BY-LAWS
OF
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇.▇▇▇ TRUST
ARTICLE 1
---------
AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST AND PRINCIPAL OFFICE
-------------------------------------------------------
1.1 AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST. These By-Laws shall be subject
to the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as from time to time in effect (the
"Declaration of Trust"), of ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇.▇▇▇ Trust, the Massachusetts business
trust established by the Declaration of Trust (the "Trust").
1.2 PRINCIPAL OFFICE OF THE TRUST. The principal office of the Trust
shall be located in Culver City, California.
ARTICLE 2
---------
MEETINGS OF TRUSTEES
--------------------
2.1 REGULAR MEETINGS. Regular meetings of the Trustees may be held
without call or notice at such places and at such times as the Trustees may from
time to time determine, provided that notice of the first regular meeting
following any such determination shall be given to absent Trustees.
2.2 SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the Trustees may be held at
any time and at any place designated in the call of the meeting when called by
the Chairman of the Trustees, the President or the Treasurer or by two or more
Trustees, sufficient notice thereof being given to each Trustee by the Secretary
or an Assistant Secretary or by the officer of the Trustees calling the meeting.
2.3 NOTICE. It shall be sufficient notice to a Trustee of a special
meeting to send notice by mail at least forty-eight (48) hours or by telegram at
least twenty-four (24) hours before the meeting addressed to the Trustee at his
or her usual or last known business or residence address or to give notice to
him or her in person or by telephone at least twenty-four (24) hours before the
meeting. Notice of a meeting need not be given to any Trustee if a written
waiver of notice, executed by him or her before or after the meeting, is filed
with the records of the meeting, or to any Trustee who attends the meeting
without protesting prior thereto or at its commencement the lack of notice to
him or her. Neither notice of a meeting nor a waiver of a notice need specify
the purposes of the meeting.
1
2.4 QUORUM. At any meeting of the Trustees a majority of the Trustees
then in office shall constitute a quorum. Any meeting may be adjourned from time
to time by a majority of the votes cast upon the question, whether or not a
quorum is present, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further
notice.
2.5 PARTICIPATION BY TELEPHONE. One or more of the Trustees or of any
committee of the Trustees may participate in a meeting thereof by means of a
conference telephone or similar communications equipment allowing all persons
participating in the meeting to hear each other at the same time. Participation
by such means shall constitute presence in person at a meeting.
ARTICLE 3
---------
OFFICERS
--------
3.1 ENUMERATION; QUALIFICATION. The Trustees may, but are not required
to, elect or appoint officers of the Trust. The officers of the Trust, if
officers are elected or appointed, shall be a Chairman of the Trustees, a
President, a Treasurer, a Secretary, Vice Presidents, and Assistant Treasurers,
Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Vice Presidents, if any, as the Trustees
from time to time may in their discretion elect or as appointed from time to
time pursuant to authority delegated by the Trustees. The Trust may also have
such agents as the Trustees from time to time may in their discretion appoint.
The Chairman of the Trustees shall be a Trustee and may but need not be a
shareholder; and any other officer may be but none need be a Trustee or
shareholder. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.
3.2 ELECTION. If the Trustees choose to have a Chairman of the
Trustees, a President, a Treasurer, or a Secretary, such officers shall be
elected annually by the Trustees at a meeting held within the first six (6)
months of the Trust's fiscal year. The meeting at which the officers are elected
shall be known as the annual meeting of Trustees. Other officers, if any, may be
elected or appointed by the Trustees at said meeting or at any other time.
Vacancies in any office may be filled at any time.
3.3 TENURE. The Chairman of the Trustees, the President, the Treasurer,
and the Secretary, if elected, shall hold office until the next annual meeting
of the Trustees and until their respective successors are chosen and qualified,
or in each case until he or she sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes
disqualified. Each other officer shall hold office and each agent shall retain
authority at the pleasure of the Trustees.
3.4 POWERS. Subject to the other provisions of these By-Laws, if
officers are elected or appointed, each officer shall have, in addition to the
duties and powers set forth below in subsections 3.4(a) through 3.4(g) and in
the Declaration of Trust, such duties and powers as are commonly incident to the
office occupied by him or her as if the Trust were organized as a Massachusetts
business corporation and such other duties and powers as the Trustees may from
time to time designate. If no officers are elected or appointed, agents of the
Trust selected by the Trustees may exercise the duties and powers set forth
below in subsections 3.4(a) through 3.4(g)
2
and in the Declaration of Trust, as well as such duties and powers as are
commonly incident to those offices as if the Trust were organized as a
Massachusetts business corporation and such other duties and powers as the
Trustees may from time to time designate.
(a) CHAIRMAN; PRESIDENT. Unless the Trustees otherwise
provide, the Chairman of the Trustees, or, if there is none, or in the absence
of the Chairman, the President shall preside at all meetings of the shareholders
and of the Trustees. The President shall be the chief executive officer.
(b) VICE PRESIDENT. The Vice President, or if there be more
than one Vice President, the Vice Presidents in the order determined by the
Trustees (or if there be no such determination, then in the order of their
election) shall in the absence of the President or in the event of his inability
or refusal to act, perform the duties of the President, and when so acting,
shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the
President. The Vice Presidents shall perform such other duties and have such
other powers as the Board of Trustees may from time to time prescribe.
(c) TREASURER. The Treasurer shall be the chief financial and
accounting officer of the Trust, and shall, subject to the provisions of the
Declaration of Trust and to any arrangement made by the Trustees with a
custodian, investment adviser or manager, or transfer, shareholder servicing or
similar agent, be in charge of the valuable papers, books of account and
accounting records of the Trust, and shall have such other duties and powers as
may be designated from time to time by the Trustees or by the President.
(d) ASSISTANT TREASURER. The Assistant Treasurer, or if there
shall be more than one, the Assistant Treasurers in the order determined by the
Trustees (or if there be no such determination, then in the order of their
election), shall, in the absence of the Treasurer or in the event of his
inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the
Treasurer and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the
Board of Trustees may from time to time prescribe.
(e) SECRETARY. The Secretary shall record all proceedings of
the shareholders and the Trustees in books to be kept therefor, which books or a
copy thereof shall be kept at the principal office of the Trust. In the absence
of the Secretary from any meeting of the shareholders or Trustees, an assistant
secretary, or if there be none or if he or she is absent, a temporary secretary
chosen at such meeting shall record the proceedings thereof in the aforesaid
books.
(f) ASSISTANT SECRETARY. The Assistant Secretary, or if there
be more than one, the Assistant Secretaries in the order determined by the
Trustees (or if there be no determination, then in the order of their election),
shall, in the absence of the Secretary or in the event of his inability or
refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary and
shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of
Trustees may from time to time prescribe.
3
(g) ASSISTANT VICE PRESIDENTS. With respect to each Assistant
Vice President and the Vice President to whom such Assistant Vice President
reports, such Assistant Vice President, or if there be more than one, the
Assistant Vice President reporting to a given Vice President in the order
determined by the Trustees (or if there be no determination, then in the order
of their election), shall, in the absence of such Vice President or in the event
of his inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers
of such Vice President and shall perform such other duties and have such other
powers as the Board of Trustees may from time to time prescribe.
3.5 RESIGNATIONS AND REMOVALS. Any Trustee or officer may resign at any
time by written instrument signed by him or her and delivered to the Chairman,
the President or the Secre tary or to a meeting of the Trustees. Such
resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless specified to be effective at
some other time. The Trustees may remove any officer elected by them with or
without cause. Except to the extent expressly provided in a written agreement
with the Trust, no Trustee or officer resigning and no officer removed shall
have any right to any compensation for any period following his or her
resignation or removal, or any right to damages on account of such removal.
ARTICLE 4
---------
COMMITTEES
----------
4.1 GENERAL. The Trustees, by vote of a majority of the Trustees then
in office, may elect from their number an Executive Committee or other
committees and may delegate thereto some or all of their powers except those
which by law, by the Declaration of Trust, or by these By-Laws may not be
delegated. Except as the Trustees may otherwise determine, any such committee
may make rules for the conduct of its business, but unless otherwise provided by
the Trustees or in such rules, its business shall be conducted so far as
possible in the same manner as is provided by these By-Laws for the Trustees
themselves. All members of such committees shall hold such offices at the
pleasure of the Trustees. The Trustees may abolish any such committee at any
time. Any committee to which the Trustees delegate any of their powers or duties
shall keep records of its meetings and shall report its action to the Trustees.
The Trustees shall have power to rescind any action of any committee, but no
such rescission shall have retroactive effect.
ARTICLE 5
---------
REPORTS
-------
5.1 GENERAL. The Trustees and officers shall render reports at the time
and in the manner required by the Declaration of Trust or any applicable law.
Officers and Committees shall render such additional reports as they may deem
desirable or as may from time to time be required by the Trustees.
4
ARTICLE 6
---------
FISCAL YEAR
-----------
6.1 GENERAL. The fiscal year of the Trust shall be fixed by resolution
of the Trustees.
ARTICLE 7
---------
SEAL
----
7.1 GENERAL. The seal of the Trust shall consist of a flat-faced die
with the word "Massachusetts," together with the name of the Trust and the year
of its organization cut or engraved thereon, but, unless otherwise required by
the Trustees, the seal shall not be necessary to be placed on, and its absence
shall not impair the validity of, any document, instrument or other paper
executed and delivered by or on behalf of the Trust.
ARTICLE 8
---------
EXECUTION OF PAPERS
-------------------
8.1 GENERAL. Except as the Trustees may generally or in particular
cases authorize the execution thereof in some other manner, all deeds, leases,
contracts, notes and other obligations made by the Trustees may be signed by the
President, any Vice President, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, Secretary
or any Assistant Secretary, and need not bear the seal of the Trust. The
Chairman of the Board, President, Treasurer or Secretary may determine which
persons have authority to sign any documents on behalf of the Trust and
establish related policies.
ARTICLE 9
---------
ISSUANCE OF SHARE CERTIFICATES
------------------------------
9.1 SHARE CERTIFICATES. In lieu of issuing certificates for shares, the
Trustees or the transfer agent may either issue receipts therefor or may keep
accounts upon the books of the Trust for the record holders of such shares, who
shall in either case be deemed, for all purposes hereunder, to be the holders of
certificates for such shares as if they had accepted such certificates and shall
be held to have expressly assented and agreed to the terms hereof.
The Trustees may at any time authorize the issuance of share
certificates either in limited cases or to all shareholders. In that event, a
shareholder may receive a certificate stating the number of shares owned by him,
in such form as shall be prescribed from time to time by the Trustees. Such
certificate shall be signed by the President or a Vice President and by the
Treasurer or Assistant Treasurer. Such signatures may be facsimiles if the
certificate is signed by
5
a transfer agent, or by a registrar, other than a Trustee, officer or employee
of the Trust. In case any officer who has signed or whose facsimile signature
has been placed on such certificate shall cease to be such officer before such
certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Trust with the same effect as if
he were such officer at the time of its issue.
9.2 LOSS OF CERTIFICATES. In case of the alleged loss or destruction or
the mutilation of a share certificate, a duplicate certificate may be issued in
place thereof, upon such terms as the Trustees shall prescribe.
9.3 ISSUANCE OF NEW CERTIFICATE TO PLEDGEE. The Trustees may in their
discretion, or the Treasurer may pursuant to authority delegated by the
Trustees, institute a policy of enabling a pledgee of shares transferred as
collateral security to obtain a new certificate if the instrument of transfer
substantially describes the debt or duty that is intended to be secured thereby.
Such new certificate shall express on its face that it is held as collateral
security, and the name of the pledgor shall be stated thereon, who alone shall
be liable as a shareholder, and entitled to vote thereon.
9.4 DISCONTINUANCE OF ISSUANCE OF CERTIFICATES. The Trustees may at any
time discontinue the issuance of share certificates and may, by written notice
to each shareholder, require the surrender of share certificates to the Trust
for cancellation. Such surrender and cancellation shall not affect the ownership
of shares in the Trust.
ARTICLE 10
----------
DEALINGS WITH TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS
-----------------------------------
10.1 GENERAL. Any Trustee, officer or other agent of the Trust may
acquire, own and dispose of shares of the Trust to the same extent as if he were
not a Trustee, officer or agent; and the Trustees may accept subscriptions to
shares or repurchase shares from any firm or company in which any Trustee,
officer or other agent of the Trust may have an interest.
ARTICLE 11
----------
AMENDMENTS TO THE BY-LAWS
-------------------------
11.1 GENERAL. These By-Laws may be amended or repealed, in whole or in
part, by a majority of the Trustees then in office at any meeting of the
Trustees, or by one or more writings signed by such a majority.
Adopted: , 1999
6