Exhibit 4.8
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EAGLE BULK SHIPPING INC.
SUBORDINATED INDENTURE
Dated as of ______, 20__
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[Name of Trustee]
Trustee
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ARTICLE I : DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
Section 1.1 Definitions
Section 1.2. Other Definitions
Section 1.3. Incorporation by Reference of
Trust Indenture Act
Section 1.4. Rules of Construction
ARTICLE II. THE SECURITIES
Section 2.1. Issuable in Series
Section 2.2. Establishment of Terms of Series
of Securities
Section 2.3. Execution and Authentication
Section 2.4. Registrar and Paying Agent
Section 2.5. Paying Agent to Hold money in Trust
Section 2.6. Securityholder Lists
Section 2.7. Transfer and Exchange
Section 2.8 Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen
Securities
Section 2.9 Outstanding Securities
Section 2.10 Treasury Securities
Section 2.11 Temporary Securities
Section 2.12 Cancellation
Section 2.13 Defaulted Interest
Section 2.14 Global Securities
Section 2.15 CUSIP Numbers
ARTICLE III. REDEMPTION
Section 3.1 Notice to Trustee
Section 3.2 Selection of Securities to be Redeemed
Section 3.3 Notice of Redemption
Section 3.4 Effect of Notice of Redemption
Section 3.5 Deposit of Redemption Price
Section 3.6 Securities Redeemed in Part
ARTICLE IV. COVENANTS
Section 4.1. Payment of Principal and Interest
Section 4.2. SEC Reports
Section 4.3. Compliance Certificate
Section 4.4. Stay, Extension and Usury Laws
Section 4.5. Corporate Existence
Section 4.6. Taxes
ARTICLE V. SUCCESSORS
Section 5.1. When Company May Merge, Etc
Section 5.2. Successor Corporation Substituted
ARTICLE VI. DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES
Section 6.1. Events of Default
Section 6.2. Acceleration of maturity; Rescission and
Annulment
Section 6.3. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for
Enforcement by Trustee
Section 6.4. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim
Section 6.5. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession
of Securities
Section 6.6. Application of money Collected
Section 6.7. Limitation on Suits
Section 6.8. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive
Principal and Interest
Section 6.9. Restoration of Rights and Remedies
Section 6.10. Rights and Remedies Cumulative
Section 6.11. Delay or Omission Not Waiver
Section 6.12. Control by Holders
Section 6.13. Waiver of Past Defaults
Section 6.14. Undertaking for Costs
ARTICLE VII. TRUSTEE
Section 7.1. Duties of Trustee
Section 7.2. Rights of Trustee
Section 7.3. Individual Rights of Trustee
Section 7.4. Trustee's Disclaimer
Section 7.5. Notice of Defaults
Section 7.6. Reports by Trustee to Holders
Section 7.7. Compensation and Indemnity
Section 7.8. Replacement of Trustee
Section 7.9. Successor Trustee by Merger, etc.
Section 7.10. Eligibility; Disqualification
Section 7.11. Preferential Collection of Claims
Against Company
ARTICLE VIII. SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE
Section 8.1 Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture
Section 8.2 Application of Trust Funds; Indemnification
Section 8.3 Legal Defeasance of Securities of any Series
Section 8.4 Covenant Defeasance
Section 8.5 Repayment to Company
ARTICLE IX. AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS
Section 9.1. Without Consent of Holders
Section 9.2. With Consent of Holders
Section 9.3. Limitations
Section 9.4. Compliance with Trust Indenture Act
Section 9.5. Revocation and Effect of Consents
Section 9.6. Notation on or Exchange of Securities
Section 9.7. Trustee Protected
ARTICLE X. MISCELLANEOUS
Section 10.1. Trust Indenture Act Controls
Section 10.2. Notices
Section 10.3. Communication by Holders with Other
Holders
Section 10.4. Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions
Precedent
Section 10.5. Statements Required in Certificate
or Opinion
Section 10.6. Rules by Trustee and Agents
Section 10.7. Legal Holidays
Section 10.8. No Recourse Against Others
Section 10.9. Counterparts
Section 10.10. Governing Laws
Section 10.11. No Adverse Interpretation of
Other Agreements
Section 10.12. Successors
Section 10.13. Severability
Section 10.14. Table of Contents, Headings, Etc
Section 10.15. Securities in a Foreign Currency or
in ECU
Section 10.16. Judgment Currency
ARTICLE XI. SINKING FUNDS
Section 11.1. Applicability of Article
Section 11.2. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund
Payments with Securities
Section 11.3. Redemption of Securities for Sinking
Fund
Reconciliation and tie between Trust Indenture Act of 1939
and Indenture, dated as of _______, 20__
Section 310(a)(1) 7.10
(a)(2) 7.10
(a)(3) Not Applicable
(a)(4) Not Applicable
(a)(5) 7.10
(b) 7.10
Section 311(a) 7.11
(b) 7.11
(c) Not Applicable
Section 312(a) 2.6
(b) 10.3
(c) 10.3
Section 313(a) 7.6
(b)(1) 7.6
(b)(2) 7.6
(c)(1) 7.6
(d) 7.6
Section 314(a) 4.2, 10.5
(b) Not Applicable
(c)(1) 10.4
(c)(2) 10.4
(c)(3) Not Applicable
(d) Not Applicable
(e) 10.5
(f) Not Applicable
Section 315(a) 7.1
(b) 7.5
(c) 7.1
(d) 7.1
(e) 6.14
Section 316(a) 2.10
(a)(1)(A) (a)(1)(B) 6.12 (b) 6.13
Section 317(a)(1) 6.8
(a)(2) 6.4
(b) 2.5
Section 318(a) 10.1
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Note: This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be
part of the Indenture.
Indenture dated as of _________, 20__ between Eagle Bulk Shipping Inc., a
company organized under the laws of the ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Islands (the "Company") and
[Name of Trustee], a __________________ (the "Trustee").
Each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other party and for the
equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities issued under this
Indenture.
ARTICLE I.
DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
Section 1.1. Definitions.
"Additional Amounts" means any additional amounts which are required
hereby or by any Security, under circumstances specified herein or therein, to
be paid by the Company in respect of certain taxes imposed on Holders specified
therein and which are owing to such Holders.
"Affiliate" of any specified person means any other person directly or
indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common
control with such specified person. For the purposes of this definition,
"control" (including, with correlative meanings, the terms "controlled by" and
"under common control with"), as used with respect to any person, shall mean the
possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the
direction of the management or policies of such person, whether through the
ownership of voting securities or by agreement or otherwise.
"Agent" means any Registrar, Paying Agent or Service Agent.
"Authorized Newspaper" means a newspaper in an official language of
the country of publication customarily published at least once a day for at
least five days in each calendar week and of general circulation in the place in
connection with which the term is used. If it shall be impractical in the
opinion of the Trustee to make any publication of any notice required hereby in
an Authorized Newspaper, any publication or other notice in lieu thereof that is
made or given by the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient publication of such
notice.
"Bearer" means anyone in possession from time to time of a Bearer
Security.
"Bearer Security" means any Security, including any interest coupon
appertaining thereto, that does not provide for the identification of the Holder
thereof.
"Board of Directors" means the Board of Directors of the Company or
any duly authorized committee thereof.
"Board Resolution" means a copy of a resolution certified by the
Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been adopted by the
Board of Directors or pursuant to authorization by the Board of Directors and to
be in full force and effect on the date of the certificate and delivered to the
Trustee.
"Business Day" means a day (other than Saturday or Sunday) on which
the Depository and banks in the City of New York, and banks in the city in which
the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee is located, is open for business.
"Certificated Securities" means Securities in the form of physical,
certificated Securities in registered form.
"Company" means the party named as such above until a successor
replaces it and thereafter means the successor.
"Company Order" means a written order signed in the name of the
Company by two Officers, one of whom must be the Company's principal executive
officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer.
"Company Request" means a written request signed in the name of the
Company by its Chairman of the Board, a President or a Vice President, and by
its Chief Financial Officer, its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and
delivered to the Trustee.
"Corporate Trust Office" means the office of the Trustee at which at
any particular time its corporate trust business shall be principally
administered.
"Debt" of any person as of any date means, without duplication, all
indebtedness of such person in respect of borrowed money, including all
interest, fees and expenses owed in respect thereto (whether or not the recourse
of the lender is to the whole of the assets of such person or only to a portion
thereof), or evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments.
"Default" means any event which is, or after notice or passage of time
would be, an Event of Default.
"Depository" means, with respect to the Securities of any Series
issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global
Securities, the person designated as Depository for such Series by the Company,
which Depository shall be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act;
and if at any time there is more than one such person, "Depository" as used with
respect to the Securities of any Series shall mean the Depository with respect
to the Securities of such Series.
"Discount Security" means any Security that provides for an amount
less than the stated principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon
declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.2.
"Dollars" means the currency of The United States of America.
"ECU" means the European Currency Unit as determined by the Commission
of the European Union.
"Event of Default" see Section 6.1.
"Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
"Foreign Currency" means any currency or currency unit issued by a
government other than the government of The United States of America.
"Foreign Government obligations" means with respect to Securities of
any Series that are denominated in a Foreign Currency, (i) direct obligations of
the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency for the payment
of which obligations its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of
a person controlled or supervised by or acting as an agency or instrumentality
of such government the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as
a full faith and credit obligation by such government, which, in either case
under clauses (i) or (ii), are not callable or redeemable at the option of the
issuer thereof.
"Global Security" or "Global Securities" means a Security or
Securities, as the case may be, in the form established pursuant to Section 2.2
evidencing all or part of a Series of Securities, issued to the Depository for
such Series or its nominee, and registered in the name of such Depository or
nominee.
"Holder" or "Securityholder" means a person in whose name a Security
is registered or the holder of a Bearer Security.
"Indenture" means this Indenture as amended from time to time and
shall include the form and terms of particular Series of Securities established
as contemplated hereunder.
"Interest" with respect to any Discount Security which by its terms
bears interest only after Maturity, means interest payable after Maturity.
"Maturity," when used with respect to any Security or installment of
principal thereof, means the date on which the principal of such Security or
such installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein
provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call
for redemption, notice of option to elect repayment or otherwise.
"Officer" means the Chairman of the Board, the President, any
Vice-President, the Treasurer, the Secretary, any Assistant Treasurer or any
Assistant Secretary of the Company.
"Officers' Certificate" means a certificate signed by two Officers,
one of whom must be the Company's principal executive officer, principal
financial officer or principal accounting officer.
"Opinion of Counsel" means a written opinion of legal counsel who is
reasonably acceptable to the Trustee. Such legal counsel may be an employee of
or counsel to the Company.
"Participants" means those Persons designated as participants by the
Depositary.
"Person" means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint
venture, association, limited liability company, joint-stock company, trust,
unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision
thereof.
"Principal" of a Security means the principal of the Security plus,
when appropriate, the premium, if any, on, and any Additional Amounts in respect
of, the Security.
"Responsible Officer" means any officer of the Trustee in its
Corporate Trust office and also means, with respect to a particular corporate
trust matter, any other officer to whom any corporate trust matter is referred
because of his or her knowledge of and familiarity with a particular subject.
"SEC" means the Securities and Exchange Commission.
"Security" or "Securities" means the debentures, notes or other debt
instruments of the Company of any Series authenticated and delivered under this
Indenture.
"Series" or "Series of Securities" means each series of debentures,
notes or other debt instruments of the Company created pursuant to Sections 2.1
and 2.2 hereof.
"Significant Subsidiary" means (i) any direct or indirect Subsidiary
of the Company that would be a "significant subsidiary" as defined in Article 1,
Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X, promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended, as such regulation is in effect on the date hereof, or (ii) any
group of direct or indirect Subsidiaries of the Company that, taken together as
a group, would be a "significant subsidiary" as defined in Article 1, Rule 1-02
of Regulation S-X, promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, as such regulation is in effect on the date hereof.
"Stated Maturity" when used with respect to any Security or any
installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified
in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or
such installment of principal or interest is due and payable.
"Subordinated Indebtedness" means any indebtedness which is expressly
subordinated to the indebtedness evidenced by Securities.
"Subsidiary" of any specified person means any corporation of which at
least a majority of the outstanding stock having by the terms thereof ordinary
voting power for the election of directors of such corporation (irrespective of
whether or not at the time stock of any other class or classes of such
corporation shall have or might have voting power by reason of the happening of
any contingency) is at the time directly or indirectly owned by such person, or
by one or more other Subsidiaries, or by such person and one or more other
Subsidiaries.
"TIA" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S. Code Sections
77aaa-77bbbb) as in effect on the date of this Indenture; provided, however,
that in the event the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is amended after such date,
"TIA" means, to the extent required by any such amendment, the Trust Indenture
Act as so amended.
"Trustee" means the person named as the "Trustee" in the first
paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become such
pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter
"Trustee" shall mean or include each person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and
if at any time there is more than one such person, "Trustee" as used with
respect to the Securities of any Series shall mean the Trustee with respect to
Securities of that Series.
"U.S. Government Obligations" means securities which are (i) direct
obligations of The United States of America for the payment of which its full
faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of a person controlled or
supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of The United States of
America the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and
credit obligation by The United States of America, and which in the case of (i)
and (ii) are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and
shall also include a depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as
custodian with respect to any such U.S. Government Obligation or a specific
payment of interest on or principal of any such U.S. Government Obligation held
by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depository receipt,
provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to
make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository
receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the U.S.
Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt.
"Vessels" means the shipping vessels owned by and registered (or to be
owned by and registered) in the name of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
or operated by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to a lease or
other operating agreement constituting a capital lease obligation, in each case
together with all related equipment and any additions or improvements.
"Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary" means a Restricted Subsidiary all
of the Equity Interests of which (other than Equity Interests constituting
directors' qualifying shares or shares required to be held by foreign nations,
in each case to the extent mandated by applicable law) is owned by the Company
or one or more Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiaries or by the Company and one or
more Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiaries.
Section 1.2. Other Definitions.
DEFINED IN
TERM SECTION
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"Bankruptcy Law" 6.1
"Custodian" 6.1
"Event of Default" 6.1
"Journal" 10.15
"Judgment Currency" 10.16
"Legal Holiday" 10.7
"mandatory sinking fund payment" 11.1
"Market Exchange Rate" 10.15
"New York Banking Day" 10.16
"optional sinking fund payment" 11.1
"Paying Agent" 2.4
"Registrar" 2.4
"Required Currency" 10.16
"Service Agent" 2.4
"successor person" 5.1
Section 1.3. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act.
Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the
provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. The
following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings:
"Commission" means the SEC.
"indenture securities" means the Securities.
"indenture security holder" means a Securityholder.
"indenture to be qualified" means this Indenture.
"indenture trustee" or "institutional trustee" means the Trustee.
"obligor" on the indenture securities means the Company and any
successor obligor upon the Securities.
All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA,
defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule under the TIA
and not otherwise defined herein are used herein as so defined.
Section 1.4. Rules of Construction.
Unless the context otherwise requires:
(a) a term has the meaning assigned to it;
(b) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned
to it in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) references to "generally accepted accounting principles" shall
mean generally accepted accounting principles in effect as of the time when and
for the period as to which such accounting principles are to be applied;
(d) "or" is not exclusive;
(e) words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural
include the singular; and
(f) provisions apply to successive events and transactions.
ARTICLE II.
THE SECURITIES
Section 2.1. Issuable in Series.
The aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be authenticated
and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be issued in
one or more Series. All Securities of a Series shall be identical except as may
be set forth in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers'
Certificate detailing the adoption of the terms thereof pursuant to the
authority granted under a Board Resolution. In the case of Securities of a
Series to be issued from time to time, the Board Resolution, Officers'
Certificate or supplemental indenture may provide for the method by which
specified terms (such as interest rate, maturity date, record date or date from
which interest shall accrue) are to be determined. Securities may differ between
Series in respect of any matters, provided that all Series of Securities shall
be equally and ratably entitled to the benefits of the Indenture.
Section 2.2. Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities.
At or prior to the issuance of any Securities within a Series, the
following shall be established (as to the Series generally, in the case of
Subsection 2.2.1 and either as to such Securities within the Series or as to the
Series generally in the case of Subsections 2.2.2 through 2.2.20) by a Board
Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers' Certificate pursuant to
authority granted under a Board Resolution:
2.2.1 the title, designation, aggregate principal amount and
authorized denominations of the Securities of the Series;
2.2.2 the price or prices, (expressed as a percentage of the aggregate
principal amount thereof) at which the Securities of the Series will be issued;
2.2.3 the date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of
the Series is payable;
2.2.4 the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) per annum or,
if applicable, the method used to determine such rate or rates (including, but
not limited to, any commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or
financial index) at which the Securities of the Series shall bear interest, if
any, the date or dates from which such interest, if any, shall commence and be
payable and any regular record date for the interest payable on any interest
payment date;
2.2.5 any optional or mandatory sinking fund provisions or conversion
or exchangeability provisions upon which Securities of the Series shall be
redeemed or purchased;
2.2.6 the date, if any, after which and the price or prices at which
the Securities of the Series may be optionally redeemed or must be mandatorily
redeemed and any other terms and provisions of optional or mandatory provisions;
2.2.7 if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple
thereof, the denominations in which the Securities of the Series shall be
issuable;
2.2.8 if other than the full principal amount, the portion of the
principal amount of the Securities of the Series that shall be payable upon
declaration of acceleration pursuant to Section 6.2 or provable in bankruptcy;
2.2.9 any addition to or change in the Events of Default which applies
to any Securities of the Series and any change in the right of the Trustee or
the requisite Holders of such Securities to declare the principal amount thereof
due and payable pursuant to Section 6.2;
2.2.10 the currency or currencies, including composite currencies, in
which payments of principal of, premium or interest, if any, on the Securities
of the Series will be payable, if other than the currency of the United States
of America;
2.2.11 if payments of principal of, premium or interest, if any, on
the Securities of the Series will be payable, at the Company's election or at
the election of any Holder, in a currency other than that in which the
Securities of the Series are stated to be payable, the period or periods within
which, and the terms and conditions upon which, the election may be made;
2.2.12 if payments of interest, if any, on the Securities of the
Series will be payable, at the Company's election or at the election of any
Holder, in cash or additional securities, and the terms and conditions upon
which the election may be made;
2.2.13 if denominated in a currency or currencies other than the
currency of the United States of America, the equivalent price of the Securities
of the Series in the currency of the United States of America for purposes of
determining the voting rights of Holders of the Securities of the Series;
2.2.14 if the amount of payments of principal, premium or interest may
be determined with reference to an index, formula or other method based on a
coin or currency other than that in which the Securities of the Series are
stated to be payable, the manner in which the amounts will be determined;
2.2.15 any restrictive covenants or other material terms relating to
the Securities of the Series, which may not be inconsistent with the Indenture;
2.2.16 whether the Securities of the Series will be issued in the form
of global securities or certificates in registered or bearer form;
2.2.17 any terms with respect to subordination;
2.2.18 any listing on any securities exchange or quotation system;
2.2.19 additional provisions, if any, related to defeasance and
discharge of the offered debt securities; and
2.2.20 the applicability of any guarantees.
All Securities of any one Series need not be issued at the same time
and may be issued from time to time, consistent with the terms of this
Indenture, if so provided by or pursuant to the Board Resolution, supplemental
indenture or Officers' Certificate referred to above, and the authorized
principal amount of any Series may not be increased to provide for issuance of
additional Securities of such Series, unless otherwise provided in such Board
Resolution, supplemental Indenture or Officers' Certificate.
Section 2.3. Execution and Authentication.
Two Officers shall sign the Securities for the Company by manual or
facsimile signature.
If an Officer whose signature is on a Security no longer holds that
office at the time the Security is authenticated, the Security shall
nevertheless be valid.
A Security shall not be valid until authenticated by the manual
signature of the Trustee or an authenticating agent. The signature shall be
conclusive evidence that the Security has been authenticated under this
Indenture.
The Trustee shall at any time, and from time to time, authenticate
Securities for original issue in the principal amount provided in the Board
Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers' Certificate, upon receipt
by the Trustee of a Company Order. Such Company Order may authorize
authentication and delivery pursuant to oral or electronic instructions from the
Company or its duly authorized agent or agents, which oral instructions shall be
promptly confirmed in writing. Each Security shall be dated the date of its
authentication unless otherwise provided by a Board Resolution, a supplemental
indenture hereto or an Officers' Certificate.
The aggregate principal amount of Securities of any Series outstanding
at any time may not exceed any limit upon the maximum principal amount for such
Series set forth in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or
Officers' Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.2, except as provided in
Section 2.8.
Prior to the issuance of Securities of any Series, the Trustee shall
have received and (subject to Section 7.2) shall be fully protected in relying
on: (a) the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers,
Certificate establishing the form of the Securities of that Series or of
Securities within that Series and the terms of the Securities of that Series or
of Securities within that Series, (b) an Officers' Certificate complying with
Section 10.4, and (c) an Opinion of Counsel complying with Section 10.4.
The Trustee shall have the right to decline to authenticate and
deliver any Securities of such Series: (a) if the Trustee, being advised by
counsel, determines that such action may not lawfully be taken; or (b) if the
Trustee in good faith by its board of directors or trustees, executive committee
or a trust committee of directors and/or vice-presidents shall determine that
such action would expose the Trustee to personal liability to Holders of any
then outstanding Series of Securities.
The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent acceptable to the
Company to authenticate Securities. An authenticating agent may authenticate
Securities whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to
authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent. An
authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with the Company or
an Affiliate.
Section 2.4. Registrar and Paying Agent.
The Company shall maintain, with respect to each Series of Securities,
at the place or places specified with respect to such Series pursuant to Section
2.2, an office or agency where Securities of such Series may be presented or
surrendered for payment ("Paying Agent"), where Securities of such Series may be
surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange ("Registrar") and where
notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of such
Series and this Indenture may be served ("Service Agent"). The Registrar shall
keep a register with respect to each Series of Securities and to their transfer
and exchange. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the
name and address, and any change in the name or address, of each Registrar,
Paying Agent or Service Agent. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain
any such required Registrar, Paying Agent or Service Agent or shall fail to
furnish the Trustee with the name and address thereof, such presentations,
surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust
Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent
to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands.
The Company may also from time to time designate one or more
co-registrars, additional paying agents or additional service agents and may
from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such
designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its
obligations to maintain a Registrar, Paying Agent and Service Agent in each
place so specified pursuant to Section 2.2 for Securities of any Series for such
purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such
designation or rescission and of any change in the name or address of any such
co-registrar, additional paying agent or additional service agent. The term
"Registrar" includes any co-registrar; the term "Paying Agent" includes any
additional paying agent; and the term "Service Agent" includes any additional
service agent.
The Company hereby appoints the Trustee the initial Registrar, Paying
Agent and Service Agent for each Series unless another Registrar, Paying Agent
or Service Agent, as the case may be, is appointed prior to the time Securities
of that Series are first issued.
Section 2.5. Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.
The Company shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to
agree in writing that the Paying Agent will hold in trust, for the benefit of
Securityholders of any Series of Securities, or the Trustee, all money held by
the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of or interest on the Series of
Securities, and will notify the Trustee of any default by the Company in making
any such payment. While any such default continues, the Trustee may require a
Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. The Company at any time
may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. Upon
payment over to the Trustee, the Paying Agent (if other than the Company or a
Subsidiary) shall have no further liability for the money. If the Company or a
Subsidiary acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate and hold in a separate trust
fund for the benefit of Securityholders of any Series of Securities all money
held by it as Paying Agent.
Section 2.6. Securityholder Lists.
The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably
practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of
Securityholders of each Series of Securities and shall otherwise comply with TTA
Section 312(a). If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Company shall furnish
to the Trustee at least ten days before each interest payment date and at such
other times as the Trustee may request in writing a list, in such form and as of
such date as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of
Securityholders of each Series of Securities.
Section 2.7. Transfer and Exchange.
Where Securities of a Series are presented to the Registrar or a
co-registrar with a request to register a transfer or to exchange them for an
equal principal amount of Securities of the same Series, the Registrar shall
register the transfer or make the exchange if its requirements for such
transactions are met. To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the
Trustee shall authenticate Securities at the Registrar's request. No service
charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange (except as
otherwise expressly permitted herein), but the Company may require payment of a
sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable
in connection therewith (other than any such transfer tax or similar
governmental charge payable upon exchanges pursuant to Sections 2.11, 3.6 or
9.6).
Neither the Company nor the Registrar shall be required (a) to issue,
register the transfer of, or exchange Securities of any Series for the period
beginning at the opening of business fifteen days immediately preceding the
mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of that Series selected for
redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or
(b) to register the transfer of or exchange Securities of any Series selected,
called or being called for redemption as a whole or the portion being redeemed
of any such Securities selected, called or being called for redemption in part.
Section 2.8. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities.
If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee, the Company
shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange
therefor a new Security of the same Series and of like tenor and principal
amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.
If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Trustee (i)
evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security
and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of
them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to
the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide
purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon its request the Trustee shall
authenticate and make available for delivery, in lieu of any such destroyed,
lost or stolen Security, a new Security of the same Series and of like tenor and
principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.
In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has
become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may,
instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security.
Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company
may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other
governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other
expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.
Every new Security of any series issued pursuant to this Section in
lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original
additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed,
lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be
entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with
any and all other Securities of that Series duly issued hereunder.
The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to
the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement
or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities.
Section 2.9. Outstanding Securities.
The Securities outstanding at any time are all the Securities
authenticated by the Trustee except for those canceled by it, those delivered to
it for cancellation, those reductions in the interest on a Global Security
effected by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions hereof and those
described in this Section as not outstanding.
If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.8, it ceases to be
outstanding until the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the
replaced Security is held by a bona fide purchaser.
If the Paying Agent (other than the Company, a Subsidiary or an
Affiliate of any thereof) holds on the Maturity of Securities of a Series money
sufficient to pay such Securities payable on that date, then on and after that
date such Securities of the Series cease to be outstanding and interest on them
ceases to accrue.
A Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Company or an
Affiliate holds the Security.
In determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount
of outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, the principal amount of a
Discount Security that shall be deemed to be outstanding for such purposes shall
be the amount of the principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the
date of such determination upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity
thereof pursuant to Section 6.2.
Section 2.10. Treasury Securities.
In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of
Securities of a Series have concurred in any request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent or waiver Securities of a Series owned by the Company
or an Affiliate shall be disregarded, except that for the purposes of
determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such
request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver only
Securities of a Series that the Trustee knows are so owned shall be so
disregarded.
Section 2.11. Temporary Securities.
Until definitive Securities are ready for delivery, the Company may
prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary securities upon a Company
Order. Temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of definitive
Securities but may have variations that the Company considers appropriate for
temporary Securities. without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and
the Trustee upon request shall authenticate definitive Securities of the same
Series and date of maturity in exchange for temporary Securities. Until so
exchanged, temporary securities shall have the same rights under this Indenture
as the definitive Securities.
Section 2.12. Cancellation.
The Company at any time may deliver Securities to the Trustee for
cancellation. The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee
any Securities surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange or
payment. The Trustee shall cancel all Securities surrendered for transfer,
exchange, payment, replacement or cancellation and shall destroy such canceled
Securities (subject to the record retention requirement of the Exchange Act) and
deliver a certificate of such destruction to the Company, unless the Company
otherwise directs. The Company may not issue new Securities to replace
Securities that it has paid or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.
Section 2.13. Defaulted Interest.
If the Company defaults in a payment of interest on a Series of
Securities, it shall pay the defaulted interest, plus, to the extent permitted
by law, any interest payable on the defaulted interest, to the persons who are
Securityholders of the Series on a subsequent special record date. The Company
shall fix the record date and payment date. At least 30 days before the record
date, the Company shall mail to the Trustee and to each Securityholder of the
Series a notice that states the record date, the payment date and the amount of
interest to be paid. The Company may pay defaulted interest in any other lawful
manner.
Section 2.14. Global Securities.
2.14.1. Terms of Securities. A Board Resolution, a supplemental
indenture hereto or an officers' Certificate shall establish whether the
Securities of a Series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or
more Global Securities and the Depository for such Global Security or
Securities.
2.14.2. Transfer and Exchange. Notwithstanding any provisions to the
contrary contained in Section 2.7 of the Indenture and in addition thereto, any
Global Security shall be exchangeable pursuant to Section 2.7 of the Indenture
for Securities registered in the names of Holders other than the Depository for
such Security or its nominee only if (i) such Depository notifies the Company
that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depository for such Global
Security or if at any time such Depository ceases to be a clearing agency
registered under the Exchange Act, and, in either case, the Company fails to
appoint a successor Depository within 90 days of such event, (ii) the Company
executes and delivers to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate to the effect that
such Global Security shall be so exchangeable or (iii) an Event of Default with
respect to the Securities represented by such Global Security shall have
happened and be continuing. Any Global Security that is exchangeable pursuant to
the preceding sentence shall be exchangeable for Securities registered in such
names as the Depository shall direct in writing in an aggregate principal amount
equal to the principal amount of the Global Security with like tenor and terms.
Except as provided in this Section 2.14.2, a Global Security may not
be transferred except as a whole by the Depository with respect to such Global
Security to a nominee of such Depository, by a nominee of such Depository to
such Depository or another nominee of such Depository or by the Depository or
any such nominee to a successor Depository or a nominee of such a successor
Depository.
2.14.3. Legend. Any Global Security issued hereunder shall bear a
legend in substantially the following form:
"This Security is a Global Security within the meaning of the
Indenture hereinafter referred to and is registered in the name of the
Depository or a nominee of the Depository. This Security is exchangeable for
Securities registered in the name of a person other than the Depository or its
nominee only in the limited circumstances described in the Indenture, and may
not be transferred except as a whole by the Depository to a nominee of the
Depository, by a nominee of the Depository to the Depository or another nominee
of the Depository or by the Depository or any such nominee to a successor
Depository or a nominee of such a successor Depository."
2.14.4. Acts of Holders. The Depository, as a Holder, may appoint
agents and otherwise authorize participants to give or take any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action which a Holder
is entitled to give or take under the Indenture.
2.14.5. Payments. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this
Indenture, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.2, payment of
the principal of and interest, if any, on any Global Security shall be made to
the Holder thereof at their registered office.
2.14.6. Consents, Declaration and Directions. Except as provided in
Section 2.14.5, the Company, the Trustee and any Agent shall treat a person as
the Holder of such principal amount of outstanding Securities of such Series
represented by a Global Security as shall be specified in a written statement of
the Depositary with respect to such Global Security, for purposes of obtaining
any consents, declarations, waivers or directions required to be given by the
Holders pursuant to this Indenture.
Section 2.15. CUSIP Numbers.
The Company in issuing the Securities may use "CUSIP" numbers (if then
generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use "CUSIP" numbers in notices
of redemption as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such notice may
state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers
either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a
redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other elements of
identification printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be
affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers.
ARTICLE III.
REDEMPTION
Section 3.1. Notice to Trustee.
The Company may, with respect to any series of Securities, reserve the
right to redeem and pay the Series of Securities or may covenant to redeem and
pay the Series of Securities or any part thereof prior to the Stated Maturity
thereof at such time and on such terms as provided for in such Securities. If a
Series of Securities is redeemable and the Company wants or is obligated to
redeem prior to the Stated Maturity thereof all or part of the Series of
Securities pursuant to the terms of such Securities, it shall notify the Trustee
of the redemption date and the principal amount of Series of Securities to be
redeemed. The Company shall give the notice at least 45 days before the
redemption date (or such shorter notice as may be acceptable to the Trustee).
Section 3.2. Selection of Securities to be Redeemed.
Unless otherwise indicated for a particular Series by a Board
Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers' Certificate, if less than
all the Securities of a Series are to be redeemed, the Trustee shall select the
Securities of the Series to be redeemed in any manner that the Trustee deems
fair and appropriate. The Trustee shall make the selection from Securities of
the Series outstanding not previously called for redemption. The Trustee may
select for redemption portions of the principal of Securities of the Series that
have denominations larger than $1,000. Securities of the Series and portions of
them it selects shall be in amounts of $1,000 or whole multiples of $1,000 or,
with respect to Securities of any Series issuable in other denominations
pursuant to Section 2.2.7, the minimum principal denomination for each Series
and integral multiples thereof. Provisions of this Indenture that apply to
Securities of a Series called for redemption also apply to portions of
Securities of that Series called for redemption.
Section 3.3. Notice of Redemption.
Unless otherwise indicated for a particular Series by Board
Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an officers' Certificate, at
least 30 days but not more than 60 days before a redemption date, the Company
shall mail a notice of redemption by first-class mail to each Holder whose
Securities are to be redeemed and if any Bearer Securities are outstanding,
publish on one occasion a notice in an Authorized Newspaper.
The notice shall identify the Securities of the Series to be redeemed
and shall state:
(a) the redemption date;
(b) the redemption price;
(c) the name and address of the Paying Agent;
(d) that Securities of the Series called for redemption must be
surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the redemption price;
(e) that interest on Securities of the Series called for redemption
ceases to accrue on and after the redemption date; and
(f) any other information as may be required by the terms of the
particular Series or the Securities of a Series being redeemed.
At the Company's request, the Trustee shall give the notice of
redemption in the Company's name and at its expense.
Section 3.4. Effect of Notice of Redemption.
Once notice of redemption is mailed or published as provided in
Section 3.3, Securities of a Series called for redemption become due and payable
on the redemption date and at the redemption price. A notice of redemption may
not be conditional. Upon surrender to the Paying Agent, such Securities shall be
paid at the redemption price plus accrued interest to the redemption date.
Section 3.5. Deposit of Redemption Price.
On or before the redemption date, the Company shall deposit with the
Paying Agent money sufficient to pay the redemption price of and accrued
interest, if any, on all Securities to be redeemed on that date.
Section 3.6. Securities Redeemed in Part.
Upon surrender of a Security that is redeemed in part, the Trustee
shall authenticate for the Holder a new Security of the same Series and the same
maturity equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Security
surrendered.
ARTICLE IV.
COVENANTS
Section 4.1. Payment of Principal and Interest.
The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of the Holders of
each Series of Securities that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of
and interest, if any, on the Securities of that Series in accordance with the
terms of such Securities and this Indenture.
Section 4.2. SEC Reports.
The Company shall deliver to the Trustee within 15 days after it files
them with the SEC copies of the annual reports and of the information,
documents, and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing
as the SEC may by rules and regulations prescribe) which the Company is required
to file with the SEC pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. The
Company also shall comply with the other provisions of TIA Section 314(a).
Section 4.3. Compliance Certificate.
The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 90 days after the end
of each fiscal year of the Company, an officers certificate signed by two of the
Company's officers stating that a review of the activities of the Company and
its Subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal year has been made under the
supervision of the signing Officers with a view to determining whether the
Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled its obligations under this
Indenture, and further stating, as to each such Officer signing such
certificate, that to the best of his knowledge the Company has kept, observed,
performed and fulfilled each and every covenant contained in this Indenture and
is not in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms,
provisions and conditions hereof (or, if a Default or Event of Default shall
have occurred, describing all such Defaults or Events of Default of which he may
have knowledge).
The Company will, so long as any of the Securities are outstanding,
deliver to the Trustee, forthwith upon becoming aware of any Default or Event of
Default, an Officers' Certificate specifying such Default or Event of Default
and what action the Company is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.
Section 4.4. Stay, Extension and Usury Laws.
The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that
it will not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or
take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law wherever
enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants
or the performance of this Indenture or the Securities; and the Company (to the
extent it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage
of any such law and covenants that it will not, by resort to any such law,
hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the
Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though
no such law has been enacted.
Section 4.5. Corporate Existence.
Subject to Article V, the Company will do or cause to be done all
things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate
existence and the corporate, partnership or other existence of each Significant
Subsidiary in accordance with the respective organizational documents of each
Significant Subsidiary and the rights (charter and statutory), licenses and
franchises of the Company and its Significant Subsidiaries; provided, however,
that the Company shall not be required to preserve any such right, license or
franchise, or the corporate, partnership or other existence of any Significant
Subsidiary, if the Board of Directors shall determine that the preservation
thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company and
its Subsidiaries taken as a whole and that the loss thereof is not adverse in
any material respect to the Holders.
Section 4.6. Taxes.
The company shall, and shall cause each of its Significant
Subsidiaries to, pay prior to delinquency all taxes, assessments and
governmental levies, except as contested in good faith and by appropriate
proceedings.
ARTICLE V.
SUCCESSORS
Section 5.1. When Company May Merge, Etc.
The Company shall not consolidate with or merge into any other person
in a transaction in which we are not the surviving entity, or convey, transfer
or lease all or substantially all of its properties and assets to any person (a
"successor person"), unless:
(a) the successor person (if any) is a corporation, partnership, trust
or other entity organized and validly existing under the laws of the ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
Islands or any U.S. domestic jurisdiction and expressly assumes the Company's
obligations on the Securities and under this Indenture and
(b) immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no Default or
Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing.
The Company shall deliver to the Trustee prior to the consummation of
the proposed transaction an Officers' Certificate to the foregoing effect and an
opinion of Counsel stating that the proposed transaction and such supplemental
indenture comply with this Indenture.
Section 5.2. Successor Corporation Substituted.
Upon any consolidation or merger, or any sale, lease, conveyance or
other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company in
accordance with Section 5.1, the successor corporation formed by such
consolidation or into or with which the Company is merged or to which such sale,
lease, conveyance or other disposition is made shall succeed to, and be
substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under
this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor person has been named
as the Company herein; provided, however, that the predecessor company in the
case of a sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition shall not be released
from the obligation to pay the principal of and interest, if any, on the
Securities.
ARTICLE VI
DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES
Section 6.1. Events of Default.
"Event of Default," wherever used herein with respect to securities of
any Series, means any one of the following events, unless in the establishing
Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers' Certificate, it is
provided that such Series shall not have the benefit of said Event of Default:
(a) default in the payment of any interest on any Security of that
Series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for a
period of 30 days (unless the entire amount of such payment is deposited by the
Company with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent prior to the expiration of such
period of 30 days); or
(b) default in the payment of the principal of any Security of that
Series at its Maturity; or
(c) default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, when and as
due in respect of any Security of that Series; or
(d) default in the performance or breach of any covenant of the
Company in this Indenture, which default continues uncured for a period of 60
days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company
by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25%
in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series a written
notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and
stating that such notice is a "Notice of Default" hereunder; or
(e) a default under any Debt of the Company (including a default with
respect to Securities of any Series other than that Series) or any Subsidiary,
whether such Debt now exists or shall hereafter be created, if (A) such default
results from the failure to pay any such Debt when it becomes due and (B) such
Debt is not discharged or such acceleration is not rescinded or annulled within
30 days after written notice to the Company by the holder or holders of such
Debt in the manner provided for in the applicable debt instrument; provided,
that if the default with respect to such Debt is remedied or cured by the
Company or waived by the holders of such Debt before entry of judgment in favor
of the relevant trustee, then the Event of Default under this Indenture will be
deemed likewise to have been remedied, cured or waived; or
(f) the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy
Law:
(i) commences a voluntary case,
(ii) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in
an involuntary case,
(iii) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all
or substantially all of its property,
(iv) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors,
or
(v) generally is unable to pay its debts as the same become due;
or
(g) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under
any Bankruptcy Law that:
(i) is for relief against the Company or any of its Significant
Subsidiaries in an involuntary case,
(ii) appoints a Custodian of the Company or any of its
Significant Subsidiaries or for all or substantially all of its property, or
(iii) orders the liquidation of the Company or any of its
Significant Subsidiaries,
and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 60 days; or
(h) any other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of
that Series, which is specified in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture
hereto or an Officers' Certificate, in accordance with Section 2.2.18.
No Event of Default with respect to a particular Series of Securities
(except with respect to subsections (f) and (g) above) necessarily constitutes
an Event of Default with respect to any other Series of Securities.
The term "Bankruptcy Law" means title 11, U.S. Code or any similar
Federal or State law for the relief of debtors. The term "Custodian" means any
receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy
Law.
Section 6.2. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.
If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any Series at the
time outstanding occurs and is continuing, then in every such case the Trustee
or the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding
Securities of that Series may declare the principal amount (or, if any
Securities of that Series are Discount Securities, such portion of the principal
amount as may be specified in the terms of such Securities) of and accrued and
unpaid interest, if any, on all of the Securities of that Series to be due and
payable immediately, by a notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee
if given by Holders), and upon any such declaration such principal amount (or
specified amount) and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, shall become
immediately due and payable.
The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the
outstanding Securities of that Series, by written notice to the Trustee, may
rescind any declaration of acceleration of such Securities of that Series and
its consequences if all existing Events of Default (other than the nonpayment of
principal of or interest on such Securities that shall have become due by such
declaration) shall have been cured or waived.
Section 6.3. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by
Trustee.
If an Event of Default with respect to any Securities of any Series
occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect
and enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such
Series by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most
effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific
enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the
exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy.
Section 6.4. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.
In case of the pendency of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation,
bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or other
judicial proceeding relative to the Company or any other obligor upon the
Securities or the property of the Company or of such other obligor or their
creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities
shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or
otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on
the Company for the payment of overdue principal or interest) shall be entitled
and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise,
(a) to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of principal and
interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities and to file such other
papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims
of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and of the
Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding, and
(b) to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or
deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same,
and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or
other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by
each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the
Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to
pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other
amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.7.
Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to
authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of
reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities
or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in
respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.
Section 6.5. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of
Securities.
All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities
may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of
the Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and
any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name
as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after
provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the
ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such
judgment has been recovered.
Section 6.6. Application of Money Collected.
Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be
applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and,
in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal or interest,
upon presentation of the Securities and the notation thereon of the payment if
only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:
and
First: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under Section
7.7;
Second: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for
principal of and interest on the Securities in respect of which or for the
benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or
priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such
Securities for principal and interest, respectively; and
Third: To the Company.
Section 6.7. Limitation on Suits.
No Holder of any Security of any Series shall have any right to
institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture,
or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy
hereunder, unless
(a) such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of
a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that Series;
(b) the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the
outstanding Securities of that Series shall have made written request to the
Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own
name as Trustee hereunder;
(c) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable
indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in
compliance with such request;
(d) the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request
and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and
(e) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given
to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority in
principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series;
it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall have
any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision
of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of
such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any
other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in
the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all such
Holders.
Section 6.8. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal and
Interest.
Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of
any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and Unconditional, to
receive payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on such Security on
the Stated Maturity or Stated Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the
case of redemption, on the redemption date) and to institute suit for the
enforcement of any such payment, and such rights shall not be impaired without
the consent of such Holder.
Section 6.9. Restoration of Rights and Remedies.
If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce
any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been
discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to
the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any
determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders shall
be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and
thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue
as though no such proceeding had been instituted.
Section 6.10. Rights and Remedies Cumulative.
Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or
payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in Section 2.8, no
right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the
Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every
right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in
addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter
existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any
right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent
assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.
Section 6.11. Delay or Omission Not Waiver.
No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Securities
to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair
any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or
an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law
to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as
often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case
may be.
Section 6.12. Control by Holders.
The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding
Securities of any Series shall have the right to direct the time, method and
place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or
exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect to the
Securities of such Series, provided that
(a) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or
with this Indenture,
(b) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper b)o Trustee
which is not inconsistent with such direction, and
(c) subject to the provisions of Section 6.1, the Trustee shall have
the right to decline to follow any such direction if the Trustee in good faith
shall, by a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, determine that the proceeding so
directed would involve the Trustee in personal liability.
Section 6.13. Waiver of Past Defaults.
The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the
outstanding Securities of any Series may on behalf of the Holders of all the
Securities of such Series waive any past Default hereunder with respect to such
Series and its consequences, except a Default in the payment of the principal of
or interest on any Security of such Series (provided, however, that the Holders
of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series
may rescind an acceleration and its consequences, including any related payment
default that resulted from such acceleration). Upon any such waiver, such
Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall
be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such
waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right
consequent thereon.
Section 6.14. Undertaking for Costs.
All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security
by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in
its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy
under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken,
suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such
suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in
its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys' fees,
against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and
good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the
provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the
Company, to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any
Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal
amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series, or to any suit instituted by
any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of or interest on
any Security on or after the Stated Maturity or Stated Maturities expressed in
such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the redemption date).
ARTICLE VII.
TRUSTEE
Section 7.1. Duties of Trustee.
(a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee
shall exercise the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture and use the
same degree of care and skill in their exercise as a prudent man would exercise
or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs.
(b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:
(i) The Trustee need perform only those duties that are
specifically set forth in this Indenture and no others.
(ii) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may
conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the
opinions expressed therein, upon officers' Certificates or Opinions of Counsel
furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture;
however, in the case of any such officers' Certificates or opinions of Counsel
which by any provisions hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the
Trustee, the Trustee shall examine such officers' Certificates and opinions of
Counsel to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this
Indenture.
(c) The Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own its own
willful negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or misconduct, except
that:
(i) This paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (b) of
(ii) The Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment
made in good faith by a Responsible officer, unless it is proved that the
Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts.
(iii) The Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action
taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it with respect to Securities of any
Series in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of a
majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such Series
relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any
remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon
the Trustee, under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such Series.
(d) Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the
Trustee is subject to paragraph (a), (b) and (c) of this Section.
(e) The Trustee may refuse to perform any duty or exercise any right
or power unless it receives indemnity satisfactory to it against any loss,
liability or expense.
(f) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received
by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Company. Money held in
trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the
extent required by law.
(g) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to risk
its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of
any of its duties, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it
shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or
adequate indemnity against such risk is not reasonably assured to it.
(h) The Paying Agent, the Registrar and any authenticating agent shall
be entitled to the protections, immunities and standard of care as are set forth
in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of this Section with respect to the Trustee.
Section 7.2. Rights of Trustee.
(a) The Trustee may rely on and shall be protected in acting or
refraining from acting as a result of its reasonable belief that any document
was genuine and had been signed or presented by the proper person. The Trustee
need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document.
(b) Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an
Officers' Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel. The Trustee shall not be liable
for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such
Officers' Certificate or opinion of Counsel.
(c) The Trustee may act through agents and shall not be responsible
for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed with due care; provided
that such agent agree as a condition to its engagement that it shall be
responsible to the Company for its own misconduct or negligence. No Depository
shall be deemed an agent of the Trustee and the Trustee shall not be responsible
for any act or omission by any Depository.
(d) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits
to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its rights or
powers.
(e) The Trustee may consult with counsel and the advice of such
counsel or any opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and
protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder
in good faith and in reliance thereon.
(f) The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the
rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of
any of the Holders of Securities unless such Holders shall have offered to the
Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and
liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or
direction.
Section 7.3. Individual Rights of Trustee.
The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the
owner or pledgee of securities and may otherwise deal with the Company or an
Affiliate with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. Any Agent
may do the same with like rights. The Trustee is also subject to Sections 7.10
and 7.11.
Section 7.4. Trustee's Disclaimer.
The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of
this Indenture or the Securities, it shall not be accountable for the Company's
use of the proceeds from the Securities, and it shall not be responsible for any
statement in the Securities other than its authentication.
Section 7.5. Notice of Defaults.
If a Default or Event of Default occurs and is continuing with respect
to the Securities of any Series and if it is known to a Responsible Officer of
the Trustee, the Trustee shall mail to each Securityholder of the Securities of
that Series and, if any Bearer Securities are outstanding, publish on one
occasion in an Authorized Newspaper, notice of a Default or Event of Default
within 90 days after it occurs or, if later, after a Responsible Officer of the
Trustee has knowledge of such Default or Event of Default. Except in the case of
a Default or Event of Default in payment of principal of or interest on any
Security of any Series, the Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as
its corporate trust committee or a committee of its Responsible Officers in good
faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interests of
Securityholders of that Series.
Section 7.6. Reports by Trustee to Holders.
Within 60 days after May 15 in each year, the Trustee shall transmit
by mail to all Securityholders, as their names and addresses appear on the
register kept by the Registrar and, if any Bearer Securities are outstanding,
publish in an Authorized Newspaper, a brief report dated as of such May 15, in
accordance with, and to the extent required under, TIA Section 313.
A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to Securityholders of
any Series shall be filed with the SEC and each stock exchange on which the
Securities of that Series are listed. The Company shall promptly notify the
Trustee when Securities of any Series are listed on any stock exchange.
Section 7.7. Compensation and Indemnity.
The Company shall pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable
compensation for its services. The Trustee's compensation shall not be limited
by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Company shall
reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses
incurred by it. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and
expenses of the Trustee's agents and counsel.
The Company shall indemnify the Trustee (including the cost of
defending itself) against any loss, liability or expense incurred by it except
as set forth in the next paragraph in the performance of its duties under this
Indenture as Trustee or Agent. The Trustee shall notify the Company promptly of
any claim for which it may seek indemnity. The Company shall defend the claim
and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense. The Trustee may have separate
counsel and the Company shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such
counsel. The Company need not pay for any settlement made without its consent,
which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. This indemnification shall
apply to officers, directors, employees, shareholders and agents of the Trustee.
The Company need not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any
loss liability incurred by the Trustee or by any officer, director, employee,
shareholder or agent of the Trustee through negligence or bad faith.
To secure the Company's payment obligations in this Section, the
Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities of any Series on all money or
property held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay
principal and interest on particular Securities of that Series.
When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of
Default specified in Section 6.1(f) or (g) occurs, the expenses and the
compensation for the services are intended to constitute expenses of
administration under any Bankruptcy Law.
Section 7.8. Replacement of Trustee.
A resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor
Trustee shall become effective only upon the successor Trustee's acceptance of
appointment as provided in this Section.
The Trustee may resign with respect to the Securities of one or more
Series by so notifying the Company. The Holders of a majority in principal
amount of the Securities of any Series may remove the Trustee with respect to
that Series by so notifying the Trustee and the Company. The Company may remove
the Trustee with respect to Securities of one or more Series if:
(a) the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10;
(b) the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent or an order for
relief is entered with respect to the Trustee under any Bankruptcy Law;
(c) a Custodian or public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its
property; or
(d) the Trustee becomes incapable of acting.
If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the
office of Trustee for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor
Trustee. Within one year after the successor Trustee takes office, the Holders
of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities may appoint
a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Company.
If a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any one or
more Series does not take office within 60 days after the retiring Trustee
resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee, the Company or the Holders of at
least 10% in principal amount of the Securities of the applicable Series may
petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor
Trustee.
If the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any one or more
Series fails to comply with Section 7.10, any Securityholder of the applicable
Series may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the
Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee.
A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its
appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company. Immediately after that,
the retiring Trustee shall transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the
successor Trustee subject to the lien provided for in Section 7.7, the
resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the
successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee
with respect to each Series of Securities for which it is acting as Trustee
under this Indenture. A successor Trustee shall mail a notice of its succession
to each Securityholder of each such Series and, if any Bearer Securities are
outstanding, publish such notice on one occasion in an Authorized Newspaper.
Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.8, the
Company's obligations under Section 7.7 hereof shall continue for the benefit of
the retiring trustee with respect to expenses and liabilities incurred by it
prior to such replacement.
Section 7.9. Successor Trustee by Merger, etc.
If the Trustee consolidates with, merges or converts into, or
transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another
corporation, the successor corporation without any further act shall be the
successor Trustee.
Section 7.10. Eligibility; Disqualification.
This Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the
requirements of TIA Section 310(a)(1), (2) and (5). The Trustee shall always
have a combined capital and surplus of at least $25,000,000 as set forth in its
most recent published annual report of condition. The Trustee shall comply with
TIA Section 310(b).
Section 7.11. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company.
The Trustee is subject to TIA Section 311(a), excluding any creditor
relationship listed in TIA Section 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been
removed shall be subject to TTA Section 311(a) to the extent indicated.
ARTICLE VIII.
SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE
Section 8.1. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture.
This Indenture shall upon Company Order cease to be of further effect
(except as hereinafter provided in this Section 8.1), and the Trustee, at the
expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when
(a) either
(i) all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered (other
than Securities that have been destroyed, lost or stolen and that have been
replaced or paid) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or
(ii) all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee
for cancellation have become due and payable, or
(1) have become due and payable, or
(2) will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity
within one year, or
(3) are to be called for redemption within one year under
arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption
by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, or
(4) are deemed paid and discharged pursuant to section 8.3,
as applicable;
and the Company, in the case of (1), (2) or (3) above, has deposited or caused
to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust an amount sufficient
for the purpose of paying and discharging the entire indebtedness on such
Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for
principal and interest to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities
which have become due and payable on or prior to the date of such deposit) or to
the Stated Maturity or redemption date, as the case may be;
(b) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable
hereunder by the Company; and
(c) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate
and an opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent herein
provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have
been complied with.
Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the
obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 7.7, and, if money shall
have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to clause (a) of this Section, the
provisions of Sections 2.4, 2.7, 2.8, 8.1 8.2 and 8.5 shall survive.
Section 8.2. Application of Trust Funds; Indemnification.
(a) Subject to the provisions of Section 8.5, all money deposited with
the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.1, all money and U.S. Government Obligations
or Foreign Government Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section
8.3 or 8.4 and all money received by the Trustee in respect of U.S. Government
Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations deposited with the Trustee
pursuant to Section 8.3 or 8.4, shall be held in trust and applied by it, in
accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this Indenture, to the
payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company
acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the persons
entitled thereto, of the principal and interest for whose payment such money has
been deposited with or received by the Trustee or to make mandatory sinking fund
payments or analogous payments as contemplated by Sections 8.3 or 8.4.
(b) The Company shall pay and shall indemnify the Trustee against any
tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against U.S. Government
obligations or Foreign Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Sections 8.3
or 8.4 or the interest and principal received in respect of such obligations
other than any payable by or on behalf of Holders.
(c) The Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time
upon Company Request any U.S. Government obligations or Foreign Government
obligations or money held by it as provided in Sections 8.3 or 8.4 which, in the
opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent certified public
accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the
Trustee, are then in excess of the amount thereof which then would have been
required to be deposited for the purpose for which such U.S. Government
Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations or money were deposited or
received. This provision shall not authorize the sale by the Trustee of any U.S.
Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations held under this
Indenture.
Section 8.3. Legal Defeasance of Securities of any Series.
Unless this Section 8.3 is otherwise specified, pursuant to Section
2.2-20, to be inapplicable to Securities of any Series, the Company shall be
deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness on all the
outstanding Securities of such Series on the 91st day after the date of the
deposit referred to in subparagraph (d) hereof, and the provisions of this
Indenture, as it relates to such outstanding Securities of such Series, shall no
longer be in effect (and the Trustee, at the expense of the company, shall, at
Company Request, execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except as
to:
(a) the rights of Holders of Securities of such Series to receive,
from the trust funds described in subparagraph (d) hereof, (i) payment of the
principal of and each installment of principal of and interest on the
outstanding Securities of such Series on the Stated Maturity of such principal
or installment of principal or interest and (ii) the benefit of any mandatory
sinking fund payments applicable to the Securities of such Series on the day on
which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of this
Indenture and the Securities of such Series;
(b) the provisions of Sections 2.4, 2.7, 2.8, 8.2, 8.3 and 8.5; and
(c) the rights, powers, trust and immunities of the Trustee hereunder;
provided that, the following conditions shall have been satisfied:
(d) the Company shall have deposited or caused to be deposited
irrevocably with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making
the following payments, specifically pledged as security for and dedicated
solely to the benefit of the Holders of such Securities W in the case of
Securities of such Series denominated in Dollars, cash in Dollars (or such other
money or currencies as shall then be legal tender in the United States) and/or
U.S. Government Obligations, or (ii) in the case of Securities of such Series
denominated in a Foreign Currency (other than a composite currency), money
and/or Foreign Government obligations, which through the payment of interest and
principal in respect thereof, in accordance with their terms, will provide (and
without reinvestment and assuming no tax liability will be imposed on such
Trustee), not later than one day before the due date of any payment of money, an
amount in cash, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of
independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof
delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge each installment of principal
(including mandatory sinking fund or analogous payments) of and interest, if
any, on all the Securities of such Series on the dates such installments of
interest or principal are due;
(e) such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or
constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement or instrument
to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound;
(f) no Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of
such Series shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or
during the period ending on the 91st day after such date;
(g) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an officers'
Certificate and an opinion of Counsel to the effect that (i) the Company has
received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a
ruling, or (ii) since the date of execution of this Indenture, there has been a
change in the applicable Federal income tax law, in either case to the effect
that, and based thereon such opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, the Holders
of the Securities of such Series will not recognize income, gain or loss for
Federal income tax purposes as a result of such deposit, defeasance and
discharge and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amount and in
the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such
deposit, defeasance and discharge had not occurred;
(h) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by the Company with the intent
of preferring the Holders of the Securities of such Series over any other
creditors of the company or with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or
defrauding any other creditors of the Company;
(i) such deposit shall not result in the trust arising from such
deposit constituting an investment company (as defined in the Investment Company
Act of 1940, as amended), or such trust shall be qualified under such Act or
exempt from regulation thereunder; and
(j) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an officers'
Certificate and an opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
precedent provided for relating to the defeasance contemplated by this Section
have been complied with.
Section 8.4. Covenant Defeasance.
Unless this Section 8.4 is otherwise specified pursuant to Section
2.2.20 to be inapplicable to Securities of any Series, on and after the 91st day
after the date of the deposit referred to in subparagraph (a) hereof, the
Company may omit to comply with any term, provision or condition set forth under
Sections 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, and 5.1 as well as any additional covenants
contained in a supplemental indenture hereto for a particular Series of
Securities or a Board Resolution or an Officers' Certificate delivered pursuant
to Section 2.2.20 (and the failure to comply with any such covenants shall not
constitute a Default or Event of Default under Section 6.1) and the occurrence
of any event described in clause (e) of Section 6.1 shall not constitute a
Default or Event of Default hereunder, with respect to the Securities of such
Series, provided that the following conditions shall have been satisfied:
(a) With reference to this Section 8.4, the Company has deposited or
caused to be irrevocably deposited (except as provided in Section 8.2(c)) with
the Trustee as trust funds in trust, specifically pledged as security for, and
dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of such Securities (i) in the
case of Securities of such Series denominated in Dollars, cash in Dollars (or
such other money or currencies as shall then be legal tender in the United
States) and/or U.S. Government obligations, or (ii) in the case of Securities of
such Series denominated in a Foreign Currency (other than a composite currency),
money and/or Foreign Government obligations, which through the payment of
interest and principal in respect thereof, in accordance with their terms, will
provide (and without reinvestment and assuming no tax liability will be imposed
on such Trustee), not later than one day before the due date of any payment of
money, an amount in cash, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized
firm of independent certified public accountants expressed in a written
certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay principal and interest,
if any, on and any mandatory sinking fund in respect of the Securities of such
Series on the dates such installments of interest or principal are due;
(b) Such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or
constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement or instrument
to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound;
(c) No Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of
such Series shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or
during the period ending on the 91st day after such date;
(d) the company shall have delivered to the Trustee an opinion of
Counsel confirming that Holders of the Securities of such Series will not
recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of
such deposit and defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the
same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the
case if such deposit and defeasance had not occurred;
(e) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an officers'
Certificate stating the deposit was not made by the Company with the intent of
preferring the Holders of the Securities of such Series over any other creditors
of the Company or with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or
defrauding any other creditors of the Company; and
(f) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an officers'
Certificate and an opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
precedent herein provided for relating to the defeasance contemplated by this
Section have been complied with.
Section 8.5. Repayment to Company.
The Trustee and the Paying Agent shall pay to the Company upon request
any money held by them for the payment of principal and interest that remains
unclaimed for two years. After that, Securityholders entitled to the money must
look to the Company for payment as general creditors unless an applicable
abandoned property law designates another person.
ARTICLE IX.
AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS
Section 9.1. Without Consent of Holders.
The Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or
the Securities of one or more Series without the consent of any Securityholder:
(a) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency;
(b) to comply with Article V;
(c) to provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in
place of certificated Securities;
(d) to make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of
any Securityholder;
(e) to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms
and conditions of Securities of any Series as permitted by this Indenture;
(f) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment
hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more
Series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall
be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts
hereunder by more than one Trustee; or
(g) to comply with requirements of the SEC in order to effect or
maintain the qualification of this Indenture under the TIA.
Section 9.2. With Consent of Holders.
The Company and the Trustee may enter into a supplemental indenture
with the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in principal
amount of the outstanding Securities of all Series affected by such supplemental
indenture, taken together as one class (including consents obtained in
connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Securities of such
Series), for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner
or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any supplemental
indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Securityholders of
each such Series. Except as provided in Section 6.13, the Holders of at least a
majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of all Series
affected by such waiver by notice to the Trustee, taken together as one class
(including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer
for the Securities of such Series) may waive compliance by the Company with any
provision of this Indenture or the Securities with respect to such Series.
It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders of Securities
under this Section 9.2 to approve the particular form of any proposed
supplemental indenture or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent
approves the substance thereof. After a supplemental indenture or waiver under
this section becomes effective, the Company shall mail to the Holders of
Securities affected thereby and, if any Bearer Securities affected thereby are
outstanding, publish on one occasion in an Authorized Newspaper, a notice
briefly describing the supplemental indenture or waiver. Any failure by the
Company to mail or publish such notice, or any defect therein, shall not,
however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental
indenture or waiver.
Section 9.3. Limitations.
Without the consent of each Securityholder affected, an amendment or
waiver may not:
(a) change the amount of Securities whose Holders must consent to an
amendment, supplement or waiver;
(b) reduce the rate of or change the interest payment time on any
Security or alter the redemption provisions with respect thereto (other than the
provisions relating to Sections 4.10 and 4.17, other than any alteration to any
such Section which would not materially adversely affect the legal rights of any
Holder under this Indenture) or the price at which the Company is required to
offer to purchase the Securities;
(c) reduce the principal or change the Stated Maturity of any Security
or reduce the amount of, or postpone the date fixed for, the payment of any
sinking fund or analogous obligation;
(d) reduce the principal amount of Discount Securities payable upon
acceleration of the maturity thereof;
(e) waive a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the
principal of or interest, if any, on any Security (except a rescission of
acceleration of the Securities of any Series by the Holders of at least a
majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such Series and a
waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration);
(f) make the principal of or interest, if any, on any Security payable
in any currency other than that stated in the Security;
(g) make any change in Sections 6.8, 6.13, 9.3 (this sentence), 10.15
or 10.16; or
(h) waive a redemption payment with respect to any Security or change
any of the provisions with respect to the redemption of any Securities.
Section 9.4. Compliance with Trust Indenture Act.
Every amendment to this Indenture or the Securities of one or more
Series shall be set forth in a supplemental indenture hereto that complies with
the TIA as then in effect.
Section 9.5. Revocation and Effect of Consents.
Until an amendment or waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a
Holder of a Security is a continuing consent by the Holder and every subsequent
Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as
the consenting Holder's Security, even if notation of the consent is not made on
any Security. However, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the
consent as to his Security or portion of a Security if the Trustee receives the
notice of revocation before the date the amendment or waiver becomes effective.
Any amendment or waiver once effective shall bind every Securityholder
of each Series affected by such amendment or waiver unless it is of the type
described in any of clauses (a) through (g) of Section 9.3. in that case, the
amendment or waiver shall bind each Holder of a Security who has consented to it
and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that
evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder's Security.
Section 9.6. Notation on or Exchange of Securities.
The Trustee may place an appropriate notation about an amendment or
waiver on any Security of any Series thereafter authenticated. The Company in
exchange for Securities of that Series may issue and the Trustee shall
authenticate upon request new Securities of that Series that reflect the
amendment or waiver.
Section 9.7. Trustee Protected.
In executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any
supplemental indenture permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby of
the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive,
and (subject to Section 7.1) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an
Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture is
authorized or permitted by this Indenture. The Trustee shall sign all
supplemental indentures, except that the Trustee need not sign any supplemental
indenture that adversely affects its rights.
ARTICLE X.
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 10.1. Trust Indenture Act Controls.
If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies, or conflicts
with another provision which is required or deemed to be included in this
Indenture by the TIA, such required or deemed provision shall control.
Section 10.2. Notices.
Any notice or communication by the Company or the Trustee to the other
is duly given if in writing and delivered in person or mailed by first-class
mail:
if to the Company:
Eagle Bulk Shipping Inc.
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
if to the Trustee:
[Name of Trustee]
[Address]
---------------------
---------------------
Attention:
--------------
The Company or the Trustee by notice to the other may designate
additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.
Any notice or communication to a Securityholder shall be mailed by
first-class mail to his address shown on the register kept by the Registrar and,
if any Bearer Securities are outstanding, published in an Authorized Newspaper.
Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Securityholder of any Series or
any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other
Securityholders of that or any other Series.
If a notice or communication is mailed or published in the manner
provided above, within the time prescribed, it is duly given, whether or not the
Securityholder receives it.
If the company mails a notice or communication to Securityholders, it
mail a copy to the Trustee and each Agent at the same time.
Section 10.3. Communication by Holders with Other Holders.
Securityholders of any Series may communicate pursuant to TIA Section
312(b) with other Securityholders of that Series or any other Series with
respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities of that Series or
all Series. The Company, the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have
the protection of TIA Section 312(c).
Section 10.4. Certificate and opinion as to Conditions Precedent.
Upon any request or application by the Company to the Trustee to take
any action under this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee:
(a) an Officers' Certificate stating that, in the opinion of the
signers, all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture
relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and
(b) an opinion of Counsel stating that, in the opinion of counsel, all
such conditions precedent have been complied with.
Section 10.5. Statements Required in Certificate or opinion.
Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a
condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than a certificate
provided pursuant to TIA Section 314(a)(4)) shall comply with the provisions of
TIA Section 314(e) and shall include:
(a) a statement that the person making such certificate or opinion has
read such covenant or condition;
(b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or
investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such
certificate or opinion are based;
(c) a statement that, in the opinion of such person, he has made such
examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an
informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been
complied with; and
(d) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such person,
such condition or covenant has been complied with.
Section 10.6. Rules by Trustee and Agents.
The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or a meeting of
Securityholders of one or more Series. Any Agent may make reasonable rules and
set reasonable requirements for its functions.
Section 10.7. Legal Holidays.
Unless otherwise provided by Board Resolution, officers' Certificate
or supplemental indenture for a particular Series, a "Legal Holiday" is any day
that is not a Business Day. If a payment date is a Legal Holiday at a place of
payment, payment may be made at that place on the next succeeding day that is
not a Legal Holiday, and no interest shall accrue for the intervening period.
Section 10.8. No Recourse Against Others.
A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company
shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the
Securities or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by
reason of such obligations or their creation. Each Securityholder by accepting a
Security waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part
of the consideration for the issue of the Securities.
Section 10.9. Counterparts.
This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts and by
the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed
shall be deemed to be an original and all of which taken together shall
constitute one and the same agreement.
Section 10.10. Governing Laws.
THIS INDENTURE AND THE SECURITIES SHALL BE GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE
STATE OF NEW YORK EXCLUDING (TO THE GREATEST EXTENT POSSIBLE) ANY RULE OF LAW
THAT WOULD CAUSE THE APPLICATION OF THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION OTHER THAN THE
STATE OF NEW YORK.
Section 10.11. No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.
This Indenture may not be used to interpret another indenture, loan or
debt agreement of the Company or a Subsidiary. Any such indenture, loan or debt
agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture.
Section 10.12. Successors.
All agreements of the Company in this Indenture and the Securities
shall bind its successor. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall
bind its successor.
Section 10.13. Severability.
In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be
invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of
the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.
Section 10.14. Table of Contents, Headings, Etc.
The Table of Contents, Cross Reference Table, and headings of the
Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of
reference only, are not to be considered a part hereof, and shall in no way
modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.
Section 10.15. Securities in a Foreign Currency or in ECU.
Unless otherwise specified in a Board Resolution, a supplemental
indenture hereto or an Officers' Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.2
of this Indenture with respect to a particular Series of Securities, whenever
for purposes of this Indenture any action may be taken by the Holders of a
specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of Securities of all Series
or all Series affected by a particular action at the time outstanding and, at
such time, there are outstanding Securities of any Series which are denominated
in a coin or currency other than Dollars (including ECUs), then the principal
amount of Securities of such Series which shall be deemed to be outstanding for
the purpose of taking such action shall be that amount of Dollars that could be
obtained for such amount at the Market Exchange Rate at such time. For purposes
of this Section 10.15, "Market Exchange Rate" shall mean the noon Dollar buying
rate in New York City for cable transfers of that currency as published by the
Federal Reserve Bank of New York; provided, however, in the case of ECUs, Market
Exchange Rate shall mean the rate of exchange determined by the Commission of
the European Union (or any successor thereto) as published in the Official
Journal of the European union (such publication or any successor publication,
the "Journal"). If such Market Exchange Rate is not available for any reason
with respect to such currency, the Trustee shall use, in its sole discretion and
without liability on its part, such quotation of the Federal Reserve Bank of New
York or, in the case of ECUs, the rate of exchange as published in the Journal,
as of the most recent available date, or quotations or, in the case of ECUs,
rates of exchange from one or more major banks in The City of New York or in the
country of issue of the currency in question or, in the case of ECUs, in
Luxembourg or such other quotations or, in the case of ECUs, rates of exchange
as the Trustee, upon consultation with the Company, shall deem appropriate. The
provisions of this paragraph shall apply in determining the equivalent principal
amount in respect of Securities of a Series denominated in currency other than
Dollars in connection with any action taken by Holders of Securities pursuant to
the terms of this Indenture.
All decisions and determinations of the Trustee regarding the Market
Exchange Rate or any alternative determination provided for in the preceding
paragraph shall be in its sole discretion and shall, in the absence of manifest
error, be conclusive to the extent permitted by law for all purposes and
irrevocably binding upon the Company and all Holders.
Section 10.16. Judgment Currency.
The Company agrees, to the fullest extent that it may effectively do
so under applicable law, that (a) if for the purpose of obtaining judgment in
any court it is necessary to convert the sum due in respect of the principal of
or interest or other amount on the Securities of any Series (the "Required
Currency") into a currency in which a judgment will be rendered (the "Judgment
Currency"), the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance
with normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in The City of New
York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the day on which final
unappealable judgment is entered, unless such day is not a New York Banking Day,
then, the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with
normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in The City of New York the
Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the New York Banking Day
preceding the day on which final unappealable judgment is entered and (b) its
obligations under this Indenture to make payments in the Required Currency (i)
shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender, any recovery pursuant to any
judgment (whether or not entered in accordance with subsection (a)), in any
currency other than the Required Currency, except to the extent that such tender
or recovery shall result in the actual receipt, by the payee, of the full amount
of the Required Currency expressed to be payable in respect of such payments,
(ii) shall be enforceable as an alternative or additional cause of action for
the purpose of recovering in the Required Currency the amount, if any, by which
such actual receipt shall fall short of the full amount of the Required Currency
so expressed to be payable, and (iii) shall not be affected by judgment being
obtained for any other sum due under this Indenture. For purposes of the
foregoing, "New York Banking Day" means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or a
legal holiday in The City of New York on which banking institutions are
authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to close.
ARTICLE XI.
SINKING FUNDS
Section 11.1. Applicability of Article.
The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to any sinking fund
for the retirement of the Securities of a Series, except as otherwise permitted
or required by any form of Security of such Series issued pursuant to this
Indenture.
The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the
terms of the Securities of any Series is herein referred to as a "mandatory
sinking fund payment" and any other amount provided for by the terms of
Securities of such Series is herein referred to as an "optional sinking fund
payment." If provided for by the terms of Securities of any Series, the cash
amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in
Section 11.2. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of
Securities of any Series as provided for by the terms of the securities of such
Series.
Section 11.2. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.
The Company may, in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking
fund payment with respect to the Securities of any Series to be made pursuant to
the terms of such Securities (1) deliver outstanding Securities of such Series
to which such sinking fund payment is applicable (other than any of such
Securities previously called for mandatory sinking fund redemption) and (2)
apply as credit Securities of such Series to which such sinking fund payment is
applicable and which have been redeemed either at the election of the Company
pursuant to the terms of such Series of Securities (except pursuant to any
mandatory sinking fund) or through the application of permitted optional sinking
fund payments or other optional redemptions pursuant to the terms of such
Securities, provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited.
Such Securities shall be received by the Trustee, together with an Officers'
Certificate with respect thereto, not later than 15 days prior to the date on
which the Trustee begins the process of selecting Securities for redemption, and
shall be credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the price specified in such
Securities for redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the amount
of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly. If as a result of the
delivery or credit of Securities in lieu of cash payments pursuant to this
Section 11.2, the principal amount of Securities of such Series to be redeemed
in order to exhaust the aforesaid cash payment shall be less than $100,000, the
Trustee need not call Securities of such Series for redemption, except upon
receipt of a Company Order that such action be taken, and such cash payment
shall be held by the Trustee or a Paying Agent and applied to the next
succeeding sinking fund payment, provided, however, that the Trustee or such
Paying Agent shall from time to time upon receipt of a Company Order pay over
and deliver to the Company any cash payment so being held by the Trustee or such
Paying Agent upon delivery by the Company to the Trustee of Securities of that
Series purchased by the Company having an unpaid principal amount equal to the
cash payment required to be released to the Company.
Section 11.3. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.
Not less than 45 days (unless otherwise indicated in the Board
Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers' Certificate in respect of
a particular Series of Securities) prior to each sinking fund payment date for
any Series of Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officers'
Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund
payment for that Series pursuant to the terms of that Series, the portion
thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion
thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting of
Securities of that Series pursuant to Section 11.2., and the optional amount, if
any, to be added in cash to the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment, and
the Company shall thereupon be obligated to pay the amount therein specified.
Not less than 30 days (unless otherwise indicated in the Board Resolution,
Officers' Certificate or supplemental indenture in respect of a particular
Series of Securities) before each such sinking fund payment date the Trustee
shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date
in the manner specified in Section 3.2 and cause notice of the redemption
thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the
manner provided in Section 3.3. Such notice having been duly given, the
redemption of such Securities shall stated in Sections 3.4, 3.5 and 3.6.
[The Remainder of this page is intentionally left blank.]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to
be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.
Eagle Bulk Shipping Inc.
By: /s/ [TBD]
-------------------
Name: [TBD]
Its: [Chief Accounting Officer and
Company Secretary]
[Name of Trustee]
By:___________________________
Name:
Its: