Technology Service Agreement

Exhibit 4.41

English Translation

Contract registration No.:

Technology Service Agreement

Project name: Commercial exploration for the whole chain of advertising business and its technical application solutions

Client (Party A): Beijing Sohu Donglin Advertising Co., Ltd.

Service Provider (Party B): Beijing Sohu New Media Information Technology Co., Ltd.

Signing date: January 1, 2025

Signing place: Haidian District, Beijing

Term: January 1, 2025 to December 31, 2027

Prepared by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China

Technology Service Agreement

Client (Party A): Beijing Sohu Donglin Advertising Co., Ltd.

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Service Provider (Party B): Beijing Sohu New Media Information Technology Co., Ltd.

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In this contract, Party A commissions Party B to provide special technical services on the design of technical application solutions for the project of commercial exploration for the whole chain of advertising business, and shall pay the corresponding remuneration for the technical services. The parties hereto, after equal consultation and based on true and full expression of their respective intentions, reach the following agreement in accordance with the provisions of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China.

China’s online advertising market reached RMB 1006.54 billion in 2022, breaking the trillion yuan barrier, but the year-on-year growth rate was only 6.8% compared with 2021, the first time in recent years that the year-on-year growth rate fell below 10.0%. In 2023, with the gradual recovery of the macro-economy, the return to normalization of production and life, and the rapid development of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, brand marketing has gained fresh ground for development. China’s online advertising market is expected to rebound, reaching RMB 1136.86 billion in 2023, with a year-on-year growth rate of 12.9%. In the next three years, China’s online advertising market will gradually stabilize its growth after the advantageous period brought by the Internet.

Traffic space has peaked, the past advantage of relying on incremental user-driven conversion no longer exists, the future power of brand growth comes more from the enhancement of user value and consumption frequency, and the brand’s operation strategy will gradually turn to refinement and full-cycle. The new generation of consumers has grown up with social media, and they gather in the digital world because of interest and trust. In this context, consumers are increasingly demanding emotional value, and brand marketing can’t just stop at reaching, but should focus more importantly on interacting and dialoguing with consumers. In the future, brand marketing will become more content-based and socialized, with brands using quality content as an anchor to resonate with consumers and explore new room for growth.

At the same time, advertisers are generally aware of the importance of marketing digitalization and have increased their digital investment to improve their digital marketing capabilities in various fields such as advertising, user operation, data asset management, content generation and channel operation. Digital marketing relies on data to drive it, and the importance of data asset management in the process of building marketing digitally cannot be overstated, and is an area where most advertisers continue to make an effort. Meanwhile, as brand building moves from barbaric growth to meticulous cultivation, the importance of content is highlighted, and the focus of advertisers’ digital investment has begun to shift to content and creative generation. In the future, driven by technology, there will be a stronger innovative impetus for content-related marketing products.

Given the importance of technology to online marketing, and the fact that the creation of new technologies often directly or indirectly drives change in the marketing area, the implementation target of this Technology service agreement is as follows: against the background of the gradual fading of the Internet traffic advantage and the stabilization of the growth rate of the Internet advertising market, and in line with the trend of brand marketing gradually shifting to content, scenario and socialization, the Group has given full play to the role of the Group’s intelligent information marketing technology in driving the development of its business, so as to provide technical support for expanding the scale of the Group’s revenue from its online advertising business and the share of the market, and to safeguard the realization of the Group’s commercialization objective of improving its overall profitability.

By the end of 2022, China’s Internet penetration rate had risen to 75.6%, and social life was Internetized in all aspects. According to CNNIC statistics, as of June 2023, the top five types of Internet applications in terms of user size were instant messaging, online video, short video, online payment and online shopping, and the utilization rates of the above types of Internet applications were all above 80%. In addition, the Internet has gradually penetrated into the fields of traveling, office and medical care. Thus, as the Internet gradually becomes a basic facility of social life, consumers’ attention is shifted to online world and keeps flowing in a huge number of applications, and online business has become a place where brand marketing must compete.

In the above context, it is clear by analyzing the current digital marketing applications that:

In 2023, the top three areas where marketing digitalization is more maturely applied are data asset management, advertisement placement, user operation and process management, with 68.3%, 66.7% and 60.0% of advertisers choosing to have basically realized marketing digitalization in these areas, respectively. In 2024, 90.0% of advertisers expect to increase their investment in marketing digitization, with data asset management and content and creative generation being chosen by 61.1% of advertisers as the top two areas in which they plan to increase investment next year.

In 2023, 48.3% of advertisers have already applied AIGC to online marketing, of which 93.1% have applied AIGC to assist creative content production. Among the advertisers who have not yet applied AIGC, 25.8% intend to do so in the coming year. At this stage, the important role of AIGC in marketing is recognized by most advertisers, and there are industry differences in application, with the gaming industry showing stronger action.

China’s online advertising market is entering a stage of steady growth, and the penetration rate of mobile advertising, which is the mainstay of the market, is also stabilizing, with the existing market placing more emphasis on user stickiness and user value. In the next few years, e-commerce ads and short video ads will remain the two pillars of the online advertising market, and their continuous growth has built up confidence in the market. E-commerce advertising will remain the preferred choice of most brands in the future as it emphasizes the certainty of growth brought by the channels. Short videos occupy the attention of most users and are an important touchpoint for brands.

In the current market environment, more brand owners have started to turn their attention to effect advertising, which can help brand owners quickly reach the conversion target and is an efficient means to pursue growth. At the same time, most brand owners still recognize the value of brand advertising, and the accumulation of long-term assets through brand advertising is the strength of the brand to go through the cycle and compete for the existing market. In the future, the balance of effect advertising will return to a more reasonable range, and the value of brand advertising will be more prominently reflected.

As digital life becomes richer and richer, the use of media is deeply integrated with life scenarios, and single-channel investment is a thing of the past. Brands need to create a refined media layout strategy based on the crowd characteristics and usage scenarios of different media platforms. In terms of media types, most brand owners will continue to invest more budget in short video/live streaming platforms in the future.

In conjunction with the above future trends in the online advertising market, the technical services under this contract are as follows: On the basis of the client’s (Party A’s) full understanding of the technical background of the service provider (Party B), Party A commissions Party B (the technical service provider) to utilize the quality and efficiency enhancement technology for the whole chain of the advertising business with independent intellectual property rights in its possession, and to integrate its experience in the application of the intelligent information marketing technology in the operation and maintenance of online advertisements that has been accumulated by it in enhancing the commercial value of the Group to provide a technical solution of “commercial exploration for the whole chain of the advertising business and its technical application” to Party A in response to Party A’s demand for improving the capacity and quality of the whole chain of advertising business, and to ultimately realize the intended purpose of this Technology service agreement, which is, through the implementation and application of the technical service solutions under this contract, and driven by technology, the Group will provide technical support for the innovation of the operation management and business model of the Group’s online advertising business while expanding the scale of revenue and market share of the Group’s online advertising business, thereby enhancing the overall profitability of the Group.

Party A and Party B agree that in the process of providing Party A with the technical services under this contract, Party B’s own technologies applied mainly include:

This technology relates to the field of data processing technology, which provides a method of advertisement data processing, capable of realizing the linked display of advertisements of multiple advertisement positions, and increasing the interest of users in advertisements. The technology also provides an advertisement data processing device to ensure the realization and application of the above method in practice.

This technology belongs to the field of computer technology, and is a multimedia recommendation method, device, apparatus and storage medium, which is used to solve the problem of the lack of universality of multimedia recommendation models in existing recommendation systems.

This technology relates to the field of big data technology, and the purpose of the technical application is to improve the efficiency of determining the timeliness of news.

This technology relates to the field of Internet advertising technology, and the purpose of the application of technology is to reduce the deviation of the advertisement delivery rate from the advertisement delivery plan and improve the accuracy of the advertisement delivery rate.

This technology relates to the technical field of comment generation, and is applied to solve the problem that comments produced by existing technologies cannot effectively stimulate users’ interest and feedback.

This technology relates to the field of computer network technology, and the application of this technology aims to improve the accuracy of the knowledge of text feature vectors, avoid the situation of generating comments with confused logic before and after the generation, so as to ensure the coherence of the generated comments and improve the user reading experience.

This technology relates to the field of the Internet, and the application of this technology can accurately generate question text and viewpoint text, effectively solving the problems existing in the existing technology.

This technology relates to the field of machine learning technology, which is used to solve the problems of existing parallel corpus construction methods: it is time-consuming and laborious, the quality of the corpus is unstable, and it is prone to adversely affect the training effect.

This technology relates to the field of machine learning technology, and is a text categorization method, which is used to solve the problem that in the existing categorization method, the categorization model is prone to overfitting phenomenon, resulting in poor categorization accuracy. This technology also provides a text classification device to ensure the realization and application of the above method in practice.

This contract shall be performed in Haidian District, Beijing.

The term of this contract is from January 1, 2025 to December 31, 2027.

The parties hereto agree that during the term of this contract, Party B shall adopt an iterative development method to complete the technical solution design of the services hereunder in phases, so that it reaches the implementable state, and report the implementation of the technical services of the previous year to Party A within 30 days after the end of each calendar year. Party A shall issue a written acceptance certificate, which shall be regarded as recognition by the client that the progress of the technical service of the service provider is in line with the provisions of this contract.

On the one hand, the online advertising business has many roles and complex links, covering scenarios from ad sales, ad placement to ad display; on the other hand, online advertising is a system that is highly dependent on digitization and data analysis for decision-making.

Therefore, the technical services of this project are oriented to the following five types of technical problems: delivery efficiency, response time, simulation capability, stability and security, so as to provide commercial technical solutions for the whole chain of the Group’s advertising business.

The technical service solutions under this contract include the following:

The Group’s advertising business systems include: B2B business system, B2C business system and commercial intelligence business system.

This technical application is dedicated to providing a training method, a method of using a video labeling model, and a related product to accurately and quickly label videos.

This technical application endeavors to provide a comment display method, apparatus, and device capable of displaying one comment of each type in a comment area of an object, reducing the cost of reading comments by a user, and improving the user’s experience of reading comments.

This technical application strives to provide a method that allows for a more comprehensive answer to a RAG that can still be answered with the answer dispersed across multiple blocks.

This technical application aims to deploy an online reasoning recall service by realizing real-time user-item interaction at the recall stage while balancing system time consumption and recommendation performance.

This technical application is dedicated to providing a data processing system, method, apparatus and storage medium to realize the client’s demand for live broadcasting of audio data, which contributes to the development of live broadcasting applications in the audio medium.

This technical application is directed to providing a message reminder method, apparatus, storage medium, and server for the purpose of realizing a reminder of the number of unread messages on a client.

This technical application aims to provide a new generalized data storage solution that addresses the following technical issues:

For details of the key technologies and solution design involved in the “commercial exploration for the whole chain of advertising business and its technical application solutions” referred to in this contract, please refer to the “Annex: Technical Service Solutions Specification”.

The guarantee period for the services under this contract is 10 working days from the date when Party A issues the acceptance certificate. If defects in service quality are found during the guarantee period, Party B shall be responsible for reworking or taking remedial measures. However, Party A shall not be responsible for the problems caused by improper use and storage.

Party A’s capital return = Party A’s annual net profit/paid-in capital x 100%

Accounting result 1: Party A’s capital return is ≥20%, then the share shall be implemented in accordance with the ratio agreed in the preceding paragraph of this contract.

Accounting result 2: Party A’s capital return is < 20%, Party B shall make up the difference to Party A according to the guaranteed capital return, i.e. Party A shall reduce the technical service fee payable to Party B in the current period accordingly so that Party A’s capital return reaches 20%.

4.2.4 The name, address and account number of Party B’s account-opening bank

Bank name: China Merchants Bank Beijing Beisanhuan Sub-branch

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Dongcheng District, Beijing

Account Number: 862281851810001

During the term of this contract and the confidentiality period agreed by the parties, they shall observe the following confidentiality responsibilities and bear the corresponding responsibilities arising from the breach of confidentiality.

The parties hereto agree that this confidentiality clause shall survive the modification, cancellation or termination of this contract, and they shall continue to perform their respective confidentiality obligations.

Failure by either party to comply with the confidentiality provisions set forth herein shall be deemed a breach of this contract. The breaching party shall be liable for the losses caused to the non-breaching party because of its breach. If the non-breaching party believes that the remedy of damages alone is not sufficient for a breach of this contract, the non-breaching party shall also be entitled to injunctions, specific performance, or other reasonable remedies. With regard to the liability for losses caused to the non-breaching party due to leakage of confidential information, both parties agree to sign a separate supplementary agreement in the course of the execution of the contract in accordance with the actual situation and needs, which shall have the same legal effect as this contract. Moreover, the parties agree that the supplementary agreement shall prevail in case of any conflict between the supplementary agreement and this contract.

The performance of this contract shall be carried out by Party B (the technical service provider) by utilizing the quality improvement and efficiency enhancement technology for the whole advertising business chain in respect of which it possesses independent intellectual property rights, integrating its accumulated experience in the application of intelligent information marketing technology in the operation and maintenance of online advertisements that enhances the commercial value of the Group, and providing Party A with a technical solution entitled “commercial exploration for the whole chain of advertising business and its technological application” in response to the needs of Party A for the enhancement of the service capacity and quality of the whole chain of advertising business.

Based on the client’s (Party A’s) full understanding of the technical background of the service provider (Party B), the parties agree that Party B shall adopt an iterative development method to complete the technical solution design of the services hereunder in phases, so that it reaches the implementable state. Party A shall issue a written acceptance certificate, which shall be regarded as recognition by the client that the acceptance has been passed.

The parties agree that during the term of this contract Party B shall report the implementation of the technical services of the previous year to Party A within 30 days after the end of each calendar year on Party A’s office premises. Party A shall issue a written acceptance certificate, which shall be regarded as recognition by the client that the acceptance has been passed.

If either party requests to terminate this contract, this contract shall be terminated based on a consensus reached through friendly consultation between the parties and the signing of a supplemental agreement to terminate this contract, which shall be confirmed by the signatures and seals of the parties.

The remainder of this page is intentionally left blank.

Party A: Beijing Sohu Donglin Advertising Co., Ltd. (seal)

January 1, 2025

Party B: Beijing Sohu New Media Information Technology Co., Ltd. (seal)

January 1, 2025

Paste duty stamp here:

(To be completed by the technical contract registration authority below)

Contract registration No.:

Annex:

Technical Service Solutions Specification

Project name: Commercial exploration for the whole chain of advertising business and its technical application solutions

Client (Party A): Beijing Sohu Donglin Advertising Co., Ltd.

Service Provider (Party B): Beijing Sohu New Media Information Technology Co., Ltd.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Overview of the Technical Service Project

China’s online advertising market reached the volume of RMB 1006.54 billion in 2022, breaking the trillion yuan barrier, but the year-on-year growth rate was only 6.8% compared with 2021, the first time in recent years that the year-on-year growth rate fell below 10.0%.

In 2023, with the gradual recovery of the macro-economy, the return to normalization of production and life, and the rapid development of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, brand marketing has gained fresh ground for development. China’s online advertising market is expected to rebound, reaching RMB 1136.86 billion in 2023, with a year-on-year growth rate of 12.9%.

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In the next three years, China’s online advertising market will gradually stabilize its growth after the advantageous period brought by the Internet.

The share of e-commerce ads topped the list at 40.8% in 2022, followed by short video ads at 25.3%. In the next few years, the shares of both e-commerce and short-video ads show a year-on-year increasing trend, and it is expected that in 2025 the combined share of the two can reach 70%.

Compared with other ad categories, e-commerce ads are closer to conversion and get more budget from advertisers. In terms of growth rate, the segment with the highest growth rate in 2022 will be short video ads, which, as one of the most popular content carriers today, is gradually becoming the main form of communication favored by most advertisers.

In 2022, the market size of China’s mobile advertising industry reached RMB894.65 billion. With the popularization of mobile devices and the development of users’ habits, the proportion of mobile ads in online ads is gradually increasing, and the penetration rate of mobile ads in the overall online advertising market further increased to 88.9% in 2022. By 2025, the mobile advertising market size is expected to reach RMB 1,212.42 billion, and the compound annual growth rate for the next three years is expected to be 10.7%, slightly higher than the overall online advertising market.

In the next three years, the penetration rate of mobile advertising in the online advertising market will gradually peak, and the market will be driven more by brand owners’ emphasis on online advertising and innovations within each segmented track.

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In 2023, Social production and life have accelerated recovery, and the national economy has continued to stabilize and gradually rebound, entering a stage of mild recovery. The current economic recovery is characterized by waves and zigzags, demonstrating the great developmental resilience and potential of China’s economy.

According to the data released by the Bureau of Statistics, in the first three quarters of 2023, GDP grew by 5.2% year-on-year at constant prices, and GDP grew by 1.3% in the third quarter on a year-on-year basis, accelerating by 0.8 percentage points compared with the second quarter (0.5%), with the degree of improvement in the economy rising.

At the beginning of 2023, the Ministry of Commerce designated this year as the “Year of Consumption Revitalization”, setting the main tone for expanding domestic demand and promoting consumption throughout the year. Consumption is one of the important forces supporting economic growth, and the government has clearly focused on expanding domestic demand, prioritizing the restoration and expansion of consumption. Since the beginning of this year, policies to promote consumption have been released one after another, from optimizing the consumption environment to boosting consumer confidence and other aspects in order to promote consumption in a stable manner.

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According to data released by the Bureau of Statistics, in the first three quarters of 2023, China’s per capita consumption expenditure grew by 8.8% in real terms compared to the same period of the previous year, and the contribution rate of final consumption expenditure to economic growth was 83.2%, pulling GDP growth by 4.4 percentage points. The growth rate of per capita consumption expenditure in the first three quarters was higher than the growth rate of per capita disposable income. The propensity to consume has improved significantly, and policies have continued to take effect to ensure the sustainability of consumption growth.

By the end of 2022, China’s Internet penetration rate had increased to 75.6%, and social life was Internetized in all aspects. According to CNNIC statistics, as of June 2023, the top five types of Internet applications in terms of user size were instant messaging, online video, short video, online payment and online shopping, and the utilization rates of the above types of Internet applications were all above 80%. In addition, the Internet has gradually penetrated into the fields of traveling, office and medical care.

As the Internet gradually becomes a basic facility for social life, consumers’ attention is shifted to online and keeps flowing in a huge number of applications, and online market has become the place where brand marketing must compete.

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Moving forward under pressure is the main theme of the current market, and signs of macroeconomy and consumer market recovery have boosted advertisers’ confidence to a certain extent. More than 70% of advertisers agree that there are suppressed consumer demands to be released in the current market, and 56.7% of advertisers maintain optimistic expectations for their industry.

Confidence is more valuable than gold. The external world is full of uncertainties and uncontrollable variables, market fluctuations mean changes, and new opportunities may lie in the changes. Maintaining confidence and expectation is an important internal driving force for brands to follow the trend, and a precursor to actively take action to seek new changes.

In the marketing planning for 2024, the percentage of enterprises investing more than 70% of their budgets in online marketing has increased to 41.7%, with online marketing being placed in a more critical position. Among the marketing objectives, product promotion, brand awareness and brand favorability ranked among the top three, with all enterprises taking product promotion as one of the main objectives of online marketing. It can be seen that product promotion, which is mainly based on new products and popular products, is regarded as a necessary means for enterprises to explore new opportunities and stand out, while brand awareness and brand favorability and other objectives related to brand building are still an important point of strength in the process of online marketing.

Online advertising is the main expenditure of online marketing, and 40% of enterprises spend 60-80% of their online marketing budget on advertising. Enterprises use advertisements to deliver information to the public and realize the tangible expression of brand concepts. Specifically, the top three main objectives of advertisers’ online advertising are related to brand awareness, brand concept and brand image, and advertising is a key marketing tool for obtaining consumers’ attention on a large scale and influencing consumer behavior.

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At this stage, advertisers prefer effect ads in the allocation of online advertising budgets. 76.7% of advertisers’ effect ads are equal to or higher than brand ads, and 46.7% of advertisers will choose to invest more in effect ads in the plan for 2024. Brand advertising is still valuable to most advertisers, with 85% of advertisers recognizing the importance of brand advertising at this stage and believing that brands can bring long-term value to enterprises. Stability and focus on long-term goals amidst short-term changes will make brands more sustainable.

According to CNNIC statistics, as of June 2023, the scale of China’s cell phone netizens reached 1.076 billion, and the proportion of netizens using cell phones to access the Internet was 99.8%. The extremely high coverage of netizens on the mobile terminal determines that mobile advertisement is an inextricable topic in the battle for online attention. At this stage, 96.7% of enterprises are placing advertisements on mobile terminal, indicating that the market has entered an era of fierce competition. From the perspective of content type, 90% of enterprises take infomercials as one of the main types of ad placement, and infomercials are the most mainstream form of advertising at present.

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Behind the ups and downs of the media landscape is the change of consumers’ information receiving habits and even digital lifestyles, with users’ attention traveling through different media, and brands entering the evolutionary stage of omni-directional media placement. Among the many media types, short video and live streaming platforms occupy absolute dominance, with more than 90% of advertisers investing in short video/live streaming platforms in 2023, while 90% of advertisers choose to increase their investment in this type of platform in 2024. The percentage of advertisers choosing traditional e-commerce platforms is the third highest among the media types expected to increase in 2024, reflecting brands’ emphasis on consumer portals and pursuit of growth certainty at this stage.

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The top three marketing nodes that most advertisers will pay attention to in 2023 are industry-specific campaign nodes, holiday nodes and e-commerce promotion nodes. In industry-specific marketing campaigns, brands have more initiative in terms of communication rhythm and content, and this is an important time to focus on delivering brand voice and strengthening brand connotation. Holidays and e-commerce promotions, as more conventional marketing nodes, have many participants and are highly competitive, so differentiation is the key for brands to stand out.

In 2023, 86.7% of advertisers will carry out campaign marketing, and more than one-third of advertisers will have more than 10 campaigns. 98.3% of advertisers will carry out new product marketing, looking for breakthroughs with the help of new product launches, and successful new product launches can maintain the market’s recognition of the brand and continue the brand’s vitality.

The importance of KOL marketing in advertisers’ mind is increasing, with 86.7% of advertisers carrying out KOL marketing in 2023 and 91.7% of advertisers expected to carry out KOL marketing in 2024. The quality of content and the stickiness of fans give KOL marketing value, and advertisers utilize the content produced by KOLs to deliver brand messages and reach the fans behind them. The influence of KOLs deepens the link between brands and target consumers, greatly improving marketing efficiency.

While the top influencers have a huge coverage, the middle-level influencers are scattered in many circles, specializing in a certain vertical group of people or a certain vertical content area. 98.1% of advertisers have cooperated with middle-level influencers, and few advertisers have cooperated with only comprehensive influencers in the cooperation with the middle-level influencers. The top influencers are better at relying on their huge influence to help brands realize rapid conversion, while the middle-level influencers cultivate users’ minds in the process of daily content dissemination and interaction.

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According to CNNIC statistics, as of June 2023, the scale of China’s live streaming users reached 765 million, accounting for 71.0% of the total number of Internet users. More and more enterprises realize that live streaming marketing is an effective path to achieve growth. More than half of the advertisers carry out both brand self-live streaming and influencer live streaming. Influencer live streaming relies on the influence of influencers themselves to promote the brand to break the circle and realize large-scale conversion. Brand self-live streaming allows brands to get closer to consumers and reach a continuous dialogue with consumers through regularized operation.

81.7% of advertisers conducted online content marketing in 2023, and this percentage is expected to rise to 88.3% next year. When conducting content marketing, the areas that advertisers pay most attention to are social media short videos and social media graphics. in 2024, the top three areas in which the most advertisers expect to increase their spending are social media short videos, social media graphics and short dramas, respectively. The social media era provides more carriers for brand voice, and brands have emotional resonance with consumers through content. The emphasis on content marketing reflects that brands are beginning to shift to meticulous brand building. In the fast-paced and fragmented communication environment, short drama has become a hot new track in the content field with its short, fast and emotional features, and has begun to carry advertisers’ content marketing demands.

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In 2023, the top three areas where marketing digitalization is more maturely applied are data asset management, advertisement placement, user operation and process management, with 68.3%, 66.7% and 60.0% of advertisers having chosen to basically realize marketing digitalization in this area, respectively.

In 2024, 90.0% of advertisers expect to increase their marketing digitalization investment, with data asset management and content and creative generation being chosen by 61.1% of advertisers as the top two areas in which they plan to increase their investment next year.

In 2023, 48.3% of advertisers have already applied AIGC to online marketing, with 93.1% of advertisers applying AIGC to assist in creative content production. Of the advertisers who have not yet applied AIGC, 25.8% have the intention to do so in the coming year.

The importance of technology to online marketing is undeniable, and the birth of new technology often directly or indirectly drives changes in the marketing field. At this stage, the important role of AIGC in the marketing field is recognized by most advertisers, and industry differences are presented at the application level, with the gaming industry showing stronger action.

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China’s online advertising market is entering a stage of steady growth, and the penetration rate of mobile advertising, the mainstay of the broader market, is likewise stabilizing, with the stock market placing more emphasis on user stickiness and user value. In the next few years, e-commerce advertising and short video advertising will remain the two pillars of the online advertising market, and the continued growth of both will build up confidence in the market. E-commerce advertising emphasizes the certainty of growth brought by the channel, and will remain the first choice of most brands in the future. Short videos occupy the attention of most users and are an important touchpoint for brands.

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Under the current market environment, more brand owners have started to turn their attention to the effect advertising, which can help brand owners quickly reach the conversion target and is an efficient means to pursue growth. At the same time, most brand owners still recognize the value of brand advertising, and accumulating long-term equity through brand advertising is a sure way for brands to move through cycles and compete for the stock customers. In the future, the scale of effect advertising will return to a more reasonable range, and the value of brand advertising will be more prominently reflected.

Digital life is getting richer day by day, media usage and life scenes are deeply integrated, and single-channel placement is a thing of the past. Brands need to create a refined media layout strategy based on the crowd characteristics and usage scenarios of different media platforms. In terms of media types, most brand owners will continue to invest more budget in short video/live streaming platforms in the future.

The traffic has peaked, and the past a of relying advantage on incremental users to drive conversion no longer exists. In the future, the impetus for brand growth will come more from the enhancement of user value and consumption frequency, and the brand operation strategy will gradually shift to refinement and full cycle. The new generation of consumers has grown up with social media, and they gather in the digital world because of interest and trust. In this context, consumers’ demand for emotional value is getting higher and higher, and brand marketing can’t just stay in reaching, but more importantly interacting and dialoguing with consumers. In the future, brand marketing will become more content-based and socialized, and brands will use quality content as an anchor to resonate with consumers and explore new growth space.

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Advertisers generally realize the importance of marketing digitization and increase their digital investment to improve their digital marketing capabilities in multiple areas, such as advertising, user operation, data asset management, content generation and channel operation. Digital marketing is data driven. The importance of data asset management in the process of marketing digitalization is self-evident, and it is also an area where most advertisers continue to make efforts. At the same time, as brand building moves from barbaric growth to meticulous cultivation, the importance of content is highlighted, and the focus of advertisers’ digital investment has begun to shift to content and creative generation. In the future, under the impetus of technology, there will be a stronger impetus for innovation in content-related marketing products.

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The technology provides an advertisement data processing method and apparatus, storage medium, and electronic device. The method comprises: receiving a linkage advertisement request sent by a client, which comprises a plurality of advertisement position information and advertisement demand information corresponding to each advertisement position information; the advertisement demand information designating a linkage method of the advertisement position information; based on the advertisement position information and the advertisement demand information, selecting candidate advertisement information corresponding to each advertisement position information in an advertisement template material library; among the candidate advertisement information corresponding to each advertisement position information, the target advertisement information corresponding to each advertisement position information that meets the processing conditions is obtained; each target advertisement information is encapsulated to obtain the response message of the linked advertisement; the response message of the linked advertisement is sent to the client, so as to cause the client to display the linked advertisement based on the respective target advertisement information. By applying the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to realize the linked display of advertisements of a plurality of advertisement positions, and increase the interest of users in the advertisements.

The technology provides a multimedia recommendation method, device, apparatus, and storage medium, which obtains user information and extracts user information features including user identification, user behavioral preference portrait, and historical clicking information from the user information, inputs the user information features into a preset multimedia recommendation model that is capable of calculating the scores of each multimedia in the multimedia pool in a set link based on the user behavioral preference portrait and the historical click information, sets the link as the link related to user behavior in the behavioral transformation chain by using the scores of each multimedia in each link, and then calculates the fusion ranking score of each multimedia in the multimedia pool in different consumption scenarios. The preset multimedia recommendation model is capable of calculating fusion ranking scores for different consumption scenarios and can be applied generally. Finally, the multimedia is recommended to the user according to the order of the fusion sorting score from high to low.

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The technology provides a method and apparatus for determining the timeliness of news, which obtains news to be detected, and classifies the news to be detected using a text categorization tool. If the news to be detected is a sports news, it can detect whether there is a sports event corresponding to the news to be detected in a library of events. If there is such an event, it can obtain a start time and an end time of the sports event. According to the release time of the news to be detected, the start time and the end time of the sports event, the expiration time of the news to be detected is determined. If the news to be detected is other news, or the expiration time of the news to be detected in the sports category is determined, then the rule base is used to match the expiration time of the news to be detected with one or more expiration times. By integrating multiple expiration times, the final expiration time of the news to be detected is obtained. Different categories of news have different timeliness determination methods, and the expiration time of the news to be detected can be determined according to the determination method, thus improving the efficiency of determining the timeliness of news.

The technology provides an advertisement placement rate control method and device, relating to the field of Internet technology advertising. The method comprises: according to an uploaded flow of advertisement exposures received in real time, performing a cumulative calculation of the uploaded volume for a scheduling package, and obtaining an actual placement volume of the scheduling package; updating a participation rate of the scheduling package according to the difference between the actual placement volume of the scheduling package and the predicted placement volume of a predicted traffic curve of the scheduling package; and controlling the placement rate of the scheduling package according to the updated participation rate of the scheduling package. Since the predicted traffic curve is calculated based on historical recall request data, i.e., data such as the number of historical recall requests and the maximum exposure position of each historical recall request, the predicted traffic curve takes into account the case of shared traffic, and the predicted traffic curve also combines the historical data, which improves the accuracy of the predicted traffic curve, and thus improves the accuracy of the control of the rate of advertisement placement.

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The technology provides a text processing method and apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium, which comprises: acquiring a plurality of corpus data; the plurality of corpus data comprising target media data and target popular text; extracting keywords of each corpus data and analyzing sentiment categories to which each corpus data belongs, respectively; based on the keywords of the respective corpus data and the sentiment categories to which each corpus data belongs, matching each target media data with each target popular text; extracting entity words in each target media data; rewriting the entity words in the extracted target media data according to the preset rules for each target media data, respectively; adding the entity words in the rewritten target media data to the target popular text that matches the target media data, and obtaining the initial parallel utterance of the target media data; inputting the initial parallel utterance of the target media data into the text rewriting model for adjustment, and obtaining the final parallel utterance of the target media data.

The technology provides a comment generation method, system, storage medium and electronic device that obtains text data, performs knowledge enhancement processing on a text feature vector of the text data by a predetermined training comment model, and reduces the text feature vector after the knowledge enhancement processing to obtain a comment corresponding to the text data. By the above-described scheme, the predetermined training comment model obtained by pre-training operation of the comment model to be trained ensures the coherence of the sentences generated by the predetermined training comment model, and the knowledge enhancement processing of the text feature vector of the text data is performed by the predetermined training comment model to improve the accuracy of the knowledge of the text feature vector, avoid the situation of generating the comments that are logically confusing before and after the generation of the comments, thus ensure that the coherence of the generated comments, and improve the user reading experience.

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The technology provides a text generation method and a related device, which can perform feature extraction on a news text through a first encoder to obtain a corresponding first feature; perform a cross-attention mechanism calculation on the first feature through a first decoder to obtain a corresponding issue text; fuse the first feature and the issue text to obtain a second feature; perform a cross-attention mechanism calculation on the second feature through a second decoder to obtain two viewpoint texts with opposing viewpoints. The invention can extract rich features based on the first encoder after fully understanding the content of the news text, and then accurately generate the corresponding issue text based on the first decoder, and generate the corresponding viewpoint text based on the second decoder after fully fusing the issue text with the features. Thus, the viewpoint text is obtained after a full understanding of the issue, generating a high degree of accuracy in the issue text and viewpoint text, and the confrontation of the viewpoint text is clear and easy to distinguish.

The technology provides a parallel corpus construction method and apparatus, a storage medium, and an electronic device, which comprises: determining a plurality of raw corpora, which include a plurality of text corpora and a plurality of comment corpora with a particular language style; performing a keyword extraction process on each raw corpus, and obtaining a collection of keywords corresponding to each raw corpus; based on the set of keywords corresponding to each raw corpus, determining the sentiment type corresponding to each raw corpus; based on the sentiment type corresponding to each raw corpus, among the plurality of comment corpus, determining the target comment corpus corresponding to each text corpus; according to a predetermined comment rewriting strategy, rewriting and processing the target comment corpus corresponding to each text corpus, and obtaining the rewritten comment corpus corresponding to each text corpus; and treating each text corpus and its corresponding rewritten comment corpus as a set of parallel corpus. By applying the method of the present invention, the construction efficiency of the parallel corpus can be improved and the quality of the parallel corpus can be improved.

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The technology provides a text classification method and apparatus, a storage medium and an electronic device, which comprises: determining a corresponding title text, a body text and a viewpoint option text when the target text needs to be classified in a content-oriented manner; splicing the title text, the body text and the viewpoint option text in accordance with a predetermined text format to obtain the text to be recognized; inputting the text to be recognized into a preconstructed multi-label classification model, and after processing by the model, obtaining each orientation category output by the model, and taking each orientation category as the classification result of the target text. Said multi-label classification model is a classification model constructed based on a predetermined set of initial samples, a training data optimization strategy, a cue learning method, and a pre-trained language model. By applying the method of the present invention, the training effect of the model can be improved by means of cue learning and optimization of the training data, the classification accuracy of the model can be improved, and the accuracy of the text content-oriented classification can be improved.

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Since its establishment, the company has gathered a number of R&D teams with doctoral and master’s degrees, as well as researchers and senior engineers. At the same time, in order to attract more senior talents and create a better environment for scientific research, the company has invested heavily in the purchase of servers and other hardware equipment, which, together with the group’s mature R&D management system and operation and maintenance guarantee system, ensures the safety and stability of the products and services, and fully reflects the company’s ability of scientific and technological development and transformation in the field of the Internet. The company’s ability of scientific and technological development and transformation in the field of Internet is fully demonstrated, and the company has been authorized as a “National High-tech Enterprise”. On the other hand, to promote scientific research projects as soon as possible and make full use of the advantages of scientific and technological talents of higher education institutions, the company actively carries out industry-academia-research activities with famous universities and research institutes.

The team providing technical services for this project is made up of key members from the technology R&D center of Sohu Group Company. These core members have accumulated profound technical skills in various aspects of information technology research and development, such as network and information management, network and information security, database management, IT project management, chief information officer (CIO), etc., in many years of Internet development as well as in the process of following the development of mainstream technologies. Moreover, the members of the technology R&D center have made remarkable achievements in Internet product planning through a lot of Internet research and self-innovation, and a number of products planned have achieved excellent results.

In addition, the Sohu media platform operation team, which provides technical services for this project, manages the operation of thousands of servers and is responsible for the daily service of the platform products. During the operation process, the team has established a perfect product operation platform, has an operation team with practical experience, and has accumulated a lot of operation experience.

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Chapter 2 Planning of Technical Service Solutions

On the one hand, the online advertising business has many roles and complex links, covering scenarios from ad sales, ad placement to ad display; on the other hand, online advertising is a system that is highly dependent on digitization and data analysis for decision-making.

Therefore, the technical services of this project are oriented to the following five types of technical problems: delivery efficiency, response time, simulation capability, stability and security, so as to provide commercial technical solutions for the whole chain of the Group’s advertising business.

The Group’s advertising business systems include: B2B business system, B2C business system and commercial intelligence business system.

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The following advertising sub-systems are included in the design of the technical service solutions for this project:

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Labeling videos with labeled features, referred to as video tagging, can describe videos at a finer granularity. In streaming media platforms, videos can be recommended to users more accurately by video tagging. The number of video tags is large, and there is no uniform standard for which words in a video can be used as content tags. Labeling of videos manually consumes a large amount of labor costs. In addition, video titles in streaming media platforms often vary in length and are not standardized, making it difficult for the tagging model to understand semantics, and even more difficult to accurately generate tags.

In existing technology, traditional video tagging methods are mainly for recognizing objects in video frames, or fixing candidate sets to classify key frames. From the perspective of video frames, the overall content of the video cannot be considered, and it is difficult to categorize the video content. At the same time, a huge number of tags means it is difficult to classify them and a huge library of tags. Therefore, the existing methods cannot accurately and quickly label videos.

In view of this, the present technical application is dedicated to providing a training method, a method of using a video tagging and labelling model, and a related product to accurately and quickly label videos.

To enhance user engagement with the client, users can comment on objects (e.g., news, videos) on the client. Currently, comments on the same object are usually sorted and displayed in the comment section of the object according to the time the comment was published, the hotness of the comment, and so on. It can be seen that the current way of displaying the comments, which displays all the comments jumbled together, increases the cost for the user to obtain the desired information by reading the comments, and is not friendly enough for the user.

In view of this, the present technical application endeavors to provide a comment display method, apparatus and device capable of displaying one comment of each type in the comment area of an object, reducing the cost of reading comments by a user, and improving the user’s experience of reading comments.

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RAG: Retrieval-Augmented Generation. With the development of large language models, there is an increasing demand for intelligent Q&A. RAG is a system that conducts Q&A based on the provision of additional knowledge to make up for the shortcomings of the lack of knowledge in large language models.

However, there are many problems with the current RAG system. One of the problems is that since the answer is scattered in multiple blocks, because of the limitation of the input length of the large language model, it is not possible to input these text blocks into the large language model at one time, and the answer generated by using only topk text blocks is one-sided and inaccurate. Thus, it cannot be answered accurately. To address this problem, this technical application is dedicated to providing a method that can still provide the answer scattered in multiple blocks, so that the answer of RAG can be more comprehensive.

Usually, due to the large number of candidate sets in the recall phase of the recommendation process, the model used in the recall phase usually uses a simple model with a small number of parameters, and generally can only use unilateral features on the item side. It first calculates the index or the item feature vector offline, and then realizes real-time interaction between the user and the item only when the number of candidate datasets is narrowed down to a few thousand or a few hundred during the coarse or fine scheduling phase. The cross-features of users and items are more important for improving recommendation accuracy. Therefore, this technical application is committed to realizing real-time interaction between users and items in the recall stage while balancing the system time-consumption and recommendation performance, and deploying an online reasoning recall service.

With the rapid development of technology, audio and video playback applications are becoming more and more widespread. For example, video media can be broadcast live or on-demand to meet the client’s playback needs.

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However, in practical applications, for audio data, there is no perfect and feasible solution that can realize the live broadcasting needs of audio, resulting in the poor development of live broadcasting applications of audio media such as audio radio and car voice.

In view of this, the present technical application is dedicated to providing a data processing system, method, apparatus, and storage medium to realize the client’s live broadcasting demand for audio data, which contributes to the development of live broadcasting applications of audio media.

With the development of Internet technology, each Internet user can publish his or her own or other people’s creative content on the Internet. Accordingly, any user can pay attention to a certain object on the client, and then the server pushes the content shared by the object to the client, thus realizing the message subscription, and making it convenient for the user to be informed of the news of the object of interest in a timely manner.

However, with the existing message subscription method, the user can only log in to the client and access the specified channel to be informed of the news release of the object of interest, and with the increase in the number of objects of interest to the user and the dramatic increase in the amount of news release, the client response time will be extended in order to load the massive amount of messages pushed by the server, which affects the user experience.

In view of this, the present technical application is dedicated to providing a message reminder method, a device, a storage medium, and a server side, with the purpose of realizing a reminder of the number of unread messages on the client side.

MMAP: (memory map) is a memory-mapped file method, that is, a file or other objects are mapped to the address space of the process, to realize a one-to-one mapping relationship between a file disk address and a segment of a virtual address in the process virtual address space.

This technical application is dedicated to providing a new type of generalized data storage solution that solves the following technical problems:

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Chapter 3: Project Implementation Management

In the planning and management of project implementation, the project undertaker is committed to building a systematic and strategic management system. Under the premise of accelerated technological progress in the Internet and improved means of competition, the external environment is becoming increasingly complex with accelerated changing and increasing uncertainty, and fierce competition makes corporate decision-making become more and more complex. At this time, the role of strategic management is very important, and enterprises need to build a systematic and strategic management system. The focus and difficulty of building a strategic management system is to establish an effective internal and external environmental monitoring system, to conduct forward-looking and systematic analysis and planning by a team of professional strategic analysts of the first-hand information obtained from the monitoring of the macro-environment, industry competition, market space, their own resources and business capabilities and other elements, and to develop clear and feasible near-term, medium-term and long-term business goals and business development direction.

The effectiveness of project management is directly related to the success or failure of the whole project. In particular, the implementation R&D of new Internet-related technical application project, both at home and abroad, is difficult and requires successful project management. This project management follows the principles of the World Project Management Institute and is developed in the context of the characteristics of Internet projects regarding IT system development and creative design.

The management model for this project has three main components:

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The project implementation method is a prerequisite and key element to ensure the successful completion of a project, which requires the effective collaboration of a variety of professionals to participate in an organized and planned resource management and distribution, and to ensure that the project is completed on time and in accordance with the quality to the greatest extent possible.

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The project is a continuous and cross-cutting implementation process of development and service application, and the technical results of one phase are the basis of the technical results of the next phase, which are interconnected and interact with each other, and organically constitute the implementation process of the whole project. Therefore, based on different tasks (Task) in different phases (Phase), this project is implemented by dynamic allocation of resources, and combined with the expertise of professionals, so that the project can be completed in accordance with the corresponding steps (Process). The steps and tasks of each phase of the project implementation are as follows:

The purpose of the planning and definition phase is to accurately capture the client’s business objectives and establish the project scope, and holistic and operational implementation. This includes a review of the client’s business strategy; identifying, documenting, and prioritizing a list of requirements, and proposing a draft system architecture; selecting project members, integrating the project team and organizing the project plan according to the characteristics of the project.

After obtaining the results of the project objectives, scope and list of high-level requirements, etc., analysis and design are carried out in more detail in terms of functionality, and technical aspects of the system architecture and visual creativity, which will be documented and discussed and improved by both parties. If necessary, a prototype or demo system will be created to test the design concept. Then, based on this design, the functional development, interactive information and interface design will be completed in a targeted manner.

Coding of the designed functional results will be developed by technical staff. The technical results will be put into use in phases.

Testing includes both functional and performance testing. The test results should be recorded in detail, and all the technical and specification knowledge that the client must have and understand should be transferred during the testing process to ensure that the client knows how to operate and maintain the system. At the end of the test, the client will issue a certificate of acceptance.

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In addition to the necessary monitoring and maintenance of the system in operation to ensure its proper functioning, the more important tasks in the management and maintenance phase are to test the actual system performance from a system that is in operation; to find out what needs to be improved and upgraded in operation; and to measure and compare the success of the system against the business objectives and needs. All of this information is organized into a plan for future enhancements and upgrades to the system.

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