AMENDED AND RESTATED TRUST AGREEMENT between BMW FS SECURITIES LLC, as Depositor, and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Owner Trustee Dated as of July 20, 2016

Exhibit 10.1

AMENDED AND RESTATED TRUST AGREEMENT

between

BMW FS SECURITIES LLC,
as Depositor,

and

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
as Owner Trustee

Dated as of July 20, 2016

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

 

 

THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED TRUST AGREEMENT, dated as of July 20, 2016, is between BMW FS SECURITIES LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, as depositor (the “Depositor”), and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association, as owner trustee (the “Owner Trustee”).

WHEREAS, the Depositor and the Owner Trustee entered into that certain Trust Agreement dated as of May 11, 2016 (the “Original Trust Agreement”), pursuant to which BMW Vehicle Owner Trust 2016-A (the “Trust”) was created; and

WHEREAS, the Depositor and the Owner Trustee have agreed to amend and restate the Original Trust Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, the Depositor and the Owner Trustee hereby agree that the Original Trust Agreement is hereby amended and restated to read as follows:

Section 1.01.  Capitalized Terms.  For all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth below:

“Administration Agreement” shall mean the Owner Trust Administration Agreement, dated as of July 20, 2016, among the Trust, BMW Financial Services NA, LLC, as Administrator, and U.S. Bank National Association, as Indenture Trustee.

“Administrator” shall mean BMW Financial Services NA, LLC.

“Agreement” shall mean this Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, as the same may be amended and supplemented from time to time.

“Benefit Plan” means (i) an employee benefit plan, as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA, that is subject to Title I of ERISA, (ii) a plan described in Section 4975(e)(1) of the Code, (iii) a governmental or church plan, as defined in Sections 3(32) and 3(33) of ERISA, respectively, subject to any federal, state or local law which is substantially similar to the provisions of Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, (iv) an entity whose underlying assets include plan assets by reason of a plan’s investment in the entity (within the meaning of Department of Labor Regulation 29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3‑101) or (v) a person investing “plan assets” of any such plan or entity.

“Certificate Distribution Account” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.01.

“Certificate of Trust” shall mean the Certificate of Trust substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D filed for the Trust pursuant to Section 3810(a) of the Statutory Trust Statute.

“Certificate Percentage Interest” shall mean with respect to any Trust Certificate, the percentage interest of ownership in the Trust represented thereby as set forth on the face thereof; provided that, with respect to any Trust Certificate owned by BMW Bank, if (i) BMW Bank becomes the subject of an insolvency proceeding and the FDIC, as receiver or conservator for BMW Bank, exercises its right of repudiation as contemplated by paragraph (d)(4)(ii) of the FDIC Rule and (ii) the FDIC pays damages to the Trust in an amount not less than the sum of (x) the aggregate outstanding Principal Balance of such Receivables and (y) the product of (1) the amount of interest accrued on the Notes through the date of repudiation and (2) the percentage that the aggregate outstanding Principal Balance of such Receivables bears to the aggregate outstanding Principal Balance of all of the Receivables on the date of repudiation, then (x) the Certificate Percentage Interest of such Trust Certificates shall be reduced to zero at the time of such repudiation, (y) BMW Bank shall no longer be entitled to any payments in respect of such Trust Certificates and (z) the Certificate Percentage Interest associated with such Trust Certificates shall, without need for any further action, immediately be transferred to the Depositor, in each case notwithstanding whether BMW Bank was the Certificateholder of such Trust Certificates on the related Record Date preceding such payments.

“Certificate Register” and “Certificate Registrar” shall mean the register mentioned in and the registrar appointed pursuant to Section 3.04.

“Certificateholder” or “Holder” shall mean a Person in whose name a Trust Certificate is registered.

“Code” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder.

“Corporate Trust Office” shall mean, with respect to the Owner Trustee, the principal corporate trust office of the Owner Trustee located at ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Square North, ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration, or at such other address in the State of Delaware as the Owner Trustee may designate by notice to the Certificateholders and the Depositor, or the principal corporate trust office of any successor Owner Trustee at the address (which shall be in the State of Delaware) designated by such successor Owner Trustee by notice to the Certificateholders and the Depositor.

“Definitive Trust Certificates” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.10.

“Depositor” shall mean BMW FS Securities LLC, and its successors, in its capacity as depositor hereunder.

“ERISA” shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.

“Exchange Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

“Expenses” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 8.02.

“Indemnified Parties” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 8.02.

“Indenture” shall mean the Indenture, dated as of July 20, 2016, between the Trust and U.S. Bank National Association, as Indenture Trustee.

“Indenture Trustee” shall mean U.S. Bank National Association, a national banking association, not in its individual capacity, but solely as Indenture Trustee under the Indenture and any successor Indenture Trustee thereunder.

“Owner Trustee” shall mean Wilmington Trust, National Association, a national banking association, not in its individual capacity but solely as owner trustee under this Agreement, and any successor Owner Trustee hereunder.

“Paying Agent” shall mean any paying agent or co-paying agent of the Trust appointed pursuant to Section 3.09 and shall initially be U.S. Bank National Association.

“Person” shall mean any individual, corporation, estate, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, association, joint stock company, trust or statutory trust (including any beneficiary thereof), unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

“Record Date” shall mean, with respect to a Payment Date, the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding such Payment Date.

“Regulation AB” means Subpart 229.1100 – Asset Backed Securities (Regulation AB), 17 C.F.R. §§229.1100-229.1125, as such may be amended from time to time, and subject to such clarification and interpretation as have been provided by the Commission in the adopting releases (Asset-Backed Securities, Securities Act Release No. 33-8518, 70 Fed. Reg. 1,506, 1,531 (Jan. 7, 2005) and Asset-Backed Securities Disclosure and Registration, Securities Act Release No. 33-9638, 79 Fed. Reg. 57,184 (Sept. 24, 2014)) or by the staff of the Commission, or as may be provided by the Commission or its staff from time to time.

“Sale and Servicing Agreement” shall mean the Sale and Servicing Agreement, dated as of July 20, 2016, among the Depositor, BMW Financial Services NA, LLC, as Sponsor, Servicer, Custodian and Administrator, the Trust and the Indenture Trustee, as the same may be amended or supplemented from time to time.

“Secretary of State” shall mean the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

“Statutory Trust Statute” shall mean Chapter 38 of Title 12 of the Delaware Code, 12 Del. C. § 3801 et seq., as the same may be amended from time to time.

“Treasury Regulations” shall mean regulations, including proposed or temporary regulations, promulgated under the Code.  References herein to specific provisions of proposed

or temporary regulations shall include analogous provisions of final Treasury Regulations or other successor Treasury Regulations.

“Trust” shall mean the trust continued by this Agreement.

“Trust Certificate” shall mean each certificate evidencing the beneficial interest of a Certificateholder in the Trust, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A.

“Trust Estate” shall mean all right, title and interest of the Trust in and to the property and rights assigned to the Trust pursuant to Article II of the Sale and Servicing Agreement, all funds on deposit from time to time in the Trust Accounts and the Certificate Distribution Account, and all other property of the Trust from time to time, including any rights of the Owner Trustee and the Trust pursuant to the Sale and Servicing Agreement and the Administration Agreement.

“Trust Officer” means, with respect to the Indenture Trustee or Owner Trustee, as applicable, any officer within the Corporate Trust Office or successor group of the Indenture Trustee or the Owner Trustee, respectively, including any Vice President, Assistant Vice President, Assistant Treasurer, Assistant Secretary or any other officer of the Indenture Trustee or the Owner Trustee, respectively, customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above designated officers and also, with respect to a particular matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of such officer’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject, in each case having direct responsibility for the administration of the Basic Documents.

Section 1.02.  Other Definitional Provisions.

references to Sections and Exhibits in or to this Agreement unless otherwise specified; and the term “including” shall mean “including without limitation”.

ARTICLE II

ORGANIZATION

Section 2.01.  Name.  The Trust created by the Original Trust Agreement and continued hereby is known as “BMW Vehicle Owner Trust 2016-A,” in which name the Owner Trustee and the Administrator may conduct the business of the Trust, make and execute contracts and other instruments on behalf of the Trust and ▇▇▇ and be sued.

Section 2.02.  Office.  The office of the Trust shall be in care of the Owner Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office or at such other address in Delaware as the Owner Trustee may designate by written notice to the Certificateholders and the Depositor.

Section 2.03.  Purposes and Powers.  The purpose of the Trust is to engage in the following activities and the Trust shall have the power and authority:

The Trust is hereby authorized to engage in the foregoing activities.  The Trust shall not engage in any activity other than in connection with the foregoing or other than as required or authorized by the terms of this Agreement or the Basic Documents.

Section 2.04.  Appointment of Owner Trustee.  The Depositor hereby appoints the Owner Trustee as trustee of the Trust effective as of the date hereof, to have all the rights, powers and duties set forth herein.

Section 2.05.  Initial Capital Contribution of Trust Estate.  Pursuant to the Original Trust Agreement, the Depositor sold, assigned, transferred conveyed and set over to the Owner Trustee, as of the date thereof, the sum of $1.  The Owner Trustee hereby acknowledges receipt in trust from the Depositor, as of the date thereof, of the foregoing contribution, which shall constitute the initial Trust Estate and shall be deposited in the Certificate Distribution Account.  The Depositor shall pay organizational expenses of the Trust as they may arise or shall, upon the request of the Owner Trustee, promptly reimburse the Owner Trustee for any such expenses paid by the Owner Trustee.

Section 2.06.  Declaration of Trust.  The Owner Trustee hereby declares that it will hold the Trust Estate in trust upon and subject to the conditions set forth herein for the use and benefit of the Certificateholders, subject to the obligations of the Trust under the Basic Documents.  It is the intention of the parties hereto that the Trust constitute a statutory trust under the Statutory Trust Statute and that this Agreement constitute the governing instrument of such statutory trust.  It is the intention of the parties hereto that, for income and franchise tax purposes, until the Trust Certificates are held by other than the Depositor, the Trust will be disregarded as an entity separate from the Depositor and Notes held by a person other than the Depositor (or a person whose separate existence from the Depositor is disregarded) will be characterized as debt.  At such time that the Trust Certificates are held by more than one Person, it is the intention of the parties hereto that, for income and franchise tax purposes, the Trust shall be treated as a partnership, with the assets of the partnership being the Receivables and other assets held by the Trust, the partners of the partnership being the Certificateholders, and the Notes being debt of the partnership.  The Depositor and the Certificateholders by acceptance of a Trust Certificate agree to such treatment and agree to take no action inconsistent with such treatment.  The parties agree that, unless otherwise required by appropriate tax authorities, until the Trust Certificates are held by more than one Person the Trust will not file or cause to be filed annual or other necessary returns, reports and other forms consistent with the characterization of the Trust as an entity separate from its owner.  In the event the Trust is required to file any tax returns, reports or other forms, the Depositor shall be responsible for causing such filings and the expense associated therewith. Effective as of the date hereof, the Owner Trustee shall have all

rights, powers and duties set forth herein and in the Statutory Trust Statute with respect to accomplishing the purposes of the Trust as set forth in Section 2.03.

Section 2.07.  [Reserved].

Section 2.08.  Title to Trust Property.  Subject to the Lien of the Indenture, legal title to all the Trust Estate shall be vested at all times in the Trust as a separate legal entity except where applicable law in any jurisdiction requires title to any part of the Trust Estate to be vested in a trustee or trustees, in which case title shall be deemed to be vested in the Owner Trustee, a co-trustee or a separate trustee, as the case may be.

Section 2.09.  Situs of Trust.  The Trust will be located in the State of Delaware.  All bank accounts maintained by the Owner Trustee on behalf of the Trust shall be located in the State of Delaware or the State of New York.  The Trust shall not have any employees; provided, however, that nothing herein shall restrict or prohibit the Owner Trustee from having employees within or without the State of Delaware.  Payments will be received by the Trust only in the State of Delaware or the State of New York, and payments will be made by the Trust only from the State of Delaware or the State of New York.  The only office of the Trust will be at the Corporate Trust Office in the State of Delaware.

Section 2.10.  Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Depositor.  The Depositor hereby represents and warrants to the Owner Trustee that:

indenture, agreement or other instrument to which the Depositor is a party or by which it is bound; nor result in the creation or imposition of any Lien upon any of its properties pursuant to the terms of any such indenture, agreement or other instrument (other than pursuant to the Basic Documents); nor violate any law or, to the best of the Depositor’s knowledge, any order, rule or regulation applicable to the Depositor of any court or of any federal or state regulatory body, administrative agency or other governmental instrumentality having jurisdiction over the Depositor or its properties.

Section 2.11.  Federal Income Tax Allocations.  If the Trust Certificates are held by more than one Person, for federal income tax purposes each item of income, gain, loss, credit and deduction shall be allocated to the Certificateholders as of the first Record Date following the end of such month in proportion to their Certificate Percentage Interests on such Record Date.  The Depositor is authorized to modify the allocations in this paragraph if necessary or appropriate, in its sole discretion, for the allocations to fairly reflect the economic income, gain or loss to the Certificateholders or otherwise required by the Code.  Notwithstanding anything provided in this Section, if the Trust Certificates are held solely by the Depositor, the application of this Section shall be disregarded.

Section 3.01.  Initial Ownership.  Upon the formation of the Trust by the contribution by the Depositor pursuant to Section 2.05 and until the issuance of the Trust Certificates, the Depositor shall be the sole beneficiary of the Trust.

Section 3.02.  The Trust Certificates.  The Trust Certificates shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A.  The Trust Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the Trust by manual or facsimile signature of a Trust Officer of the Owner Trustee.  Trust Certificates bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were, at the time when such signatures

shall have been affixed, authorized to sign on behalf of the Trust, shall be validly issued and entitled to the benefit of this Agreement and shall be valid and binding obligations of the Trust, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them shall have ceased to be so authorized prior to the authentication and delivery of such Trust Certificates or did not hold such offices at the date of authentication and delivery of such Trust Certificates.

If a transfer of the Trust Certificates is permitted pursuant to Section 3.11, a transferee of a Trust Certificate shall become a Certificateholder and shall be entitled to the rights and subject to the obligations of a Certificateholder hereunder upon such transferee’s acceptance of a Trust Certificate duly registered in such transferee’s name pursuant to Section 3.04.

Section 3.03.  Execution, Authentication and Delivery of Trust Certificates.  On the Closing Date, the Owner Trustee shall cause the Trust Certificates in an aggregate Certificate Percentage Interest equal to 100% to be executed on behalf of the Trust, authenticated by or on behalf of the Trust and delivered to or upon the written order of the Depositor, without further action by the Depositor, in authorized denominations.  No Trust Certificate shall entitle its Holder to any benefit under this Agreement or be valid for any purpose unless there shall appear on such Trust Certificate a certificate of authentication substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit A, executed by the Owner Trustee or U.S. Bank National Association, as the Trust’s authenticating agent, by manual signature; such authentication shall constitute conclusive evidence that such Trust Certificate shall have been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder.  All Trust Certificates shall be dated the date of their authentication.  U.S. Bank National Association is hereby appointed as an authenticating agent on behalf of the Trust.

Section 3.04.  Registration of Transfer and Exchange of Trust Certificates.  The Certificate Registrar shall keep or cause to be kept, at the office or agency maintained pursuant to Section 3.08, a Certificate Register in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Owner Trustee shall provide for the registration of Trust Certificates and of transfers and exchanges of Trust Certificates as herein provided.  U.S. Bank National Association shall be the initial Certificate Registrar.

Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Trust Certificate at the office or agency maintained pursuant to Section 3.08, the Owner Trustee shall execute, authenticate and deliver (or the Trust shall cause U.S. Bank National Association, as its authenticating agent to authenticate and deliver), in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Trust Certificates of a like Certificate Percentage Interest dated the date of authentication by the Owner Trustee or any authenticating agent.  At the option of a Certificateholder, Trust Certificates may be exchanged for other Trust Certificates of a like aggregate Certificate Percentage Interest upon surrender of the Trust Certificates to be exchanged at the office or agency maintained pursuant to Section 3.08.

Every Trust Certificate presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in the form attached hereto duly executed by the related Certificateholder or such Certificateholder’s attorney duly authorized in writing.  Each Trust Certificate surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange

shall be cancelled and subsequently disposed of by the Owner Trustee in accordance with its customary practice.

No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of Trust Certificates, but the Owner Trustee or the Certificate Registrar may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any transfer or exchange of Trust Certificates.

The preceding provisions of this Section notwithstanding, the Owner Trustee shall not make, and the Certificate Registrar shall not register transfers or exchanges of, Trust Certificates for a period of 15 days preceding the due date for any payment with respect to the Trust Certificates.

The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the transfer of the Trust Certificates.

Section 3.05.  Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Trust Certificates.  If (a) any mutilated Trust Certificate shall be surrendered to the Certificate Registrar, or if the Certificate Registrar shall receive evidence to its satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Trust Certificate and (b) there shall be delivered to the Certificate Registrar and the Owner Trustee such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them harmless, then in the absence of notice that such Trust Certificate has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Owner Trustee on behalf of the Trust shall execute and the Owner Trustee or U.S. Bank National Association, as the Trust’s authenticating agent, shall authenticate and deliver, in exchange for or in lieu of any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Trust Certificate, a new Trust Certificate of like tenor and denomination.  In connection with the issuance of any new Trust Certificate under this Section, the Owner Trustee or the Certificate Registrar may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection therewith.  Any duplicate Trust Certificate issued pursuant to this Section shall constitute conclusive evidence of ownership in the Trust, as if originally issued, whether or not the lost, stolen or destroyed Trust Certificate shall be found at any time.

Section 3.06.  Persons Deemed Owners.  Prior to due presentation of a Trust Certificate for registration of transfer, the Owner Trustee, the Certificate Registrar, any Paying Agent and any of their respective agents may treat the Person in whose name any Trust Certificate is registered in the Certificate Register as the owner of such Trust Certificate for the purpose of receiving distributions pursuant to Section 5.02 and for all other purposes whatsoever, and none of the Owner Trustee, the Certificate Registrar, any Paying Agent or any of their respective agents shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

Section 3.07.  Access to List of Certificateholders’ Names and Addresses.  The Certificate Registrar shall furnish or cause to be furnished to the Servicer, the Paying Agent and the Depositor, within 15 days after receipt by the Certificate Registrar of a written request therefor from the Servicer, the Paying Agent or the Depositor, a list, in such form as the requesting party may reasonably request, of the names and addresses of the Certificateholders as of the most recent Record Date.  The Certificate Registrar shall also furnish to Owner Trustee and the Paying Agent a copy of such list after there is a change therein.  If (i) three or more

Certificateholders or (ii) one or more Holders of Trust Certificates evidencing not less than 51% of the Certificate Percentage Interests apply in writing to the Owner Trustee, and such application states that the applicants desire to communicate with other Certificateholders with respect to their rights under this Agreement or under the Trust Certificates and such application is accompanied by a copy of the communication that such applicants propose to transmit, then the Owner Trustee shall, within five Business Days after the receipt of such application, afford such applicants access during normal business hours to the current list of Certificateholders.  Each Certificateholder, by receiving and holding a Trust Certificate, shall be deemed to have agreed not to hold any of the Depositor, the Certificate Registrar or the Owner Trustee accountable by reason of the disclosure of its name and address, regardless of the source from which such information was derived.  The Certificate Registrar shall upon the request of the Owner Trustee provide such list, or access to such list, of Certificateholders as contemplated by this Section.

Section 3.08.  Maintenance of Office or Agency.  The Certificate Registrar shall designate an office or offices or agency or agencies where Trust Certificates may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange of the Trust Certificates and the Basic Documents may be served.  The Depositor initially designates the Indenture Trustee’s applicable Corporate Trust office as the office for such purposes.  The Certificate Registrar shall give prompt written notice to the Depositor and the Certificateholders of any change in the location of the Certificate Register or any such office or agency.  To the extent the Owner Trustee is not the Certificate Registrar, the Certificate Registrar agrees to promptly provide the Owner Trustee with any notices or demands received by the Certificate Registrar.

Section 3.09.  Appointment of Paying Agent.  The Paying Agent shall make distributions to Certificateholders from the Certificate Distribution Account pursuant to Section 5.02 and shall report the amounts of such distributions to the Owner Trustee in accordance with the Servicer’s Certificate delivered in accordance with Section 4.09 of the Sale and Servicing Agreement.  Any Paying Agent shall have the revocable power to withdraw funds from the Certificate Distribution Account for the purpose of making the distributions referred to above.  The Owner Trustee or the Depositor may revoke such power and remove the Paying Agent if the Owner Trustee or the Depositor determines in its sole discretion that the Paying Agent shall have failed to perform its obligations under this Agreement in any material respect; provided, however, the Owner Trustee or the Depositor shall have no duty to monitor or oversee the compliance by the Paying Agent of its obligations under this Agreement or any other Basic Document.  The Paying Agent initially shall be U.S. Bank National Association, and any co-paying agent chosen by the Trust.  U.S. Bank National Association shall be permitted to resign as Paying Agent upon 30 days written notice to the Trust, the Depositor and the Owner Trustee.  In the event that U.S. Bank National Association shall no longer be the Paying Agent, the Depositor shall appoint a successor to act as Paying Agent (which shall be a bank or trust company).  The Depositor shall cause such successor Paying Agent or any additional Paying Agent appointed hereunder to execute and deliver to the Trust an instrument in which such successor Paying Agent or additional Paying Agent shall agree with the Trust that, as Paying Agent, such successor Paying Agent or additional Paying Agent will hold all sums, if any, held by it for payment to the Certificateholders in trust for the benefit of the Certificateholders entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Certificateholders.  The Paying Agent shall return all unclaimed funds to the Depositor and upon removal of a Paying Agent such Paying

Agent shall also return all funds in its possession to the Depositor.  The provisions of Sections 7.01, 7.03, 7.04 and 8.01 shall apply to the Owner Trustee also in its role as Paying Agent, for so long as the Owner Trustee shall act as Paying Agent and, to the extent applicable, to any other paying agent appointed hereunder.  Any reference in this Agreement to the Paying Agent shall include any co-paying agent unless the context requires otherwise.

Section 3.10.  Form of Trust Certificates.  The Trust Certificates, upon original issuance, will be issued in the form of typewritten Trust Certificates representing definitive, fully registered Trust Certificates (the “Definitive Trust Certificates”) and shall be registered in the name of BMW FS Securities LLC and BMW Bank of North America as the initial registered owners thereof in Certificate Percentage Interests of 80.934721383% and 19.065278617%, respectively.  The Owner Trustee shall execute and authenticate (or U.S. Bank National Association, as the Trust’s authenticating agent shall authenticate) the Definitive Trust Certificates in accordance with the instructions of the Depositor.  The Depositor hereby orders the Owner Trustee to execute and authenticate (or U.S. Bank National Association, as the Trust’s authenticating agent shall authenticate) the Definitive Trust Certificates.  Neither the Certificate Registrar nor the Owner Trustee shall be liable for any delay in delivery of such instructions and may conclusively rely on, and shall be protected in relying on, such instructions.  Upon the issuance of the Trust Certificates, the Owner Trustee and each Paying Agent shall recognize the Holders of the Trust Certificates as Certificateholders.  The Trust Certificates shall be printed, lithographed or engraved or may be produced in any other manner as is reasonably acceptable to the Owner Trustee, as evidenced by its execution thereof.

Section 3.11.  Transfer Restrictions.  (a) No Trust Certificate may be resold, assigned or transferred (including by pledge or hypothecation) unless such resale, assignment or transfer is (i) pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act and any applicable state securities or “Blue Sky” laws, (ii) pursuant to Rule 144A promulgated under the Securities Act (“Rule 144A”) or (iii) pursuant to another exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act and subject to the receipt by the Owner Trustee, the Certificate Registrar and the Depositor of (A) a certification by each of the prospective transferee and prospective transferor of the facts surrounding such transfer in support of clause (i), (ii) or (iii) above, which certification shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit C or Exhibit E hereto, respectively, and (B)  an opinion of counsel (which will not be at the expense of the Owner Trustee), satisfactory to the Depositor, the Certificate Registrar and the Owner Trustee, to the effect that the transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act, and, in each case, in compliance with any applicable securities or “Blue Sky” laws of any State of the United States of America.  In addition, each transferee shall provide to the Owner Trustee and the Certificate Registrar its tax identification number, address, nominee name (if applicable) and wire transfer instructions.  Prior to any resale, assignment or transfer of the Trust Certificates described in clause (ii) above, each prospective purchaser of the Trust Certificates shall have acknowledged, represented and agreed as follows:

(1)

It is a “qualified institutional buyer” as defined in Rule 144A (“QIB”) and is acquiring the Trust Certificates for its own institutional account (and not for the account of others) or as a fiduciary or agent for others (which others also are QIBs).

(2)

It acknowledges that the Trust Certificates have not been and will not be registered under the Securities Act or the securities laws of any jurisdiction.

(3)

It is familiar with Rule 144A and is aware that the sale is being made in reliance on Rule 144A and it is not acquiring the Trust Certificates with a view to, or for resale in connection with, a distribution that would constitute a public offering within the meaning of the Securities Act or a violation of the Securities Act, and that, if in the future it decides to resell, assign, pledge or otherwise transfer any Trust Certificates, such Trust Certificates may be resold, assigned, pledged or transferred only (i) to the Depositor or any Affiliate thereof, (ii) so long as such Trust Certificate is eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A, to a person whom it reasonably believes after due inquiry is a QIB acting for its own account (and not for the account of others) or as a fiduciary or agent for others (which others also are QIBs) to whom notice is given that the resale, pledge, assignment or transfer is being made in reliance on Rule 144A, (iii) pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or (iv) in a sale, pledge or other transfer made in a transaction otherwise exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, in which case (A) the Owner Trustee shall require that both the prospective transferor and the prospective transferee certify to the Owner Trustee and the Depositor in writing the facts surrounding such transfer, which certification shall be in form and substance satisfactory to the Owner Trustee and the Depositor and (B) the Owner Trustee shall require a written opinion of counsel (which shall not be at the expense of the Depositor or the Owner Trustee) satisfactory to the Depositor and the Owner Trustee to the effect that such transfer will not violate the Securities Act, in each case in accordance with any applicable securities or “Blue Sky” laws of any State of the United States of America.

(4)

It is aware that it (or any account for which it is purchasing) may be required to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Trust Certificates for an indefinite period, and it (or such account) is able to bear such risk for an indefinite period.

(5)

It understands that the Trust Certificates will bear legends substantially as set forth in Section 3.12.

(6)

If it is acquiring any Trust Certificates for the account of one or more qualified institutional buyers, it represents that it has sole investment discretion with respect to each such account and that it has full power to make the foregoing acknowledgements, representations and agreements on behalf of each such account.

(7)

It has neither acquired nor will it transfer any Trust Certificate it purchases (or any interest therein) or cause any such Trust Certificate (or any interest therein) to be marketed on or through an “established securities market” within the meaning of Section 7704(b)(1) of the Code, including, without limitation, an over-the-counter-market or an interdealer quotation system that regularly disseminates firm buy or sell quotations.

(8)

It is acquiring the Certificate for its own accounts and either (A) is not, and will not become, a partnership, Subchapter S corporation or grantor trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes or (B) is such an entity, but none of the direct or indirect beneficial owners of any of the interests in such transferee have allowed or caused, or will allow or cause, 50% or more (or such other percentage as the Depositor may establish prior to the time of such proposed transfer) of the value of such interests to be attributable to such transferee’s ownership of Trust Certificates.

(9)

It understands that no subsequent transfer of the Trust Certificates is permitted unless (A) such transfer is of a Trust Certificate with a Certificate Percentage Interest of at least 5%, (B) it causes its proposed transferee to provide to the Trust and the Depositor a letter substantially in the form of Exhibit C attached hereto, or such other written statement as the Depositor shall prescribe and (C) the Trust consents in writing to the proposed transfer, which consent shall be granted unless the Depositor determines that such transfer would create a risk that the Trust would be classified for federal or any applicable state tax purposes as an association (or a publicly traded partnership) taxable as a corporation; provided, however, that any attempted transfer that would either cause the number of registered holders of Trust Certificates in the aggregate to exceed 100 shall be a void transfer.

(10)

It understands that the Opinion of Counsel to the Trust that the Trust is not a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation is dependent in part on the accuracy of the representations in paragraphs (7), (8) and (9) above.

(11)

It is a “United States person” within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code.

(12)

It acknowledges that the Owner Trustee, the Depositor, and their Affiliates, and others will rely upon the truth and accuracy of the foregoing acknowledgments, representations and agreements.

(13)

It represents and warrants that it is not a Benefit Plan and it is not acquiring and will not hold the Trust Certificate for the account of a Benefit Plan.

(14)

It will not acquire or hold a Trust Certificate if, as a result of being related to a non-United States person that holds Notes, its acquisition or holding of the Trust Certificate would require the Indenture Trustee or the Trust to be obligated to withhold on interest payments on any Note.

Each Person who acquires any Trust Certificate or interest therein will certify that the foregoing conditions are satisfied.

Each transferee of the Trust Certificates shall be required to execute or to have executed a representation letter substantially in the form of Exhibit C, or may deliver such other representations (or an opinion of counsel) as may be approved by the Owner Trustee, the Certificate Registrar and the Depositor, to the effect that such transfer may be made pursuant to

an exemption from registration under the Securities Act and any applicable state securities or “Blue Sky” laws.

In addition, such prospective purchaser shall be responsible for providing additional information or certification, as shall be reasonably requested by the Owner Trustee, the Certificate Registrar or the Depositor, to support the truth and accuracy of the foregoing acknowledgments, representations and agreements, it being understood that such additional information is not intended to create additional restrictions on the transfer of the Trust Certificates.  None of the Depositor, the Trust, the Certificate Registrar or the Owner Trustee shall be obligated to register the Trust Certificates under the Securities Act or any state securities or “Blue Sky” laws.

In determining compliance with the transfer restrictions contained in this Section, the Owner Trustee and the Certificate Registrar may rely upon a written opinion of counsel (which may include in-house counsel of the transferor), the cost of obtaining which shall be an expense of the Holder of the Certificate to be transferred.

Section 3.12.  Legending of Trust Certificates.  Each Trust Certificate shall bear a legend in substantially the following form, unless the Depositor determines otherwise in accordance with applicable law:

THIS TRUST CERTIFICATE HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES OR “BLUE SKY” LAWS OF ANY STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION, AND MAY NOT BE RESOLD, ASSIGNED, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES OR “BLUE SKY” LAWS, PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION THEREFROM OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT THERETO.  IT AGREES, ON ITS OWN BEHALF AND ON BEHALF OF ANY ACCOUNTS FOR WHICH IT IS ACTING AS AGENT, THAT SUCH TRUST CERTIFICATE MAY BE RESOLD, ASSIGNED, PLEDGED OR TRANSFERRED ONLY TO A UNITED STATES PERSON WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 7701(a)(30) OF THE CODE (A) SO LONG AS THE TRUST CERTIFICATE IS ELIGIBLE FOR RESALE PURSUANT TO RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT (“RULE 144A”), TO SUCH PERSON WHOM THE TRANSFEROR REASONABLY BELIEVES AFTER DUE INQUIRY IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A (“QIB”) ACTING FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT (AND NOT FOR THE ACCOUNT OF OTHERS) OR AS A FIDUCIARY OR AGENT FOR OTHERS (WHICH OTHERS ALSO ARE QIBS) TO WHOM NOTICE IS GIVEN THAT THE RESALE, ASSIGNMENT, PLEDGE OR TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN RELIANCE ON RULE 144A, (B) PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR (C) SUCH RESALE, ASSIGNMENT, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS MADE IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM THE REGISTRATION

REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND OTHER SECURITIES OR “BLUE SKY” LAWS, IN SUCH CASE THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR SHALL REQUIRE (I) THAT THE PROSPECTIVE TRANSFEROR AND PROSPECTIVE TRANSFEREE EACH CERTIFY TO THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR AND THE DEPOSITOR IN WRITING THE FACTS SURROUNDING SUCH TRANSFER, WHICH CERTIFICATION SHALL BE IN FORM AND SUBSTANCE SATISFACTORY TO THE OWNER TRUSTEE AND THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR AND (II) IF REQUESTED BY THE OWNER TRUSTEE OR THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR, A WRITTEN OPINION OF COUNSEL (WHICH SHALL NOT BE AT THE EXPENSE OF THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR OR THE DEPOSITOR) SATISFACTORY TO THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR AND THE DEPOSITOR, TO THE EFFECT THAT SUCH TRANSFER WILL NOT VIOLATE THE SECURITIES ACT, IN EACH CASE IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES OR “BLUE SKY” LAWS OF ANY STATE OR JURISDICTION.  ANY ATTEMPTED TRANSFER IN CONTRAVENTION OF THE IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING RESTRICTIONS WILL BE VOID AB INITIO AND THE PURPORTED TRANSFEROR WILL CONTINUE TO BE TREATED AS THE OWNER OF THIS TRUST CERTIFICATE FOR ALL PURPOSES.

THIS TRUST CERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE PURCHASED OR HELD WITH PLAN ASSETS OF ANY OF (I) AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN, AS DEFINED IN SECTION 3(3) OF ERISA, THAT IS SUBJECT TO TITLE I OF ERISA, (II) A PLAN DESCRIBED IN SECTION 4975(e)(1) OF THE CODE, (III) A GOVERNMENTAL OR CHURCH PLAN, AS DEFINED IN SECTIONS 3(32) AND 3(33) OF ERISA, RESPECTIVELY, SUBJECT TO ANY FEDERAL, STATE OR LOCAL LAW WHICH IS SUBSTANTIALLY SIMILAR TO THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 406 OF ERISA OR SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE, (IV) AN ENTITY WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE PLAN ASSETS BY REASON OF A PLAN’S INVESTMENT IN THE ENTITY (WITHIN THE MEANING OF DEPARTMENT OF LABOR REGULATION 29 C.F.R. SECTION 2510.3‑101) OR (V) A PERSON INVESTING “PLAN ASSETS” OF ANY SUCH PLAN OR ENTITY (EACH A “BENEFIT PLAN”).  BY ACCEPTANCE OF THIS TRUST CERTIFICATE OR AN INTEREST THEREIN, THE HOLDER HEREOF SHALL BE DEEMED TO REPRESENT AND WARRANT THAT ITS ACQUISITION AND HOLDING IS IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOREGOING RESTRICTION ON BENEFIT PLAN ASSETS.

Section 4.01.  Prior Notice with Respect to Certain Matters.  With respect to the following matters, the Owner Trustee shall not take action unless at least 30 days before the taking of such action, the Owner Trustee shall have notified each Certificateholder of record as of the proposed action and each Certificateholder shall not have notified the Owner Trustee in writing prior to the 30th day after such notice is given that such Certificateholder has withheld consent or provided alternative direction:

In addition, the Trust shall not commingle its assets with those of any other entity.  The Trust shall maintain its financial and accounting books and records separate from those of any other entity.  Except as expressly set forth herein, the Trust shall not pay the indebtedness, operating expenses and liabilities of any other entity.  The Trust shall maintain appropriate minutes or other records of all appropriate actions and shall maintain its office separate from the offices of the Depositor and the Servicer.

To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Owner Trustee shall not have any power to, and shall not, except upon the written direction of the Certificateholder, (i) remove or replace the Indenture Trustee, (ii) institute proceedings to have the Trust declared or adjudicated bankrupt or insolvent, (iii) consent to the institution of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings against the Trust, (iv) file a petition or consent to a petition seeking reorganization or relief on behalf of the Trust under any applicable federal or state law relating to bankruptcy, (v) consent to the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator (or any similar official) of the Trust or a substantial portion of the property of the Trust, (vi) make any assignment for the benefit of the Trust’s creditors, (vii) cause the Trust to admit in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due or (viii) take any action, or cause the Trust to take any action, in furtherance of any of the foregoing (any of the above, a “Bankruptcy Action”).

Section 4.02.  Action by Certificateholders with Respect to Certain Matters.  The Owner Trustee shall not have the power, except upon the written direction of the Certificateholders, to (a) remove the Administrator under the Administration Agreement pursuant to Section 8 thereof, (b) appoint a successor Administrator pursuant to Section 8 of the Administration Agreement, (c) remove the Servicer under the Sale and Servicing Agreement pursuant to Section 8.02 thereof, (d) amend the Sale and Servicing Agreement pursuant to Section 10.01(b) thereof, or (e) except as expressly provided in the Basic Documents, sell the Receivables after the termination of the Indenture.  The Owner Trustee shall take the actions referred to in the preceding sentence only upon written instructions signed by each Certificateholder.

Section 4.03.  Action by Certificateholders with Respect to Bankruptcy.  To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Owner Trustee shall not have the power to commence a voluntary proceeding in bankruptcy relating to the Trust without the unanimous prior approval of all Certificateholders and the delivery to the Owner Trustee by each such Certificateholder of a certification certifying that such Certificateholder reasonably believes that the Trust is insolvent provided, that, for so long as the Indenture remains in effect, no Certificateholder shall have the

power to take, and shall not take, any Bankruptcy Action with respect to the Trust or direct the Owner Trustee to take any Bankruptcy Action with respect to the Trust.

Section 4.04.  Restrictions on Certificateholders’ Power.  The Certificateholders shall not direct the Owner Trustee to take or to refrain from taking any action if such action or inaction would be contrary to any obligation of the Trust or the Owner Trustee under this Agreement or any of the Basic Documents or would be contrary to Section 2.03; nor shall the Owner Trustee be obligated to follow any such direction, if given.

Section 4.05.  Majority Control.  Except as expressly provided herein, any action that may be taken by the Certificateholders under this Agreement may be taken by the Holders of Trust Certificates evidencing not less than a majority of the aggregate Certificate Percentage Interest.  Except as expressly provided herein, any written notice of the Certificateholders delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall be effective if signed by Holders of Trust Certificates evidencing not less than a majority of the aggregate Certificate Percentage Interest at the time of the delivery of such notice.

Section 4.06.  Compliance with the FDIC Rule.  The Owner Trustee shall (i) perform the covenants sets forth in Article XII of the Indenture applicable to it and (ii) use reasonable efforts to comply with any request of the Depositor, BMW Bank or the Servicer to facilitate compliance with Article XII of the Indenture by the FDIC Rule Parties.

Section 5.01.  Establishment of Trust Account.  The Paying Agent shall establish and maintain in the name of the Trust an Eligible Deposit Account (the “Certificate Distribution Account”), bearing a designation clearly indicating that the funds deposited therein are held for the benefit of the Certificateholders.  The title of the Certificate Distribution Account shall be “BMW Vehicle Owner Trust 2016-A: Certificate Distribution Account for the benefit of the Certificateholders”.  The Trust shall possess all right, title and interest in all funds on deposit from time to time in the Certificate Distribution Account and in all proceeds thereof.  Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, the Certificate Distribution Account shall be under the sole dominion and control of the Paying Agent for the benefit of the Certificateholders.  If, at any time, the Certificate Distribution Account ceases to be an Eligible Deposit Account, the Paying Agent shall within 10 Business Days (or such longer period, not to exceed 30 calendar days, as to which each Rating Agency may consent) establish a new Certificate Distribution Account, as applicable, as an Eligible Deposit Account and shall transfer any cash or any investments to such new Certificate Distribution Account.

Section 5.02.  Application of Trust Funds.

applicable, with respect to such Payment Date pro rata, based upon each Certificateholder’s Certificate Percentage Interest.

Section 5.03.  Method of Payment.  Subject to Section 9.01(c), distributions required to be made to Certificateholders on any Payment Date shall be made to each Certificateholder of record on the preceding Record Date either by wire transfer, in immediately available funds, to the account of such Certificateholder at a bank or other entity having appropriate facilities therefor, if (a) such Certificateholder shall have provided to the Certificate Registrar and the Paying Agent appropriate written instructions at least five Business Days prior to such Payment Date and (b) such Certificateholder is the Depositor, or an Affiliate thereof, or, if not, by check mailed to such Certificateholder at the address of such Certificateholder appearing in the Certificate Register. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the final payment on the Certificates shall be made only upon presentation and surrender of such Certificates at the office or agency specified in the notice of final payment to the Certificateholders. The Owner Trustee or a Paying Agent shall, upon receipt of 45 days’ notice from the Issuer or the Administrator, provide such notice to the Certificateholder of record not more than 30 days and not less than 15 days prior to the date on which such final payment is expected to occur.

Section 5.04.  Accounting and Reports to Certificateholders, the Internal Revenue Service and Others.  At such time as there is more than one Certificateholder (for tax purposes) the Administrator shall (a) unless otherwise required under the Code, maintain (or cause to be maintained) the books of the Trust on a calendar year basis and the accrual method of accounting, (b) deliver (or cause to be delivered) to each Certificateholder, as may be required by the Code and applicable Treasury Regulations, such information as may be required (including Schedule K-1s to IRS Form 1065 if the Trust is treated as a partnership for tax purposes) to enable each Certificateholder to prepare its federal and state income tax returns, (c) file (or cause to be filed) such tax returns relating to the Trust (including a partnership information return, IRS Form 1065), and make such elections as from time to time may be required or appropriate under any applicable state or federal statute or any rule or regulation thereunder so as to maintain the Trust’s characterization either as a disregarded entity or as a partnership for federal income tax purposes (as appropriate) and (d) cause such tax returns to be signed in the manner required by law.  The parties to this Agreement agree and acknowledge that the Administrator shall perform the duties and obligations of the Owner Trustee under this Section in accordance with the Administration Agreement and the Owner Trustee has no duty or obligation to monitor or supervise the obligations of the Administrator.

Section 5.05.  Signature on Returns; Tax Matters Partner.

Section 6.01.  General Authority.  The Owner Trustee is authorized and directed to execute and deliver the Basic Documents to which the Trust is to be a party and each certificate or other document attached as an exhibit to or contemplated by the Basic Documents to which the Trust is to be a party, in each case, in such form as the Depositor shall approve, as evidenced conclusively by the Owner Trustee’s execution thereof.  In addition to the foregoing, the Owner Trustee is authorized, but shall not be obligated, to take all actions required of the Trust pursuant to the Basic Documents.  Subject to the requirements for Certificateholder consent contained in this Agreement, the Owner Trustee is further authorized from time to time to take such action as the Administrator recommends with respect to the Basic Documents.

Section 6.02.  General Duties.  It shall be the duty of the Owner Trustee:

Section 6.03.  Action upon Instruction.

Section 6.04.  No Duties Except as Specified in this Agreement or in Instructions.  The Owner Trustee shall not have any duty or obligation to manage, make any payment with respect to, register, record, sell, dispose of, or otherwise deal with the Trust Estate, or to otherwise take or refrain from taking any action under, or in connection with, any document contemplated hereby to which the Owner Trustee is a party, except as expressly provided by the

terms of this Agreement or in any document or written instruction received by the Owner Trustee pursuant to Section 6.03; and no implied duties or obligations shall be read into this Agreement or any Basic Document against the Owner Trustee.  The Owner Trustee shall have no responsibility for filing any financing or continuation statement in any public office at any time or to otherwise perfect or maintain the perfection of any security interest or Lien granted to it hereunder or to prepare or file any Securities and Exchange Commission filing for the Trust or to record this Agreement or any Basic Document.  The Owner Trustee nevertheless agrees that it will, at its own cost and expense, promptly take all action as may be necessary to discharge any Liens on any part of the Trust Estate that result from actions by, or claims against, the Owner Trustee in its individual capacity that are not related to the ownership or the administration of the Trust Estate.

Section 6.05.  No Action Except Under Specified Documents or Instructions.  The Owner Trustee shall not manage, control, use, sell, dispose of or otherwise deal with any part of the Trust Estate except (i) in accordance with the powers granted to and the authority conferred upon the Owner Trustee pursuant to this Agreement, (ii) in accordance with the Basic Documents and (iii) in accordance with any document or instruction delivered to the Owner Trustee pursuant to Section 6.03.

Section 6.06.  Restrictions.  The Owner Trustee shall not take any action that, to its actual knowledge, (a) is inconsistent with the purposes of the Trust set forth in Section 2.03 or (b) would result in the Trust’s becoming taxable as a corporation for federal income tax purposes.  The Certificateholders, the Servicer and the Administrator shall not direct the Owner Trustee to take action that would violate the provisions of this Section.

Section 6.07.  Owner Trustee to Provide Information.  The Owner Trustee shall provide prompt notice to BMW Financial Services NA, LLC and BMW FS Securities LLC (each, a “BMW Party,” and together, the “BMW Parties”) of all demands communicated to the Owner Trustee for the repurchase or replacement of any Receivable and Financed Vehicle for breach of the representations and warranties concerning such Receivable or Financed Vehicle (each, a “Demand”).  Subject to Section 6.03 of this Agreement, the Owner Trustee shall have no obligation to take any other action with respect to a Demand, other than as set forth in the immediately preceding sentence.  However, the Owner Trustee shall, upon written request of either BMW Party, provide notification to the BMW Parties with respect to any actions taken by the Owner Trustee, if any, with respect to any such demand communicated to the Owner Trustee in respect of any Receivable or Financed Vehicle, such notifications to be provided by the Owner Trustee as soon as practicable and in any event within five Business Days of such request or such other time frame as may be mutually agreed to by the Owner Trustee and the applicable BMW Party.  Such notices shall be provided to the BMW Parties at (i) BMW Financial Services NA, LLC at ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, (telecopier no. (▇▇▇) ▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇), Attention: General Counsel, E-mail: ▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇@▇▇▇▇▇.▇▇▇, or at such other address or by such other means of communication as may be specified by BMW Financial Services NA, LLC to the Owner Trustee from time to time, and (ii) BMW FS Securities LLC at ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, Attention: General Counsel, E-mail: ▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇@▇▇▇▇▇.▇▇▇, or at such other address or by such other means of communication as may be specified by BMW FS Securities LLC to the Owner Trustee from time to time.  The Owner Trustee and the Issuer acknowledge and agree that the purpose of this

Section 6.07 is to facilitate compliance by the BMW Parties with Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act, and Items 1104(e) and 1121(c) of Regulation AB (the “Repurchase Rules and Regulations”).  In no event shall the Owner Trustee have any responsibility or liability in connection with any filing required to be made by a securitizer under the Exchange Act or Regulation AB or with any BMW Parties’ compliance with the Repurchase Rules and Regulations.

ARTICLE VII

CONCERNING THE OWNER TRUSTEE

Section 7.01.  Acceptance of Trusts and Duties.  The Owner Trustee accepts the trusts hereby created and agrees to perform its duties hereunder with respect to such trusts, but only upon the terms of this Agreement.  The Owner Trustee also agrees to disburse all moneys actually received by it constituting part of the Trust Estate upon the terms of the Basic Documents and this Agreement.  The Owner Trustee shall not be answerable or accountable hereunder or under any Basic Document under any circumstances, except (i) for its own willful misconduct, bad faith or gross negligence or (ii) in the case of the inaccuracy of any representation or warranty contained in Section 7.03 expressly made by the Owner Trustee.  In particular, but not by way of limitation (and subject to the exceptions set forth in the preceding sentence):

Section 7.02.  Furnishing of Documents.  The Owner Trustee shall furnish to the Certificateholders, promptly upon receipt of a written request therefor, duplicates or copies of all reports, notices, requests, demands, certificates, financial statements and any other instruments furnished to the Owner Trustee under the Basic Documents.

Section 7.03.  Representations and Warranties.  The Owner Trustee hereby represents and warrants to the Depositor, for the benefit of the Certificateholders, that:

each Rating Agency; (iv) has (or has a parent which has) combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000; and (v) is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authorities.

Section 7.04.  Reliance; Advice of Counsel.

Section 7.05.  Not Acting in Individual Capacity.  Except as provided in this Article VII, in accepting the trusts hereby created, Wilmington Trust, National Association acts solely as Owner Trustee hereunder and not in its individual capacity, and all Persons having any claim against the Owner Trustee by reason of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any Basic Document shall look only to the Trust Estate for payment or satisfaction thereof.

Section 7.06.  Owner Trustee Not Liable for Trust Certificates or for Receivables.  The recitals contained herein and in the Trust Certificates (other than the signature and countersignature of the Owner Trustee on the Trust Certificates) shall be taken as the statements of the Depositor, and the Owner Trustee assumes no responsibility for the correctness thereof.  Except as set forth in Section 7.03, the Owner Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Agreement, of any Basic Document or of the Trust Certificates (other than the signature and countersignature of the Owner Trustee on the Trust Certificates) or the Notes, or of any Receivable or related documents.  The Owner Trustee shall at no time have any responsibility or liability for or with respect to the legality, validity and enforceability of any Receivable or the perfection and priority of any security interest created by any Receivable in any Financed Vehicle or the maintenance of any such perfection and priority, or for or with respect to the sufficiency of the Trust Estate or its ability to generate the payments to be distributed to the Certificateholders under this Agreement or the Noteholders under the Indenture, including, without limitation: the existence, condition and ownership of any Financed

Vehicle; the existence and enforceability of any insurance thereon; the existence and contents of any Receivable on any computer or other record thereof; the validity of the assignment of any Receivable to the Trust or of any intervening assignment; the completeness of any Receivable; the performance or enforcement of any Receivable; the compliance by the Depositor or the Servicer with any warranty or representation made under any Basic Document or in any related document or the accuracy of any such warranty or representation, or any action of the Administrator, the Indenture Trustee or the Servicer or any subservicer taken in the name of the Owner Trustee.

Section 7.07.  Owner Trustee May Own Trust Certificates and Notes.  The Owner Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Trust Certificates or Notes and may deal with the Depositor, the Administrator, the Indenture Trustee and the Servicer in banking transactions with the same rights as it would have if it were not Owner Trustee.

Section 7.08.  Doing Business in Other Jurisdictions.  Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, neither Wilmington Trust, National Association nor the Owner Trustee shall be required to take any action in any jurisdiction other than in the State of Delaware if the taking of such action will (i) require the consent or approval or authorization or order of, or the giving of notice to, or the registration with, or the taking of any other action in required by, any state or other governmental authority or agency of any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware; (ii) result in any fee, tax or other governmental charge under the laws of any jurisdiction or any political subdivisions thereof in existence on the date hereof other than the State of Delaware becoming payable by Wilmington Trust, National Association or the Owner Trustee; or (iii) subject Wilmington Trust, National Association or the Owner Trustee to personal jurisdiction in any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware for causes of action arising from acts unrelated to the consummation of the transactions by Wilmington Trust, National Association or the Owner Trustee, as the case may be, contemplated hereby.  The Owner Trustee shall be entitled to obtain advice of counsel (which advice shall be an expense of the Administrator under Section 8.01 of this Agreement) to determine whether any action required to be taken pursuant to the Agreement results in the consequences described in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) of the preceding sentence.  In the event that said counsel advises the Owner Trustee that such action will result in such consequences, the Owner Trustee will appoint an additional trustee pursuant to Section 10.05 hereof to proceed with such action.

Section 7.09.  Paying Agent; Authenticating Agent.  The rights and protections afforded to the Owner Trustee pursuant to Article VII and Sections 8.02, 10.02, and 10.03 shall also be afforded to the Paying Agent, authenticating agent and Certificate Registrar.

Section 7.10.  Licenses.  The Owner Trustee shall cooperate with and act at the written direction of the Administrator in assisting the Administrator in carrying out the Administrator’s obligation to cause the Trust to maintain the effectiveness of all sales finance company licenses required under the Maryland Code and all licenses required under the Pennsylvania Motor Vehicle Sales Finance Act (including executing on behalf of the Trust any license applications required to be signed by the Trust that are presented to the Owner Trustee by the Administrator in execution form), in connection with this Agreement and the other Basic

Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby until such time as the Trust shall terminate in accordance with the terms hereof.

ARTICLE VIII

COMPENSATION OF OWNER TRUSTEE

Section 8.01.  Owner Trustee’s Fees and Expenses.  The Issuer shall pay to the Owner Trustee as compensation for its services hereunder such fees as have been separately agreed upon before the date hereof between BMW Financial Services NA, LLC and the Owner Trustee, and the Issuer shall reimburse the Owner Trustee for its other reasonable expenses hereunder, including the reasonable compensation, expenses and disbursements of such agents, representatives, experts and counsel as the Owner Trustee may employ in connection with the exercise and performance of its rights and its duties hereunder and under the Basic Documents; provided that the annual fees payable to the Owner Trustee with respect to the period ending on the Payment Date in August 2017 shall be paid by BMW Financial Services NA, LLC on the Closing Date.  Any such payments to be made by the Issuer shall be made in accordance with Section 5.06 of the Sale and Servicing Agreement or Section 5.04(b) of the Indenture, as applicable.

Section 8.02.  Indemnification.  The Issuer shall be liable as primary obligor for, and shall indemnify Wilmington Trust, National Association, both individually and as the Owner Trustee, and its successors, assigns, agents and servants (collectively, the “Indemnified Parties”) from and against, any and all liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, taxes, claims, actions and suits, and any and all reasonable costs, expenses and disbursements (including reasonable legal fees and expenses (including reasonable legal fees and expenses incurred in connection with the enforcement of its rights under this Agreement)) of any kind and nature whatsoever (collectively, “Expenses”) which may at any time be imposed on, incurred by, or asserted against the Owner Trustee or any Indemnified Party in any way relating to or arising out of this Agreement, the Basic Documents, the Trust Estate, the administration of the Trust Estate or the action or inaction of the Owner Trustee hereunder, except only that the Issuer shall not be liable for or required to indemnify an Indemnified Party from and against Expenses arising or resulting from any of the matters described in the third sentence of Section 7.01.  The indemnities contained in this Section shall survive the resignation or termination of the Owner Trustee or the termination of this Agreement.  In any event of any claim, action or proceeding for which indemnity will be sought pursuant to this Section, the Indemnified Party’s choice of legal counsel shall be subject to the approval of the Issuer and the Depositor, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld.

Section 8.03.  Payments to the Owner Trustee.  Any fees, expenses and indemnification amounts due to the Owner Trustee will be paid to the Owner Trustee in accordance with the terms of Section 5.06(b) of the Sale and Servicing Agreement or Section 5.04(b) of the Indenture, as applicable.  The Depositor shall cause the Administrator to promptly pay to the Owner Trustee the amount of any fees, expenses and indemnification amounts due and payable to the Owner Trustee on a Payment Date and not otherwise paid or reimbursed to the Owner Trustee by the Issuer on such Payment Date in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and Section 5.06(b) of the Sale and Servicing Agreement or Section 5.04(b) of the

Indenture, as applicable; provided that the Owner Trustee shall promptly reimburse the Administrator for any such amounts to the extent such party subsequently receives payment or reimbursement in respect thereof from the Issuer in accordance with the terms of Section 5.06(b) of the Sale and Servicing Agreement or Section 5.04(b) of the Indenture, as applicable.

ARTICLE IX

TERMINATION OF TRUST AGREEMENT

Section 9.01.  Termination of Trust Agreement.

In the event that all of the Certificateholders shall not surrender their Trust Certificates for cancellation within six months after the date specified in the above mentioned written notice, the Owner Trustee shall give a second written notice to the remaining Certificateholders to surrender their Trust Certificates for cancellation and receive the final distribution with respect thereto.  If within one year after the second notice all the Trust Certificates shall not have been surrendered for cancellation, the Owner Trustee may take appropriate steps, or may appoint an agent to take appropriate steps, to contact the remaining Certificateholders concerning surrender of their Trust Certificates, and the cost thereof shall be

paid out of the funds and other assets that shall remain subject to this Agreement.  Any funds remaining in the Trust after exhaustion of such remedies shall be distributed by the Owner Trustee to the Depositor, subject to applicable escheat laws.

ARTICLE X

SUCCESSOR OWNER TRUSTEES AND ADDITIONAL OWNER TRUSTEES

Section 10.01.  Eligibility Requirements for Owner Trustee.  The Owner Trustee shall (i) be a corporation satisfying the provisions of Section 3807(a) of the Statutory Trust Statute; (ii) at all times be able and authorized to exercise corporate trust powers; (iii) have (or have a parent which has) a long‑term debt rating of at least investment grade by each Rating Agency or such other ratings for which the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to each Rating Agency; (iv) have (or have a parent which has) combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000; and (v) be subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authorities.  If the Owner Trustee shall publish reports of condition at least annually pursuant to law or to the requirements of the aforesaid supervising or examining authority, then for the purpose of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of the Owner Trustee shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published.  In case at any time the Owner Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, the Owner Trustee shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in Section 10.02.

Section 10.02.  Resignation or Removal of Owner Trustee.  The Owner Trustee may at any time resign and be discharged from the trusts hereby created by giving written notice thereof to the Administrator and the Indenture Trustee.  Upon receiving such notice of resignation, the Administrator shall promptly appoint a successor Owner Trustee by written instrument, in duplicate, one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the resigning Owner Trustee and one copy to the successor Owner Trustee.  If no successor Owner Trustee shall have been so appointed and have accepted appointment within 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Owner Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Owner Trustee.

If at any time the Owner Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of Section 10.01 and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Administrator, or if at any time the Owner Trustee shall be legally unable to act, or shall be adjudged bankrupt or insolvent, or a receiver of the Owner Trustee or of its property shall be appointed, or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Owner Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation, then the

Administrator may remove the Owner Trustee.  If the Administrator shall remove the Owner Trustee under the authority of the immediately preceding sentence, the Administrator shall promptly appoint a successor Owner Trustee by written instrument, in duplicate, one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the outgoing Owner Trustee so removed and one copy to the successor Owner Trustee, and shall pay all fees owed to the outgoing Owner Trustee.

Any resignation or removal of the Owner Trustee and appointment of a successor Owner Trustee pursuant to any of the provisions of this Section shall not become effective until acceptance of appointment by the successor Owner Trustee pursuant to Section 10.03 and payment of all fees and expenses owed to the outgoing Owner Trustee.  The Administrator shall make notice of such resignation or removal of the Owner Trustee available to each Rating Agency.  Any costs associated with the resignation or removal of the Owner Trustee shall be paid by the Administrator.

Section 10.03.  Successor Owner Trustee.  Any successor Owner Trustee appointed pursuant to Section 10.01 or 10.02 shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Administrator and to its predecessor Owner Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment under this Agreement, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the predecessor Owner Trustee shall become effective, and such successor Owner Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become fully vested with all the rights, powers, duties and obligations of its predecessor under this Agreement, with like effect as if originally named as Owner Trustee.  The predecessor Owner Trustee shall, upon payment of its fees and expenses, deliver to the successor Owner Trustee all documents and statements and monies held by it under this Agreement; and the Administrator and the predecessor Owner Trustee shall execute and deliver such instruments and do such other things as may reasonably be required for fully and certainly vesting and confirming in the successor Owner Trustee all such rights, powers, duties and obligations.

No successor Owner Trustee shall accept appointment as provided in this Section unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Owner Trustee shall be eligible pursuant to Section 10.01.

Upon acceptance of appointment by a successor Owner Trustee pursuant to this Section, the Administrator shall mail notice thereof to all Certificateholders, the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee, the Noteholders and the Rating Agencies.  If the Administrator shall fail to mail such notice within 10 days after acceptance of such appointment by the successor Owner Trustee, the successor Owner Trustee shall cause such notice to be mailed at the expense of the Administrator.

Any successor Owner Trustee appointed pursuant to this Section 10.03 shall promptly file an amendment to the Certificate of Trust with the Secretary of State identifying the name and principal place of business of such successor Owner Trustee in the State of Delaware.

Section 10.04.  Merger or Consolidation of Owner Trustee.  Any Person into which the Owner Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Owner Trustee shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to all or substantially all of the statutory trust business of the Owner Trustee, shall be the successor of the Owner Trustee hereunder, without the

execution or filing of any instrument or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding; provided, that such Person shall be eligible pursuant to Section 10.01; and provided further, that the Owner Trustee shall mail notice of such merger or consolidation to the Administrator and the Administrator shall make such notice available to each Rating Agency; and provided further, that such successor Owner Trustee shall file an amendment to the Certificate of Trust as described in Section 10.03.

Section 10.05.  Appointment of Co-Trustee or Separate Trustee.  Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement, at any time, for the purpose of meeting any legal requirements of any jurisdiction in which any part of the Trust Estate or any Financed Vehicle may at the time be located, the Administrator and the Owner Trustee acting jointly shall have the power and shall execute and deliver all instruments to appoint one or more Persons approved by the Administrator and Owner Trustee to act as co-trustee, jointly with the Owner Trustee, or as separate trustee or separate trustees, of all or any part of the Trust Estate, and to vest in such Person, in such capacity, such title to the Trust Estate or any part thereof and, subject to the other provisions of this Section, such powers, duties, obligations, rights and trusts as the Administrator and the Owner Trustee may consider necessary or desirable.  If the Administrator shall not have joined in such appointment within 15 days after the receipt by it of a request so to do, the Owner Trustee alone shall have the power to make such appointment.  No co-trustee or separate trustee under this Agreement shall be required to meet the terms of eligibility as a successor Owner Trustee pursuant to Section 10.01 and no notice of the appointment of any co-trustee or separate trustee shall be required pursuant to Section 10.03.

Each separate trustee and co-trustee shall, to the extent permitted by law, be appointed and act subject to the following provisions and conditions:

Any notice, request or other writing given to the Owner Trustee shall be deemed to have been given to each of the then separate trustees and co-trustees, as effectively as if given to each of them.  Every instrument appointing any separate trustee or co-trustee shall refer to this Agreement and the conditions of this Article.  Each separate trustee and co-trustee, upon its acceptance of the trusts conferred, shall be vested with the estates or property specified in its

instrument of appointment, either jointly with the Owner Trustee or separately, as may be provided therein, subject to all the provisions of this Agreement, specifically including every provision of this Agreement relating to the conduct of, affecting the liability of, or affording protection to, the Owner Trustee.  Each such instrument shall be filed with the Owner Trustee and a copy thereof given to the Administrator.

Any separate trustee or co-trustee may at any time appoint the Owner Trustee as its agent or attorney-in-fact with full power and authority, to the extent not prohibited by law, to do any lawful act under or in respect of this Agreement on its behalf and in its name.  If any separate trustee or co-trustee shall die, become incapable of acting, resign or be removed, all of its estates, properties, rights, remedies and trusts shall vest in and be exercised by the Owner Trustee, to the extent permitted by law, without the appointment of a new or successor co-trustee or separate trustee.

ARTICLE XI

MISCELLANEOUS

Section 11.01.  Supplements and Amendments.  This Agreement may be amended by the Depositor and the Owner Trustee, with prior written notice made available by the Administrator to each Rating Agency, without the consent of any of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders, to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provisions in this Agreement or for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions in this Agreement or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders; provided, however, that such action shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel with respect to such amendment, adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Noteholder or Certificateholder; provided, further, that such amendment shall be deemed not to adversely affect in any material respect the interest of any Noteholder or Certificateholder and no Opinion of Counsel shall be required if the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to each Rating Agency.

This Agreement may also be amended from time to time by the Depositor and the Owner Trustee, with prior written notice made available by the Administrator to each Rating Agency, with the consent of the Holders (as defined in the Indenture) of Notes evidencing not less than a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes and the consent of the Holders of Trust Certificates evidencing not less than a majority of the aggregate Certificate Percentage Interest, for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Agreement or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders; provided, however, that no such amendment shall (a) increase or reduce in any manner the amount of, or accelerate or delay the timing of, collections of payments on Receivables or distributions that shall be required to be made for the benefit of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders or (b) reduce the aforesaid percentage of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes and the Certificate Percentage Interest required to consent to any such amendment, without the consent of the Holders of all then-outstanding Notes and Trust Certificates.

Promptly after the execution of any such amendment or consent, the Owner Trustee shall furnish written notification of the substance of such amendment or consent to each Certificateholder, the Indenture Trustee and the Administrator, and the Administrator shall make such notice available to each Rating Agency.

It shall not be necessary for the consent of Certificateholders or Noteholders pursuant to this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or consent, but it shall be sufficient if such consent shall approve the substance thereof.  The manner of obtaining such consents (and any other consents of Certificateholders provided for in this Agreement or in any other Basic Document) and of evidencing the authorization of the execution thereof by Certificateholders shall be subject to such reasonable requirements as the Owner Trustee may prescribe.

Promptly after the execution of any amendment to the Certificate of Trust, the Owner Trustee shall cause the filing of such amendment with the Secretary of State.

Prior to the execution of any amendment to this Agreement or the Certificate of Trust, the Owner Trustee (and the Paying Agent and Certificate Registrar) shall be entitled to receive and rely upon an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such amendment is authorized or permitted by this Agreement and an Officer’s Certificate from the Depositor stating that all the conditions precedent to the execution and delivery of such amendment have been met.  The Owner Trustee, Paying Agent, Certificate Registrar and authenticating agent may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such amendment that affects their respective rights, duties or immunities under this Agreement or otherwise.

Section 11.02.  No Legal Title to Trust Estate in Certificateholders.  Neither the Depositor nor the Certificateholders shall have legal title to any part of the Trust Estate.  The Certificateholders shall be entitled to receive distributions with respect to their undivided ownership interest therein only in accordance with Articles V and IX.  No transfer, by operation of law or otherwise, of any right, title or interest of the Certificateholders to and in their ownership interest in the Trust Estate shall operate to terminate this Agreement or the trusts hereunder or entitle any transferee to an accounting or to the transfer to it of legal title to any part of the Trust Estate.

Section 11.03.  Limitations on Rights of Others.  The provisions of this Agreement are solely for the benefit of the Owner Trustee, the Depositor, the Certificateholders, the Administrator and, to the extent expressly provided herein, the Indenture Trustee, the Asset Representations Reviewer and the Noteholders, and nothing in this Agreement, whether express or implied, shall be construed to give to any other Person any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim in the Trust Estate or under or in respect of this Agreement or any covenants, conditions or provisions contained herein.

Section 11.04.  Notices.

to the Owner Trustee shall be deemed given only upon actual receipt by the Owner Trustee), if to the Owner Trustee, addressed to the Corporate Trust Office; if to the Depositor, addressed to ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇; or, as to each party, at such other address as shall be designated by such party in a written notice to each other party.  A copy of any such notice shall also be mailed to the Servicer, addressed to the attention of Vice President - Finance, ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇.

Section 11.05.  Severability.  Any provision of this Agreement that is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof, and any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction.

Section 11.06.  Separate Counterparts.  This Agreement may be executed by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.

Section 11.07.  Successors and Assigns.  All covenants and agreements contained herein shall be binding upon, and inure to the benefit of, each of the Depositor and its permitted assignees, the Owner Trustee and its successors and each Certificateholder and its successors and permitted assigns, all as herein provided.  Any request, notice, direction, consent, waiver or other instrument or action by a Certificateholder shall bind the successors and assigns of such Certificateholder.

Section 11.08.  Covenants of the Depositor.  The Depositor will not at any time petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Trust to invoke the process of any court or government authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Trust under any federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law, or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Trust or any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Trust.

Section 11.09.  No Petition.  To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Owner Trustee, by entering into this Agreement, each Certificateholder, by accepting a Trust Certificate, and the Indenture Trustee and each Noteholder, by accepting the benefits of this Agreement, hereby covenant and agree that they will not, at any time, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Trust or the Depositor to invoke the process of any court or government authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Trust or the Depositor under any federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law, or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Trust or the Depositor or any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Trust or the Depositor.

Section 11.10.  No Recourse.  (a) Each Certificateholder by accepting a Trust Certificate acknowledges that such Trust Certificate represents a beneficial interest in the Trust only and does not represent an interest in or an obligation of the Depositor, the Servicer, the Administrator, the Owner Trustee, the Indenture Trustee or any Affiliate thereof and no recourse may be had against such parties or their assets, except as may be expressly set forth or contemplated in this Agreement, the Trust Certificates or the Basic Documents.

Section 11.11.  Headings.  The headings of the various Articles and Sections herein are for convenience of reference only and shall not define or limit any of the terms or provisions hereof.

Section 11.12.  Governing Law.  THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE, WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISIONS, AND THE OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS.

Section 11.13.  Communications with Rating Agencies.  If the Owner Trustee shall receive any written or oral communication from any Rating Agency (or any of their respective officers, directors or employees) with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby or under the Basic Documents or in any way relating to the Notes, the Owner Trustee agrees to refrain from communicating with such Rating Agency and to promptly (and, in any event, within three (3) Business Days) notify the Administrator of such communication.  The Owner Trustee agrees to coordinate with the Administrator with respect to any communication to a Rating Agency and further agrees that in no event shall the Owner Trustee engage in any oral communication with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby or under the Basic Documents or in any way relating to the Notes with any Rating Agency (or any of their respective officers, directors or employees) without the participation of the Administrator.

ARTICLE XII

COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION AB

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Trust Agreement to be duly executed by their respective officers hereunto duly authorized, as of the day and year first above written.

EXHIBIT A

FORM OF TRUST CERTIFICATE

ASSET BACKED TRUST CERTIFICATE

(This Trust Certificate does not represent an interest in or obligation of BMW FS Securities LLC or any of its Affiliates, except to the extent described below.)

(This Trust Certificate is subordinate to the Notes, as set forth in the Sale and Servicing Agreement.)

THIS TRUST CERTIFICATE HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES OR “BLUE SKY” LAWS OF ANY STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION, AND MAY NOT BE RESOLD, ASSIGNED, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES OR “BLUE SKY” LAWS, PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION THEREFROM OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT THERETO. IT AGREES, ON ITS OWN BEHALF AND ON BEHALF OF ANY ACCOUNTS FOR WHICH IT IS ACTING AS AGENT, THAT SUCH TRUST CERTIFICATE MAY BE RESOLD, ASSIGNED, PLEDGED OR TRANSFERRED ONLY TO A UNITED STATES PERSON WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 7701(a)(30) OF THE CODE (A) SO LONG AS THE TRUST CERTIFICATE IS ELIGIBLE FOR RESALE PURSUANT TO RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT (“RULE 144A”), TO SUCH PERSON WHOM THE TRANSFEROR REASONABLY BELIEVES AFTER DUE INQUIRY IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A (“QIB”) ACTING FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT (AND NOT FOR THE ACCOUNT OF OTHERS) OR AS A FIDUCIARY OR AGENT FOR OTHERS (WHICH OTHERS ALSO ARE QIBS) TO WHOM NOTICE IS GIVEN THAT THE RESALE, ASSIGNMENT, PLEDGE OR TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN RELIANCE ON RULE 144A, (B) PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR (C) SUCH RESALE, ASSIGNMENT, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS MADE IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND OTHER SECURITIES OR “BLUE SKY” LAWS, IN SUCH CASE THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR SHALL REQUIRE (I) THAT THE PROSPECTIVE TRANSFEREE CERTIFY TO THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR AND THE DEPOSITOR IN WRITING THE FACTS SURROUNDING SUCH TRANSFER, WHICH CERTIFICATION SHALL BE IN FORM AND SUBSTANCE SATISFACTORY TO THE OWNER TRUSTEE AND THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR AND (II) IF REQUESTED BY THE OWNER TRUSTEE OR THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR, A WRITTEN OPINION OF COUNSEL (WHICH SHALL NOT BE AT THE EXPENSE OF THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR OR THE DEPOSITOR) SATISFACTORY TO THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR AND THE DEPOSITOR, TO THE EFFECT THAT SUCH

TRANSFER WILL NOT VIOLATE THE SECURITIES ACT, IN EACH CASE IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES OR “BLUE SKY” LAWS OF ANY STATE OR JURISDICTION. ANY ATTEMPTED TRANSFER IN CONTRAVENTION OF THE IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING RESTRICTIONS WILL BE VOID AB INITIO AND THE PURPORTED TRANSFEROR WILL CONTINUE TO BE TREATED AS THE OWNER OF THE TRUST CERTIFICATE FOR ALL PURPOSES.

THIS TRUST CERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE PURCHASED OR HELD WITH PLAN ASSETS OF ANY OF (I) AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN, AS DEFINED IN SECTION 3(3) OF ERISA, THAT IS SUBJECT TO TITLE I OF ERISA, (II) A PLAN DESCRIBED IN SECTION 4975(e)(1) OF THE CODE, (III) A GOVERNMENTAL OR CHURCH PLAN, AS DEFINED IN SECTIONS 3(32) AND 3(33) OF ERISA, RESPECTIVELY, SUBJECT TO ANY FEDERAL, STATE OR LOCAL LAW WHICH IS SUBSTANTIALLY SIMILAR TO THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 406 OF ERISA OR SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE, (IV) AN ENTITY WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE PLAN ASSETS BY REASON OF A PLAN’S INVESTMENT IN THE ENTITY (WITHIN THE MEANING OF DEPARTMENT OF LABOR REGULATION 29 C.F.R. SECTION 2510.3‑101) OR (V) A PERSON INVESTING “PLAN ASSETS” OF ANY SUCH PLAN OR ENTITY (EACH A “BENEFIT PLAN”).  BY ACCEPTANCE OF THIS TRUST CERTIFICATE OR AN INTEREST THEREIN, THE HOLDER HEREOF SHALL BE DEEMED TO REPRESENT AND WARRANT THAT ITS ACQUISITION AND HOLDING IS IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOREGOING RESTRICTION ON BENEFIT PLAN ASSETS.

THIS CERTIFIES THAT [__________] is the registered owner of a [____]% Certificate Percentage Interest that is nonassessable, fully-paid, beneficial ownership interest in certain distributions of BMW Vehicle Owner Trust 2016-A (the “Trust”) formed by BMW FS Securities LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Depositor”).

The Trust was created pursuant to a Trust Agreement dated May 11, 2016 as amended and restated as of July 20, 2016 (the “Trust Agreement”), between the Depositor and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as owner trustee (the “Owner Trustee”), a summary of certain of the pertinent provisions of which is set forth below. To the extent not otherwise defined herein or in the Trust Agreement, the capitalized terms used herein have the meanings assigned to them in the Sale and Servicing Agreement among the Trust, the Depositor, as seller, BMW Financial Services NA, LLC, as Sponsor, Servicer, Administrator and Custodian (the “Servicer”) and U.S. Bank National Association, as Indenture Trustee (“Indenture Trustee”), dated as of July 20, 2016, as the same may be amended or supplemented from time to time.

This Certificate is one of the duly authorized Trust Certificates designated as BMW Vehicle Owner Trust 2016-A Asset Backed Trust Certificates (herein called the “Trust Certificates”). Also issued under the Indenture dated as of July 20, 2016, between the Trust, as issuer and Indenture Trustee, are five classes of Notes designated as 0.62000% Class A-1 Asset Backed Notes (the “Class A-1 Notes”), 0.99% Class A-2a Asset Backed Notes (the “Class A-2a Notes”), LIBOR plus 0.24% Class A-2b Note (the “Class A-2b Notes”), 1.16% Class A-3 Asset Backed Notes (the “Class A-3 Notes”) and 1.37% Class A-4 Asset Backed Notes (the “Class A-4 Notes” and, together with the Class A-1 Notes, the Class A-2a Notes, the Class A-2b Notes and

the Class A-3 Notes, the “Notes”). This Trust Certificate is issued under and is subject to the terms, provisions and conditions of the Trust Agreement, to which Trust Agreement the holder of this Trust Certificate by virtue of the acceptance hereof assents and by which such holder is bound.

Under the Trust Agreement, there will be distributed on the 25th day of each month (or, if such 25th day is not a Business Day, the next Business Day), commencing in August 2016, to the Person in whose name this Trust Certificate is registered at the close of business on the related Record Date, such Certificateholder’s Certificate Percentage Interest in the amount to be distributed to Certificateholders on such date.  Distributions on this Trust Certificate will be made by the Paying Agent by wire transfer or by check mailed to the Certificateholder of record in the Certificate Register on the related Record Date without the presentation or surrender of this Trust Certificate or the making of any notation hereon.  Except as otherwise provided in the Trust Agreement and notwithstanding the above, the final payment on this Trust Certificate will be made after due notice by the Owner Trustee of the pendency of such payment and only upon presentation and surrender of this Trust Certificate at the office or agency maintained for such purpose by the Trust in The City of New York.

The holder of this Trust Certificate acknowledges and agrees that its rights to receive distributions in respect of this Trust Certificate are subordinated to the rights of the Noteholders as described in the Sale and Servicing Agreement, the Indenture and the Trust Agreement, as applicable.

It is the intent of the Depositor, the Servicer and the Certificateholders that, for purposes of federal income, state and local income and franchise tax, until the Trust Certificates are held by other than the Depositor, the Trust will be disregarded as an entity separate from its owner.  At such time that the Trust Certificates are held by more than one person, it is the intent of the Seller, the Servicer and the Certificateholders that, for purposes of federal income, state and local income and franchise tax, the Trust will be treated as a partnership, the assets of which are the assets held by the Trust, and the Certificateholders will be treated as partners in that partnership. The Seller and the other Certificateholders, by acceptance of this Trust Certificate, agree to treat, and to take no action inconsistent with the treatment of, the Trust Certificates as such for tax purposes.

Each Certificateholder, by its acceptance of this Trust Certificate, covenants and agrees that such Certificateholder will not at any time petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Trust or the Depositor to invoke the process of any court or government authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Trust or the Depositor under any federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law, or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Trust or the Depositor or any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Trust or the Depositor.

Each Certificateholder by accepting this Trust Certificate acknowledges that such Trust Certificate represents beneficial interests in the Trust only and does not represent interests in or obligations of the Depositor, the Servicer, the Administrator, the Sellers, the Owner Trustee, the Indenture Trustee or any Affiliate thereof and no recourse may be had against such

parties or their assets, except as expressly set forth or contemplated in the Trust Agreement, this Trust Certificate or the Basic Documents.

In furtherance of and not in derogation of the foregoing, to the extent the Depositor enters into other securitization transactions, each Certificateholder, by accepting this Trust Certificate, acknowledges and agrees that it shall have no right, title or interest in or to any assets or interests therein of the Depositor (other than the Trust Estate and Reserve Account relating to this transaction) conveyed or purported to be conveyed by the Depositor to another securitization trust or other Person or Persons in connection therewith (whether by way of a sale, capital contribution or by virtue of the granting of a lien) (“Other Assets”). To the extent that, notwithstanding the agreements and provisions contained herein, a Certificateholder either (i) asserts an interest or claim to, or benefit from, Other Assets, whether asserted against or through the Depositor or any other Person owned by the Depositor, or (ii) is deemed to have any such interest, claim or benefit in or from Other Assets, whether by operation of law, legal process, pursuant to applicable provisions of insolvency laws or otherwise (including by virtue of Section 1111(b) of the Federal Bankruptcy Code or any successor provision having similar effect under the Bankruptcy Code), and whether deemed asserted against or through the Depositor or any other Person owned by the Depositor, then each Certificateholder, by accepting this Trust Certificate, further acknowledges and agrees that any such interest, claim or benefit in or from Other Assets is and shall be expressly subordinated to the indefeasible payment in full of all obligations and liabilities of the Depositor which, under the terms of the relevant documents relating to the securitization of such Other Assets, are entitled to be paid from, entitled to the benefits of, or otherwise secured by such Other Assets (whether or not any such entitlement or security interest is legally perfected or otherwise entitled to priority of distribution or application under applicable law, including insolvency laws, and whether asserted against Depositor or any other Person owned by the Depositor), including the payment of post-petition interest on such other obligations and liabilities. This subordination agreement shall be deemed a subordination agreement within the meaning of Section 510(a) of the Bankruptcy Code. Each Certificateholder, by acceptance of this Trust Certificate, further acknowledges and agrees that no adequate remedy at law exists for a breach of this paragraph and the terms of this paragraph may be enforced by an action for specific performance. The provisions of this paragraph shall be for the third party benefit of those entitled to rely thereon and shall survive the termination of the Trust Agreement.

The Trust Certificates may not be acquired by or for the account of a Benefit Plan.  By accepting and holding this Trust Certificate, the Holder hereof shall be deemed to have represented and warranted that it is not a Benefit Plan.

Unless the certificate of authentication hereon shall have been executed by an authorized officer of Owner Trustee or the Authenticating Agent, by manual signature, this Trust Certificate shall not entitle the holder hereof to any benefit under the Trust Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement or be valid for any purpose.

Each Certificateholder, by acceptance of this Certificate, acknowledges and agrees that the purpose of Article XII of the Indenture is to facilitate compliance with the FDIC Rule by the FDIC Rule Parties and that the interpretations of the requirements of the FDIC Rule may change over time, whether due to interpretive guidance provided by the FDIC or its staff, consensus among participants in the asset-backed securities markets, advice of counsel, or

otherwise, and agrees that the provisions set forth in Article XII of the Indenture shall have the effect and meanings that are appropriate under the FDIC Rule as such effect and meanings change over time on the basis of evolving interpretations of the FDIC Rule.

THIS TRUST CERTIFICATE SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE, WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISIONS, AND THE OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Owner Trustee, on behalf of the Trust and not in its individual capacity, has caused this Trust Certificate to be duly executed.

AUTHENTICATING AGENT’S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

 

This is one of the Trust Certificates referred to in the within-mentioned Trust Agreement.

[Reverse of Trust Certificate]

This Trust Certificate is not guaranteed by any governmental agency or instrumentality and is limited in right of payment to certain collections and recoveries and certain other amounts respecting the assets of the Trust, all as more specifically set forth in the Indenture.  The Depositor will furnish, upon the request of any holder of a Trust Certificate, such information as is specified in paragraph (d)(4) of Rule 144A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with respect to the Issuer.

The Trust Agreement may be amended by the Depositor and the Owner Trustee, in some cases without the consent of any of the Securityholders in the manner set forth therein, and any such amendment will bind each holder and transferee of this Trust Certificate.

As provided in the Trust Agreement, and if the Depositor delivers an Opinion of Counsel that the Trust Certificates are transferable in accordance with the terms set forth therein, which opinion the Depositor has not determined can be given under the Code and existing and proposed regulations thereunder, the transfer of this Trust Certificate is registerable in the Certificate Register upon surrender of this Trust Certificate for registration of transfer at the offices or agencies of the Certificate Registrar maintained by the Certificate Registrar in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Owner Trustee and the Certificate Registrar duly executed by the Certificateholder hereof or such Certificateholder’s attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Trust Certificates of the same class and in authorized denominations evidencing the same aggregate interest in the Issuer will be issued to the designated transferee.  The initial Certificate Registrar appointed under the Trust Agreement is U.S. Bank National Association.

The Trust Certificates are issuable only as registered Trust Certificates without coupons or principal balance.  As provided in the Trust Agreement and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Trust Certificates are exchangeable for new Trust Certificates of authorized denominations evidencing the same aggregate denomination, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same.  No service charge will be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Owner Trustee or the Certificate Registrar may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or governmental charge payable in connection therewith.

The Owner Trustee, the Certificate Registrar and any agent of the Owner Trustee or the Certificate Registrar may treat the Person in whose name this Trust Certificate is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, and none of the Owner Trustee, the Certificate Registrar or any such agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

The obligations and responsibilities created by the Trust Agreement and the trust created thereby shall terminate upon the payment to Certificateholders of all amounts required to be paid to them pursuant to the Trust Agreement and the Indenture and the disposition of all property held as part of the Trust Estate.

EXHIBIT B

ASSIGNMENT

FOR VALUE RECEIVED the undersigned hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto

PLEASE INSERT SOCIAL SECURITY OR

OTHER IDENTIFYING NUMBER OF ASSIGNEE

---

(Please print or type name and address, including postal zip code, of assignee)

the within Trust Certificate, and all rights thereunder, and hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints _______________, attorney, to transfer said Trust Certificate on the books of the Certificate Registrar, with full power of substitution in the premises.

*/ NOTICE: The signature to this assignment must correspond with the name of the registered owner as it appears on the face of the within Trust Certificate in every particular, without alteration, enlargement or any change whatever. Such signature must be guaranteed by an “eligible guarantor institution” meeting the requirements of the Certificate Registrar, which requirements include membership or participation in STAMP or such other “signature guarantee program” as may be determined by the Certificate Registrar in addition to, or in substitution for, STAMP, all in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

EXHIBIT C

FORM OF TRANSFEREE LETTER

[Date]

BMW Vehicle Owner Trust 2016-A,

as Issuer

c/o Wilmington Trust, National Association,

as Owner Trustee

Wilmington Trust, National Association,

as Owner Trustee

U.S. Bank National Association,

as Certificate Registrar

Ladies and Gentlemen:

In connection with our proposed purchase of the ____% Certificate Percentage Interest Asset Backed Trust Certificates (the “Trust Certificates”) of BMW Vehicle Owner Trust 2016-A (the “Issuer”), a trust formed by BMW FS Securities LLC (the “Depositor”), we confirm that:

form and substance satisfactory to the Owner Trustee and the Depositor and (B) the Owner Trustee will require a written opinion of counsel (which shall not be at the expense of the Depositor or the Owner Trustee) satisfactory to the Depositor and the Owner Trustee to the effect that such transfer will not violate the Securities Act, in each case in accordance with any applicable securities or “Blue Sky” laws of any state of the United States.

Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in the Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of July 20, 2016, between the Depositor and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Owner Trustee.

You are entitled to rely upon this letter and are irrevocably authorized to produce this letter or a copy hereof to any interested party in any administrative or legal proceedings or official inquiry with respect to the matters covered hereby.

EXHIBIT D

FORM OF

CERTIFICATE OF TRUST

OF

BMW VEHICLE OWNER TRUST 2016-A

THIS Certificate of Trust of BMW Vehicle Owner Trust 2016-A (the “Trust”) is being duly executed and filed on behalf of the Trust by the undersigned, as trustee, to form a statutory trust under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act (12 Del. C. § 3801 et. seq.) (the “Act”).

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has duly executed this Certificate of Trust in accordance with Section 3811(a)(1) of the Act.

EXHIBIT E

FORM OF TRANSFEROR CERTIFICATE

_______________, ____

 

BMW FS Securities LLC,

as Depositor

Wilmington Trust, National Association,

as Owner Trustee

U.S. Bank National Association,

as Certificate Registrar

Re:

BMW Vehicle Owner Trust 2016-A Asset Backed Certificates

Dear Sirs:

In connection with our disposition of the above-referenced Asset Backed Certificates (the “Certificates”) we certify that (i) we understand that the Certificates have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), and are being transferred by us in a transaction that is exempt from the registration requirements of the Act and (ii) we have not offered or sold any Certificates to, or solicited offers to buy any Certificates from, any person, or otherwise approached or negotiated with any person with respect thereto, in a manner that would be deemed, or taken any other action which would result in, a violation of Section 5 of the Act.