SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS PLAN AGREEMENT August 25, 2011 between PASSPORT POTASH INC. and COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY OF CANADA as Rights Agent

authorized the issuance and distribution of one Right in respect of each Common Share outstanding at the Record Time; and

authorized the issuance of one Right in respect of each Common Share issued after the Record Time and prior to the earlier of the Separation Time and the Expiration Time;

Certain Definitions

"Acquiring Person" means, subject to Section 5.1(e), any Person who is the Beneficial Owner of 20% or more of the outstanding Voting Shares; provided, however, that the term "Acquiring Person" shall not include:

the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company;

any Person who becomes the Beneficial Owner of 20% or more of the outstanding Voting Shares as a result of any one or any combination of: (A) Voting Share Reductions; (B) Permitted Bid Acquisitions; (C) Exempt Acquisitions; (D) a Convertible Security Acquisition, or (E) Pro Rata Acquisitions; provided that if a Person shall become the Beneficial Owner of 20% or more of the outstanding Voting Shares by reason of any one or any combination of Voting Share Reductions, Permitted Bid Acquisitions, Exempt Acquisitions, Convertible Security Acquisitions or Pro Rata Acquisitions, if thereafter, such Person, while such Person is the Beneficial Owner of 20% or more of the outstanding Voting Shares, becomes the Beneficial Owner of additional Voting Shares which result in an increase of such Person's Beneficial Ownership of Voting Shares by more than 1% of the number of such Voting Shares outstanding as at the time of acquisition (other than pursuant to one or any combination of Voting Share Reduction, Permitted Bid Acquisitions, Exempt Acquisitions, Convertible Security Acquisitions or Pro Rata Acquisitions), then, as of the date such Person becomes the Beneficial Owner of such additional outstanding Voting Shares, such Person shall be an "Acquiring Person";

an underwriter or members of a banking or selling group that becomes the Beneficial Owner of 20% or more of the outstanding Voting Shares in connection with a distribution of securities pursuant to a prospectus or by way of private placement;

for a period of 10 days after the Disqualification Date (as hereinafter defined), any Person who becomes the Beneficial Owner of 20% or more of the outstanding Voting Shares as a result of such Person becoming disqualified from relying on clause 1.1(a)(v) hereof because such Person makes or announces an intention to make a Takeover Bid in respect of the Voting Shares alone or by acting jointly or in concert with any other Person and, for this purpose, “Disqualification Date” means the first date of public announcement of facts indicating that such Person is making or intends to make a Take-over Bid;

a Person (a “Grandfathered Person”) who is the Beneficial Owner of more than 20% of the outstanding Voting Shares determined as of the Record Time; provided, however, that this exemption shall not be, and shall cease to be, applicable to a Grandfathered Person in the event that such Grandfathered Person shall, after the Record Time, become the Beneficial Owner of additional Voting Shares that increases its Beneficial Ownership by more than 1% of the number of Voting Shares outstanding (other than through one or any combination of a Voting Share Reduction, a Permitted Bid Acquisition, an Exempt Acquisition, a Convertible Security Acquisition or a Pro Rata Acquisition);

"Affiliate", when used to indicate a relationship with a specified Person, means a Person that, directly or indirectly (including through one or more intermediaries), controls, is controlled by or is under common control with, such specified Person;

"Associate", when used to indicate a relationship with a specified Person, means:

a spouse of such specified Person or any Person of the same or opposite sex with whom such specified Person is living in a conjugal relationship outside marriage or a child of such specified Person; and

any relative of such specified Person or of a spouse or other Person mentioned in paragraph 1.1(c)(i), if that relative has the same residence as such specified Person;

A Person shall be deemed the "Beneficial Owner" of, and to have "Beneficial Ownership" of, and to "Beneficially Own":

any securities as to which such Person, or any of such Person's Affiliates or Associates is the direct or indirect owner at law or in equity;

any securities as to which such Person or any of such Person's Affiliates or Associates has the right to become the owner at law or equity (within 60 days of the date of determination of Beneficial Ownership and whether or not on condition or the occurrence of any contingency) (a) upon the exercise of any Convertible Securities or (b) pursuant to any agreement, arrangement, pledge or understanding (whether or not in writing) (other than customary agreements with and between underwriters and banking group or selling group members with respect to a distribution of securities pursuant to a prospectus or by way of private placement and other than pledges of securities in the ordinary course of business); and

any securities which are Beneficially Owned within the meaning of paragraphs (i) or (ii) of this definition by any other Person with which such Person is acting jointly or in concert;

because either (A) the holder of such security has agreed pursuant to a Permitted Lock-up Agreement to deposit or tender such security to a Take-over Bid made by such Person, any of such Person's Affiliates or Associates or any other Person referred to in paragraph (iii) of this definition or (B) such security has been deposited or tendered pursuant to any Take-over Bid made by such Person or by any of such Person's Affiliates or Associates or any other Person referred to in paragraph (iii) of this definition, in either case until such deposited or tendered security has been unconditionally accepted for payment or exchange or taken up and paid for, whichever shall first occur;

because such Person, any of such Person's Affiliates or Associates or any other Person referred to in paragraph (iii) of this definition holds such security provided that:

the ordinary business of such Person (the "Investment Manager") includes the management of mutual funds or investment funds for others (which others, for greater certainty, may include and be limited to one or more employee benefit plans or pension plans) and such security is held in the ordinary course of such business in the performance of the duties of the Investment Manager for the account of any other Person (the "Client");

such Person (the "Trust Company") is licensed to carry on the business of a trust company under applicable law and, as such, acts as trustee or administrator or in a similar capacity in relation to the estates of deceased or incompetent Persons (each an "Estate Account") or in relation to other accounts (each an "Other Account") and holds such security in the ordinary course of such duties for the estate of any such deceased or incompetent Person or for such other accounts;

such Person is a Crown agent or agency (in this definition, the "Crown Agency");

the Person is established by statute for purposes that include, and the ordinary business or activity of such Person (in this definition, a "Statutory Body") includes, the management of investment funds for employee benefit plans, pension plans, insurance plans of various public bodies and the Statutory Body holds such security for the purposes of its activities as such; or

the person (in this definition, an "Administrator") is the administrator or trustee of one or more pension funds or plans (each, in this definition, a "Plan") registered under the laws of Canada or any province thereof or the corresponding laws of the jurisdiction by which such Plan is governed or is such a Plan and the Administrator or Plan holds such security for the purposes of its activities as such;

because such Person:

is a Client of the same Investment Manager as another Person whose account the Investment Manager holds such security;

has an Estate Account or an Other Account with the same Trust Company as another Person on whose account the Trust Company holds such security; or

is a Plan with the same Administrator as another Plan on whose account the Administrator holds such security,

because such Person:

is a Client of an Investment Manager and such security is owned at law or in equity by the Investment Manager;

has an Estate Account or an Other Account with a Trust Company and such security is owned at law or in equity by the Trust Company; or

is a Plan and such security is owned at law or in equity by the Administrator of the Plan,

because such Person is the registered holder of securities as a result of carrying on the business of, or acting as nominee for, a securities depositary.

"Board of Directors" means the board of directors of the Company or any duly constituted and empowered committee thereof;

"Business Corporations Act" means British Columbia Business Corporations Act as amended from time to time, and the regulations made thereunder, as in effect on the date of this Agreement or as the same may be amended, re-enacted or replaced by any comparable or successor laws or regulations thereto;

"Business Day" means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in Vancouver are authorized or obligated by law to close;

"Canadian Dollar Equivalent" of any amount which is expressed in United States dollars means, on any date, the Canadian dollar equivalent of such amount determined by multiplying such amount by the U.S. - Canadian Exchange Rate on such date;

"close of business" on any given date means the time on such date (or, if such date is not a Business Day, the time on the next succeeding Business Day) at which the Vancouver office of the principal transfer agent for the Common Shares (or, after the Separation Time, the Vancouver office of the Rights Agent) is closed to the public;

"Common Shares" means the common shares without nominal or par value in the capital of the Company and any other shares in the capital of the Company into which such shares may be subdivided, consolidated, reclassified or changed; provided, however, that "common shares", when used with reference to any Person other than the Company, shall mean the class or classes of shares (or similar equity interest) with the greatest per share voting power entitled to vote generally in the election of all directors of such other Person;

"Competing Permitted Bid" means a Take-over Bid that is made by means of a Take-over Bid circular and which also complies with the following additional provisions:

the Take-over Bid is made after a Permitted Bid has been made and prior to the expiry of the Permitted Bid or of any other Competing Permitted Bids (in this definition the “Prior Bids”);

the Take-over Bid satisfies all components of the definition of a Permitted Bid other than the requirements set out in clause (ii) of such definition; and

the Take-over Bid contains, and the take-up and payment for Voting Shares tendered or deposited thereunder are subject to, irrevocable and unqualified conditions that no Voting Shares will be taken up and paid for pursuant to such Take-over Bid (x) prior to the Close of Business on a date that is no earlier than the later of (1) the earliest date on which Voting Shares may be taken up and paid for under any Prior Bids in existence when the Take-over Bid is made and (2) 35 days after the date of such Take-over Bid constituting the Competing Permitted Bid, and (y) unless, at the time that the Voting Shares are to be taken up, more than 50% of the then outstanding Voting Shares held by Independent Shareholders, have been deposited or tendered pursuant to such Take-over Bid and not withdrawn;

"controlled": a company is "controlled" by another Person if:

securities entitled to vote in the election of directors carrying more than 50 percent of the votes for the election of directors are held, directly or indirectly, by or on behalf of the other Person; and

the votes carried by such securities are entitled, if exercised, to elect a majority of the board of directors of such company,

"Convertible Securities" means at any time any securities issued by the Company from time to time (other than the Rights) carrying any exercise, conversion or exchange right pursuant to which the holder thereof may acquire Common Shares or other securities which are convertible into exercisable or exchangeable for Common Shares;

"Convertible Securities Acquisition" means the acquisition of Common Shares upon the exercise of a Convertible Security received by a Person pursuant to a Permitted Bid Acquisition, an Exempt Acquisition or a Pro Rata Acquisition;

"Co-Rights Agent" has the meaning ascribed thereto in subsection 4.1(a);

"Dividend Reinvestment Acquisition" means an acquisition of Voting Shares pursuant to a Dividend Reinvestment Plan;

"Dividend Reinvestment Plan" means a regular dividend reinvestment or other plan of the Company made available by the Company to holders of its securities where such plan permits the holder to direct that some or all of:

dividends paid in respect of shares of any class of the Company;

proceeds of redemption of shares of the Company;

interest paid on evidences of indebtedness of the Company; or

optional cash payments;

be applied to the purchase from the Company of Voting Shares;

"Election to Exercise" has the meaning ascribed thereto in subsection 2.2(d);

“Exchange” means the TSX Venture Exchange;

"Exempt Acquisition" means a share acquisition (i) in respect of which the Board of Directors has waived the application of Section 3.1 pursuant to the provisions of subsection 5.1(d) or 5.1(e), (ii) which was made on or prior to the date of this Agreement, or (iii) pursuant to an amalgamation, merger, treasury security issuance, plan of arrangement or other statutory procedure having similar effect which has been approved by the holders of Voting Shares by the requisite majority or majorities of the holders of Voting Shares at a meeting of such holders duly called and held for such purpose in accordance with the provisions of Business Corporations Act, the Articles of the Company and any other applicable legal requirements;

"Exercise Price" means the price at which a holder may purchase the securities issuable upon exercise of one whole Right and, until adjustment thereof in accordance with the terms hereof, the Exercise Price shall be equal to fifty ($50.00) dollars;

"Expansion Factor" has the meaning ascribed thereto in subsection 2.3(a);

"Expiration Time" means the earlier of:

the Termination Time; or

the close of business on the first Business Day following the annual general meeting of the shareholders of the Company held in 2014, unless at such meeting shareholders have reconfirmed this Agreement for an additional period of time in which case "Expiration Time" shall mean the end of such additional period of time, and so on from time to time;

"Flip-in Event" means a transaction in or pursuant to which any Person becomes an Acquiring Person;

"Grandfathered Person" shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in clause 1.1(c)(v);

"holder" has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.8;

"Independent Shareholders" means holders of Voting Shares other than:

any Acquiring Person;

any Offeror;

any Associate or Affiliate of any Acquiring Person or Offeror;

any Person acting jointly or in concert with any Acquiring Person or any Offeror; and

any employee benefit plan, deferred profit sharing plan, stock participation plan or trust for the benefit of employees of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company but excluding in any event a plan or trust in respect of which the employee directs the manner in which the Voting Shares are to be voted and directs whether the Voting Shares be tendered to a Take-over Bid;

"Market Price" per share of any securities on any date of determination shall mean the average of the daily closing prices per share of such securities (determined as described below) on each of the 20 consecutive Trading Days through and including the Trading Day immediately preceding such date; provided, however, that if an event of a type analogous to any of the events described in Section 2.3 shall have caused the closing price in respect of any Trading Day used to determine the Market Price not to be fully comparable with the closing price on such date of determination or, if the date of determination is not a Trading Day, on the immediately preceding Trading Day, each such closing price so used shall be appropriately adjusted in a manner analogous to the applicable adjustment provided for in Section 2.3 in order to make it fully comparable with the closing price on such date of determination or, if the date of determination is not a Trading Day, on the immediately preceding Trading Day. The closing price per share of any securities on any date shall be:

the closing board lot sale price or, if no such sale takes place on such date, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, as reported by the principal Canadian stock exchange on which such securities are listed or admitted to trading; or

if for any reason none of such prices is available on such day or the securities are not listed or admitted to trading on a Canadian stock exchange, the closing board lot sale price or, if no such sale takes place on such date, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, as reported by the principal national United States securities exchange on which such securities are listed or admitted to trading; or

if for any reason none of such prices is available on such day or the securities are not listed or admitted to trading on a Canadian stock exchange or a national United States securities exchange, the last quoted price, or if not so quoted, the average of the high bid and low asked prices for each share of such securities in the over-the-counter market, as reported by any reporting system then in use; or

if for any reason none of such prices is available on such day or the securities are not listed or admitted to trading on a Canadian stock exchange or a national United States securities exchange or quoted by any such reporting system, the average of the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional market maker making a market in the securities;

"Nominee" has the meaning ascribed thereto in subsection 2.2(c);

"Offer to Acquire" shall include:

an offer to purchase, or a solicitation of an offer to sell, Voting Shares, and

an acceptance of an offer to sell Voting Shares, whether or not such offer to sell has been solicited,

or any combination thereof, and the Person accepting an offer to sell shall be deemed to be making an Offer to Acquire to the Person that made the offer to sell;

"Offeror" means a Person who has announced an intention to make or who has made a Take-over Bid (including a Permitted Bid or Competing Permitted Bid, but excluding an Offer to Acquire made by a Investment Manager, Trust Company, Crown Agency, Statutory Body, Administrator or Plan referred to clause 1.1(d)(v) of the definition of Beneficial Owner pursuant to a distribution by the Company or by means of ordinary market transactions (including pre-arranged trades entered into in the ordinary course of business of such Person) in the circumstances contemplated in clause 1.1(d)(v), but only so long as the Take-over Bid so announced or made has not been withdrawn or terminated or has not expired;

"Offeror's Securities" means the Voting Shares Beneficially Owned by an Offeror on the date of an Offer to Acquire;

"ordinary course dividends" means cash dividends paid in any fiscal year of the Company to the extent that such cash dividends, in the aggregate, do not exceed the greatest of:

200% of the aggregate amount of cash dividends declared payable by the Company on its Common Shares in its immediately preceding fiscal year;

300% of the arithmetic mean of the aggregate amounts of cash dividends declared payable by the Company on its Common Shares in its three immediately preceding fiscal years; and

100% of the aggregate consolidated net income of the Company, before extraordinary items, for its immediately preceding fiscal year;

"Permitted Bid" means a Take-over Bid made by an Offeror by way of a Take-over bid circular which also complies with the following additional provisions:

the Take-over Bid is made to all holders of record of Voting Shares wherever resident as registered on the books of the Company, other than the Offeror;

the Take-over Bid contains, and the take up and payment for securities tendered or deposited thereunder shall be subject to, an irrevocable and unqualified provision that:

no Voting Shares will be taken up or paid for pursuant to the Take-over Bid:

prior to the close of business on the 60^th day following the date of the Take-over Bid; and

if less than 50% of the Voting Shares held by Independent Shareholders have been deposited pursuant to the Take-over Bid and not withdrawn;

Voting Shares may be deposited pursuant to such Take-over Bid at any time during the period described in subparagraph (ii)(A)(I) of this definition and that any Voting Shares deposited pursuant to the Take-over Bid may be withdrawn until taken up and paid for; and

if the condition set forth in subparagraph (ii)(A)(II) of this definition is satisfied, the Offeror will make a public announcement of that fact and the Take-over Bid will remain open for deposits and tenders of Voting Shares for not less than ten Business Days from the date of such public announcement;

provided that if a Take-over Bid constitutes a Competing Permitted Bid, the term "Permitted Bid" shall also mean the Competing Permitted Bid;

"Permitted Bid Acquisition" means an acquisition made pursuant to a Permitted Bid or a Competing Permitted Bid;

"Permitted Lock-up Agreement" means an agreement between an Offeror and another Person (the "Locked-up Person") whereby the Locked-up Person agrees to deposit or tender the Voting Shares held by the Locked-up Person to the Offeror's Take-over Bid that is a Permitted Bid (the "Lock-up Bid") and the agreement:

permits the Locked-up Person to withdraw the Voting Shares from the agreement in order to tender or deposit the Voting Shares to another Take-over Bid, or to support another transaction, that provides for a consideration for each Voting Share that is higher than the consideration contained in or proposed to be contained in the Lock-up Bid; or

(A) permits the Locked-up Person to withdraw the Voting Shares from the agreement in order to tender or deposit the Voting Shares to another Take-over Bid, or to support another transaction, that provides for a consideration for each Voting Share that exceeds by as much as or more than a specified amount (the "Specified Amount") the consideration for each Voting Share contained in or proposed to be contained in the Lock-up Bid and (B) does not by its terms provide for a Specified Amount that is greater than 7% of the consideration for each Voting Share contained in or proposed to be contained in the Lock-up Bid;

does not provide for the payment by the Locked-up Person, in the event that the Locked- up Person fails to deposit or tender Voting Shares to the Lock-up Bid or withdraws the Voting Shares in order to tender to another Take-over Bid or participate in another transaction, of any "break-up" fees, "top-up" fees, penalties, expense reimbursement or other amounts that exceed in the aggregate the greater of:

the cash equivalent of 2.5% of the consideration that the Locked-up Person would have received under the Lock-up Bid; and

50% of the amount by which the consideration payable to the Locked-up Person under another Take-over Bid or transaction exceeds the consideration such Locked-up Person would have received under the Lock-up Bid; and

is disclosed to the public, including the Company, by making copies thereof available not later than the date on which the Lock-up Bid has been publicly announced (or, if the Lock-up Bid has been publicly announced prior to the date on which the Lock-up Agreement is entered into, not later than such date);

"Person" shall include any individual, firm, partnership, association, trust, trustee, executor, administrator, legal personal representative, body corporate, company, unincorporated organization, syndicate or other entity;

"Pro Rata Acquisition" means an acquisition by a Person of Beneficial Ownership of Voting Shares as a result of: a Dividend Reinvestment Acquisition; a stock dividend, a stock split or other event pursuant to which a Person becomes Beneficial Owner of Voting Shares on the same pro rata basis as all other holders of Voting Shares; the acquisition or exercise by such Person of rights to purchase Voting Shares distributed to such Person in the course of a distribution to all holders of Voting Shares pursuant to a rights offering or pursuant to a prospectus; or a distribution of Voting Shares or Convertible Securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable into Voting Shares or Convertible Securities, made pursuant to a prospectus or a distribution by way of a private placement; provided that the Person does not thereby acquire a greater percentage of such Voting Shares, or Convertible Securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable into Voting Shares or Convertible Securities, so offered than the Person's percentage of Voting Shares Beneficially Owned immediately prior to such acquisition;

"Record Time" means 5:00 p.m. (Vancouver time) on August 25, 2011;

"Redemption Price" has the meaning ascribed thereto in subsection 5.1(a);

"Right" means a right to purchase a Common Share, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement;

"Rights Certificate" has the meaning ascribed thereto in subsection 2.2(c) and shall be in substantially the form of Exhibit A to this Agreement;

"Rights Register" has the meaning ascribed thereto in subsection 2.6(a);

"Securities Act” shall mean the Securities Act, R.S.B.C. 1996, Chapter 418, as amended, and the regulations and rules thereunder, unless otherwise specified, as in effect on the date of this Agreement or as the same may be amended, re-enacted or replaced by any comparable or successor laws or regulations thereto;

"Separation Time" means the close of business on the tenth Trading Day after the earlier of:

the Stock Acquisition Date; and

the date of the commencement of or first public announcement of the intent of any Person (other than the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company) to commence a Take-over Bid (other than a Permitted Bid or Competing Permitted Bid);

if any Take-over Bid referred to in paragraph (ii) of this definition expires, or is cancelled, terminated or otherwise withdrawn prior to the Separation Time, such Take-over Bid shall be deemed, for the purposes of this definition, never to have been made; and

if the Board of Directors determines pursuant to subsection 5.1(d) or 5.1(e) to waive the application of Section 3.1 to a Flip-in Event, the Separation Time in respect of such Flip-in Event shall be deemed never to have occurred;

"Stock Acquisition Date" means the first date of public announcement that a Person has become an Acquiring Person (which, for purposes of this definition, shall include, without limitation, a report filed pursuant to the provisions of the Securities Act);

"Subsidiary": a company shall be deemed to be a Subsidiary of another company if:

it is controlled by:

that other; or

that other and one or more companies each of which is controlled by that other; or

two or more companies each of which is controlled by that other; or

it is a Subsidiary of a company that is that other's Subsidiary;

"Take-over Bid" means an Offer to Acquire Voting Shares or other securities if, assuming the Voting Shares or other securities subject to the Offer to Acquire are acquired at the date of the Offer to Acquire by the Person making the Offer to Acquire, such Voting Shares (including all Voting Shares that may be acquired upon exercise of all rights of conversion, exchange or purchase attaching to the other securities) together with the Offeror's Securities would constitute in the aggregate 20% or more of the outstanding Voting Shares at the date of the Offer to Acquire;

"Termination Time" means the time at which the right to exercise Rights shall terminate pursuant to Section 5.1;

"Trading Day", when used with respect to any securities, means a day on which the principal Canadian stock exchange or U.S. securities exchange on which such securities are listed or admitted to trading is open for the transaction of business or, if the securities are not listed or admitted to trading on any Canadian stock exchange or U.S. securities exchange, a Business Day;

"U.S. - Canadian Exchange Rate" means, on any date:

if on such date the Bank of Canada sets an average noon spot rate of exchange for the conversion of one United States dollar into Canadian dollars, such rate, and

in any other case, the rate for such date for the conversion of one United States dollar into Canadian dollars which is calculated in the manner which shall be determined by the Board of Directors from time to time acting in good faith;

"U.S. Dollar Equivalent" of any amount which is expressed in Canadian dollars means, on any date, the United States dollar equivalent of such amount determined by multiplying such amount by the Canadian-U.S. Exchange Rate in effect on such date;

"Voting Shares" means the Common Shares and any other shares of capital stock or voting interests of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of all directors; and

"Voting Share Reduction" means an acquisition or redemption by the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company of Voting Shares which, by reducing the number of Voting Shares outstanding or which may be voted, increases the proportionate number of Voting Shares Beneficially Owned by any Person to 20% or more of the Voting Shares outstanding.

Currency

Headings

References to Agreement

Calculation of Number and Percentage of Beneficial Ownership of Outstanding Voting Shares

in determining the percentage of outstanding Voting Shares Beneficially Owned by any Person, all unissued Voting Shares as to which such Person is deemed the Beneficial Owner shall be deemed to be outstanding; and

the percentage of outstanding Voting Shares Beneficially Owned by any Person shall be and be deemed to be the product determined by the formula:

Acting Jointly or in Concert

Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

Legend on Common Share Certificates

Initial Exercise Price; Exercise of Rights; Detachment of Rights

Subject to adjustment as herein set forth, each Right will entitle the holder thereof, from and after the Separation Time and prior to the Expiration Time, to purchase, for the Exercise Price, one Common Share. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, any Rights held by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall be void.

Until the Separation Time:

the Rights shall not be exercisable and no Right may be exercised; and

each Right will be evidenced by the certificate for the associated Common Share and will be transferable only together with, and will be transferred by a transfer of, such associated Common Share.

From and after the Separation Time and prior to the Expiration Time:

the Rights shall be exercisable; and

the registration and transfer of the Rights shall be separate from and independent of Common Shares.

Promptly following the Separation Time, the Company will prepare and the Rights Agent will mail or arrange to be mailed to each holder of record of Rights as of the Separation Time (other than an Acquiring Person and, in respect of any Rights Beneficially Owned by such Acquiring Person which are not held of record by such Acquiring Person, the holder of record of such Rights (a "Nominee")), at such holder's address as shown by the records of the Company (the Company hereby agreeing to furnish copies of such records to the Rights Agent for this purpose):

a rights certificate ("Rights Certificate") representing the number of Rights held by such holder at the Separation Time and having such markers of identification or designation and such legends, summaries or endorsements printed thereon as the Company may deem appropriate and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement, or as may be required to comply with any law, rule, regulation or judicial or administrative order or with any rule or regulation of any self-regulatory organization, stock exchange or quotation system on which the Rights may from time to time be listed or traded, or to conform to usage; and

a disclosure statement describing the Rights;

provided that a Nominee shall be sent the materials provided for in paragraphs (A) and (B) above in respect of all Common Shares held of record by it which are not Beneficially Owned by an Acquiring Person. In order for the Company to determine whether any Person is holding Voting Shares which are Beneficially Owned by another Person, the Company may require such first- mentioned Person to furnish such information and documentation as the Company deems necessary or appropriate to make such determination.

Rights may be exercised in whole or in part on any Business Day after the Separation Time and prior to the Expiration Time by submitting to the Rights Agent at its principal office in the city of Vancouver the Rights Certificate evidencing such Rights together with:

an election to exercise such Rights (an "Election to Exercise") substantially in the form attached to the Rights Certificate duly completed and executed by the holder or his executors or administrators or other personal representatives or his or their legal attorney duly appointed by an instrument in writing in form and executed in a manner satisfactory to the Rights Agent; and

payment by certified cheque, banker's draft or money order payable to the order of the Rights Agent, of a sum equal to the Exercise Price multiplied by the number of Rights being exercised and a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or charge which may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the transfer or delivery of Rights Certificates or the issuance or delivery of certificates for Common Shares in a name other than that of the holder of the Rights being exercised.

Upon receipt of a Rights Certificate, which is accompanied by a completed Election to Exercise that does not indicate that such Right is null and void as provided by subsection 3.1(b) and payment as set forth in subsection 2.2(d), the Rights Agent (unless otherwise instructed by the Company if the Company is of the opinion that the Rights cannot be exercised in accordance with this Agreement) will thereupon promptly:

requisition from the transfer agent for the Common Shares certificates representing the number of such Common Shares to be purchased (the Company hereby irrevocably authorizing its transfer agent to comply with all such requisitions),

after receipt of such certificate, deliver the same to or upon the order of the registered holder of such Rights Certificate, registered in such name or names as may be designated by such holder,

when appropriate, requisition from the Company the amount of cash to be paid in lieu of issuing fractional Common Shares,

when appropriate, after receipt of such cash, deliver the same to or to the order of the registered holder of the Rights Certificate, and

tender to the Company all payments received on exercise of the Rights.

If the holder of any Rights shall exercise less than all the Rights evidenced by such holder's Rights Certificate, a new Rights Certificate evidencing the Rights remaining unexercised (subject to Section 5.5) will be issued by the Rights Agent to such holder or to such holder's duly authorized assigns.

The Company covenants and agrees that it will:

take all such action as may be necessary and within its power to ensure that all securities delivered upon exercise of Rights shall, at the time of delivery of the certificates for such securities (subject to payment of the Exercise Price), be duly and validly authorized, executed, issued and delivered as fully paid and non-assessable;

take all such action as may be necessary and within its power to comply with any applicable requirements of Business Corporations Act, the Securities Act and any other applicable laws in connection with the issuance and delivery of the Rights, the Rights Certificates and the issuance of any securities upon exercise of Rights;

use reasonable efforts to cause all securities issued upon exercise of Rights to be listed on the stock exchanges on which the Common Shares were traded immediately prior to the Stock Acquisition Date;

cause to be reserved and kept available out of its authorized and unissued classes of securities, the number of securities that, as provided in this Agreement, will from time to time be sufficient to permit the exercise in full of all outstanding Rights;

pay when due and payable any and all Canadian and, if applicable, United States, federal, provincial and state transfer taxes and charges (not including any income or capital taxes of the holder or exercising holder or any liability of the Company to withhold tax) which may be payable in respect of the original issuance or delivery of the Rights Certificates or certificates for Common Shares, provided that the Company shall not be required to pay any transfer tax or charge which may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the transfer or delivery of Rights Certificates or the issuance or delivery of certificates for securities in a name other than that of the holder of the Rights being transferred or exercised; and

after the Separation Time not take (or permit any Subsidiary to take) any action if at the time such action is taken it is reasonably foreseeable that such action will diminish substantially or otherwise eliminate the benefits intended to be afforded by the Rights.

Adjustments to Exercise Price; Number of Rights

If the Company shall at any time after the Record Time and prior to the Expiration Time:

declare or pay a dividend on its Common Shares payable in Common Shares (or other securities exchangeable for or convertible into or giving a right to acquire Common Shares) other than pursuant to any optional stock dividend program;

subdivide or change the outstanding Common Shares into a greater number of Common Shares;

combine or change the outstanding Common Shares into a smaller number of Common Shares; or

issue any new Common Shares (or other securities exchangeable for or convertible into or giving a right to acquire Common Shares) in respect of, in lieu of or in exchange for existing Common Shares;

if the Exercise Price and number of Rights outstanding are to be adjusted;

the Exercise Price in effect after such adjustment will be equal to the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such adjustment divided by the number of Common Shares (or other capital stock) (the "Expansion Factor") that a holder of one Common Share immediately prior to such dividend, subdivision, change, combination or issuance would hold thereafter as a result thereof; and

each Right held prior to such adjustment will become that number of Rights equal to the Expansion Factor;

and the adjusted number of Rights will be deemed to be distributed among the Common Shares with respect to which the original Rights were associated (if they remain outstanding) and the shares issued in respect of such dividend, subdivision, change, combination or issuance, so that each such Common Share (or other capital stock) will have exactly one Right associated with it; and

if the securities purchasable upon exercise of Rights are to be adjusted, the securities purchasable upon exercise of each Right after such adjustment will be the securities that a holder of the securities purchasable upon exercise of one Right immediately prior to such dividend, subdivision, change, combination or issuance would hold thereafter as a result thereof.

If after the Record Time and prior to the Expiration Time the Company shall issue any securities other than Common Shares in a transaction of a type described in paragraphs 2.3(a)(i) or (iv), such securities shall be treated herein as nearly equivalent to Common Shares as may be practicable and appropriate under the circumstances and the Company and the Rights Agent agree to amend this Agreement in order to effect such treatment.

If the Company shall at any time after the Record Time and prior to the Separation Time fix a record date for the issuance of rights, options or warrants to all holders of Common Shares entitling them (for a period expiring within 45 calendar days after such record date) to subscribe for or purchase Common Shares (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for or carrying a right to purchase Common Shares) at a price per Common Share (or, if a security convertible into or exchangeable for or carrying a right to purchase or subscribe for Common Shares having a conversion, exchange or exercise price, including the price required to be paid to purchase such convertible or exchangeable security or right per share) less than the Market Price per Common Share on such record date, the Exercise Price to be in effect after such record date shall be adjusted to that price determined by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such record date by a fraction:

the numerator of which shall be the number of Common Shares outstanding on such record date, plus the number of Common Shares that the aggregate offering price of the total number of Common Shares so to be offered (and/or the aggregate initial conversion, exchange or exercise price of the convertible or exchangeable securities or rights so to be offered, including the price required to be paid to purchase such convertible or exchangeable securities or rights) would purchase at such Market Price per Common Share; and

the denominator of which shall be the number of Common Shares outstanding on such record date, plus the number of additional Common Shares to be offered for subscription or purchase (or into which the convertible or exchangeable securities or rights so to be offered are initially convertible, exchangeable or exercisable).

If such subscription price may be paid by delivery of consideration, part or all of which may be in a form other than cash, the value of such consideration shall be as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent and shall be binding on the Rights Agent and the holders of the Rights. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever such a record date is fixed, and in the event that such rights or warrants are not so issued, the Exercise Price shall be adjusted to be the Exercise Price which would then be in effect if such record date had not been fixed.

For purposes of this Agreement, the granting of the right to purchase Common Shares (whether from treasury shares or otherwise) pursuant to any dividend or interest reinvestment plan and/or any Common Share purchase plan providing for the reinvestment of dividends or interest payable on securities of the Company and/or the investment of periodic optional payments and/or employee benefit, stock option or similar plans (so long as such right to purchase is in no case evidenced by the delivery of rights or warrants) shall not be deemed to constitute an issue of rights or warrants by the Company; provided, however, that, in the case of any Dividend Reinvestment Plan, the right to purchase Common Shares is at a price per share of not less than 90 percent of the Market Price of the Common Shares.

If the Company shall at any time after the Record Time and prior to the Separation Time fix a record date for a distribution to all holders of Common Shares (including any such distribution made in connection with a merger or amalgamation in which the Company is the continuing corporation) of evidences of indebtedness, cash (other than an ordinary course dividend or a dividend referred to in paragraph 2.3(a)(i)), assets or rights or warrants (excluding those referred to in subsection 2.3(b)), the Exercise Price to be in effect after such record date shall be determined by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such record date by a fraction:

the numerator of which shall be the Market Price per Common Share on such record date, less the fair market value (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent and shall be binding on the Rights Agent and the holders of Rights), on a per share basis, of the portion of the cash, assets, evidences of indebtedness, rights, options or warrants so to be distributed; and

the denominator of which shall be such Market Price per Common Share.

Such adjustments shall be made successively whenever such a record date is fixed, and in the event that such a distribution is not so made, the Exercise Price shall be adjusted to be the Exercise Price which would have been in effect if such record date had not been fixed.

Each adjustment made pursuant to this Section 2.3 shall be made as of

the payment or effective date for the applicable dividend, subdivision, change, combination or issuance, in the case of an adjustment made pursuant to subsection (a) above; and

the record date for the applicable distribution, in the case of an adjustment made pursuant to subsection (b) or (c) above, subject to readjustment to reverse the same if such distribution shall not be made.

Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, no adjustment in the Exercise Price shall be required unless such adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least one percent in the Exercise Price; provided, however, that any adjustments which by reason of this subsection 2.3(e) are not required to be made shall be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment. All calculations under this Section 2.3 shall be made to the nearest cent or to the nearest hundredth of a share. Notwithstanding the first sentence of this subsection 2.3(e), any adjustment required by this Section 2.3 shall be made no later than the earlier of (i) three years from the date of the transaction which mandates such adjustment and (ii) the Termination Date. Whenever an adjustment to the Exercise Price is made pursuant to this Section 2.3, the Company shall:

promptly prepare a certificate setting forth such adjustment and a brief statement of the facts accounting for such adjustment,

promptly file with the Rights Agent and with each transfer agent for the Common Shares a copy of such certificate, mail a brief summary thereof to each holder of Rights, and issue a press release advising of the relevant adjustment.

If the Company shall at any time after the Record Time and prior to the Separation Time issue any shares of capital stock (other than Common Shares), or rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any such capital stock, or securities convertible into or exchangeable for any such capital stock, in a transaction referred to in paragraph (a)(i) or (a)(iv) above, if the Board of Directors acting in good faith determines that the adjustments contemplated by subsections (a), (b) and (c) above in connection with such transaction will not appropriately protect the interests of the holders of Rights, the Board of Directors may determine what other adjustments to the Exercise Price, number of Rights and/or securities purchasable upon exercise of Rights would be appropriate and, notwithstanding subsections (a), (b) and (c) above, but subject to the prior consent of the holders of Common Shares or Rights obtained in accordance with section 5.4, such adjustments, rather than the adjustments contemplated by subsections (a), (b) and (c) above, shall be made. The Company and the Rights Agent shall amend this Agreement as appropriate to provide for such adjustments.

Each Right originally issued by the Company subsequent to any adjustment made to the Exercise Price hereunder shall evidence the right to purchase, at the adjusted Exercise Price, the number of Common Shares purchasable from time to time hereunder upon exercise of a Right, all subject to further adjustment as provided herein.

Irrespective of any adjustment or change in the Exercise Price or the number of Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of the Rights, the Rights Certificates theretofore and thereafter issued may continue to express the Exercise Price per Common Share and the number of Common Shares which were expressed in the initial Rights Certificates issued hereunder.

In any case in which this Section 2.3 shall require that an adjustment in the Exercise Price be made effective as of a record date for a specified event, the Company may elect to defer until the occurrence of such event the issuance to the holder of any Right exercised after such record date the number of Common Shares and other securities of the Company, if any, issuable upon such exercise over and above the number of Common Shares and other securities of the Company, if any, issuable upon such exercise on the basis of the Exercise Price in effect prior to such adjustment; provided, however, that the Company shall deliver to such holder an appropriate instrument evidencing such holder's right to receive such additional shares (fractional or otherwise) or securities upon the occurrence of the event requiring such adjustment.

Notwithstanding anything in this Section 2.3 to the contrary, the Company shall be entitled to make such reductions in the Exercise Price, in addition to those adjustments expressly required by this Section 2.3, as and to the extent that the Board of Directors shall in good faith determine to be advisable in order that any (i) consolidation or subdivision of the Common Shares, (ii) issuance wholly or in part for cash or Common Shares or securities that by their terms are convertible into or exchangeable for Common Shares, (iii) stock dividends or (iv) issuance of rights, options or warrants referred to in this Section 2.3, hereafter made by the Company to holders of its Common Shares shall not be taxable to such shareholders.

The Company covenants and agrees that, after the Separation Time, it will not, except as permitted by Section 5.1 or Section 5.4, take (or permit any Subsidiary of the Company to take) any action if at the time such action is taken it is reasonably foreseeable that such action will diminish substantially or otherwise eliminate the benefits intended to be afforded by the Rights.

If an event occurs which would require an adjustment under both this Section 2.3 and Section 3.1, the adjustment provided for in this Section 2.3 shall be in addition to and shall be made prior to, any adjustment required pursuant to Section 3.1.

If the Company shall at any time after the Record Time and prior to the earlier of the Separation Time and the Expiration Time issue any Common Shares otherwise than in a transaction referred to in subsection 2.3(a) each such Common Share so issued shall automatically have one new Right associated with it, which Right shall be evidenced by the certificate representing such share.

Date on Which Exercise is Effective

Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating of Rights Certificates

The Rights Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the Company by any two of its Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer or Secretary. The signature of any of these officers on the Rights Certificates may be manual or facsimile. Rights Certificates bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the countersignature and delivery of such Rights Certificates.

Promptly after the Company learns of the Separation Time, the Company will notify the Rights Agent in writing of such Separation Time and will deliver Rights Certificates executed by the Company to the Rights Agent for countersignature, and disclosure statements describing the Rights, and the Rights Agent shall countersign (manually or by facsimile signature in a manner satisfactory to the Company) and send such Rights Certificates to the holders of the Rights pursuant to subsection 2.2(c). No Rights Certificate shall be valid for any purpose until countersigned by the Rights Agent as aforesaid.

Each Rights Certificate shall be dated the date of countersignature thereof.

Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange

After the Separation Time, the Company will cause to be kept a register (the "Rights Register") in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company will provide for the registration and transfer of Rights. The Rights Agent is hereby appointed registrar for the Rights (the "Rights Registrar") for the purpose of maintaining the Rights Register for the Company and registering Rights and transfers of Rights as herein provided and the Rights Agent hereby accepts such appointment. If the Rights Agent shall cease to be the Rights Registrar, the Rights Agent will have the right to examine the Rights Register at all reasonable times.

After the Separation Time and prior to the Expiration Time, upon surrender for registration of transfer or exchange of any Rights Certificate, and subject to the provisions of subsections 2.6(d) and 3.1(b), the Company will execute, and the Rights Agent will countersign and deliver, in the name of the holder or the designated transferee or transferees, as required pursuant to the holder's instructions, one or more new Rights Certificates evidencing the same aggregate number of Rights as did the Rights Certificates so surrendered.

All Rights issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Rights Certificates shall be the valid obligations of the Company, and such Rights shall be entitled to the same benefits under this Agreement as the Rights surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

Every Rights Certificate surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company or the Rights Agent, as the case may be, duly executed by the holder thereof or such holder's attorney duly authorized in writing. As a condition to the issuance of any new Rights Certificate under this Section 2.6, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Rights Agent) connected therewith.

The Company shall not be required to register the transfer of Rights after the Rights have been terminated pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement.

Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Rights Certificates

If any mutilated Rights Certificate is surrendered to the Rights Agent prior to the Expiration Time, the Company shall execute and the Rights Agent shall countersign and deliver in exchange therefor a new Rights Certificate evidencing the same number of Rights as did the Rights Certificate so surrendered.

If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Rights Agent prior to the Expiration Time:

evidence to their reasonable satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Rights Certificate; and

such security or indemnity as may be reasonably required by each of them in their sole discretion to save each of them and any of their agents harmless,

then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Rights Agent that such Rights Certificate has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon the Company's request the Rights Agent shall countersign and deliver, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Rights Certificate, a new Rights Certificate evidencing the same number of Rights as did the Rights Certificate so destroyed, lost or stolen.

As a condition to the issuance of any new Rights Certificate under this Section 2.7, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Rights Agent) connected therewith.

Every new Rights Certificate issued pursuant to this Section 2.7 in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Rights Certificate shall evidence the contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Rights Certificate shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Agreement equally and proportionately with any and all other Rights duly issued by the Company.

Persons Deemed Owners

Delivery and Cancellation of Certificates

Agreement of Rights Holders

to be bound by and subject to the provisions of this Agreement, as amended from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof, in respect of all Rights held;

that, prior to the Separation Time, each Right will be transferable only together with, and will be transferred by a transfer of, the associated Common Share;

that after the Separation Time, the Rights Certificate will be transferable only upon registration of the transfer on the Rights Register as provided herein;

that, prior to due presentment of a Rights Certificate (or, prior to the Separation Time, the associated Common Share certificate) for registration of transfer, the Company, the Rights Agent and any agent of the Company or the Rights Agent may deem and treat the person in whose name the Rights Certificate (or, prior to the Separation Time, the associated Common Share certificate) is registered as the absolute owner thereof and of the Rights evidenced thereby (notwithstanding any notations of ownership or writing on such Rights Certificate or the associated Common Share certificate made by anyone other than the Company or the Rights Agent) for all purposes whatsoever, and neither the Company nor the Rights Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary;

that such holder of Rights has waived his right to receive any fractional Rights or any fractional shares upon exercise of a Right (except as provided herein);

that, in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.4, without the approval of any holder of Rights or Voting Shares and upon the sole authority of the Board of Directors acting in good faith, this Agreement may be supplemented or amended from time to time pursuant to and as provided herein; and

that notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, neither the Company nor the Rights Agent shall have any liability to any holder of a Right or any other Person as a result of its inability to perform any of its obligations under this Agreement by reasons of any preliminary or permanent injunction or other order, decree or ruling issued by a court of competent jurisdiction or by a governmental, regulatory or administrative agency or commission, or any statute, rule, regulation or executive order promulgated or enacted by any governmental authority, prohibiting or otherwise restraining performance of such obligation.

Rights Certificate Holder not Deemed a Shareholder

Flip-in Event

Subject to subsections 3.1(b), and 5.1(d) and 5.1(e), if prior to the Expiration Time a Flip-in Event occurs, each Right shall constitute, effective at the close of business on the tenth Trading Day after the Stock Acquisition Date, the right to purchase from the Company, upon payment of the Exercise Price and otherwise exercising such Right in accordance with the terms hereof, that number of Common Shares having an aggregate Market Price on the date of consummation or occurrence of such Flip-in Event equal to twice the Exercise Price for an amount in cash equal to the Exercise Price (such Right to be appropriately adjusted in a manner analogous to the applicable adjustment provided for in Section 2.3 in event that after the Stock Acquisition Date an event of a type analogous to any of the events described in Section 2.3 has occurred).

Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, upon the occurrence of any Flip-in Event, any Rights that are or were Beneficially Owned on or after the earlier of the Separation Time and the Stock Acquisition Date by:

an Acquiring Person (or any Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person or any Person acting jointly or in concert with an Acquiring Person or any Associate or Affiliate of an Acquiring Person); or

a transferee of Rights, direct or indirect, of an Acquiring Person (or of any Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person or of any Person acting jointly or in concert with an Acquiring Person or any Associate or Affiliate of an Acquiring Person) who becomes a transferee in a transfer that the Board of Directors has determined is part of a plan, arrangement or scheme of an Acquiring Person (or any Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person or any Person acting jointly or in concert with an Acquiring Person or any Associate or Affiliate of an Acquiring Person), that has the purpose or effect of avoiding paragraph 3.1(b)(i);

shall become null and void without any further action, and any holder of such Rights (including any transferee of, or other successor to, such Rights, whether directly or indirectly) shall not have any right whatsoever to exercise such Rights under any provision of this Agreement and shall not have thereafter any right whatsoever with respect to such Rights, whether under any provision of this Agreement or otherwise. The holder of any Rights represented by a Rights Certificate which is submitted to the Rights Agent upon exercise or for registration of transfer or exchange which does not contain the necessary certifications set forth in the Rights Certificate establishing that such Rights are not void under this subsection 3.1(b) shall be deemed to be an Acquiring Person for the purposes of this subsection 3.1(b) and such Rights shall become null and void.

Any Rights Certificate that represents Rights Beneficially Owned by a Person described in either paragraph 3.1(b)(i) or (b)(ii) or transferred to any Nominee of any such Person, and any Rights Certificate issued upon transfer, exchange, replacement or adjustment of any other Rights Certificate referred to in this sentence, shall contain the following legend:

From and after the Separation Time, the Company shall do all such acts and things as shall be necessary and within its power to ensure compliance with the provisions of this Section 3.1, including without limitation, all such acts and things as may be required to satisfy the requirements of the Business Corporations Act and the Securities Act and any other applicable laws in respect of the issue of Common Shares upon the exercise of Rights in accordance with this Agreement.

Fiduciary Duties of the Board of Directors of the Company

General

The Company hereby appoints the Rights Agent to act as agent for the Company in accordance with the terms and conditions hereof, and the Rights Agent hereby accepts such appointment. The Company may from time to time appoint such co-Rights Agents ("Co-Rights Agents") as it may deem necessary or desirable, subject to the approval of the Rights Agent. In the event the Company appoints one or more Co-Rights Agents, the respective duties of the Rights Agents and the Co-Rights Agents shall be as the Company may determine with the approval of the Rights Agent and the Co-Rights Agent. The Company agrees to pay to the Rights Agent reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder and, from time to time, on demand of the Rights Agent, its reasonable expenses and counsel fees and other disbursements incurred in the administration and execution of this Agreement and the exercise and performance of its duties hereunder, including the reasonable fees and disbursements of any expert retained by the Rights Agent. The Company also agrees to indemnify the Rights Agent, its officers, directors, employees and agents for, and to hold them harmless against, any loss, liability, costs, claims, actions, damages or expenses, incurred without gross negligence, bad faith or wilful default on the part of the Rights Agent, for anything done or suffered or omitted by the Rights Agent in connection with the acceptance, execution and administration of this Agreement and the performance of its duties hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending against any claim of liability, which right to indemnification will survive the termination of this Agreement or the resignation or removal of the Rights Agent. In no event will the Rights Agent be liable for special, indirect, consequential or punitive loss or damages of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited to lost profits), even if the Rights Agent has been advised of the possibility of such damages. Any liability of the Rights Agent will be limited in the aggregate to an amount equal to the annual fee paid by the Company pursuant to this Agreement.

The Rights Agent shall be protected and shall incur no liability for or in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it in connection with its acceptance, execution and administration of this Agreement in reliance upon any certificate for Voting Shares or Common Shares, or any Rights Certificate or certificate for other securities of the Company, instrument of assignment or transfer, power of attorney, endorsement, affidavit, letter, notice, direction, consent, certificate, statement, or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to be signed, executed and, where necessary, verified or acknowledged, by the proper Person or Persons.

The Company shall inform the Rights Agent in a reasonably timely manner of events which may materially affect the administration of this Agreement by the Rights Agent and at any time upon request, shall provide to the Rights Agent an incumbency certificate with respect to the then current directors of the Company, provided that failure to inform the Rights Agent of any such event, or any defect therein, shall not affect the validity of any action taken hereunder in relation to such events.

Merger or Amalgamation or Change of Name of Rights Agent

Any company into which the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent may be merged or amalgamated or with which it may be consolidated, or any company resulting from any merger, amalgamation, statutory arrangement or consolidation to which the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent is a party, or any company succeeding to the shareholder or stockholder services business of the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent, will be the successor to the Rights Agent under this Agreement without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, provided that such company would be eligible for appointment as a successor Rights Agent under the provisions of Section 4.4. In case at the time each successor Rights Agent succeeds to the agency created by this Agreement any of the Rights Certificates have been countersigned but not delivered, any such successor Rights Agent may adopt the countersignature of the predecessor Rights Agent and deliver such Rights Certificates so countersigned; and in case at that time any of the Rights Certificates have not been countersigned, any successor Rights Agent may countersign such Rights Certificates either in the name of the predecessor Rights Agent or in the name of the successor Rights Agent; and in all such cases such Rights Certificates will have the full force provided in the Rights Certificates and in this Agreement.

If at any time the name of the Rights Agent is changed and at such time any of the Rights Certificates shall have been countersigned but not delivered, the Rights Agent may adopt the countersignature under its prior name and deliver Rights Certificates so countersigned; and in case at that time any of the Rights Certificate shall not have been countersigned, the Rights Agent may countersign such Rights Certificates either in its prior name or in its changed name; and in all such cases such Rights Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Rights Certificates and in this Agreement.

Duties of Rights Agent

the Rights Agent may retain and consult with legal counsel (who may be legal counsel for the Company) and the opinion of such counsel will be full and complete authorization and protection to the Rights Agent as to any action taken, suffered or omitted by it in good faith and in accordance with such opinion; the Rights Agent may also, with the approval of the Company (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld), consult with such other experts as the Rights Agent shall consider necessary or appropriate to properly carry out the duties and obligations imposed under this Agreement and the Rights Agent shall be entitled to act and rely in good faith on the advice of any such expert;

whenever in the performance of its duties under this Agreement the Rights Agent deems it necessary or desirable that any fact or matter be proved or established by the Company prior to taking or suffering any action hereunder, such fact or matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed) may be deemed to be conclusively proved and established by a certificate signed by a Person believed by the Rights Agent to be the Chairman of the Board, the President or any Vice President, the Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Rights Agent; and such certificate will be full authorization to the Rights Agent for any action taken or suffered in good faith by it under the provisions of this Agreement in reliance upon such certificate;

the Rights Agent will be liable hereunder only for its own gross negligence, bad faith or wilful default;

the Rights Agent will not be liable for or by reason of any of the statements of fact or recitals contained in this Agreement or in the certificates for Voting Shares or Common Shares or the Rights Certificates (except its countersignature thereof) or be required to verify the same, but all such statements and recitals are and will be deemed to have been made by the Company only;

the Rights Agent will not be under any responsibility in respect of the validity of this Agreement or the authorization, execution and delivery hereof (except the due authorization, execution and delivery hereof by the Rights Agent) or in respect of the validity or execution of any Common Share certificate or Rights Certificate (except its countersignature thereof); nor will it be responsible for any breach by the Company of any covenant or condition contained in this Agreement or in any Rights Certificate; nor will it be responsible for any change in the exercisability of the Rights (including the Rights becoming void pursuant to subsection 3.1(b)) or any adjustment required under the provisions of Section 2.3 or be responsible for the manner, method or amount of any such adjustment or the ascertaining of the existence of facts that would require any such adjustment (except with respect to the exercise of Rights after receipt of the certificate contemplated by Section 2.3 describing any such adjustment); nor will it by any act hereunder be deemed to make any representation or warranty as to the authorization of any Common Shares to be issued pursuant to this Agreement or any Rights or as to whether any Common Shares will, when issued, be duly and validly authorized, executed, issued and delivered and fully paid and non-assessable;

the Company agrees that it will perform, execute, acknowledge and deliver or cause to be performed, executed, acknowledged and delivered all such further and other acts, instruments and assurances as may reasonably be required by the Rights Agent for the carrying out or performing by the Rights Agent of the provisions of this Agreement;

the Rights Agent is hereby authorized and directed to accept written instructions with respect to the performance of its duties hereunder from any person believed by the Rights Agent to be the Chairman of the Board, President, a Vice President, the Secretary or the Assistant Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the Company, and to apply to such individual for advice or instructions in connection with its duties, and it shall not be liable for any action taken or suffered by it in good faith in reliance upon instructions of any such individual;

the Rights Agent and any shareholder or stockholder, director, officer or employee of the Rights Agent may buy, sell or deal in Common Shares, Rights or other securities of the Company or become pecuniarily interested in any transaction in which the Company may be interested, or contract with or lend money to the Company or otherwise act as fully and freely as though it were not Rights Agent under this Agreement. Nothing herein shall preclude the Rights Agent from acting in any other capacity for the Company or for any other legal entity; and

the Rights Agent may execute and exercise any of the rights or powers hereby vested in it or perform any duty hereunder either itself or by or through its attorneys or agents, and the Rights Agent will not be answerable or accountable for any act, default, neglect or misconduct of any such attorneys or agents or for any loss to the Company resulting from any such act, default, neglect or misconduct, provided reasonable care was exercised in the selection and continued employment thereof.

Change of Rights Agent

Compliance with Money Laundering Legislation

Privacy Provision

Redemption and Waiver

Subject to the prior consent of the holders of Voting Shares or Rights obtained in accordance with subsection 5.4(b) or 5.4(c), as applicable, and prior to the occurrence of a Flip-in Event as to which the application of section 3.1 has not been waived pursuant to this section 5.1, the Board of Directors may, acting in good faith, elect to redeem all but not less than all of the then outstanding Rights at a redemption price of $0.0001 per Right appropriately adjusted in a manner analogous to the applicable adjustment provided for in Section 2.3 if an event of the type analogous to any of the events described in Section 2.3 shall have occurred (such redemption price being herein referred to as the "Redemption Price").

If the Board of Directors elects or is deemed to have elected to redeem the Rights, the right to exercise the Rights will thereupon, without further action and without notice, terminate and the only right thereafter of the holders of Rights shall be to receive the Redemption Price.

Within 10 days after the Board of Directors electing or having been deemed to have elected to redeem the Rights, the Company shall give notice of redemption to the holders of the Rights in accordance with Section 5.9. Each such notice of redemption will state the method by which the payment of the Redemption Price will be made. The Company may not redeem, acquire or purchase for value any Rights at any time in any manner other than that specifically set forth in this Section 5.1 or other than in connection with the purchase of Common Shares prior to the Separation Time.

The Board of Directors may, until a Flip-in Event shall occur, upon written notice delivered to the Rights Agent, determine to waive the application of Section 3.1 to a particular Flip-in Event that may occur by reason of a Take-over Bid made by means of a Take-over Bid circular to all holders of record of Voting Shares; provided that if the Board of Directors waives the application of Section 3.1 to such Flip-in Event, the Board of Directors shall be deemed to have waived the application of Section 3.1 to any other Flip-in Event occurring by reason of a Take-over Bid made by means of a Take-Over Bid circular to all holders of record of Voting Shares, which is made prior to the expiry of the Take-over Bid in respect of which a waiver is, or is deemed to have been, granted under this subsection 5.1(d).

The Board of Directors may waive the application of Section 3.1 in respect of the occurrence of any Flip-in Event if the Board of Directors has determined within eight Trading Days following a Stock Acquisition Date that a Person became an Acquiring Person by inadvertence and without any intention to become, or knowledge that it would become, an Acquiring Person under this Agreement and, in the event that such a waiver is granted by the Board of Directors, such Stock Acquisition Date shall be deemed not to have occurred. Any such waiver pursuant to this subsection 5.1(e) must be on the condition that such Person, within 10 days after the foregoing determination by the Board of Directors or such earlier or later date as the Board of Directors may determine (the "Disposition Date"), has reduced its Beneficial ownership of Voting Shares such that the Person is no longer an Acquiring Person. If the Person remains an Acquiring Person at the close of business on the Disposition Date, the Disposition Date shall be deemed to be the date of occurrence of a further Stock Acquisition Date and Section 3.1 shall apply thereto.

If a Person makes a Permitted Bid or a Competing Permitted Bid pursuant to which any of the then outstanding Voting Shares (other than those Voting Shares Beneficially Owned by the Persons making the Permitted Bid or the Competing Permitted Bid, at the date of the Permitted Bid or the Competing Permitted Bid) are taken up and paid for by such Person, then the Board of Directors shall, immediately upon the consummation of such acquisition, without further formality, be deemed to have elected to redeem the Rights at the Redemption Price on the expiry date of the Permitted Bid or Competing Permitted Bid, as the case may be.

Where a Take-over Bid that is not a Permitted Bid Acquisition is withdrawn or otherwise terminated after the Separation Time has occurred and prior to the occurrence of a Flip-in Event, the Board of Directors may elect to redeem all the outstanding Rights at the Redemption Price.

Upon the Rights being redeemed pursuant to subsection 5.1(g), all the provisions of this Agreement shall continue to apply as if the Separation Time had not occurred and Rights Certificates representing the number of Rights held by each holder of record of Common Shares as of the Separation Time had not been mailed to each such holder and for all purposes of this Agreement the Separation Time shall be deemed not to have occurred.

Expiration

Issuance of New Rights Certificates

Supplements and Amendments

Without the approval of any holders of Voting Shares or Rights, the Company may make amendments or supplements to this Agreement to correct any clerical or typographical error or which are required to maintain the validity of the Agreement as a result of any change in any applicable legislation, regulations or rules thereunder. The Company may in addition supplement or amend this Agreement without the approval of any holders of Rights or Voting Shares in order to make any changes which the Board of Directors acting in good faith may deem necessary or desirable. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 5.4 to the contrary, no supplement or amendment shall be made to the provisions of Article 4 except with the written concurrence of the Rights Agent to such change, supplement or amendment.

Subject to subsection 5.4(a), the Company may, with the prior consent of the holders of Shares obtained as set forth below, at any time before the Separation Time, amend, vary, rescind, supplement any of the provisions of this Agreement and the Rights (whether or not such action would materially adversely affect the interests of the holders of Rights generally). Such consent shall be deemed to have been given if the action requiring such approval is approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast by Independent Shareholders represented in person or by proxy at the Special Meeting.

The Company may, with the prior consent of the holders of Rights obtained as set forth below, at any time after the Stock Acquisition Date amend, vary or rescind any of the provisions of this Agreement and the Rights (whether or not such action would materially adversely affect the interests of the holders of Rights generally), provided that no such amendment, variation or deletion shall be made to the provisions of Article 4 except with the written concurrence of the Rights Agent thereto. Such consent shall be deemed to have been given if such amendment, variation or deletion is authorized by the affirmative votes of the holders of Rights present or represented at and entitled to vote at a meeting of the holders and representing a majority of the votes cast in respect thereof.

Any such amendment shall be effective from the date of the resolution of the Board of Directors adopting such amendment, until it is confirmed or rejected or until it ceases to be effective (as described in the next sentence) and, where such amendment is confirmed, it continues in effect in the form so confirmed. If such amendment is rejected by the shareholders or the holders of Rights or is not submitted to the shareholders or holders of Rights as required, then such amendment shall cease to be effective from and after the termination of the meeting at which it was rejected or to which it should have been but was not submitted (being a meeting of the holders of Rights to be called for on a date not later than immediately following the next meeting of shareholders of the Company) or from and after the date of the meeting of holders of Rights that should have been but was not held, and no subsequent resolution of the Board of Directors to amend this Agreement to substantially the same effect shall be effective until confirmed by the shareholders or holders of Rights, as the case may be.

Any approval of the holders of Rights shall be deemed to have been given if the action requiring such approval is authorized by the affirmative votes of the holders of Rights present or represented and entitled to vote at a meeting of the holders of Rights and representing a majority of the votes cast in respect thereof. For the purposes hereof, each outstanding Right (other than Rights which are void pursuant to the provisions hereof) shall be entitled to one vote, and the procedures for the calling, holding and conduct of the meeting shall be those, as nearly as may be, which are provided in the Company's Articles and the Business Corporations Act with respect to meetings of shareholders of the Company.

Any amendments or supplements made by the Company to this Agreement pursuant to Subsection 5.4(a) (other than an amendment or supplement to correct any clerical or typographical error) after this Agreement has been ratified and approved by the holders of Shares in accordance with the requirements of The Exchange shall:

if made before the Separation Time, be submitted to the Shareholders of the Company at the next meeting of Shareholders and the Shareholders may, by the majority referred to in subsection 5.4(b) confirm or reject such amendment;

if made after the Separation Time, be submitted to the holders of Rights at a meeting to be called for on a date not later than immediately following the next meeting of Shareholders of the Company and the holders of Rights may, by resolution passed by the majority referred to in Subsection 5.4(d) confirm or reject such amendment.

any such amendment shall be effective from the date of the resolution of the Board of Directors adopting such amendment, until it is confirmed or rejected or until it ceases to be effective (as described in the next sentence) and, where such amendment is confirmed, it continues in effect in the form so confirmed. If such amendment is rejected by the Shareholders or the holders of Rights or is not submitted to the Shareholders or holders of Rights as required, then such amendment shall cease to be effective from and after the termination of the meeting at which it was rejected or to which it should have been but was not submitted or from and after the date of the meeting of holders of Rights that should have been but was not held, and no subsequent resolution of the Board of Directors to amend this Agreement to substantially the same effect shall be effective until confirmed by the Shareholders or holders of Rights as the case may be.

The Company shall be required to provide the Rights Agent with notice in writing of any such amendment, variation or rescission to this Agreement and/or the Rights as referred to in this Section 5.4 within five days of effecting such amendment, variation or rescission.

The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of Rights or to distribute Rights Certificates which evidence fractional Rights. In lieu of such fractional Rights, there shall be paid to the registered holders of the Rights Certificates with regard to which such fractional Rights would otherwise be issuable an amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the Market Price of a whole Right determined on the date on which such fractional Right would otherwise be issuable.

The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of Common Shares upon exercise of the Rights or to distribute certificates which evidence fractional Common Shares. Fractions of Common Shares may, at the election of the Company, be evidenced by scrip certificates or in lieu of issuing fractional Common Shares, the Company shall pay to the registered holders of Rights Certificates, at the time such Rights are exercised as herein provided, an amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the Market Price of one Common Share at the date of such exercise.

The Rights Agent shall have no obligation to make any payments in lieu of issuing fractions of Rights or Common Shares pursuant to paragraph (a) or (b), respectively, unless and until the Company shall have provided to the Rights Agent the amount of cash to be paid in lieu of issuing such fractional Rights or Common Shares, as the case may be.

Rights of Action

Regulatory Approvals

Unlawful Distributions

Notices

Benefits of this Agreement

Governing Law

Effective Date