EXHIBIT 1.1
________Shares
CLARENT CORPORATION
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT
----------------------
__________, 1999
Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation
BancBoston ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Inc.
▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Partners LLC
U.S. Bancorp ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Inc.
As Representatives of the Several Underwriters,
c/o Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation,
Eleven Madison Avenue,
New York, N.Y. 10010-3629
Dear Sirs:
1. Introductory. Clarent Corporation, a Delaware corporation ("Company"),
proposes to issue and sell shares ("Firm Securities") of its
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share ("Securities") and also proposes to
issue and sell to the Underwriters, at the option of the Underwriters, an
aggregate of not more than additional shares ("Optional
Securities") of its Securities as set forth below. The Firm Securities and the
Optional Securities are herein collectively called the "Offered Securities". The
Company hereby agrees with the several Underwriters named in Schedule A hereto
("Underwriters") as follows:
2. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company represents
and warrants to, and agrees with, the several Underwriters that:
(a) A registration statement (No. 333-76051) relating to the
Offered Securities, including a form of prospectus, has been filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission ("Commission") and either (i) has
been declared effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
("Act"), and is not proposed to be amended or (ii) is proposed to be
amended by amendment or post-effective amendment. If such registration
statement ("initial registration statement") has been declared effective,
either (i) an additional registration statement ("additional registration
statement") relating to the Offered Securities may have been filed with
the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(b) ("Rule 462(b)") under the Act and,
if so filed, has become effective upon filing pursuant to such Rule and
the Offered Securities all have been duly registered under the Act
pursuant to the initial registration statement and, if applicable, the
additional registration statement or (ii) such an additional registration
statement is proposed to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule
462(b) and will become effective upon filing pursuant to such Rule and
upon such filing the Offered Securities will all have been duly
registered under the Act pursuant to the initial registration statement
and such additional registration statement. If the Company does not
propose to amend the initial registration statement or if an additional
registration statement has been filed and the Company does not propose to
amend it, and if any post-effective amendment to either such registration
statement has been filed with the
Commission prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the
most recent amendment (if any) to each such registration statement has
been declared effective by the Commission or has become effective upon
filing pursuant to Rule 462(c) ("Rule 462(c)") under the Act or, in the
case of the additional registration statement, Rule 462(b). For purposes
of this Agreement, "Effective Time" with respect to the initial
registration statement or, if filed prior to the execution and delivery
of this Agreement, the additional registration statement means (i) if the
Company has advised the Representatives that it does not propose to amend
such registration statement, the date and time as of which such
registration statement, or the most recent post-effective amendment
thereto (if any) filed prior to the execution and delivery of this
Agreement, was declared effective by the Commission or has become
effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462(c), or (ii) if the Company has
advised the Representatives that it proposes to file an amendment or post-
effective amendment to such registration statement, the date and time as
of which such registration statement, as amended by such amendment or
post-effective amendment, as the case may be, is declared effective by
the Commission. If an additional registration statement has not been
filed prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement but the
Company has advised the Representatives that it proposes to file one,
"Effective Time" with respect to such additional registration statement
means the date and time as of which such registration statement is filed
and becomes effective pursuant to Rule 462(b). "Effective Date" with
respect to the initial registration statement or the additional
registration statement (if any) means the date of the Effective Time
thereof. The initial registration statement, as amended at its Effective
Time, including all information contained in the additional registration
statement (if any) and deemed to be a part of the initial registration
statement as of the Effective Time of the additional registration
statement pursuant to the General Instructions of the Form on which it is
filed and including all information (if any) deemed to be a part of the
initial registration statement as of its Effective Time pursuant to Rule
430A(b) ("Rule 430A(b)") under the Act, is hereinafter referred to as the
"Initial Registration Statement". The additional registration statement,
as amended at its Effective Time, including the contents of the initial
registration statement incorporated by reference therein and including
all information (if any) deemed to be a part of the additional
registration statement as of its Effective Time pursuant to Rule 430A(b),
is hereinafter referred to as the "Additional Registration Statement".
The Initial Registration Statement and the Additional Registration
Statement are herein referred to collectively as the "Registration
Statements" and individually as a "Registration Statement". The form of
prospectus relating to the Offered Securities, as first filed with the
Commission pursuant to and in accordance with Rule 424(b) ("Rule 424(b)")
under the Act or (if no such filing is required) as included in a
Registration Statement, is hereinafter referred to as the "Prospectus."
No document has been or will be prepared or distributed in reliance on
Rule 434 under the Act.
(b) If the Effective Time of the Initial Registration
Statement is prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement: (i)
on the Effective Date of the Initial Registration Statement, the Initial
Registration Statement conformed in all respects to the requirements of
the Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission ("Rules and
Regulations") and did not include any untrue statement of a material fact
or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or
necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, (ii) on the
Effective Date of the Additional Registration Statement (if any), each
Registration Statement conformed, or will conform, in all respects to the
requirements of the Act and the Rules and Regulations and did not
include, or will not include, any untrue statement of a material fact and
did not omit, or will not omit, to state any material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading
and (iii) on the date of this Agreement, the Initial Registration
Statement and, if the Effective Time of the Additional Registration
Statement is prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the
Additional Registration Statement, each conforms, and at the time of
filing of the Prospectus pursuant to Rule 424(b) or (if no such filing is
required) at the Effective Date of the Additional Registration Statement
in which the Prospectus is included, each Registration Statement and the
Prospectus will conform, in all respects to the requirements of the Act
and the Rules and Regulations, and neither of such documents includes, or
will include, any untrue statement of a material fact or omits, or will
omit, to state any material fact required to be stated therein or
necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. If the Effective
Time of
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the Initial Registration Statement is subsequent to the execution
and delivery of this Agreement: on the Effective Date of the Initial
Registration Statement, the Initial Registration Statement and the
Prospectus will conform in all respects to the requirements of the Act
and the Rules and Regulations, neither of such documents will include any
untrue statement of a material fact or will omit to state any material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein not misleading, and no Additional Registration Statement has been
or will be filed. The two preceding sentences do not apply to statements
in or omissions from a Registration Statement or the Prospectus based
upon written information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter
through the Representatives specifically for use therein, it being
understood and agreed that the only such information is that described as
such in Section 7(b) hereof.
(c) The Company has been duly incorporated and is an existing
corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware,
with power and authority (corporate and other) to own its properties and
conduct its business as described in the Prospectus; and the Company is
duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation in good standing
in all other jurisdictions in which its ownership or lease of property or
the conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the
failure to be so qualified would individually or in the aggregate have a
material adverse effect on the condition (financial or other), business,
properties or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries
taken as a whole ("Material Adverse Effect").
(d) Each subsidiary of the Company has been duly incorporated
and is an existing corporation in good standing under the laws of the
jurisdiction of its incorporation, with power and authority (corporate
and other) to own its properties and conduct its business as described in
the Prospectus; and each subsidiary of the Company is duly qualified to
do business as a foreign corporation in good standing in all other
jurisdictions in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct
of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to
be so qualified would not have a Material Adverse Effect; all of the
issued and outstanding capital stock of each subsidiary of the Company
has been duly authorized and validly issued and is fully paid and
nonassessable; and the capital stock of each subsidiary owned by the
Company, directly or through subsidiaries, is owned free from liens,
encumbrances and defects.
(e) The Offered Securities and all other outstanding shares of
capital stock of the Company have been duly authorized; all outstanding
shares of capital stock of the Company are, and, when the Offered
Securities have been issued, delivered and paid for in accordance with
this Agreement on each Closing Date (as defined below), such Offered
Securities will have been, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable
and will conform to the description thereof contained in the Prospectus
under the caption "Description of Capital Stock"; and the stockholders of
the Company have no preemptive rights with respect to the Securities.
(f) Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, there are no
contracts, agreements or understandings between the Company and any
person that would give rise to a valid claim against the Company or any
Underwriter for a brokerage commission, finder's fee or other like
payment in connection with this offering.
(g) There are no contracts, agreements or understandings
between the Company and any person granting such person the right to
require the Company to file a registration statement under the Act with
respect to any securities of the Company owned or to be owned by such
person or to require the Company to include such securities in the
securities registered pursuant to a Registration Statement or in any
securities being registered pursuant to any other registration statement
filed by the Company under the Act other than those that have been waived
(or expired).
(h) The Offered Securities have been approved for listing on
the Nasdaq Stock Market's National Market subject to notice of official
issuance.
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(i) No consent, approval, authorization, or order of, or
filing with, any governmental agency or body or any court is required for
the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement in
connection with the issuance and sale of the Offered Securities by the
Company, except such as have been obtained and made under the Act and
such as may be required under state securities laws.
(j) The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement,
and the issuance and sale of the Offered Securities will not result in a
breach or violation of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute
a default under, any statute, rule, regulation or order of any
governmental agency or body or any court, domestic or foreign, having
jurisdiction over the Company or any subsidiary of the Company or any of
their properties, or the charter or by-laws of the Company or any such
subsidiary, or result in a Material Adverse Effect in any agreement or
instrument to which the Company or any such subsidiary is a party or by
which the Company or any such subsidiary is bound or to which any of the
properties of the Company or any such subsidiary is subject, and the
Company has full power and authority to authorize, issue and sell the
Offered Securities as contemplated by this Agreement.
(k) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and
delivered by the Company.
(l) Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, the Company and its
subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all real properties and
all other properties and assets owned by them, in each case free from
liens, encumbrances and defects that would materially affect the value
thereof or materially interfere with the use made or to be made thereof
by them; and except as disclosed in the Prospectus, the Company and its
subsidiaries hold any leased real or personal property under valid and
enforceable leases with no exceptions that would materially interfere
with the use made or to be made thereof by them.
(m) The Company and its subsidiaries possess adequate
certificates, authorities or permits issued by appropriate governmental
agencies or bodies necessary to conduct their business as described in
the Prospectus and have not received any notice of proceedings relating
to the revocation or modification of any such certificate, authority or
permit that, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its
subsidiaries, would individually or in the aggregate have a Material
Adverse Effect.
(n) No labor dispute with the employees of the Company or any
subsidiary exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent that
might have a Material Adverse Effect.
(o) The Company and its subsidiaries own or possess, adequate
trademarks, trade names and other rights to inventions, know-how,
patents, copyrights, confidential information and other intellectual
property (collectively, "intellectual property rights") necessary to
conduct the business now operated by them, or currently employed by them,
except where the failure to so own or possess such intellectual property
rights would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect, and have not received any notice of infringement of or
conflict with asserted rights of others with respect to any intellectual
property rights that, if determined adversely to the Company or any of
its subsidiaries, would individually or in the aggregate have a Material
Adverse Effect.
(p) Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, neither the Company
nor any of its subsidiaries is in violation of any statute, any rule,
regulation, decision or order of any governmental agency or body or any
court, domestic or foreign, relating to the use, disposal or release of
hazardous or toxic substances or relating to the protection or
restoration of the environment or human exposure to hazardous or toxic
substances (collectively, "environmental laws"), owns or operates any
real property contaminated with any substance that is subject to any
environmental laws, is liable for any off-site disposal or contamination
pursuant to any environmental laws, or is subject to any claim relating
to any environmental laws, which violation, contamination, liability or
claim would
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individually or in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect; and the
Company is not aware of any pending investigation which might lead to
such a claim.
(q) Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, there are no
pending actions, suits or proceedings against the Company, any of its
subsidiaries or any of their respective properties that, if determined
adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, would individually
or in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect, or would materially
and adversely affect the ability of the Company to perform its
obligations under this Agreement, or which are otherwise material in the
context of the sale of the Offered Securities; and no such actions, suits
or proceedings are threatened in writing or, to the Company's knowledge,
contemplated.
(r) The financial statements included in each Registration
Statement and the Prospectus present fairly the financial position of the
Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as of the dates shown and their
results of operations and cash flows for the periods shown, and such
financial statements have been prepared in conformity with the generally
accepted accounting principles in the United States applied on a
consistent basis.
(s) Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, since the date of
the latest audited financial statements included in the Prospectus there
has been no material adverse change, nor any development or event
involving a prospective material adverse change, in the condition
(financial or other), business, properties or results of operations of
the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, and, except as
disclosed in or contemplated by the Prospectus, there has been no
dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made by the
Company on any class of its capital stock.
(t) The Company and each of its subsidiaries maintains a
system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable
assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with
management's general or specific authorizations; (ii) transactions are
recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to maintain
asset accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in
accordance with management's general or specific authorization; and (iv)
the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing
assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with
respect to any differences.
(u) All material tax returns required to be filed by the
Company and each of its subsidiaries in any jurisdiction have been filed
or have properly been extended, other than those filings being contested
in good faith, and all material taxes, including withholding taxes,
penalties and interest, assessments, fees and other charges due pursuant
to such returns or pursuant to any assessment received by the Company or
any of its subsidiaries have been paid, other than those being contested
in good faith and for which adequate reserves have been provided.
(v) The Company is not and, after giving effect to the
offering and sale of the Offered Securities and the application of the
proceeds thereof as described in the Prospectus, will not be an
"investment company" as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940.
(w) The execution and delivery of the Agreement and Plan of
Merger dated as of , 1999 (the "Merger Agreement") between Clarent
Corporation, a California corporation (the "California Corporation"), and
the Company, effecting the reincorporation of the California Corporation
under the laws of the State of Delaware (the "Reincorporation"), was duly
authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of each of the
California Corporation and the Company. Each of the California
Corporation and the Company had all corporate power and corporate
authority to execute and deliver the Merger Agreement, to file the Merger
Agreement with the Secretary of State of California and the Secretary of
State of Delaware and to consummate the reincorporation contemplated by
the Merger Agreement, and the Merger Agreement at the time of execution
and filing constituted a valid and binding obligation of each of the
California Corporation and the Company. The Company, as
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a newly incorporated Delaware corporation has substantially the same
rights under all material contracts to which the California Corporation
was a party immediately prior to the Reincorporation, except for those
rights which have terminated according to their terms (not by virtue of
the Reincorporation)
3. Purchase, Sale and Delivery of Offered Securities. On the basis of the
representations, warranties and agreements herein contained, but subject to the
terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company agrees to sell to the
Underwriters, and the Underwriters agree, severally and not jointly, to purchase
from the Company, at a purchase price of $ per share, the numbers of
shares of Firm Securities set forth opposite the names of the Underwriters in
Schedule A hereto.
The Company will deliver the Firm Securities to the Representatives for the
accounts of the Underwriters, against payment of the purchase price in Federal
(same day) funds by official bank check or checks or wire transfer to an account
at a bank acceptable to Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation ("CSFBC") drawn
to the order of the Company at the office of the Company located at ▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, at A.M., New York time, on
, or at such other time not later than seven full business days thereafter as
CSFBC and the Company determine, such time being herein referred to as the
"First Closing Date". For purposes of Rule 15c6-1 under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, the First Closing Date (if later than the otherwise applicable
settlement date) shall be the settlement date for payment of funds and delivery
of securities for all the Offered Securities sold pursuant to the offering. The
certificates for the Firm Securities so to be delivered will be in definitive
form, in such denominations and registered in such names as CSFBC requests and
will be made available for checking and packaging at the above office of CSFBC
at least 24 hours prior to the First Closing Date.
In addition, upon written notice from CSFBC given to the Company from time
to time not more than 30 days subsequent to the date of the Prospectus, the
Underwriters may purchase all or less than all of the Optional Securities at the
purchase price per Security to be paid for the Firm Securities. The Company
agrees to sell to the Underwriters the number of shares of Optional Securities
specified in such notice and the Underwriters agree, severally and not jointly,
to purchase such Optional Securities. Such Optional Securities shall be
purchased for the account of each Underwriter in the same proportion as the
number of shares of Firm Securities set forth opposite such Underwriter's name
bears to the total number of shares of Firm Securities (subject to adjustment by
CSFBC to eliminate fractions) and may be purchased by the Underwriters only for
the purpose of covering over-allotments made in connection with the sale of the
Firm Securities. No Optional Securities shall be sold or delivered unless the
Firm Securities previously have been, or simultaneously are, sold and delivered.
The right to purchase the Optional Securities or any portion thereof may be
exercised from time to time and to the extent not previously exercised may be
surrendered and terminated at any time upon notice by CSFBC to the Company.
Each time for the delivery of and payment for the Optional Securities,
being herein referred to as an "Optional Closing Date", which may be the First
Closing Date (the First Closing Date and each Optional Closing Date, if any,
being sometimes referred to as a "Closing Date"), shall be determined by CSFBC
but shall be not later than five full business days after written notice of
election to purchase Optional Securities is given. The Company will deliver the
Optional Securities being purchased on each Optional Closing Date to the
Representatives for the accounts of the several Underwriters, against payment of
the purchase price therefor in Federal (same day) funds by official bank check
or checks or wire transfer to an account at a bank acceptable to CSFBC drawn to
the order of the Company, at the above office of the Company located at ▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇. The certificates for the Optional
Securities being purchased on each Optional Closing Date will be in definitive
form, in such denominations and registered in such names as CSFBC requests upon
reasonable notice prior to such Optional Closing Date and will be made available
for checking and packaging at the above office of CSFBC at a reasonable time in
advance of such Optional Closing Date.
4. Offering by Underwriters. It is understood that the several Underwriters
propose to offer the Offered Securities for sale to the public as set forth in
the Prospectus.
5. Certain Agreements of the Company. The Company agrees with the several
Underwriters that:
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(a) If the Effective Time of the Initial Registration
Statement is prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the
Company will file the Prospectus with the Commission pursuant to and in
accordance with subparagraph (1) (or, if applicable and if consented to
by CSFBC, subparagraph (4)) of Rule 424(b) not later than the earlier of
(A) the second business day following the execution and delivery of this
Agreement or (B) the fifteenth business day after the Effective Date of
the Initial Registration Statement.
The Company will advise CSFBC promptly of any such filing
pursuant to Rule 424(b). If the Effective Time of the Initial
Registration Statement is prior to the execution and delivery of this
Agreement and an additional registration statement is necessary to
register a portion of the Offered Securities under the Act but the
Effective Time thereof has not occurred as of such execution and
delivery, the Company will file the additional registration statement or,
if filed, will file a post-effective amendment thereto with the
Commission pursuant to and in accordance with Rule 462(b) on or prior to
10:00 P.M., New York time, on the date of this Agreement or, if earlier,
on or prior to the time the Prospectus is printed and distributed to any
Underwriter, or will make such filing at such later date as shall have
been consented to by CSFBC.
(b) The Company will advise CSFBC promptly of any proposal to
amend or supplement the initial or any additional registration statement
as filed or the related prospectus or the Initial Registration Statement,
the Additional Registration Statement (if any) or the Prospectus and will
not effect such amendment or supplementation without CSFBC's consent; and
the Company will also advise CSFBC promptly of the effectiveness of each
Registration Statement (if its Effective Time is subsequent to the
execution and delivery of this Agreement) and of any amendment or
supplementation of a Registration Statement or the Prospectus and of the
institution by the Commission of any stop order proceedings in respect of
a Registration Statement and will use its best efforts to prevent the
issuance of any such stop order and to obtain as soon as possible its
lifting, if issued.
(c) If, at any time when a prospectus relating to the Offered
Securities is required to be delivered under the Act in connection with
sales by any Underwriter or dealer, any event occurs as a result of which
the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary
to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under
which they were made, not misleading, or if it is necessary at any time
to amend the Prospectus to comply with the Act, the Company will promptly
notify CSFBC of such event and will promptly prepare and file with the
Commission, at its own expense, an amendment or supplement which will
correct such statement or omission or an amendment which will effect such
compliance. Neither CSFBC's consent to, nor the Underwriters' delivery
of, any such amendment or supplement shall constitute a waiver of any of
the conditions set forth in Section 6.
(d) As soon as practicable, but not later than the
Availability Date (as defined below), the Company will make generally
available to its securityholders an earnings statement covering a period
of at least 12 months beginning after the Effective Date of the Initial
Registration Statement (or, if later, the Effective Date of the
Additional Registration Statement) which will satisfy the provisions of
Section 11(a) of the Act. For the purpose of the preceding sentence,
"Availability Date" means the 45th day after the end of the fourth fiscal
quarter following the fiscal quarter that includes such Effective Date,
except that, if such fourth fiscal quarter is the last quarter of the
Company's fiscal year, "Availability Date" means the 90th day after the
end of such fourth fiscal quarter.
(e) The Company will furnish to the Representatives copies of
each Registration Statement (five of which will be signed and will
include all exhibits), each related preliminary prospectus, and, so long
as a prospectus relating to the Offered Securities is required to be
delivered under the Act in connection with sales by any Underwriter or
dealer, the Prospectus and all amendments and supplements to such
documents, in each case in such quantities as CSFBC requests. The
Prospectus shall be so furnished on or prior to 3:00 P.M., New York time,
on the business day
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following the later of the execution and delivery of this Agreement or
the Effective Time of the Initial Registration Statement. All other
documents shall be so furnished as soon as available. The Company will
pay the expenses of printing and distributing to the Underwriters all
such documents.
(f) The Company will cooperate to qualify or register the
Offered Securities for sale under the laws of such jurisdictions as CSFBC
designates and will continue such qualifications in effect so long as
required for the distribution.
(g) During the period of five (5) years hereafter, the Company
will furnish to the Representatives and, upon request, to each of the
other Underwriters, as soon as practicable after the end of each fiscal
year, a copy of its annual report to stockholders for such year; and the
Company will furnish to the Representatives (i) as soon as available, a
copy of each report and any definitive proxy statement of the Company
filed with the Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or
mailed to stockholders, and (ii) from time to time, such other
information concerning the Company as CSFBC may reasonably request.
(h) The Company will pay all expenses incident to the
performance of its obligations under this Agreement, for any filing fees
and other expenses (including fees and disbursements of counsel) incurred
in connection with qualification of the Offered Securities for sale under
the laws of such jurisdictions as CSFBC designates and the printing of
memoranda relating thereto, for the filing fee incident to, and the
reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to the Underwriters in
connection with, the review by the National Association of Securities
Dealers, Inc. of the Offered Securities, for any travel expenses of the
Company's officers and employees and any other expenses of the Company in
connection with attending or hosting meetings with prospective purchasers
of the Offered Securities and for expenses incurred in distributing
preliminary prospectuses and the Prospectus (including any amendments and
supplements thereto) to the Underwriters.
(i) For a period of 180 days after the date of the initial
public offering of the Offered Securities, the Company will not offer,
sell, contract to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of, directly or
indirectly or transfer the economic ownership interest of, or file with
the Commission a registration statement under the Act relating to, any
additional shares of its Securities or securities convertible into or
exchangeable or exercisable for any shares of its Securities, or publicly
disclose the intention to make any such offer, sale, pledge, disposition
or filing, without the prior written consent of CSFBC, except issuances
of Securities pursuant to the conversion or exchange of convertible or
exchangeable securities or the exercise of warrants or options, in each
case outstanding on the date hereof, grants of employee stock options
pursuant to the terms of a plan or plans in effect on the date hereof,
issuances of Securities pursuant to the exercise of such options.
(j) The Company will (i) enforce the terms of each Lock-up
Agreement, and (ii) issue stop-transfer instructions to the transfer
agent for the Securities with respect to any transaction or contemplated
transaction that would constitute a breach of or default under the
applicable Lock-up Agreement. In addition, except with the prior written
consent of CSFBC, the Company agrees (i) not to amend or terminate, or
waive any right under, any Lock-up Agreement, or take any other action
that would directly or indirectly have the same effect as an amendment or
termination, or waiver of any right under any Lock-up Agreement, that
would permit any holder of Securities, or any securities convertible
into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, Securities, to make any short
sale of, grant any option for the purchase of, or otherwise transfer or
dispose of, any such Securities or other securities, prior to the
expiration of the 180 days after the date of the Prospectus and (ii) not
to consent to any sale, short sale, grant of an option for the purchase
of, or other disposition or transfer of shares of Securities, or
securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for
Securities, subject to a Lock-up Agreement.
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6. Conditions of the Obligations of the Underwriters. The obligations of the
several Underwriters to purchase and pay for the Firm Securities on the First
Closing Date and the Optional Securities to be purchased on each Optional
Closing Date will be subject to the accuracy of the representations and
warranties on the part of the Company herein, to the accuracy of the statements
of Company officers made pursuant to the provisions hereof, to the performance
by the Company of its obligations hereunder and to the following additional
conditions precedent:
(a) The Representatives shall have received a letter, dated
the date of delivery thereof (which, if the Effective Time of the Initial
Registration Statement is prior to the execution and delivery of this
Agreement, shall be on or prior to the date of this Agreement or, if the
Effective Time of the Initial Registration Statement is subsequent to the
execution and delivery of this Agreement, shall be prior to the filing of
the amendment or post-effective amendment to the registration statement
to be filed shortly prior to such Effective Time), of Ernst & Young LLP
confirming that they are independent public accountants within the
meaning of the Act and the applicable published Rules and Regulations
thereunder and stating to the effect that:
(i) in their opinion the financial statements and
schedules examined by them and included in the Registration
Statements comply as to form in all material respects with the
applicable accounting requirements of the Act and the related
published Rules and Regulations;
(ii) they have performed the procedures specified by the
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants for a
review of interim financial information as described in
Statement of Auditing Standards No. 71, Interim Financial
Information, on the unaudited financial statements included in
the Registration Statements;
(iii) on the basis of the review referred to in clause
(ii) above, a reading of the latest available interim
financial statements of the Company, inquiries of officials of
the Company who have responsibility for financial and
accounting matters and other specified procedures, nothing
came to their attention that caused them to believe that:
(A) the unaudited financial statements included in
the Registration Statements do not comply as to form in
all material respects with the applicable accounting
requirements of the Act and the related published Rules
and Regulations or any material modifications should be
made to such unaudited financial statements for them to be
in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles;
(B) at the date of the latest available balance
sheet read by such accountants, or at a subsequent
specified date not more than three business days prior to
the date of such letter, there was any change in the
capital stock or any increase in short-term indebtedness
or long-term debt of the Company and its consolidated
subsidiaries or, at the date of the latest available
balance sheet read by such accountants, there was any
decrease in consolidated net current assets or net assets,
as compared with amounts shown on the latest balance sheet
included in the Prospectus; or
(C) for the period from the closing date of the
latest income statement included in the Prospectus to the
closing date of the latest available income statement read
by such accountants there were any decreases, as compared
with the corresponding period of the previous year and
with the period of corresponding length ended the date of
the latest income statement included in the Prospectus in
consolidated net operating income or in the total or per
share amounts of consolidated net income.
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except in all cases set forth in clauses (B) and (C) above for changes,
increases or decreases which the Prospectus discloses have occurred or
may occur or which are described in such letter; and
(iv) they have compared specified dollar amounts (or
percentages derived from such dollar amounts) and other
financial information contained in the Registration Statements
(in each case to the extent that such dollar amounts,
percentages and other financial information are derived from
the general accounting records of the Company and its
subsidiaries subject to the internal controls of the Company's
accounting system or are derived directly from such records by
analysis or computation) with the results obtained from
inquiries, a reading of such general accounting records and
other procedures specified in such letter and have found such
dollar amounts, percentages and other financial information to
be in agreement with such results, except as otherwise
specified in such letter.
For purposes of this subsection, (i) if the Effective Time of the Initial
Registration Statement is subsequent to the execution and delivery of
this Agreement, "Registration Statements" shall mean the initial
registration statement as proposed to be amended by the amendment or post-
effective amendment to be filed shortly prior to its Effective Time, (ii)
if the Effective Time of the Initial Registration Statement is prior to
the execution and delivery of this Agreement but the Effective Time of
the Additional Registration is subsequent to such execution and delivery,
"Registration Statements" shall mean the Initial Registration Statement
and the additional registration statement as proposed to be filed or as
proposed to be amended by the post-effective amendment to be filed
shortly prior to its Effective Time, and (iii) "Prospectus" shall mean
the prospectus included in the Registration Statements.
(b) If the Effective Time of the Initial Registration
Statement is not prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement,
such Effective Time shall have occurred not later than 10:00 P.M., New
York time, on the date of this Agreement or such later date as shall have
been consented to by CSFBC. If the Effective Time of the Additional
Registration Statement (if any) is not prior to the execution and
delivery of this Agreement, such Effective Time shall have occurred not
later than 10:00 P.M., New York time, on the date of this Agreement or,
if earlier, the time the Prospectus is printed and distributed to any
Underwriter, or shall have occurred at such later date as shall have been
consented to by CSFBC. If the Effective Time of the Initial Registration
Statement is prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the
Prospectus shall have been filed with the Commission in accordance with
the Rules and Regulations and Section 5(a) of this Agreement. Prior to
such Closing Date, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of a
Registration Statement shall have been issued and no proceedings for that
purpose shall have been instituted or, to the knowledge of the Company or
the Representatives, shall be contemplated by the Commission.
(c) Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this
Agreement, there shall not have occurred (i) any change, or any
development or event involving a prospective change, in the condition
(financial or other), business, properties or results of operations of
the Company or its subsidiaries which, in the judgment of a majority in
interest of the Underwriters including the Representatives, is material
and adverse and makes it impractical or inadvisable to proceed with
completion of the public offering or the sale of and payment for the
Offered Securities; (ii) any downgrading in the rating of any debt
securities of the Company by any "nationally recognized statistical
rating organization" (as defined for purposes of Rule 436(g) under the
Act), or any public announcement that any such organization has under
surveillance or review its rating of any debt securities of the Company
(other than an announcement with positive implications of a possible
upgrading, and no implication of a possible downgrading, of such rating);
(iii) any suspension or limitation of trading in securities generally on
the New York Stock Exchange, or any setting of minimum prices for trading
on such exchange, or any suspension of trading of any securities of the
Company on any exchange or in the over-the-counter market; (iv) any
banking moratorium declared by U.S. Federal or New York authorities; or
(v) any outbreak or escalation of major hostilities in which the United
is involved, any
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declaration of war by Congress or any other substantial national or
international calamity or emergency if, in the judgment of a majority in
interest of the Underwriters including the Representatives, the effect of
any such outbreak, escalation, declaration, calamity or emergency makes
it impractical or inadvisable to proceed with completion of the public
offering or the sale of and payment for the Offered Securities.
(d) The Representatives shall have received an opinion, dated
such Closing Date, of ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Godward LLP, counsel for the Company, to the
effect that:
(i) The Company has been duly incorporated and is an
existing corporation in good standing under the laws of the
State of Delaware, with corporate power and authority to own
its properties and conduct its business as described in the
Prospectus; and the Company is duly qualified to do business
as a foreign corporation in good standing in all other
jurisdictions in which its ownership or lease of property or
the conduct of its business requires such qualification except
where the failure to be so qualified would not have a material
adverse effect on the business, financial condition or results
of operations of the Company;
(ii) Each subsidiary of the Company has been duly
incorporated and is an existing corporation in good standing
under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, with
power and authority (corporate and other) to own its
properties and conduct its business as described in the
Prospectus; and each subsidiary of the Company is duly
qualified to do business as a foreign corporation in good
standing in all other jurisdictions in which its ownership or
lease of property or the conduct of its business requires such
qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified
would not have a material adverse effect on the business,
financial condition or results of operations of the Company;
all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of each
subsidiary of the Company has been duly authorized and validly
issued and is fully paid and nonassessable; and the capital
stock of each subsidiary owned by the Company, directly or
through subsidiaries, is owned free from liens, encumbrances
and defects.
(iii) The Offered Securities delivered on such Closing
Date against payment therefor, and all other outstanding
shares of the Common Stock of the Company have been duly
authorized and validly issued, are fully paid and
nonassessable and conform to the description thereof contained
in the Prospectus; and the stockholders of the Company have no
preemptive rights with respect to the Securities;
(iv) Except as disclosed in the Prospectus to such
counsel's knowledge, there are no contracts, agreements or
understandings between the Company and any person granting
such person the right to require the Company to file a
registration statement under the Act with respect to any
securities of the Company owned or to be owned by such person
or to require the Company to include such securities in the
securities registered pursuant to the Registration Statement
or in any securities being registered pursuant to any other
registration statement filed by the Company under the Act
other than those that have been waived (or expired);
(v) The Company is not and, after giving effect to the
offering and sale of the Offered Securities and the
application of the proceeds thereof as described in the
Prospectus, will not be an "investment company" as defined in
the Investment Company Act of 1940.
(vi) No consent, approval, authorization or order of, or
filing with, any governmental agency or body or any court is
required for the consummation of the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement in connection with the issuance or sale of
the Offered Securities by the Company, except such as have
been obtained and made under the Act and such as may be
required under state securities laws;
-11-
(vii) The execution, delivery and performance of this
Agreement and the issuance and sale of the Offered Securities
will not result in a breach or violation of any of the terms
and provisions of, or constitute a default under, any statute,
any rule, regulation or order of any governmental agency or
body or any court having jurisdiction over the Company or any
subsidiary of the Company or any of their properties, or any
agreement or instrument to which the Company or any such
subsidiary is a party or by which the Company or any such
subsidiary is bound or to which any of the properties of the
Company or any such subsidiary is subject, or the charter or
by-laws of the Company or any such subsidiary, and the Company
has full power and authority to authorize, issue and sell the
Offered Securities as contemplated by this Agreement;
(viii) The Initial Registration Statement was declared
effective under the Act as of the date and time specified in
such opinion, the Additional Registration Statement (if any)
was filed and became effective under the Act as of the date
and time (if determinable) specified in such opinion, the
Prospectus either was filed with the Commission pursuant to
the subparagraph of Rule 424(b) specified in such opinion on
the date specified therein or was included in the Initial
Registration Statement or the Additional Registration
Statement (as the case may be), and, to the best of the
knowledge of such counsel, no stop order suspending the
effectiveness of a Registration Statement or any part thereof
has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been
instituted or are pending or contemplated under the Act, and
each Registration Statement and the Prospectus, and each
amendment or supplement thereto, as of their respective
effective or issue dates, complied as to form in all material
respects with the requirements of the Act and the Rules and
Regulations; such counsel have no reason to believe that any
part of a Registration Statement or any amendment thereto, as
of its effective date or as of such Closing Date, contained
any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state
any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary
to make the statements therein not misleading or that the
Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, as of its
issue date or as of such Closing Date, contained any untrue
statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material
fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the
light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading; the descriptions in the Registration Statements
and Prospectus of statutes, legal and governmental proceedings
and contracts and other documents are accurate and fairly
present the information required to be shown; and such counsel
do not know of any legal or governmental proceedings required
to be described in a Registration Statement or the Prospectus
which are not described as required or of any contracts or
documents of a character required to be described in a
Registration Statement or the Prospectus or to be filed as
exhibits to a Registration Statement which are not described
and filed as required; it being understood that such counsel
need express no opinion as to the financial statements or
other financial data contained in the Registration Statements
or the Prospectus;
(ix) The statements set forth under the heading
"Management," "Certain Transactions" and "Description of
Capital Stock" in the Prospectus, insofar as such statements
purport to summarize legal matters, documents or proceedings
referred to therein, provide a fair summary of such
provisions;
(x) No relationship, direct or indirect, exists between
or among the Company or any of its subsidiaries on the one
hand, and the directors, officers, stockholders, customers or
suppliers of the Company or any of its subsidiaries on the
other hand, which is required by the Act to be described in
the Registration Statement or the Prospectus which is not so
described;
(xi) The execution and delivery of the Merger Agreement,
effecting the Reincorporation was duly authorized by all
necessary corporate action on the part of each of the
California Corporation and the Company. Each of the California
Corporation and the
-12-
Company had all corporate power and corporate authority to
execute and deliver the Merger Agreement, to file the Merger
Agreement with the Secretary of State of California and the
Secretary of State of Delaware and to consummate the
Reincorporation contemplated by the Merger Agreement, and the
Merger Agreement at the time of execution and filing
constituted a valid and binding obligation of each of the
California Corporation and the Company. The Company as a newly
incorporated Delaware corporation has substantially the same
rights under all contracts material to the Company's business
to which the California Corporation was a party immediately
prior to the Reincorporation, as described in the Prospectus,
except for those rights which have terminated according to
their terms (not by virtue of the Reincorporation); and
(xii) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed
and delivered by the Company.
(e) The Representatives shall have received from ▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇▇, Professional Corporation, counsel for the
Underwriters, such opinion or opinions, dated such Closing Date, with
respect to the incorporation of the Company, the validity of the Offered
Securities delivered on such Closing Date, the Registration Statements,
the Prospectus and other related matters as the Representatives may
require, and the Company shall have furnished to such counsel such
documents as they request for the purpose of enabling them to pass upon
such matters. In rendering such opinion, ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ &
▇▇▇▇▇▇, Professional Corporation may rely as to the incorporation of the
Company upon the opinion of ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Godward LLP referred to above.
(f) The Representatives shall have received from ▇▇▇▇ &
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, patent counsel to the Company, dated such Closing Date, with
respect to certain intellectual property matters, to the effect that:
(i) Such counsel is familiar with the technology used
by the Company in its business and the manner of its use and
has read the portions of the Registration Statement and
Prospectus entitled "Risk Factors - We may not have adequate
protection for our intellectual property," " - Our products
may infringe on the intellectual rights of third parties" and
"Business - Patents and Intellectual Property" and that such
counsel is of the opinion that such sections are accurate and
complete statements or summaries in all material respects of
the matters therein set forth;
(ii) To the best of such counsel's knowledge, there are
no judicial proceedings pending relating to patents, patent
rights or proprietary information to which the Company is a
party or of which any property of the Company is subject and,
to such counsel's knowledge, no such judicial proceedings are
threatened by governmental authorities or others;
(iii) The Company's patent applications have been
properly prepared and filed on behalf of the Company. Each of
the applications are held by the Company and, except as set
forth in the Prospectus, no other entity or individual has any
right or claim in any of the applications or any patent to be
issued therefrom, by virtue of any contract, license or other
agreement, known to such counsel, entered into between such
entity and the Company; and
(iv) To the best of such counsel's knowledge, except as
otherwise disclosed in the Prospectus, the Company owns, or
possesses adequate rights to use, all patents, patent rights,
inventions, trade secrets, know-how, trademarks, service
marks, trade names and copyrights described or referred to in
the Prospectus as owned or used by it or which are necessary
for the conduct of its business as described in the
Prospectus; the Company has not received any notice of
infringement of or conflict with asserted rights of others
with respect to any patents, patent rights, inventions, trade
secrets, know-how, trademarks, service marks,
-13-
trade names or copyrights which, singly or in the aggregate,
if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding,
would have a material adverse effect on the condition
(financial or otherwise), business, results of operations or
prospects of the Company.
In addition, such counsel shall state that although he has not
verified the accuracy or completeness of the statements contained in the
Prospectus, nothing has come to the attention of such counsel that caused
him to believe that, at the time the Registration Statement became
effective, or at the First Closing Date or the Optional Closing Date, as
the case may be, the information set forth in the Prospectus under the
captions at "Risk Factors - We May Not Adequately Protect Our
Intellectual Property And Our Products May Infringe On The Intellectual
Rights of Third Parties" and "Business - Intellectual Property" contained
any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material
fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
(g) The Representatives shall have received a certificate,
dated such Closing Date, of the President or any Vice President and a
principal financial or accounting officer of the Company in which such
officers, to the best of their knowledge after reasonable investigation,
shall state that: the representations and warranties of the Company in
this Agreement are true and correct; the Company has complied with all
agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or
satisfied hereunder at or prior to such Closing Date; no stop order
suspending the effectiveness of any Registration Statement has been
issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are
contemplated by the Commission; the Additional Registration Statement (if
any) satisfying the requirements of subparagraphs (1) and (3) of Rule
462(b) was filed pursuant to Rule 462(b), including payment of the
applicable filing fee in accordance with Rule 111(a) or (b) under the
Act, prior to the time the Prospectus was printed and distributed to any
Underwriter; and, subsequent to dates of the most recent financial
statements in the Prospectus, there has been no material adverse change,
nor any development or event involving a prospective material adverse
change, in the condition (financial or other), business, properties or
results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a
whole except as set forth in or contemplated by the Prospectus or as
described in such certificate.
(h) The Representatives shall have received a letter, dated
such Closing Date, of Ernst & Young LLP which meets the requirements of
subsection (a) of this Section, except that the specified date referred
to in such subsection will be a date not more than three days prior to
such Closing Date for the purposes of this subsection.
The Company will furnish the Representatives with such conformed copies of such
opinions, certificates, letters and documents as the Representatives reasonably
request. CSFBC may in its sole discretion waive on behalf of the Underwriters
compliance with any conditions to the obligations of the Underwriters hereunder,
whether in respect of an Optional Closing Date or otherwise.
7. Indemnification and Contribution.
(a) The Company will indemnify and hold harmless each
Underwriter, its partners, directors and officers and each person, if
any, who controls such Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of
the Act, against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or
several, to which such Underwriter may become subject, under the Act or
otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or
actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue
statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in
any Registration Statement, the Prospectus, or any amendment or
supplement thereto, or any related preliminary prospectus, or arise out
of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading, and will reimburse each Underwriter
for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such Underwriter
in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim,
damage, liability or action as such expenses are incurred; provided,
-14-
however, that the Company will not be liable in any such case to the
extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is
based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement in or omission
or alleged omission from any of such documents in reliance upon and in
conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any
Underwriter through the Representatives specifically for use therein, it
being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by
any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in
subsection (b) below.
(b) Each Underwriter will severally and not jointly indemnify
and hold harmless the Company, its directors and officers and each
person, if any who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15
of the Act, against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which
the Company may become subject, under the Act or otherwise, insofar as
such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect
thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged
untrue statement of any material fact contained in any Registration
Statement, the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or any
related preliminary prospectus, or arise out of or are based upon the
omission or the alleged omission to state therein a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein
not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that
such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged
omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with written
information furnished to the Company by such Underwriter through the
Representatives specifically for use therein, and will reimburse any
legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Company in connection
with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability
or action as such expenses are incurred, it being understood and agreed
that the only such information furnished by any Underwriter consists of
the following information in the Prospectus furnished on behalf of each
Underwriter: the concession and reallowance figures appearing in the
fourth paragraph under the caption "Underwriting" and the information
contained in the twelfth and thirteenth paragraphs under the caption
"Underwriting."
(c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this
Section of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified
party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the
indemnifying party under subsection (a) or (b) above, notify the
indemnifying party of the commencement thereof; but the omission so to
notify the indemnifying party will not relieve it from any liability
which it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under
subsection (a) or (b) above. In case any such action is brought against
any indemnified party and it notifies the indemnifying party of the
commencement thereof, the indemnifying party will be entitled to
participate therein and, to the extent that it may wish, jointly with any
other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense
thereof, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party
(who shall not, except with the consent of the indemnified party, be
counsel to the indemnifying party), and after notice from the
indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election so to assume
the defense thereof, the indemnifying party will not be liable to such
indemnified party under this Section for any legal or other expenses
subsequently incurred by such indemnified party in connection with the
defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation. No
indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of the
indemnified party, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened
action in respect of which any indemnified party is or could have been a
party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such indemnified
party unless such settlement includes an unconditional release of such
indemnified party from all liability on any claims that are the subject
matter of such action.
(d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section is
unavailable or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under
subsection (a) or (b) above, then each indemnifying party shall
contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a
result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to in
subsection (a) or (b) above (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to
reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and
the Underwriters on the other from the offering of the Securities or (ii)
if the allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by
applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only
the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the
relative fault of the Company on the one
-15-
hand and the Underwriters on the other in connection with the statements
or omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages or
liabilities as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The
relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the
Underwriters on the other shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as
the total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting expenses)
received by the Company bear to the total underwriting discounts and
commissions received by the Underwriters. The relative fault shall be
determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or
alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged
omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the
Company or the Underwriters and the parties' relative intent, knowledge,
access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such untrue
statement or omission. The amount paid by an indemnified party as a
result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to in the
first sentence of this subsection (d) shall be deemed to include any
legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in
connection with investigating or defending any action or claim which is
the subject of this subsection (d). Notwithstanding the provisions of
this subsection (d), no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any
amount in excess of the amount by which the total price at which the
Securities underwritten by it and distributed to the public were offered
to the public exceeds the amount of any damages which such Underwriter
has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged
untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of
fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the
Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty
of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Underwriters' obligations in
this subsection (d) to contribute are several in proportion to their
respective underwriting obligations and not joint.
(e) The obligations of the Company under this Section shall be
in addition to any liability which the Company may otherwise have and
shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each person, if any,
who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of the Act; and the
obligations of the Underwriters under this Section shall be in addition
to any liability which the respective Underwriters may otherwise have and
shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each director of the
Company, to each officer of the Company who has signed a Registration
Statement and to each person, if any, who controls the Company within the
meaning of the Act.
8. Default of Underwriters. If any Underwriter or Underwriters default in
their obligations to purchase Offered Securities hereunder on either the First
Closing Date or any Optional Closing Date and the aggregate number of shares
that such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed but failed to purchase
does not exceed 10% of the total number of shares of Offered Securities that the
Underwriters are obligated to purchase on such Closing Date, CSFBC may make
arrangements satisfactory to the Company for the purchase of such Offered
Securities by other persons, including any of the Underwriters, but if no such
arrangements are made by such Closing Date, the non-defaulting Underwriters
shall be obligated severally, in proportion to their respective commitments
hereunder, to purchase the Offered Securities that such defaulting Underwriters
agreed but failed to purchase on such Closing Date. If any Underwriter or
Underwriters so default and the aggregate number of shares of Offered Securities
with respect to which such default or defaults occur exceeds 10% of the total
number of shares of Offered Securities that the Underwriters are obligated to
purchase on such Closing Date and arrangements satisfactory to CSFBC and the
Company for the purchase of such Offered Securities by other persons are not
made within 36 hours after such default, this Agreement will terminate without
liability on the part of any non-defaulting Underwriter or the Company, except
as provided in Section 9 (provided that if such default occurs with respect to
Optional Securities after the First Closing Date, this Agreement will not
terminate as to the Firm Securities or any Optional Securities purchased prior
to such termination). As used in this Agreement, the term "Underwriter" includes
any person substituted for an Underwriter under this Section. Nothing herein
will relieve a defaulting Underwriter from liability for its default.
9. Survival of Certain Representations and Obligations. The respective
indemnities, agreements, representations, warranties and other statements of the
Company or its officers and of the several Underwriters set forth in or made
pursuant to this Agreement will remain in full force and effect, regardless of
any investigation, or statement as to the results thereof, made by or on behalf
of any Underwriter, the Company or any of their respective representatives,
officers or directors or any controlling person, and will survive delivery of
and payment for the Offered Securities. If this
-16-
Agreement is terminated pursuant to Section 8 or if for any reason the
purchase of the Offered Securities by the Underwriters is not consummated, the
Company shall remain responsible for the expenses to be paid or reimbursed by
it pursuant to Section 5 and the respective obligations of the Company and the
Underwriters pursuant to Section 7 shall remain in effect, and if any Offered
Securities have been purchased hereunder the representations and warranties in
Section 2 and all obligations under Section 5 shall also remain in effect. If
the purchase of the Offered Securities by the Underwriters is not consummated
for any reason other than solely because of the termination of this Agreement
pursuant to Section 8 or the occurrence of any event specified in clause
(iii), (iv) or (v) of Section 6(c), the Company will reimburse the
Underwriters for all out-of-pocket expenses (including fees and disbursements
of counsel) reasonably incurred by them in connection with the offering of the
Offered Securities.
10. Notices. All communications hereunder will be in writing and, if sent to
the Underwriters, will be mailed, delivered or telegraphed and confirmed to the
Representatives c/o Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation, Eleven Madison
Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010-3629, Attention: Investment Banking Department--
Transactions Advisory Group, or, if sent to the Company, will be mailed,
delivered or telegraphed and confirmed to it at Clarent Corporation, ▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, Attention: Chief Operating
Officer; provided, however, that any notice to an Underwriter pursuant to
Section 7 will be mailed, delivered or telegraphed and confirmed to such
Underwriter.
11. Successors. This Agreement will inure to the benefit of and be binding
upon the parties hereto and their respective successors and the officers and
directors and controlling persons referred to in Section 7, and no other
person will have any right or obligation hereunder.
12. Representation of Underwriters. The Representatives will act for the
several Underwriters in connection with this financing, and any action under
this Agreement taken by the Representatives jointly or by CSFBC will be binding
upon all the Underwriters.
13. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of
counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all such
counterparts shall together constitute one and the same Agreement.
14. Applicable Law. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in
accordance with, the laws of the State of New York, without regard to principles
of conflicts of laws.
The Company hereby submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the Federal
and state courts in the Borough of Manhattan in The City of New York in any suit
or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions
contemplated hereby.
-17-
If the foregoing is in accordance with the Representatives' understanding
of our agreement, kindly sign and return to the Company one of the counterparts
hereof, whereupon it will become a binding agreement between the Company and the
several Underwriters in accordance with its terms.
Very truly yours,
Clarent Corporation
By..........................
[Insert title]
The foregoing Underwriting Agreement is hereby
confirmed and accepted as of the date first above
written.
Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation
BancBoston ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Inc.
▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Partners LLC
U.S. Bancorp ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Inc.
Acting on behalf of themselves and as
the Representatives of the several
Underwriters
By Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation
By......................................
[Insert title]
-18-
SCHEDULE A
Number of
Underwriter Firm Securities
----------- ---------------
Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation
BancBoston ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Inc.
▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Partners LLC
U.S. Bancorp ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Inc.
-----------------
Total
=================