at Stated Maturity, upon redemption, upon required repurchase pursuant to Section 4.7 or 4.11 hereof, upon declaration or otherwise.  Principal, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities shall be considered paid on the date due if by 11:00 a.m. (New York City time) on such date the Paying Agent holds in accordance with this Indenture money sufficient to pay all principal, premium, if any, and interest then due.

The Company will pay, to the extent lawful, interest (including post-petition interest in any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law) on overdue principal and premium, if any, at the rate then in effect on the Securities; it will pay, to the extent lawful, interest (including post-petition interest in any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law) on overdue installments of interest (without regard to any applicable grace periods), from time to time on demand at the same rate as on overdue principal.

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Section 4.2                                    SEC Reports

Whether or not required by the SEC, so long as any Securities are outstanding, the Company will furnish to the Holders of Securities, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations:

(1)         all quarterly and annual financial information that would be required to be contained in a filing with the SEC on Forms 10-Q and 10-K if the Company were required to file such Forms, including a section on “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and, with respect to the annual information only, a report on the annual financial statements by the Company’s certified independent public accountants; and

(2)         all current reports that would be required to be filed with the SEC on Form 8-K if the Company were required to file such reports.

If the Company has designated any of its Subsidiaries as Unrestricted Subsidiaries, then the quarterly and annual financial information required by the preceding paragraph shall include a reasonably detailed presentation, either on the face of the financial statements or in the footnotes thereto, and in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of the financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries separate from the financial condition and results of operations of the Unrestricted Subsidiaries of the Company.

In addition, whether or not required by the SEC, the Company will file a copy of all of the information and reports referred to in clause (1) and (2) above with the SEC for public availability within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations (unless the SEC will not accept such a filing).  Each such filing will be deemed to satisfy the Company’s obligation to furnish the filed information or report to the Holders.

In the event that any direct or indirect parent company of the Company becomes a guarantor of the Securities, the Company may satisfy its obligations in this covenant with respect to financial information relating to the Company by furnishing financial information relating to such parent company; provided that the same is accompanied by consolidating information that explains in reasonable detail the differences between the information relating to such parent, on the one hand, and the information relating to the Company and its Subsidiaries on a standalone basis, on the other hand.

In addition, the Company agrees that, for so long as any Securities remain outstanding and are “restricted securities” under Rule 144 under the Securities Act, if at any time it is not required to file with the SEC the reports required by the preceding paragraphs of this Section 4.2, it will furnish to beneficial owners of Securities and to prospective investors, upon request, the information required to be delivered pursuant to Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act.

Section 4.3                                    Incurrence of Indebtedness

(a)         The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create, incur, issue, assume, guarantee or otherwise become directly or

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indirectly liable, contingently or otherwise, with respect to (collectively, “incur”) any Indebtedness (including Acquired Debt); provided, however, that the Company and any Guarantor may incur Indebtedness (including Acquired Debt), if the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for the Company’s most recently ended four full fiscal quarters for which internal financial statements are available immediately preceding the date on which such additional Indebtedness is incurred would have been at least 2.0 to 1, determined on a pro forma basis (including a pro forma application of the Net Cash Proceeds therefrom), as if the additional Indebtedness had been incurred at the beginning of such four-quarter period.

(b)         The foregoing paragraph (a) of this Section 4.3 will not prohibit the incurrence of any of the following items of Indebtedness (collectively, “Permitted Indebtedness”):

(1)                     the incurrence by the Company and any Guarantor of Indebtedness under one or more Credit Facilities; provided that (a) with respect to Priority Lien Debt or Parity Lien Debt incurred under this clause (1)(a), the aggregate principal amount of all such Indebtedness outstanding at any time (with outstanding letters of credit being deemed to have a principal amount equal to the stated amount thereof) does not exceed  the greater of (i) $950.0 million, (ii) the Borrowing Base in effect at the time of incurrence if incurred under the Credit Agreement, and (iii) 30.0% of Modified ACNTA at the time of incurrence, and (b) with respect to all other Indebtedness under Credit Facilities incurred under this clause (1)(b), the aggregate principal amount of all such Indebtedness outstanding at any time does not exceed the greater of (i) $750.0 million and (ii) 30.0% of ACNTA as of the date of such incurrence;

(2)                     the incurrence by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries of Existing Indebtedness (other than Indebtedness described under clause (1), (3) or (6) of this paragraph (b));

(3)                     the incurrence by the Company and the Guarantors of Indebtedness represented by (a) the Initial Securities and the Subsidiary Guarantees, or (b) other Parity Lien Debt (including Additional Securities) in an aggregate amount at any time outstanding (together, with any Indebtedness incurred to refinance the foregoing) not to exceed $150.0 million less the principal amount of the Initial Securities;

(4)         the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness represented by Capital Lease Obligations, mortgage financings, industrial revenue bonds, purchase money obligations or other Indebtedness or preferred stock, or synthetic lease obligations, in each case, incurred for the purpose of financing all or any part of the purchase price or cost of design, development, construction, installation or improvement of property (real or personal and including Capital Stock), plant or equipment used in the business of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (in each case, whether through the direct purchase of such assets or the Equity Interests of any Person owning such assets), in an aggregate principal amount, taken together with Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness in respect thereof, not to exceed $50.0 million at any time outstanding;

(5)                     the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness in exchange for, or the Net Cash Proceeds of which are used to refund, refinance or replace, Indebtedness (other than intercompany Indebtedness) that was

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permitted by this Indenture to be incurred under paragraph (a) of this Section 4.3 covenant or clause (2), (3), (4) or (13) or this clause (5) of this paragraph (b);

(6)                     the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of intercompany Indebtedness between or among the Company and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided, however, that:

(A)       (i) if the Company is the obligor on such Indebtedness, such Indebtedness must be expressly subordinated to the prior payment in full in cash of all obligations with respect to the Securities, and (ii) if a Guarantor is the obligor of such Indebtedness, such Indebtedness must be expressly subordinated to the prior payment in full in cash of all obligations of such Guarantor with respect to its Subsidiary Guarantee, and

(B)       (i) any subsequent issuance or transfer of Equity Interests that results in any such Indebtedness being held by a Person other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary thereof and (ii) any sale or other transfer of any such Indebtedness to a Person that is not either the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary thereof, shall be deemed, in each case, to constitute an incurrence of such Indebtedness by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, that was not permitted by this clause;

(7)                     in-kind obligations relating to net oil and natural gas balancing positions arising in the ordinary course of business;

(8)                     the accrual of interest accretion or amortization of original issue discount, the payment of interest on any Indebtedness in the form of additional Indebtedness with the same terms, and the payment of dividends on Disqualified Stock, in the form of additional shares of the same class of Disqualified Stock;

(9)                     any obligations in respect of completion bonds, performance bonds, bid bonds, appeal bonds, surety bonds, bankers acceptances, letters of credit, insurance obligations or bonds and other similar bonds and obligations incurred by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in the ordinary course of business and any Guarantees or letters of credit functioning as or supporting any of the foregoing bonds or obligations;

(10)              any obligation (including deferred premiums) under Interest Rate Agreements, Currency Agreements and Commodity Agreements; provided, that such Interest Rate Agreements, Currency Agreements and Commodity Agreements are related to business transactions of the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries and are entered into for bona fide hedging purposes of the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors or senior management of the Company);

(11)              any obligation arising from agreements of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary providing for indemnification, Guarantee, adjustment of purchase price, holdback, contingency payment obligation based on the performance of the acquired or disposed asset or similar obligations, in each case, incurred or assumed in connection with the acquisition or disposition of any business, asset or Capital Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary;

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(12)              any obligation arising from the honoring by a bank or other financial institution of a check, draft or similar instrument drawn against insufficient funds in the ordinary course of business, provided, however, that such Indebtedness is extinguished within five Business Days of incurrence;

(13)              the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Permitted Acquisition Indebtedness;

(14)              the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness arising from Guarantees of Indebtedness of joint ventures at any time outstanding not to exceed the greater of $50.0 million and 2.0% of ACNTA determined as of the date of incurrence of such Indebtedness after giving pro forma effect to such incurrence and the application of proceeds thereof; and

(15)              the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness in addition to Indebtedness permitted by clauses (1) through (14) above of this paragraph (b) or the first paragraph (a) of this Section 4.3 above in an aggregate principal amount (or accreted value, as applicable) at any time outstanding not to exceed the greater of (a) $50.0 million and (b) 2.0% of the Company’s ACNTA, determined as of the date of incurrence of such Indebtedness after giving effect to such incurrence and the application of the proceeds therefrom.

(c)          For purposes of determining compliance with this Section 4.3:

(1)                     in the event that an item of proposed Indebtedness meets the criteria of more than one of the categories of Permitted Indebtedness described in clauses (1) through (15) of paragraph (b) above, or is entitled to be incurred pursuant to paragraph (a) of this Section 4.3, the Company will be permitted to classify such item of Indebtedness (or any portion thereof) on the date of its incurrence and, subject to clause (2) below may later reclassify such item of Indebtedness (or any portion thereof), in any manner that complies with this covenant, and only be required to include the amount and type of such Indebtedness in one of such clauses or may include the amount and type of such Indebtedness partially in one such clause and partially in one or more other such clauses;

(2)                     all Indebtedness outstanding on the date of this Indenture under the Credit Agreement shall be deemed incurred under clause (1) of paragraph (b) of this Section 4.3 and may not be reclassified;

(3)                     Guarantees of, or obligations in respect of letters of credit relating to, Indebtedness which is otherwise included in the determination of a particular amount of Indebtedness shall not be included;

(4)                     if obligations in respect of letters of credit are incurred pursuant to the Credit Facility and are being treated as incurred pursuant to paragraph (b)(1) above and the letters of credit relate to other Indebtedness, then such other Indebtedness shall not be included;

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(5)                     the amount of Indebtedness issued at a price that is less than the principal amount thereof will be equal to the amount of the liability in respect thereof determined in accordance with GAAP; and

(6)                     Indebtedness of any Person existing at the time such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary shall be deemed to have been incurred by the Company and the Restricted Subsidiary at the time such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary; and

(7)         the accrual of interest or dividends, the accretion or amortization of original issue discount, the payment of interest on any Indebtedness in the form of additional Indebtedness with the same terms, the reclassification of preferred equity as Indebtedness due to a change in accounting principles, the payment of dividends on Disqualified Stock or preferred equity in the form of additional shares of the same class of Disqualified Stock or preferred equity will not be deemed to be an incurrence of Indebtedness or an issuance of Disqualified Stock or preferred equity for purposes of this covenant; provided, in each such case (other than preferred stock that is not Disqualified Stock), that the amount of any such accrual, accretion or payment is included in Fixed Charges of the Company as accrued.

(d)         For purposes of determining compliance with any U.S. dollar-denominated restriction on the incurrence of Indebtedness, the U.S. dollar-equivalent principal amount of Indebtedness denominated in a foreign currency shall be calculated based on the relevant currency exchange rate in effect on the date such Indebtedness was incurred, in the case of term Indebtedness, or first committed, in the case of revolving credit Indebtedness; provided that if such Indebtedness is incurred to refinance other Indebtedness denominated in a foreign currency, and such refinancing would cause the applicable U.S. dollar-dominated restriction to be exceeded if calculated at the relevant currency exchange rate in effect on the date of such refinancing, such U.S. dollar-dominated restriction shall be deemed not to have been exceeded so long as the principal amount of such refinancing Indebtedness does not exceed the principal amount of such Indebtedness being refinanced.  Notwithstanding any other provision of this covenant, the maximum amount of Indebtedness that the Company may incur pursuant to this covenant shall not be deemed to be exceeded solely as a result of fluctuations in the exchange rate of currencies.  The principal amount of any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness, if incurred in a different currency from the Indebtedness being refinanced, shall be calculated based on the currency exchange rate applicable to the currencies in which such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is denominated that is in effect on the date of such refinancing.

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Section 4.4                                    Restricted Payments

(a)         The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly:

(1)                     declare or pay any dividend or make any other payment or distribution on account of the Company’s or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries’ Equity Interests (including, without limitation, any payment by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in connection with any merger or consolidation involving the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries) or to the direct or indirect holders of the Company’s or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries’ Equity Interests in their capacity as such (other than dividends or distributions payable in Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company or to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company);

(2)                     purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire or retire for value (including, without limitation, in connection with any merger or consolidation involving the Company) any Equity Interests of the Company or any direct or indirect parent of the Company (other than any such Equity Interests owned by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company);

(3)         make any payment on or with respect to, or purchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value, prior to scheduled maturity or scheduled sinking fund payment, any Subordinated Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor or any Existing Unsecured Notes, except (a) a payment of interest or principal on or after the date when due or within three business days prior thereto, (b) in anticipation of satisfying a sinking fund obligation, principal installment payment or payment due at final maturity, in each case due within one year of the date of such payment, purchase or other acquisition or retirement or (c) payments on Indebtedness owed to the Company or a Guarantor; or

(4)                     make any Investment other than a Permitted Investment (all such payments and other actions set forth in clauses (1) through (3) above and this clause (4) being collectively referred to as “Restricted Payments”),

(b)         unless, at the time of and after giving effect to such Restricted Payment:

(1)                     no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would occur as a consequence thereof;

(2)                     the Company would, at the time of such Restricted Payment and after giving pro forma effect thereto as if such Restricted Payment had been made at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, have been permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio test set forth in Section 4.3(a) hereof; and

(3)                     such Restricted Payment, together with the aggregate amount of all other Restricted Payments made by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries after May 1, 2015 (excluding Restricted Payments permitted by clauses (2), (3), (4), (6), (7), (8), (9), (10), (11), (12), (13) or (14) of the next succeeding paragraph (c) below, but including Restricted Payments

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permitted by clauses (1), (5), (15) and (16) of such paragraph), is less than the sum, without duplication, of

(A)                   50% of the Consolidated Net Income of the Company for the period (taken as one accounting period) from April 1, 2015 to the end of the Company’s most recently ended fiscal quarter for which internal financial statements are available at the time of such Restricted Payment (or, if such Consolidated Net Income for such period is a deficit, less 100% of such deficit), plus

(B)                   100% of the aggregate Net Cash Proceeds and 100% of the Fair Market Value of securities or other property other than cash (including Capital Stock of Persons engaged in the Oil and Gas Business that become Restricted Subsidiaries or assets used in the Oil and Gas Business) received by the Company since May 1, 2015 from the issue or sale of Equity Interests of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock), other than Equity Interests (or Disqualified Stock or debt securities) sold to a Subsidiary of the Company or to an employee stock ownership plan or to a trust established by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for the benefit of their employees, plus

(C)                   the amount by which Indebtedness is reduced on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet upon the conversion or exchange (other than by a Subsidiary of the Company) subsequent to April 1, 2015 of any Indebtedness converted into or exchanged for Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company (plus the amount of any accrued interest then outstanding on such Indebtedness to the extent the obligation to pay such interest is extinguished less the amount of any cash, or the Fair Market Value of any property (as determined in good faith by an Officer of the Company), distributed by the Company upon such conversion or exchange); provided, however, that the foregoing amount shall not exceed the Net Cash Proceeds received by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary from the sale of such Indebtedness (excluding Net Cash Proceeds from sales to a Subsidiary of the Company or to an employee stock ownership plan or to a trust established by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for the benefit of their employees); plus

(D)                   an amount equal to the sum of (i) the net reduction in the Investments (other than Permitted Investments) made by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in any Person resulting from repurchases, repayments or redemptions of such Investments by such Person, proceeds realized on the sale of such Investments and proceeds representing the return of capital (excluding dividends and distributions to the extent included in Consolidated Net Income), in each case received by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary since May 1, 2015, and (ii) to the extent such Person is an Unrestricted Subsidiary, the portion (proportionate to the Company’s equity interest in such Subsidiary) of the Fair Market Value of the net assets of such Unrestricted Subsidiary at the time such Unrestricted Subsidiary is designated a Restricted Subsidiary;  provided, however, that to the extent the foregoing sum exceeds, in the case of any such Person or Unrestricted Subsidiary, the amount of Investments (excluding Permitted Investments) previously made (and treated as a Restricted Payment) by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in such Person or Unrestricted Subsidiary since May 1, 2015, such excess shall not be included in this clause (D) unless the amount represented by

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such excess has not been and will not be taken into account in one of the foregoing clauses (A)-(C) of this paragraph (b)(3).

(c)          The preceding provisions will not prohibit:

(1)                     the payment of any dividend within 60 days after the date of declaration thereof, if at said date of declaration such payment would have complied with the provisions of this Indenture (and such payment shall be deemed to be paid on the date of payment for purposes of any calculation required by this covenant);

(2)                     the redemption, repurchase, retirement, defeasance or other acquisition of any Subordinated Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor, any Existing Unsecured Notes or any Equity Interests of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in exchange for, or out of the Net Cash Proceeds of the substantially concurrent sale (other than to a Subsidiary of the Company) of, Equity Interests of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock); provided that the amount of any such Net Cash Proceeds that are utilized for any such redemption, repurchase, retirement, defeasance or other acquisition shall be excluded from clause (3)(B) of the preceding paragraph (b);

(3)                     the defeasance, redemption, repurchase, retirement or other acquisition of any Subordinated Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor or Existing Unsecured Notes, in each case with the Net Cash Proceeds from or in exchange for Indebtedness constituting Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under Section 4.3 hereof;

(4)                     the payment of any dividend or other distribution by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to the holders of its common Equity Interests on a pro rata basis;

(5)                     so long as no Default has occurred and is continuing, the repurchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for value of any Equity Interests of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company held by any employees, former employees, directors or former directors of Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (or heirs, estates or other permitted transferees of such employees or directors) pursuant to any agreements (including employment agreements), management equity subscription agreements or stock option agreements or plans (or amendments thereto), approved by the Board of Directors, under which such individuals purchase or sell or are granted the right to purchase or sell shares of Capital Stock; provided that the aggregate price paid for all such repurchased, redeemed, acquired or retired Equity Interests shall not exceed $3.5 million in any twelve-month period (with any unused portion of such amount permitted to be carried forward to the next succeeding twelve month period);

(6)                     so long as no Default has occurred and is continuing, loans or advances to employees of the Company or employees or directors of any Subsidiary of the Company, in each case as permitted by Section 402 of the ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇ Act of 2002, the proceeds of which are used to purchase Capital Stock of the Company, or to refinance loans or advances made pursuant to this clause (6), in an aggregate amount not in excess of $2.0 million at any one time outstanding;

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(7)                     repurchases or other acquisitions for value of Capital Stock deemed to occur upon the exercise or exchange of stock options, warrants or other convertible securities if such Capital Stock represents a portion of the exercise or exchange price thereof or made in lieu of withholding taxes in connection with any such exercise or exchange; provided, however, that the aggregate amount of such repurchases, redemption or acquisitions to satisfy federal income tax obligations shall not exceed $2.0 million in any twelve-month period;

(8)                     upon the occurrence of a Change of Control or an Asset Sale and within 60 days after the completion of the offer to repurchase the Securities under Section 4.11 or Section 4.7 hereof (including the purchase of all Securities tendered and required to be purchased), any purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance, acquisition or other retirement for value of Subordinated Indebtedness or Existing Unsecured Notes required under the terms thereof as a result of such Change of Control or Asset Sale at a purchase or redemption price not to exceed 101% of the outstanding principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, if any, provided that, in the notice to Holders relating to a Change of Control or Asset Sale hereunder, the Company shall describe this clause (8);

(9)                     so long as no Default has occurred or is continuing, the purchase by the Company of fractional shares arising out of stock dividends, splits or business combinations;

(10)              payments to dissenting stockholders (x) pursuant to applicable law or (y) in connection with the settlement or other satisfaction of legal claims made pursuant to or in connection with a consolidation, merger or transfer of assets in connection with a transaction that is not prohibited by this Indenture;

(11)              the purchase by the Company of fractional shares arising out of stock dividends, splits or combinations or business combinations or conversion of convertible or exchangeable securities of debt or equity issued by the Company;

(12)              dividends on Disqualified Stock if such dividends are included in the calculation of Fixed Charges;

(13)              payments made by any Person other than the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary to the stockholders of the Company in connection with or as part of (a) a merger or consolidation of the Company with or into such Person or a subsidiary of such Person, or (b) a merger of a subsidiary of such Person into the Company;

(14)              repurchases, redemptions or other payments with respect to Existing Unsecured Notes in an aggregate amount paid under this clause (14) since May 1, 2015 not to exceed $250.0 million, provided that, after giving effect to such payment, the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries would have cash, Cash Equivalents and undrawn availability (giving effect to any borrowing base limitations) under the Credit Agreement totaling at least $250.0 million;

(15)              the payment of regular quarterly dividends on the Company’s 5.75% Series A Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding on the Issue Date; or

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(16)              other Restricted Payments not to exceed $50.0 million in the aggregate since May 1, 2015.

The amount of all Restricted Payments (other than cash) shall be the Fair Market Value on the date of the Restricted Payment of the asset(s) or securities proposed to be transferred or issued by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, pursuant to the Restricted Payment.  The Fair Market Value of any assets or securities that are required to be valued at the time of such Restricted Payment by this covenant shall be evidenced by an Officers’ Certificate which shall be delivered to the Trustee not later than five Business Days following the date of the making of any Restricted Payment.  Such Officers’ Certificate shall state that such Restricted Payment is permitted by this Section 4.4, together with a copy of any related resolution of the Board of Directors.

For purposes of determining compliance with this Section 4.4, if a Restricted Payment meets the criteria of more than one of the types of Restricted Payments described in clauses (1) through (16) above, the Company, in its sole discretion, may order and classify, and subsequently reorder and reclassify, such Restricted Payment in any manner in compliance with this covenant.

Section 4.5                                    Liens

The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien on any property or asset now owned or hereafter acquired, or any income or profits therefrom or assign or convey any right to receive income therefrom, except Permitted Liens, to secure any Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor.

Section 4.6                                    Dividend and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries

(a)         The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create or permit to exist or become effective any consensual encumbrance or restriction on the ability of any Restricted Subsidiary to:

(1)         pay dividends or make any other distributions on its Capital Stock to the Company or any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries, or pay any Indebtedness owed to the Company or any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries;

(2)         make loans or advances to the Company or any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries; or

(3)         transfer any of its properties or assets to the Company or any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries.

(b)         However, the preceding restrictions will not apply to encumbrances or restrictions existing under or by reason of:

(1)         agreements existing on the Issue Date, including the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date;

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(2)         any instrument governing Indebtedness or Capital Stock of a Person acquired by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries as in effect at the time of such acquisition (except to the extent such Indebtedness was incurred in connection with or in contemplation of such acquisition), which encumbrance or restriction is not applicable to any Person, or the properties or assets of any Person, other than the Person, or the property or assets of the Person, so acquired, provided that, in the case of Indebtedness, such Indebtedness was permitted by the terms of this Indenture to be incurred;

(3)         any agreement for the sale or other disposition of Capital Stock or assets of a Restricted Subsidiary that restricts distributions by such Restricted Subsidiary pending such sale or other disposition;

(4)         any amendment, restatement, modification, supplement, extension, renewal, refunding, replacement or refinancing of Indebtedness referred to in clauses (1) or (2) of this paragraph (b), provided that the encumbrances or restrictions contained in the agreements governing the foregoing are not materially more restrictive, taken as a whole, than those contained in the agreements governing such Indebtedness;

(5)         cash or other deposits, or net worth requirements or similar requirements, imposed by suppliers, landlords or customers or required by insurance, security or bonding companies, or restrictions on cash or other deposits by parties under agreements entered into in the ordinary course of the Oil and Gas Business of the types described in the definition of Permitted Business Investments;

(6)         any applicable law, rule, regulation, order, approval, license, permit or similar restriction;

(7)         provisions limiting the disposition or distribution of assets or property or transfer of Capital Stock in joint venture agreements, asset sale agreements, sale-leaseback agreements, stock sale agreements, limited liability company organizational documents, and other similar agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business, consistent with past practice or with the approval of the Company’s Board of Directors, which limitation is applicable only to the assets, property or Capital Stock that are the subject of such agreements;

(8)         any encumbrance or restriction contained in the terms of any Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under this Indenture or any agreement pursuant to which such Indebtedness was incurred if either (x) the encumbrance or restriction applies only in the event of a payment default or a default with respect to a financial covenant in such Indebtedness or agreement or (y) the Company determines that any such encumbrance or restriction will not materially affect the Company’s ability to make principal or interest payments on the notes and in either case such restrictions are not materially less favorable to Holders of Securities than is customary in comparable financings, in each case as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company; and

(9)         with respect to clause (3) of the preceding paragraph (a) only, any of the following encumbrances or restrictions:

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(A)                   customary non-assignment or consent provisions in leases entered into in the ordinary course of business;

(B)                   purchase money obligations for property acquired in the ordinary course of business or otherwise permitted under this Indenture that impose restrictions on the property so acquired;

(C)                   Permitted Liens or Liens securing Indebtedness otherwise permitted to be incurred pursuant to the provisions of Section 4.5 hereof that limit the right of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to dispose of the assets subject to such Lien;

(D)                   customary restrictions contained in asset sale agreements limiting the transfer of such assets pending the closing of such sale;

(E)                    customary restrictions on the subletting, assignment or transfer of any property or asset that is subject to a lease, license, sub-license or similar contract, or the assignment or transfer of any such lease, license, sub-license or other contract; and

(F)                     customary restrictions on the disposition or distribution of assets or property in agreements entered into in the ordinary course of the Oil and Gas Business of the types described in the definition of Permitted Business Investments.

Section 4.7                                    Asset Sales

(a)         The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, consummate an Asset Sale unless:

(1)         the Company (or the Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be) receives consideration at the time of such Asset Sale at least equal to the Fair Market Value of the Equity Interests or other assets issued or sold or otherwise disposed of; and

(2)         (A) at least 75% of the aggregate consideration received by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, from such Asset Sale and all other Asset Sales since the Issue Date, on a cumulative basis, is in the form of cash, Cash Equivalents or assets of the type referred to in clauses (2) or (3) of paragraph (b) below, or any combination of the foregoing (together, “Permitted Consideration”) or (B) the Fair Market Value of all forms of consideration other than Permitted Consideration since the Issue Date does not exceed in the aggregate 10% of the ACNTA of the Company at the time when such determination is made.  For purposes of this provision, each of the following shall be deemed to be cash:

(A)                   any liabilities (as shown on the Company’s or such Restricted Subsidiary’s most recent balance sheet) of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary (other than contingent liabilities and liabilities that are by their terms subordinated to the Securities or any Subsidiary Guarantee) that are assumed by the transferee of any such assets pursuant to a customary novation agreement or similar agreement that releases the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary from further liability; and

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(B)      any securities, notes or other obligations received by the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary from such transferee that are converted within 120 days by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary into cash (to the extent of the cash received in that conversion).

(b)   Within the later of (x) one year after the date of receipt of any Net Proceeds from an Asset Sale and (y) six months after the date of an agreement entered into within such one-year period committing the Company to make an acquisition or expenditure referred to in clauses (2) or (3) below, the Company may apply such Net Proceeds at its option, in any one or more of the following:

(1)   to repay, redeem or repurchase Priority Lien Debt and other outstanding Priority Lien Obligations or Parity Lien Debt and other outstanding Parity Lien Obligations; provided that any reduction in outstanding Indebtedness under any revolving credit facility shall be deemed to have been made temporarily pursuant to the next-following paragraph and not under this clause (1) unless the Board of Directors of the Company shall determine otherwise;

(2)   to acquire all or substantially all of the assets of, or a majority of the Voting Stock of, a Company principally engaged in the Oil and Gas Business that will, upon such acquisition, become a Restricted Subsidiary; or

(3)   to make capital expenditures or to acquire properties or assets, in each case that are used or useful in the Oil and Gas Business.

Pending the final application of any such Net Proceeds, the Company may temporarily reduce revolving credit borrowings or otherwise invest such Net Proceeds in any manner not prohibited by this Indenture.

(c)   Any Net Proceeds from Asset Sales that are not applied or invested as provided in the preceding paragraph will constitute “Excess Proceeds.”  When the aggregate amount of Excess Proceeds exceeds $25.0 million, or earlier at the Company’s election, the Company will make an offer (the “Asset Sale Offer”) to all Holders of Securities and, to the extent required by the terms thereof, all holders of other Parity Lien Debt containing provisions similar to those set forth in this Indenture with respect to offers to purchase or redeem with the proceeds of sales of assets, to purchase the maximum principal amount of Securities and such other Parity Lien Debt that may be purchased out of the Excess Proceeds.  The offer price in any Asset Sale Offer will be equal to 100% of principal amount (or accreted value in the case of any such other Parity Lien Debt issued with a significant original issue discount) plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of purchase (the “Asset Sale Payment”), and will be payable in cash.  If any Excess Proceeds remain after consummation of an Asset Sale Offer, the Company may use such Excess Proceeds for any purpose not otherwise prohibited by this Indenture.  If the aggregate principal amount of Securities and such other Parity Lien Debt tendered into such Asset Sale Offer exceeds the amount of Excess Proceeds, the Trustee shall select the Securities and such other Parity Lien Debt to be purchased on a pro rata basis, on the basis of the aggregate principal amounts (or accreted values) tendered in round denominations (which in the case of the Securities will be minimum denominations of $2,000 principal amount or multiples of $1,000 in

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excess thereof).  Upon completion of each Asset Sale Offer, the amount of Excess Proceeds shall be reset at zero.

(d)   Within 30 days following the date when the Company becomes obligated to make an Asset Sale Offer, the Company will mail a notice to each Holder describing the transaction or transactions that constitute the Asset Sale and offering to repurchase Securities on the date (the “Asset Sale Payment Date”) specified in such notice, which date will be no earlier than 30 days nor later than 60 days from the date such notice is mailed, pursuant to the procedures required by this Indenture and described in such notice.

(e)   On the Asset Sale Payment Date, the Company will, to the extent lawful:

(1)   accept for payment all Securities or portions thereof properly tendered pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer, subject to proration based on the amount of Excess Proceeds pursuant to clause (c) above of this Section 4.7;

(2)   deposit with the Paying Agent an amount equal to the amount of Excess Proceeds that, after giving effect to proration with holders of Parity Lien Debt pursuant to clause (c) above of this Section 4.7, is allocable to the Securities or portions thereof so tendered (or, if less, the aggregate Asset Sale Payment for all Securities validly tendered and not withdrawn); and

(3)   deliver or cause to be delivered to the Trustee the Securities so accepted together with an Officers’ Certificate stating the aggregate principal amount of Securities or portions thereof being purchased by the Company.

(f)    The Paying Agent will promptly mail (or cause to be transferred through the facilities of the Depositary) to each Holder of Securities so tendered and not withdrawn and accepted for payment in accordance with this Section 4.7, the Asset Sale Payment for such tendered Securities, and the Trustee will promptly authenticate and mail (or cause to be transferred by book entry) to each Holder a new Security equal in principal amount to any unpurchased portion of the Securities surrendered, if any, by such Holder; provided that each such new Security will be in a principal amount of $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof.

(g)   If the Asset Sale Offer Purchase Date is after the taking of a record of the Holders on a record date and on or before the related Interest Payment Date, any accrued and unpaid interest will be paid to the Person in whose name a purchased Security is registered on such record date, and no other interest will be payable to Holders who tender Securities pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer.

(h)   The Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-l under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations thereunder to the extent such laws and regulations are applicable in connection with an Asset Sale Offer.  To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with the provisions of this Section 4.7, the Company will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and will not be deemed to have breached its obligations under this covenant by virtue of the Company’s compliance with such securities laws or regulations.

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(i)    The Company will publicly announce the results of the Asset Sale Offer on or as soon as practicable after the date such Asset Sale Offer is completed.

Section 4.8            Transactions With Affiliates

(a)   The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, make any payment to, or sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of its properties or assets to, or purchase any property or assets from, or enter into or make or amend any transaction, contract, agreement, understanding, loan, advance or Guarantee with, or for the benefit of, any Affiliate (each, an “Affiliate Transaction”) involving aggregate consideration to or from the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in excess of $1.0 million, unless:

(1)   such Affiliate Transaction is on terms that are no less favorable to the Company or the relevant Restricted Subsidiary than those that would have been obtained at the time of such transaction in arm’s-length dealings by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary with a Person that is not an Affiliate; and

(2)   (A) the Company delivers to the Trustee with respect to any Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions involving aggregate consideration to or from the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in excess of $10.0 million, an Officers’ Certificate certifying that such Affiliate Transaction complies with the requirements of clause (1) above, and (B) with respect to any Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions involving aggregate consideration to or from the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in excess of $25.0 million, a majority of the Disinterested Members of the Board of Directors (or, if there is only one Disinterested Member, such Disinterested Member) have determined that the criteria set forth in clause (1) are satisfied with respect to such Affiliate Transaction(s) and have approved such Affiliate Transaction(s), as evidenced by a Board Resolution delivered to the Trustee and certified by an Officers’ Certificate as having been adopted by the Board of Directors

(b)   The following items shall not be deemed to be Affiliate Transactions and, therefore, will not be subject to the provisions of Section 4.8(a) hereof:

(1)   any employment or severance agreement or other employee, consulting service, termination or director-compensation agreement, arrangement or plan, (or any amendment thereto with respect thereto), or indemnification agreements, entered into by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary with officers and employees of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary thereof and the payment of compensation to officers and employees of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary thereof (including amounts paid pursuant to employee benefit plans, employee stock option or similar plans), so long as such agreement or payment is in the ordinary course of business or has been approved by a majority of the Disinterested Members of the Board of Directors (or, if there is only one Disinterested Member, such Disinterested Member);

(2)   transactions between or among the Company and/or its Restricted Subsidiaries;

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(3)   Restricted Payments that, in each case, are permitted by Section 4.4 hereof or Permitted Investments described in clauses (14) or (15) of the definition thereof;

(4)   loans or advances to employees, officers or directors in the ordinary course of business of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, in each case only as permitted by Section 402 of the ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇ Act of 2002, but in any event not to exceed $2.0 million in the aggregate outstanding at any one time;

(5)   any transactions undertaken pursuant to any contracts in existence on the Issue Date (as in effect on the Issue Date) and any renewals, replacements or modifications of such contracts (pursuant to new transactions or otherwise) on terms no less favorable to the holders of the Securities than those in effect on the Issue Date;

(6)   in the case of (i) contracts for (A) drilling or other oil-field services or supplies, (B) the sale, storage, gathering or transport of hydrocarbons or (C) the lease or rental of office or storage space or (ii) other operation-type contracts, any such contracts that are entered into in the ordinary course of business on terms substantially similar to those contained in similar contracts entered into by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary and third parties or, if neither the Company nor any Restricted Subsidiary has entered into a similar contract with a third party, that the terms are no less favorable than those available from third parties on an arm’s-length basis, as determined by a majority of the Disinterested Members of the Board of Directors or the Company (or, if there is only one Disinterested Member, such Disinterested Member);

(7)   transactions with a Person (other than an Unrestricted Subsidiary) that is an Affiliate of the Company solely because the Company owns, directly or through a Subsidiary, an Equity Interest in, or controls, such Person;

(8)   any sale or other issuance of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company to, or receipt of a capital contribution from, an Affiliate (or a Person that becomes an Affiliate) of the Company;

(9)   any Transaction between the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary on the one hand and any Person deemed to be an Affiliate solely because a director of such Person is also a director of the company or a Restricted Subsidiary, on the other hand; provided that such director abstains from voting as a director of the Company or the Restricted Subsidiary, as applicable, in connection with the approval of the transaction; and

(10) transactions with customers, clients, suppliers or purchasers or sellers of goods or services, in each case in the ordinary course of the business of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries and otherwise in compliance with this Indenture; provided that as determined by a majority of the Disinterested Members of the Board of Directors or the Company (or, if there is only one Disinterested Member, such Disinterested Member) or senior management of the Company, such Transactions are on terms that are no less favorable to the Company or the relevant Restricted Subsidiary than those that would have been obtained in a comparable Transaction by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary with an unrelated Person.

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Section 4.9            Additional Subsidiary Guarantees

If, after the Issue Date, any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that is not already a Guarantor guarantees any Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor under a Credit Facility, then within 30 days of the date on which it guaranteed such Indebtedness, the Company shall cause that newly acquired or created Restricted Subsidiary (i) to become a Guarantor by executing a supplemental indenture substantially in the form of Exhibit E hereto and (ii) to deliver an Opinion of Counsel to the Trustee as to the due authorization, execution and delivery thereof by such Guarantor.

Section 4.10          Business Activities

The Company will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, engage in any business other than the Oil and Gas Business, except to such extent as would not be material in the opinion of the Board of Directors (which opinion shall be reasonable and made in good faith) to the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole.

Section 4.11          Change of Control

(a)   If a Change of Control occurs, each Holder of Securities will have the right to require the Company to repurchase all or any part (equal to $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof) of that Holder’s Securities pursuant to the offer described below (the “Change of Control Offer”).  In the Change of Control Offer, the Company will offer a payment (the “Change of Control Payment”) in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of Securities to be repurchased plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, if any, to the date of purchase.  Within 30 days following any Change of Control, unless the Company has previously or concurrently exercised its right to redeem all of the Securities pursuant to Section 3.7, the Company will mail a notice to each Holder describing the transaction or transactions that constitute the Change of Control and offering to repurchase Securities on the date (the “Change of Control Payment Date”) specified in such notice, which date will be no earlier than 30 days nor later than 60 days from the date such notice is mailed, pursuant to the procedures required by this Indenture and described in such notice.  The Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-l under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations thereunder to the extent such laws and regulations are applicable in connection with the repurchase of the Securities as a result of a Change of Control.  To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with the provisions of the covenant described herein, the Company will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and will not be deemed to have breached its obligations under this covenant by virtue of the Company’s compliance with such securities laws or regulations.

(b)   On the Change of Control Payment Date, the Company will, to the extent lawful:

(1)   accept for payment all Securities or portions thereof properly tendered pursuant to the Change of Control Offer;

(2)   deposit with the Paying Agent an amount equal to the Change of Control Payment in respect of all Securities or portions thereof so tendered; and

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(3)   deliver or cause to be delivered to the Trustee the Securities so accepted together with an Officers’ Certificate stating the aggregate principal amount of Securities or portions thereof being purchased by the Company.

(c)   The Paying Agent will promptly mail (or cause to be transferred through the facilities of the Depositary) to each Holder of Securities so tendered and not withdrawn the Change of Control Payment for such tendered Securities, and the Trustee will promptly authenticate and mail (or cause to be transferred by book entry) to each Holder a new Security equal in principal amount to any unpurchased portion of the Securities surrendered, if any, by such Holder; provided that each such new Security will be in a principal amount of $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof.  The Trustee will notify the Registrar of the issuance of the new Security.

(d)   If the Change of Control Payment Date is after the taking of a record of the Holders on a record date and on or before the related Interest Payment Date, any accrued and unpaid interest will be paid to the Person in whose name a Security is registered on such record date, and no other interest will be payable to Holders who tender pursuant to the Change of Control Offer.

(e)   The Company will publicly announce the results of the Change of Control Offer on or as soon as practicable after the Change of Control Payment Date.

(f)    The provisions described above that require the Company to make a Change of Control Offer following a Change of Control will be applicable regardless of whether or not any other provisions of this Indenture are applicable.

(g)   The Company will not be required to make a Change of Control Offer upon a Change of Control if (1) a third party makes the Change of Control Offer in the manner, at the times and otherwise in compliance with the requirements set forth in this Indenture applicable to a Change of Control Offer made by the Company and purchases all Securities validly tendered and not withdrawn under such Change of Control Offer or (2) a notice of redemption for all outstanding Securities has been given in accordance with this Indenture, unless and until there is a default in payment of the applicable Redemption Price.

(h)   A Change of Control Offer may be made in advance of a Change of Control, and conditioned upon the occurrence of a Change of Control, if a definitive agreement is in place for the Change of Control at the time of making the Change of Control Offer.

(i)    If Holders of not less than 90% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities validly tender and do not withdraw such Securities in a Change of Control Offer and the Company, or any other Person making a Change of Control Offer in lieu of the Company pursuant to paragraph (g) above, purchases all of the Securities validly tendered and not withdrawn by such Holders, the Company will have the right, upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ prior notice, given not more than 30 days following such purchase pursuant to the Change of Control Offer described above, to redeem all Securities that remain outstanding following such purchase at a Redemption Price in cash equal to the applicable Change of Control Payment plus, to the extent not included in the Change of Control Payment, accrued and unpaid

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interest, if any, to the Redemption Date.  Any redemption pursuant to this Section 4.11(i) shall be made pursuant to the provisions of Sections 3.1 through 3.6 hereof.

Section 4.12          Maintenance of Office or Agency for Registration of Transfer, Exchange and Payment of Securities

So long as any of the Securities shall remain outstanding, the Company will, in accordance with Section 2.3 hereof, maintain an office or agency (which may be an office of the Trustee or an affiliate of the Trustee, or the Registrar) in the continental United States where the Securities may be surrendered for exchange or registration of transfer as in this Indenture provided and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect to the Securities may be served, and in the City of New York, State of New York, where the Securities may be presented or surrendered for payment.  The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies in the continental United States, either within or without the City of New York, the State of New York, where Securities may be presented or surrendered for any and all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation under Section 2.3 and this Section 4.12 to maintain an office or agency in the City of New York, State of New York where Securities may be presented or surrendered for payment.  The Company will give to Trustee prompt written notice of the location of any such office or agency and of any change of location thereof.  In case the Company shall fail to maintain any such office or agency or shall fail to give such notice of the location or of any change in the location thereof, such surrenders, presentations and demands may be made and notices may be served at the designated Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee its agent to receive at the aforesaid office all such surrenders, presentations, notices and demands.

Section 4.13          Appointment to Fill a Vacancy in the Office of Trustee

The Company, whenever necessary to avoid or fill a vacancy in the office of Trustee, will appoint, in the manner provided in Section 7.8, a Trustee, so that there shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder.

Section 4.14          Provision as to Paying Agent

(a)   If the Company shall appoint a Paying Agent other than the Trustee, in accordance with the terms of this Indenture, it will cause such Paying Agent to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such Agent shall undertake, subject to the provisions of this Section 4.14:

(1)   that it will hold all sums held by it as such agent for the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Securities (whether such sums have been paid to it by the Company or by any other obligor on the Securities) in trust for the benefit of the Holders of the Securities and will notify the Trustee of the receipt of sums to be so held;

(2)   that it will give the Trustee notice of any failure by the Company (or by any other obligor on the Securities) to make any payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Securities when the same shall be due and payable;

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(3)   that it will at any time during the continuance of any Event of Default specified in Section 6.1, upon the written request of the Trustee, deliver to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by it; and

(4)   that it will acknowledge, accept and agree to comply in all aspects with the provisions of this Indenture relating to the duties, rights and liabilities of such Paying Agent.

(b)   If the Company shall not act as its own Paying Agent, it will, by 11:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the due date of the principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any Securities, deposit with such Paying Agent a sum in same day funds sufficient to pay the principal of, premium, if any, or interest so becoming due, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Holders of Securities entitled to such principal of or premium, if any, or interest, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its failure so to act.

(c)   If the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent, it will, by 11:00 a.m., (New York City time) on each due date of the principal of or premium, if any, or interest on the Securities, set aside, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto, a sum sufficient to pay such principal or premium or interest so becoming due and will notify the Trustee of any failure to take such action.

(d)   Anything in this Section 4.14 to the contrary notwithstanding, the Company may, at any time, for the purpose of obtaining a satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, or for any other reason, pay or cause to be paid to the Paying Agent for delivery to the Trustee all sums held in trust by it, as required by this Section 4.14, such sums to be delivered by the Paying Agent to the Trustee to be held by the Trustee upon the trusts herein contained.

(e)   Anything in this Section 4.14 to the contrary notwithstanding, the agreement to hold sums in trust as provided in this Section 4.14 is subject to the provisions of Section 8.4 and Section 8.6.

Section 4.15          Maintenance of Corporate Existence

So long as any of the Securities shall remain outstanding, the Company will at all times (except as otherwise provided or permitted in this Article V of this Indenture) do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence.

Section 4.16          Compliance Certificate

(a)   The Company and the Guarantors shall deliver to the Trustee within 90 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company ending after the Issue Date a statement (which need not be an Officers’ Certificate) signed by the principal executive officer, the principal accounting officer or the principal financial officer of each of the Company and the Guarantors, stating that a review of the activities of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal year has been made under the supervision of the signing Officers with a view to determining whether each of the Company and the Guarantors has performed its obligations under this Indenture, and further stating whether or not the signers know of any Default or Event of Default that occurred during such period.  If they do, the certificate shall describe such Default

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or Event of Default, its status and what action the Company is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.

(b)   So long as not contrary to the then current recommendations of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, the year-end financial statements delivered pursuant to Section 4.2 above shall be accompanied by a written statement of the Company’s independent public accountants that in making the examination necessary for certification of such financial statements, nothing has come to their attention that would lead them to believe that the Company has violated any provisions of this Article IV or Article V hereof or, if any such violation has occurred, specifying the nature and period of existence thereof, it being understood that such accountants shall not be liable directly or indirectly to any Person for any failure to obtain knowledge of any such violation.

(c)   So long as any of the Securities are outstanding, the Company will deliver to the Trustee, forthwith upon any Officer becoming aware of any Default or Event of Default, an Officers’ Certificate specifying such Default or Event of Default and what action the Company is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.

Section 4.17          Taxes

The Company will pay, and will cause each of its Significant Subsidiaries to pay, prior to delinquency, all material taxes, assessments, and governmental levies except such as are contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings or where the failure to effect such payment would not have a material adverse effect on the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.

Section 4.18          Stay, Extension and Usury Laws

The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, that may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law has been enacted.

Section 4.19          Covenant Termination

From and after the occurrence of an Investment Grade Rating Event, the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries will no longer be subject to the provisions of this Indenture set forth in Sections 4.3, 4.4, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.10 and Clause (4) of Section 5.1(a).

After the foregoing provisions have been terminated, the Company may not designate any of its Subsidiaries as Unrestricted Subsidiaries pursuant to the second sentence of the definition of “Unrestricted Subsidiary” in Section 1.1.

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ARTICLE V

SUCCESSOR COMPANY

Section 5.1            Merger, Consolidation or Sale of Assets

(a)   The Company may not: (1) consolidate or merge with or into another Person (whether or not the Company is the surviving corporation); or (2) sell, assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as whole, in one or more related transactions, to another Person, unless:

(1)   either:

(A)      the Company is the surviving corporation; or

(B)      the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than the Company) or to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition shall have been made is a Person organized or existing under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

(2)   the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than the Company) or the Person to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition shall have been made (the “Successor”) assumes all the obligations of the Company under the Securities, this Indenture and the Note Documents to which the Company is a party pursuant to agreements or instruments reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee;

(3)   immediately after such transaction no Default or Event of Default exists;

(4)   either (a) the Company or the Successor will, on the date of such transaction after giving pro forma effect thereto and any related financing transactions as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, be permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio test set forth in Section 4.3(a) hereof or (b) immediately after giving effect to such transaction on a pro forma basis and any related financing transactions as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of the Company is equal to or greater than the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of the Company immediately before such transaction;

(5)   the Successor shall take such action (or agree to take such action) as may be reasonably necessary to cause any property or assets that constitute Collateral owned by or transferred to the Successor  to be subject to the Parity Liens in the manner and to the extent required under the Note Documents and shall deliver an opinion of counsel as to the enforceability of any amendments, supplements or other instruments with respect to the Note Documents to be executed, delivered, filed and recorded, as applicable, and such other matters as the Trustee or Collateral Trustee, as applicable, may reasonably request; and

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(6)   the Company or the Successor, as applicable, shall have delivered to the Trustee, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee, an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel each stating that such consolidation, merger, transfer, lease or other disposition and any supplemental indenture and other agreements in respect thereto comply with the requirements under this Indenture.

(b)   For purposes of this covenant, the sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of one or more Subsidiaries of the Company, which properties or assets, if held by the Company instead of such Subsidiaries, would constitute all or substantially all of the properties or assets of the Company on a consolidated basis, shall be deemed to be the transfer of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of the Company.

(c)   Clause (a)(4) of this Section 5.1 will not apply to a sale, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of assets between or among the Company and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries that are Guarantors.

Section 5.2            Successor Substituted

Upon any consolidation or merger, or any sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole in accordance with Section 5.1 hereof, the Successor formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition is made shall succeed to, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such Successor had been named as the Company herein and shall be substituted for the Company (so that from and after the date of such consolidation, merger, sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition, the provisions of this Indenture referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the successor and not to the predecessor); and thereafter, except in the case of such a disposition by way of a lease, the Company shall be discharged and released from all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities.

ARTICLE VI

DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

Section 6.1            Events of Default

Each of the following is an “Event of Default”:

(1)   default for 30 days in the payment when due of interest on the Securities;

(2)   default in the payment when due of the principal of, or premium, if any, on the Securities;

(3)   failure by the Company to comply with Section 5.1 hereof;

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(4)   failure by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to comply for 30 days after receipt of written notice specified below with Sections 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 4.10 or 4.11 hereof;

(5)   failure by the Company or any Guarantor for 60 days (or 180 days with respect to Section 4.2) after receipt of written notice specified below to comply with any of its other agreements contained in this Indenture or the Note Documents;

(6)   default under any mortgage, indenture or instrument under which there may be issued or by which there may be secured or evidenced any Indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (or the payment of which is Guaranteed by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries), whether such Indebtedness or Guarantee now exists, or is created after the date of this Indenture, if that default:

(A)      is caused by a failure to pay when due any principal of such Indebtedness prior to the expiration of the grace period provided in such Indebtedness (a “Payment Default”); or

(B)      results in the acceleration of such Indebtedness prior to its Stated Maturity;

and, in each case, the principal amount of any such Indebtedness, together with the principal amount of any other such Indebtedness under which there has been a Payment Default or the maturity of which has been so accelerated, aggregates $25.0 million or more; provided, however, that if any such Payment Default is cured or waived or any such acceleration rescinded, or such Indebtedness is repaid, within a period of 30 days from the continuation of such Payment Default beyond the applicable grace period or the occurrence of such acceleration, as the case may be, such Event of Default and any consequential acceleration of the Securities shall be automatically rescinded, so long as such rescission does not conflict with any judgment or decree;

(7)   failure by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to pay final judgments aggregating in excess of $25.0 million (net of any amounts covered by insurance or a binding indemnity agreement), which judgments are not paid, discharged or stayed for a period of 60 days;

(8)   any Subsidiary Guarantee of a Guarantor shall be held in any judicial proceeding to be unenforceable or invalid or, except as permitted by this Indenture, shall cease for any reason to be in full force and effect or any Guarantor, or any Person acting on behalf of any Guarantor, shall deny or disaffirm its obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee, in each case with respect to any Guarantor that is also a Significant Subsidiary or any group of Guarantors that, taken together, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary;

(9)   (A)  the Company or a Significant Subsidiary or a group of Restricted Subsidiaries that, taken together, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:

(i)            commences a voluntary case or proceeding;

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(ii)           consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case or proceeding in which it is a debtor;

(iii)          consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for any substantial part of its property;

(iv)          makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors; or

(v)           consents to the institution of a bankruptcy or an insolvency proceeding against it;

or takes any comparable action under any foreign laws relating to insolvency; or

(B)  a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that:

(i)            is for relief against the Company or any Significant Subsidiary or a group of Restricted Subsidiaries that, taken together, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary in an involuntary case in which it is a debtor;

(ii)           appoints a Custodian of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary or a group of Restricted Subsidiaries that, taken together, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary or for any substantial part of its property;

(iii)          orders the winding up or liquidation of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary or a group of Restricted Subsidiaries that, taken together would constitute a Significant Subsidiary; or

(iv)          any similar relief is granted under any foreign laws and the order, decree or relief remains unstayed and in effect for 60 consecutive days; and

(10)         the occurrence of the following:

(A)  except as permitted by the Note Documents, any Note Document establishing the Parity Liens ceases for any reason to be enforceable; provided that it will not be an Event of Default under this clause (10)(A) if the sole result of the failure of one or more Note Documents to be fully enforceable is that any Parity Lien purported to be granted under such Note Documents on Collateral, individually or in the aggregate, having a fair market value of not more than $15.0 million, ceases to be an enforceable and perfected Parity Lien; provided further, that if such failure is susceptible to cure, no Event of Default shall arise with respect thereto until 45 days after any officer of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary becomes aware of such failure, which failure has not been cured during such time period;

(B)  except as permitted by the Note Documents, any Parity Lien purported to be granted under any Note Document on Collateral, individually or in the aggregate, having a fair market value in excess of $15.0 million, ceases to be an enforceable and

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perfected second priority Lien, subject to the Intercreditor Agreement and Permitted Collateral Liens; provided that if such failure is susceptible to cure, no Event of Default shall arise with respect thereto until 45 days after any officer of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary becomes aware of such failure, which failure has not been cured during such time period; and

(C)  the Company or any other Collateral Grantor, or any Person acting on behalf of any of them, denies or disaffirms, in writing, any obligation of the Company or any other Collateral Grantor set forth in or arising under any Note Document establishing Parity Liens.

However, a Default under clauses (4) and (5) of this Section 6.1 will not constitute an Event of Default until the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities notify the Company of the Default and the Company does not cure such Default within the time specified in clauses (4) and (5) of this Section 6.1 after receipt of such notice.  Such notice must specify the Default, demand that it be remedied and state that such notice is a “Notice of Default.”

Section 6.2            Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment

If an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default described in clause (9) of Section 6.1) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee by notice to the Company, or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities by notice to the Company and the Trustee, may declare the principal of, premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all the Securities to be due and payable.  Upon such a declaration, such principal, premium and accrued and unpaid interest will be due and payable immediately.  If an Event of Default described in clause (9) of Section 6.1 above occurs and is continuing, the principal of, premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on all the Securities will become and be immediately due and payable without any further action or notice on the part of the Trustee or any Holders.  The Holders of a majority in outstanding principal amount of the Securities by notice to the Trustee may on behalf of the Holders of all the Securities rescind any such acceleration with respect to the Securities and its consequences if (1) rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction and (2) all existing Events of Default, other than the nonpayment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities that have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived.

Section 6.3            Other Remedies

If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, subject to the Intercreditor Agreement, the Trustee may pursue any available remedy to collect the payment of principal of, premium (if any) or interest on the Securities or to enforce the performance of any provision of the Securities or this Indenture.

The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does not possess any of the Securities or does not produce any of them in the proceeding.  A delay or omission by the Trustee or any Holder in exercising any right or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default shall not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the Event of Default.  No remedy is

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exclusive of any other remedy.  All available remedies are cumulative to the extent permitted by law.

Section 6.4            Waiver of Past Defaults

The Holders of a majority in outstanding principal amount of the Securities, by notice to the Trustee may on behalf of the Holders of all the Securities waive an existing Default or Event of Default and its consequences hereunder except (i) a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on a Security or (ii) a Default or Event of Default in respect of a provision that under Section 9.2 hereof cannot be amended without the consent of each Holder affected.  When a Default or Event of Default is waived, it is deemed cured, but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or Event of Default or impair any consequent right.

Section 6.5            Control by Majority

The Holders of a majority in outstanding principal amount of the Securities have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for exercising any remedy available to the Trustee or of exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee.  However, the Trustee may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law or this Indenture or, subject to Section 7.1 hereof, that the Trustee determines is unduly prejudicial to the rights of other Holders or would involve the Trustee in personal liability; provided, however, that the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee that is not inconsistent with such direction.  Subject to Section 7.1, prior to taking any action hereunder, the Trustee shall be entitled to indemnification reasonably satisfactory to it against all loss, liability and expense caused by taking or not taking such action.

Section 6.6            Limitation on Suits

Except to enforce the right to receive payment of principal, premium (if any) or interest when due, a Holder may not pursue any remedy with respect to any Note Document unless:

(1)   the Holder has previously given the Trustee written notice stating that an Event of Default is continuing;

(2)   Holders of at least 25% in outstanding principal amount of the Securities have made a written request to the Trustee to pursue the remedy;

(3)   such Holder or Holders have furnished the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against any loss, liability or expense;

(4)   the Trustee has not complied with the Holders’ request within 60 days after receipt of the request and the furnishing of security or indemnity; and

(5)   the Holders of a majority in outstanding principal amount of the Securities have not given the Trustee a direction that, in the opinion of the Trustee, is inconsistent with the request during such 60-day period.

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A Holder may not use this Indenture to prejudice the rights of another Holder or to obtain a preference or priority over another Holder.

Section 6.7            Rights of Holders to Receive Payment

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, the right of any Holder to receive payment of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities held by such Holder, on or after the respective due dates expressed in the Securities, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such Holder.

Section 6.8            Collection Suit by Trustee

If an Event of Default specified in Section 6.1(1) or Section 6.1(2) hereof occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Company or any Guarantor for the whole amount then due and owing (together with interest on any unpaid interest to the extent lawful) and the amounts provided for in Section 7.7 hereof to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, disbursement and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

Section 6.9            Trustee May File Proofs of Claim

The Trustee may file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee and the Holders allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Company or any Guarantor or their respective creditors or properties and, unless prohibited by law or applicable regulations, may vote on behalf of the Holders in any election of a trustee in bankruptcy or other Person performing similar functions, and any Custodian in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and its counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.7 hereof.

Section 6.10          Priorities

Subject to the Intercreditor Agreement, if the Trustee collects any money or property pursuant to this Article VI, it shall pay out the money or property in the following order:

First: costs and expenses of collection, including all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the compensation, expenses and disbursements of the Trustee, its agents, and counsel and all other amounts due to the Trustee under Section 7.7 hereof;

Second: to Holders for amounts due and unpaid on the Securities for principal and interest and premium, if any, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on the Securities for principal and interest and premium, if any, respectively; and

Third: to the Company.

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The Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any payment to Holders pursuant to this Section 6.10.  At least 15 days before such record date, the Trustee shall mail to each Holder and the Company a notice that states the record date, the payment date and amount to be paid.

Section 6.11          Undertaking for Costs

In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, a court in its discretion may require the filing by any party litigant in the suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the court in its discretion may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in the suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by the party litigant.  This Section 6.11 does not apply to a suit by the Trustee, a suit by a Holder pursuant to Section 6.7 hereof or a suit by Holders of more than 10% in outstanding principal amount of the Securities.

ARTICLE VII

TRUSTEE

Section 7.1            Duties of Trustee

(a)   If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person’s own affairs.

(b)   Except during the continuance of an Event of Default: (i) the Trustee undertakes to perform such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and (ii) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture.  However, the Trustee shall examine the certificates and opinions to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture.

(c)   The Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct, except that:

(1)   this paragraph does not limit the effect of Section 7.1(b) hereof;

(2)   the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Trust Officer unless it is proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and

(3)   the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to Section 6.5 hereof.

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(d)   Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to Sections 7.1(a), 7.1(b) and 7.1(c) hereof.

(e)   The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Company.

(f)    Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

(g)   Subject to Section 7.1(a) hereof, no provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds to believe that repayment of such funds or adequate security or indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.

Section 7.2            Rights of Trustee.

(a)   The Trustee may rely on any document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper Person.  The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document.

(b)   Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officers’ Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel.  The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on the Officers’ Certificate or Opinion of Counsel.

(c)   The Trustee may act through its attorneys and agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed with due care.

(d)   The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture; provided, however, that the Trustee’s conduct does not constitute willful misconduct or negligence.

(e)   The Trustee may consult with counsel, and the advice or opinion of counsel with respect to legal matters relating to this Indenture and the Securities shall be full and complete authorization and protection from liability in respect to any action taken, omitted or suffered by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with the advice or opinion of such counsel.

(f)    Except for (i) a default under Section 6.1(1) or Section 6.1(2) hereof, or (ii) any other event of which the Trustee has actual knowledge and which event, with the giving of notice or the passage of time or both, would constitute an Event of Default under this Indenture, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice of any default or event unless specifically notified in writing of such event by the Company or any Holder of the Securities.

(g)   The Trustee shall have no obligation to ascertain whether or not the Company is obligated at any time to offer to purchase the Securities pursuant to Section 4.7 or Section 4.11 hereof, and at all times the Trustee may conclusively presume, in the absence of written notice to

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the contrary from the Company or an order from a court of competent jurisdiction, that no such obligation exists.

Section 7.3            Individual Rights of Trustee

The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company or its Affiliates with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee.  However, in the event that the Trustee acquires any conflicting interest (as defined in the TIA) after a Default has occurred and is continuing, it must eliminate such conflict within 90 days, apply to the SEC for permission to continue as Trustee or resign.  The Trustee is also subject to Sections 7.10 and 7.11 hereof.

Section 7.4            Trustee’s Disclaimer

The Trustee shall not be responsible for and makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities, it shall not be accountable for the Company’s use of the proceeds from the Securities, it shall not be responsible for the use or application of any money received by any Paying Agent (other than itself as Paying Agent), and it shall not be responsible for any statement of the Company in this Indenture or in any document issued in connection with the sale of the Securities or in the Securities other than the Trustee’s certificate of authentication.

Section 7.5            Notice of Defaults

If a Default or Event of Default occurs and is continuing and if a Trust Officer has actual knowledge thereof, the Trustee shall mail to each Holder notice of the Default or Event of Default within 90 days after it occurs.  Except in the case of a Default or Event of Default relating to payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on, any Security (including payments pursuant to the redemption or required repurchase provisions of such Security), the Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as its board of directors, the Executive Committee of its board of directors or a committee of its Trust Officers in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interests of Holders.

Section 7.6            [Reserved]

Section 7.7            Compensation and Indemnity

(a)   The Company shall pay to the Trustee from time to time, and the Trustee shall be entitled to, reasonable compensation for its services, which may be set forth in a separate fee agreement between the Trustee and the Company.  The Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust.  The Company shall reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred or made by it, including costs of collection, costs of preparing and reviewing reports, certificates and other documents, costs of preparation and mailing of notices to Holders and reasonable costs of counsel retained by the Trustee in connection with the delivery of an Opinion of Counsel or otherwise, in addition to the compensation for its services.  Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee’s agents and counsel.  The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless the Trustee (in its individual and

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trustee capacities) and its officers, directors and agents against any and all loss, liability, claims, action, suit, cost or expense (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) of any kind and nature whatsoever incurred by it in connection with the administration of this trust and the performance of its duties hereunder, including the costs and expenses of enforcing this Indenture (including this Section 7.7) and of defending itself against any claims (whether asserted by any Holder, the Company or otherwise).  The Trustee shall notify the Company promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity.  Failure by the Trustee to so notify the Company shall not relieve the Company of its obligations hereunder.  The Company shall defend the claim and the Trustee may have separate counsel and the Company shall pay the fees and expenses of such counsel.  The Company is not required to reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss, liability claim, again, suit, cost or expense incurred by the Trustee through the Trustee’s own willful misconduct or negligence.

(b)   To secure the Company’s payment obligations in this Section 7.7, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee other than money or property held in trust to pay principal of, premium (if any) and interest on particular Securities.

(c)   The Company’s payment obligations pursuant to this Section 7.7 shall survive the discharge of this Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee.  When the Trustee incurs expenses after the occurrence of a Default specified in Section 6.1(9) hereof with respect to the Company, the expenses are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law.

Section 7.8            Replacement of Trustee

(a)   A resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor Trustee will become effective only upon the successor Trustee’s acceptance of appointment as provided in this Section 7.8.

(b)   The Trustee may resign at any time by so notifying the Company.  The Holders of a majority in outstanding principal amount of the Securities may remove the Trustee by so notifying the Trustee and the Company and may appoint a successor Trustee.  The Company may remove the Trustee if: (i) the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10 hereof; (ii) the Trustee is adjudged bankrupt or insolvent; (iii) a Custodian or other public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or (iv) the Trustee otherwise becomes incapable of acting.

(c)   If the Trustee resigns or is removed by the Company or by the Holders of a majority in outstanding principal amount of the Securities and such Holders do not reasonably promptly appoint a successor Trustee, or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason (the Trustee in such event being referred to herein as the retiring Trustee), the Company shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee.

(d)   A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company.  Thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee under this Indenture.  The successor Trustee shall mail a notice of its

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succession to the Holders.  The retiring Trustee shall promptly transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee, subject to the lien provided for in Section 7.7 hereof.

(e)   If a successor Trustee does not take office within 60 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee or the Holders of 10% in outstanding principal amount of the Securities may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

(f)    If the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10 hereof after written notice thereto, the Holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee.

(g)   Notwithstanding the replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.8, the Company’s obligations under Section 7.7 hereof shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Trustee.

Section 7.9                                    Successor Trustee by Merger

(a)   If the Trustee consolidates with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all its corporate trust business or assets to, another corporation or banking association, the resulting, surviving or transferee corporation or banking association without any further act shall be the successor Trustee.

(b)   If at the time such successor or successors by merger, conversion or consolidation to the Trustee shall succeed to the trusts created by this Indenture, any of the Securities shall have been authenticated but not delivered, any such successor to the Trustee may adopt the certificate of authentication of any predecessor Trustee, and deliver such Securities so authenticated; and if at that time any of the Securities shall not have been authenticated, any successor to the Trustee may authenticate such Securities either in the name of any predecessor hereunder or in the name of the successor to the Trustee; and in all such cases such certificates shall have the full force which it is anywhere in the Securities or in this Indenture provided that the certificate of the Trustee shall have.

Section 7.10                             Eligibility; Disqualification

The Trustee shall at all times satisfy the requirements of Trust Indenture Act Section 310(a).  There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder that is a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or of any state thereof that is authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trustee power, that is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authorities and that has a combined capital and surplus of at least $50 million as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition.  The Trustee shall comply with Trust Indenture Act Section 310(b).

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Section 7.11                             Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company

The Trustee shall comply with Trust Indenture Act Section 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in Trust Indenture Act Section 311(b).  A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to Trust Indenture Act Section 311(a) to the extent indicated.

ARTICLE VIII

DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE; DEFEASANCE

Section 8.1                                    Discharge of Liability on Securities; Defeasance

(a)   Subject to Section 8.1(c) hereof, when (i)(x) the Company delivers to the Trustee all outstanding Securities (other than Securities replaced pursuant to Section 2.7 hereof) for cancellation or (y) all outstanding Securities not theretofore delivered for cancellation have become due and payable at their scheduled maturity or (z) all outstanding Securities not theretofore delivered for cancellation have become scheduled for redemption under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee as a result of the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company in accordance with Article III hereof, (ii) the Company irrevocably deposits or causes to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust solely for the benefit of the Holders money in U.S. dollars, Government Securities, or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be sufficient without consideration of any reinvestment of interest to pay and discharge the entire Indebtedness on such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation for principal, premium, if any, and accrued interest to the date of Stated Maturity or redemption, (iii) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or shall occur as a result of such deposit and such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any other instrument to which the Company is a party or by which the Company is bound, (iv) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all sums then payable by it under this Indenture and the Securities and (v) the Company has delivered irrevocable instructions to the Trustee to apply the deposited money toward the payment of such Securities at Stated Maturity or the Redemption Date, as the case may be, then the Trustee shall acknowledge satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture and the obligations of the Company and the Guarantors under the Securities and the Subsidiary Guarantees, on demand of the Company (accompanied by an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that all conditions precedent specified herein relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with) and at the cost and expense of the Company.

(b)   Subject to Section 8.2 hereof, the Company at its option at any time may terminate (i) all its obligations, except as specified in Section 8.1(c) hereof, under the Securities and this Indenture and all obligations of the Guarantors with respect to their Subsidiary Guarantees (“legal defeasance option”), and after giving effect to such legal defeasance, any omission to comply with such obligations shall no longer constitute a Default or Event of Default or (ii) its obligations under Section 4.2, Section 4.3, Section 4.4, Section 4.5, Section 4.6, Section 4.7, Section 4.8, Section 4.9, Section 4.10 and Section 4.11 hereof, except to the extent such obligations are imposed by Section 318(c) of the Trust Indenture Act, and clause (a)(4) of Section 5.1 hereof, and the Company may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in

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respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such Section, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such Section or by reason of any reference in any such Section to any other provision herein or in any other document and such omission to comply with such Sections shall no longer constitute a Default or an Event of Default under Section 6.1(3) (solely as it relates to clause (a)(4) of Section 5.1) and Section 6.1(4) hereof and the operation of Section 6.1(5), Section 6.1(6), Section 6.1(7), Section 6.1(8) and Section 6.1(10) hereof and (with respect only to Significant Subsidiaries) Section 6.1(9) hereof, and the events specified in such Sections shall no longer constitute an Event of Default (this clause (ii) being referred to as the “covenant defeasance option”), but otherwise the remainder of this Indenture and the Securities shall be unaffected thereby.  The Company may exercise its legal defeasance option notwithstanding its prior exercise of its covenant defeasance option.  If the Company exercises its legal defeasance option or its covenant defeasance option, each Guarantor shall be released from its obligations with respect to its Subsidiary Guarantee as provided in Section 10.9(b) hereof and Liens securing the Securities shall be released as provided in Section 12.6.

If the Company exercises its legal defeasance option, payment of the Securities may not be accelerated because of an Event of Default.  If the Company exercises its covenant defeasance option, payment of the Securities may not be accelerated because of an Event of Default specified in Section 6.1(4), Section 6.1(5), Section 6.1(6), Section 6.1(7), Section 6.1(8), (with respect only to Significant Subsidiaries) Section 6.1(9) or Section 6.1(10) hereof or the failure of the Company to comply with clause (a)(4) of Section 5.1 hereof.

Upon satisfaction of the conditions set forth herein and upon request of the Company, the Trustee shall acknowledge in writing the discharge of those obligations that the Company terminates.

(c)   Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 8.1(a) and Section 8.1(b) hereof, the obligations of the Company in Section 2.3, Section 2.4, Section 2.5, Section 2.6, Section 2.7, Section 2.9, Section 7.7, Section 7.8 hereof, and in this Article VIII shall survive until the Securities have been paid in full.  Thereafter, the obligations of the Company in Section 7.7, Section 8.4 and Section 8.5 hereof shall survive.

Section 8.2                                    Conditions to Defeasance

The Company may exercise its legal defeasance option or its covenant defeasance option only if:

(1)   the Company shall have irrevocably deposited with the Trustee, in trust, for the benefit of the Holders of the Securities, cash in U.S. dollars, non-callable Government Securities, or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants, to pay the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the outstanding Securities on the Stated Maturity or on the applicable Redemption Date, as the case may be, and the Company must specify whether the Securities are being defeased to Stated Maturity or to a particular Redemption Date;

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(2)   in the case of the legal defeasance option, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming that (a) the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling or (b) since the Issue Date, there has been a change in the applicable federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such Opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, the Holders of the outstanding Securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such legal defeasance option and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such legal defeasance option had not occurred;

(3)   in the case of the covenant defeasance option, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming that the Holders of the outstanding Securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such covenant defeasance option and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such covenant defeasance option had not occurred;

(4)   no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing either: (a) on the date of such deposit (other than a Default or Event of Default resulting from the borrowing of funds to be applied to such deposit); or (b) insofar as Events of Default from bankruptcy or insolvency events are concerned, at any time in the period ending on the 91st day after the date of deposit;

(5)   such legal defeasance option or covenant defeasance option will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any material agreement or instrument (other than this Indenture) to which the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is bound;

(6)   the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that after the 91st day following the deposit, the trust funds will not be subject to the effect of any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally;

(7)   the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by the Company with the intent of preferring the Holders of Securities over the other creditors of the Company with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors of the Company or others; and

(8)   the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, stating that all conditions precedent relating to the legal defeasance option or the covenant defeasance option have been complied with.

Section 8.3                                    Delivery and Application of Trust Money

The Trustee shall hold in trust money or Government Securities deposited with it pursuant to this Article VIII.  It shall apply the deposited money and the money from Government Securities and in accordance with this Indenture to the payment of principal, premium, if any, of and interest on the Securities.

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Section 8.4                                    Repayment to Company

The Trustee and each Paying Agent shall promptly turn over to the Company upon request any excess money or securities held by them upon payment of all the obligations under this Indenture.

Subject to any applicable abandoned property law, the Trustee and each Paying Agent shall pay to the Company upon request any money held by them for the payment of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on the Securities that remains unclaimed for two years (or any such money then held by the Company or any Subsidiary shall be discharged from any trust hereunder), and, thereafter, Holders entitled to the money must look to the Company for payment as unsecured general creditors; provided, however, that, if any Definitive Securities are then outstanding, the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal (national edition), notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which will not be less than 30 days from the date of such notification or publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.

Section 8.5                                    Indemnity for Government Securities

The Company shall pay and shall indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against deposited Government Securities or the principal and interest received on such Government Securities.

Section 8.6                                    Reinstatement

If the Trustee or any Paying Agent is unable to apply any money or Government Securities in accordance with this Article VIII by reason of any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, the obligations of the Company under this Indenture and the Securities shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to this Article VIII until such time as the Trustee or such Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money or Government Securities in accordance with this Article VIII; provided, however, that, if the Company has made any payment in respect of any Securities because of the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the money or Government Securities held by the Trustee or any Paying Agent.

ARTICLE IX

AMENDMENTS

Section 9.1                                    Without Consent of Holders

The Company, the Guarantors and the Trustee may amend or supplement any of the Note Documents without notice to or consent of any Holder:

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(1)   to cure any ambiguity, defect, inconsistency, omission or mistake;

(2)   to provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities;

(3)   to provide for the assumption of the Company’s or a Guarantor’s obligations to Holders of the Securities in the case of a merger or consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of the Company’s or a Guarantor’s properties or assets in compliance with this Indenture;

(4)   to add or release Guarantors in compliance with this Indenture;

(5)   to make any change that would provide any additional rights or benefits to the Holders, add Events of Default or surrender any right or power conferred upon the Company or any Guarantor or that does not adversely affect in any material respect the legal rights hereunder of any Holder; provided, however, that any change to this Indenture to conform it to the description of the Initial Securities in the offering memorandum of the Company dated November 19, 2015 relating to the exchange of certain series of the Existing Unsecured Notes for the Securities shall not be deemed to adversely affect such legal rights;

(6)   to make, complete or confirm any grant of Collateral permitted or required by this Indenture or any of the Note Documents;

(7)   to comply with the requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the qualification of this Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act;

(8)   to comply with requirements of the Depositary with respect to the Securities;

(9)   to release or subordinate Liens on Collateral in accordance with the Note Documents;

(10) with respect to the Note Documents, as provided in the Intercreditor Agreement; or

(11) to provide for the issuance of Additional Securities in accordance with this Indenture.

In addition, the Intercreditor Agreement and the Collateral Trust Agreement may be amended in accordance with their terms and without the consent of any Holder or the Trustee with the consent of the parties thereto or otherwise in accordance with their terms, including to add additional Indebtedness as Priority Lien Debt, Parity Lien Debt or Junior Lien Debt and add other parties (or any authorized agent thereof or trustee therefor) holding such Indebtedness thereto and to establish that the Liens on any Collateral securing such Indebtedness shall rank equally with the Liens on such Collateral securing the other Priority Lien Debt, Parity Lien Debt or Junior Lien Debt, as applicable, then outstanding, in each case to the extent permitted by the Secured Debt Documents.  The Security Documents may also be amended automatically without the consent of Holders of Notes, the Trustee or the Collateral Trustee in connection with any amendments to corresponding security documents creating Priority Liens in accordance with the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement.

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Section 9.2                                    With Consent of Holders

The Company, the Guarantors and the Trustee may amend or supplement the Note Documents with the consent of the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities (including consents obtained in connection with the purchase of, or tender offer or exchange offer for, Securities), in each case in addition to any required consent of holders of other Parity Lien Obligations required with respect to any amendment or waiver under any Note Document.  Subject to the following sentence, any existing Default or compliance with any provision of the Note Documents may be waived with the consent of the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities (including consents obtained in connection with a purchase of, or tender offer or exchange offer for, Securities), in each case in addition to any required consent of holders of other Parity Lien Obligations required with respect to any amendment or waiver under any Note Document.  However, without the consent of each Holder, an amendment, supplement or waiver may not (with respect to any Securities held by a non-consenting Holder):

(1)   reduce the principal amount of Securities whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver;

(2)   reduce the principal of or change the fixed maturity of any Security or alter the provisions with respect to the redemption or repurchase of the Securities (other than provisions relating to Section 4.7 or 4.11);

(3)   reduce the rate of or change the time for payment of interest on any Security;

(4)   waive a Default or Event of Default in the payment of principal of or premium, if any, or interest on the Securities or a Default or Event of Default in respect of a provision that cannot be amended or supplemented without the consent of each Holder affected;

(5)   make any Security payable in a currency other than that stated in the Securities;

(6)   make any change in the provisions of this Indenture relating to waivers of past Defaults or the rights of Holders of Securities to receive payments of principal of or premium, if any, or interest on the Securities (except as permitted by clause (7) below);

(7)   waive a redemption or repurchase payment with respect to any Security (other than a payment required by Section 4.7 or 4.11);

(8)   modify any Subsidiary Guarantee in any manner adverse to the Holders of the Securities or release any Guarantor from its obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee except in accordance with the terms of this Indenture;

(9)   make any change in the ranking of the Securities or the Subsidiary Guarantees in a manner adverse to the Holders of the Securities or the Subsidiary Guarantees; or

(10) make any change in the preceding amendment, supplement and waiver provisions of this Section 9.2.

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In addition, the consent of Holders representing at least two-thirds of outstanding Securities will be required to release the Liens for the benefit of the Holders of the Securities on all or substantially all of the Collateral, other than in accordance with the Note Documents.

The consent of the Holders is not necessary under this Section 9.2 to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or waiver.  It is sufficient if the consent approves the substance of the proposed amendment or waiver.

After an amendment, supplement or waiver under this Section 9.2 becomes effective, the Company shall mail to each Holder of Securities affected thereby a notice briefly describing such amendment.  The failure to give such notice to any or all Holders, or any defect therein, shall not impair or affect the validity of any amendment, supplement or waiver under this Section 9.2.

Section 9.3                                    [Reserved]

Section 9.4                                    Notation on or Exchange of Securities