Exhibit 1
EXHIBIT 1
---------
AGREEMENT AS TO JOINT FILING OF SCHEDULE 13G
--------------------------------------------
Each of the undersigned hereby affirms that it is individually eligible to use
Schedule 13G, and agrees that this Schedule 13G is filed on its behalf.
Date: January 23, 1998
THE TRAVELERS INSURANCE GROUP INC.
By: /s/ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
---------------------------
Name: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
Title: Assistant Secretary
PFS SERVICES, INC.
By: /s/ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
---------------------------
Name: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
Title: Assistant Secretary & Vice President
ASSOCIATED MADISON COMPANIES, INC.
By: /s/ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
---------------------------
Name: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
Title: Assistant Secretary & Vice President
TRAVELERS GROUP INC.
By: /s/ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
---------------------------
Name: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
Title: Assistant Secretary