REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
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This Registration Rights Agreement (this "Agreement") is made and entered
into as of October 13, 2006, by and among Astrata Group Incorporated, a Nevada
corporation (the "Company"), and the purchasers listed on Schedule I hereto (the
"Purchasers").
This Agreement is being entered into pursuant to the Series A Convertible
Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of the date hereof among the Company
and the Purchasers (the "Purchase Agreement").
The Company and the Purchasers hereby agree as follows:
1. Definitions.
Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the
meanings given such terms in the Purchase Agreement. As used in this Agreement,
the following terms shall have the following meanings:
"Advice" shall have meaning set forth in Section 3(m).
"Affiliate" means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that
directly or indirectly controls or is controlled by or under common control with
such Person. For the purposes of this definition, "control," when used with
respect to any Person, means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to
direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person,
whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise;
and the terms of "affiliated," "controlling" and "controlled" have meanings
correlative to the foregoing.
"Board" shall have meaning set forth in Section 3(n).
"Business Day" means any day except Saturday, Sunday and any day which
shall be a legal holiday or a day on which banking institutions in the state of
New York generally are authorized or required by law or other government actions
to close.
"Closing Date" means the date of the closing of the purchase and sale of
the Preferred Stock and the Warrants pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.
"Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission.
"Common Stock" means the Company's Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per
share.
"Effectiveness Date" means with respect to the Registration Statement the
earlier of (A) the ninetieth (90th) day following the Closing Date (or in the
event the Registration Statement receives a "full review" by the Commission, the
one hundred twentieth (120th) day following the Closing Date) or (B) the date
which is within three (3) Business Days after the date on which the Commission
informs the Company (i) that the Commission will not review the Registration
Statement or (ii) that the Company may request the acceleration of the
effectiveness of the Registration Statement and the Company makes such request;
provided that, if the Effectiveness Date falls on a Saturday, Sunday or any
other day which shall be a legal holiday or a day on which the Commission is
authorized or required by law or other government actions to close, the
Effectiveness Date shall be the following Business Day.
"Effectiveness Period" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.
"Event" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(e).
"Event Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(e).
"Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
"Filing Date" means the thirtieth (30th) day following the Closing Date;
provided that, if the Filing Date falls on a Saturday, Sunday or any other day
which shall be a legal holiday or a day on which the Commission is authorized or
required by law or other government actions to close, the Filing Date shall be
the following Business Day.
"Holder" or "Holders" means the holder or holders, as the case may be,
from time to time of Registrable Securities.
"Indemnified Party" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(c).
"Indemnifying Party" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(c).
"Losses" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(a).
"Person" means an individual or a corporation, partnership, trust,
incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability
company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or political subdivision
thereof) or other entity of any kind.
"Preferred Stock" means shares of the Company's Series A Convertible
Preferred Stock issued to the Purchasers pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.
"Proceeding" means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding
(including, without limitation, an investigation or partial proceeding, such as
a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.
"Prospectus" means the prospectus included in the Registration Statement
(including, without limitation, a prospectus that includes any information
previously omitted from a prospectus filed as part of an effective registration
statement in reliance upon Rule 430A promulgated under the Securities Act), as
amended or supplemented by any prospectus supplement, with respect to the terms
of the offering of any portion of the Registrable Securities covered by the
Registration Statement, and all other amendments and supplements to the
Prospectus, including post-effective amendments, and all material incorporated
by reference in such Prospectus.
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"Registrable Securities means (i) the shares of Common Stock issuable upon
conversion of the Preferred Stock and (ii) the shares of Common Stock issuable
upon exercise of the Warrants.
"Registration Statement" means the registration statements and any
additional registration statements contemplated by Section 2, including (in each
case) the Prospectus, amendments and supplements to such registration statement
or Prospectus, including pre- and post-effective amendments, all exhibits
thereto, and all material incorporated by reference in such registration
statement.
"Rule 144" means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the
Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar
rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the
same effect as such Rule.
"Rule 158" means Rule 158 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the
Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar
rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the
same effect as such Rule.
"Rule 415" means Rule 415 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the
Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar
rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the
same effect as such Rule.
"Rule 424" means Rule 424 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the
Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar
rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the
same effect as such Rule.
"Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
"Special Counsel" means ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ LLP, for which the
Holders will be reimbursed by the Company pursuant to Section 4.
"Warrants" means the warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock issued to
the Purchasers pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.
2. Resale Registration.
On or prior to the Filing Date, the Company shall prepare and file with
the Commission a "resale" Registration Statement providing for the resale of all
Registrable Securities for an offering to be made on a continuous basis pursuant
to Rule 415. The Registration Statement shall be on Form SB-2 (except if the
Company is not then eligible to register for resale the Registrable Securities
on Form SB-2, in which case such registration shall be on another appropriate
form in accordance herewith and the Securities Act and the rules promulgated
thereunder). Such Registration Statement shall cover to the extent allowable
under the Securities Act and the rules promulgated thereunder (including Rule
416), such indeterminate number of additional shares of Common Stock resulting
from stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions with respect to the
Registrable Securities. The Company shall (i) not permit any securities other
than the Registrable Securities and the securities listed on Schedule II hereto
to be included in the Registration Statement and (ii) use its best efforts to
cause the Registration Statement to be declared effective under the Securities
Act as promptly as possible after the filing thereof, but in any event prior to
the Effectiveness Date, and to keep such Registration Statement continuously
effective under the Securities Act until such date as is the earlier of (x) the
date when all Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement have
been sold or (y) the date on which the Registrable Securities may be sold
without any restriction pursuant to Rule 144(k) as determined by the counsel to
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the Company pursuant to a written opinion letter, addressed to the Company's
transfer agent to such effect (the "Effectiveness Period"). The Company shall
request that the effective time of the Registration Statement is 4:00 p.m.
Eastern Time on the effective date. If at any time and for any reason, an
additional Registration Statement is required to be filed because at such time
the actual number of shares of Common Stock into which the Preferred Stock is
convertible and the Warrants are exercisable plus the number of shares of Common
Stock exceeds the number of shares of Registrable Securities remaining under the
Registration Statement, the Company shall have twenty (20) Business Days to file
such additional Registration Statement, and the Company shall use its best
efforts to cause such additional Registration Statement to be declared effective
by the Commission as soon as possible, but in no event later than sixty (60)
days after filing.
3. Registration Procedures.
In connection with the Company's registration obligations hereunder, the
Company shall:
(a) Prepare and file with the Commission, on or prior to the Filing Date,
a Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (or if the Company is not then eligible to
register for resale the Registrable Securities on Form SB-2 such registration
shall be on another appropriate form in accordance herewith and the Securities
Act and the rules promulgated thereunder) in accordance with the plan of
distribution as set forth on Exhibit A hereto and in accordance with applicable
law, and cause the Registration Statement to become effective and remain
effective as provided herein; provided, however, that not less than five (5)
Business Days prior to the filing of the Registration Statement or any related
Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, the Company shall (i) furnish
to the Holders and any Special Counsel, copies of all such documents proposed to
be filed, which documents will be subject to the review of such Holders and such
Special Counsel, and (ii) cause its officers and directors, counsel and
independent certified public accountants to respond to such inquiries as shall
be necessary, in the reasonable opinion of Special Counsel, to conduct a
reasonable review of such documents. The Company shall not file the Registration
Statement or any such Prospectus or any amendments or supplements thereto to
which the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities or any Special
Counsel shall reasonably object in writing within three (3) Business Days of
their receipt thereof.
(b) (i) Prepare and file with the Commission such amendments, including
post-effective amendments, to the Registration Statement as may be necessary to
keep the Registration Statement continuously effective as to the applicable
Registrable Securities for the Effectiveness Period and prepare and file with
the Commission such additional Registration Statements as necessary in order to
register for resale under the Securities Act all of the Registrable Securities;
(ii) cause the related Prospectus to be amended or supplemented by any required
Prospectus supplement, and as so supplemented or amended to be filed pursuant to
Rule 424 (or any similar provisions then in force) promulgated under the
Securities Act; (iii) respond as promptly as possible, but in no event later
than ten (10) Business Days, to any comments received from the Commission with
respect to the Registration Statement or any amendment thereto and as promptly
as possible provide the Holders true and complete copies of all correspondence
from and to the Commission relating to the Registration Statement; (iv) file the
final prospectus pursuant to Rule 424 of the Securities Act no later than 9:00
a.m. Eastern Time on the Business Day following the date the Registration
Statement is declared effective by the Commission; and (v) comply in all
material respects with the provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act
with respect to the disposition of all Registrable Securities covered by the
Registration Statement during the Effectiveness Period in accordance with the
intended methods of disposition by the Holders thereof set forth in the
Registration Statement as so amended or in such Prospectus as so supplemented.
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(c) Notify the Holders of Registrable Securities and any Special Counsel
as promptly as possible (and, in the case of (i)(A) below, not less than three
(3) Business Days prior to such filing, and in the case of (iii) below, on the
same day of receipt by the Company of such notice from the Commission) and (if
requested by any such Person) confirm such notice in writing no later than one
(1) Business Day following the day (i)(A) when a Prospectus or any Prospectus
supplement or post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement is filed;
(B) when the Commission notifies the Company whether there will be a "review" of
such Registration Statement and whenever the Commission comments in writing on
such Registration Statement and (C) with respect to the Registration Statement
or any post-effective amendment, when the same has become effective; (ii) of any
request by the Commission or any other Federal or state governmental authority
for amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or Prospectus or for
additional information; (iii) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop
order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement covering any or
all of the Registrable Securities or the initiation or threatening of any
Proceedings for that purpose; (iv) if at any time any of the representations and
warranties of the Company contained in any agreement contemplated hereby ceases
to be true and correct in all material respects; (v) of the receipt by the
Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification
or exemption from qualification of any of the Registrable Securities for sale in
any jurisdiction, or the initiation or threatening of any Proceeding for such
purpose; and (vi) of the occurrence of any event that makes any statement made
in the Registration Statement or Prospectus or any document incorporated or
deemed to be incorporated therein by reference untrue in any material respect or
that requires any revisions to the Registration Statement, Prospectus or other
documents so that, in the case of the Registration Statement or the Prospectus,
as the case may be, it will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact
or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to
make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they
were made, not misleading.
(d) Use its best efforts to avoid the issuance of, or, if issued, obtain
the withdrawal of, as promptly as possible, (i) any order suspending the
effectiveness of the Registration Statement or (ii) any suspension of the
qualification (or exemption from qualification) of any of the Registrable
Securities for sale in any jurisdiction.
(e) If requested by the Holders of a majority in interest of the
Registrable Securities, (i) promptly incorporate in a Prospectus supplement or
post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement such information as the
Company reasonably agrees should be included therein and (ii) make all required
filings of such Prospectus supplement or such post-effective amendment as soon
as practicable after the Company has received notification of the matters to be
incorporated in such Prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment.
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(f) If requested by any Holder, furnish to such Holder and any Special
Counsel, without charge, at least one conformed copy of each Registration
Statement and each amendment thereto, including financial statements and
schedules, all documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by
reference, and all exhibits to the extent requested by such Person (including
those previously furnished or incorporated by reference) promptly after the
filing of such documents with the Commission.
(g) Promptly deliver to each Holder and any Special Counsel, without
charge, as many copies of the Prospectus or Prospectuses (including each form of
prospectus) and each amendment or supplement thereto as such Persons may
reasonably request; and subject to the provisions of Sections 3(m) and 3(n), the
Company hereby consents to the use of such Prospectus and each amendment or
supplement thereto by each of the selling Holders in connection with the
offering and sale of the Registrable Securities covered by such Prospectus and
any amendment or supplement thereto.
(h) Prior to any public offering of Registrable Securities, use its best
efforts to register or qualify or cooperate with the selling Holders and any
Special Counsel in connection with the registration or qualification (or
exemption from such registration or qualification) of such Registrable
Securities for offer and sale under the securities or Blue Sky laws of such
jurisdictions within the United States as any Holder requests in writing, to
keep each such registration or qualification (or exemption therefrom) effective
during the Effectiveness Period and to do any and all other acts or things
necessary or advisable to enable the disposition in such jurisdictions of the
Registrable Securities covered by a Registration Statement; provided, however,
that the Company shall not be required to qualify generally to do business in
any jurisdiction where it is not then so qualified or to take any action that
would subject it to general service of process in any such jurisdiction where it
is not then so subject or subject the Company to any material tax in any such
jurisdiction where it is not then so subject.
(i) Cooperate with the Holders to facilitate the timely preparation and
delivery of certificates representing Registrable Securities to be sold pursuant
to a Registration Statement, which certificates, to the extent permitted by the
Purchase Agreement and applicable federal and state securities laws, shall be
free of all restrictive legends, and to enable such Registrable Securities to be
in such denominations and registered in such names as any Holder may request in
connection with any sale of Registrable Securities.
(j) Upon the occurrence of any event contemplated by Section 3(c)(vi), as
promptly as possible, prepare a supplement or amendment, including a
post-effective amendment, to the Registration Statement or a supplement to the
related Prospectus or any document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated
therein by reference, and file any other required document so that, as
thereafter delivered, neither the Registration Statement nor such Prospectus
will contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein,
in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
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(k) Use its best efforts to cause all Registrable Securities relating to
the Registration Statement to be listed or quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board or
any other securities exchange, quotation system or market, if any, on which
similar securities issued by the Company are then listed or traded as and when
required pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.
(l) Comply in all material respects with all applicable rules and
regulations of the Commission and make generally available to its security
holders all documents filed or required to be filed with the Commission,
including, but not limited, to, earning statements satisfying the provisions of
Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 not later than 45 days after
the end of any 12-month period (or 90 days after the end of any 12-month period
if such period is a fiscal year) commencing on the first day of the first fiscal
quarter of the Company after the effective date of the Registration Statement,
which statement shall conform to the requirements of Rule 158.
(m) The Company may require each selling Holder to furnish to the Company
information regarding such Holder and the distribution of such Registrable
Securities as is required by law to be disclosed in the Registration Statement,
Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, and the Company may exclude
from such registration the Registrable Securities of any such Holder who
unreasonably fails to furnish such information within a reasonable time after
receiving such request.
If the Registration Statement refers to any Holder by name or otherwise as
the holder of any securities of the Company, then such Holder shall have the
right to require (if such reference to such Holder by name or otherwise is not
required by the Securities Act or any similar federal statute then in force) the
deletion of the reference to such Holder in any amendment or supplement to the
Registration Statement filed or prepared subsequent to the time that such
reference ceases to be required.
Each Holder covenants and agrees that it will not sell any Registrable
Securities under the Registration Statement until the Company has electronically
filed the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented as contemplated in Section
3(g) and notice from the Company that the Registration Statement and any
post-effective amendments thereto have become effective as contemplated by
Section 3(c).
Each Holder agrees by its acquisition of such Registrable Securities that,
upon receipt of a notice from the Company of the occurrence of any event of the
kind described in Section 3(c)(ii), 3(c)(iii), 3(c)(iv), 3(c)(v), 3(c)(vi) or
3(n), such Holder will forthwith discontinue disposition of such Registrable
Securities under the Registration Statement until such Holder's receipt of the
copies of the supplemented Prospectus and/or amended Registration Statement
contemplated by Section 3(j), or until it is advised in writing (the "Advice")
by the Company that the use of the applicable Prospectus may be resumed, and, in
either case, has received copies of any additional or supplemental filings that
are incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in such Prospectus or
Registration Statement.
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(n) If (i) there is material non-public information regarding the Company
which the Company's Board of Directors (the "Board") determines not to be in the
Company's best interest to disclose and which the Company is not otherwise
required to disclose, (ii) there is a significant business opportunity
(including, but not limited to, the acquisition or disposition of assets (other
than in the ordinary course of business) or any merger, consolidation, tender
offer or other similar transaction) available to the Company which the Board
determines not to be in the Company's best interest to disclose, or (iii) the
Company is required to file a post-effective amendment to the Registration
Statement to incorporate the Company's quarterly and annual reports and audited
financial statements on Forms 10-QSB and 10-KSB, then the Company may (x)
postpone or suspend filing of a registration statement for a period not to
exceed thirty (30) consecutive days or (y) postpone or suspend effectiveness of
a registration statement for a period not to exceed twenty (20) consecutive
days; provided that the Company may not postpone or suspend effectiveness of a
registration statement under this Section 3(n) for more than forty-five (45)
days in the aggregate during any three hundred sixty (360) day period; provided,
however, that no such postponement or suspension shall be permitted for
consecutive twenty (20) day periods arising out of the same set of facts,
circumstances or transactions.
4. Registration Expenses.
All fees and expenses incident to the performance of or compliance with
this Agreement by the Company, except as and to the extent specified in this
Section 4, shall be borne by the Company whether or not the Registration
Statement is filed or becomes effective and whether or not any Registrable
Securities are sold pursuant to the Registration Statement. The fees and
expenses referred to in the foregoing sentence shall include, without
limitation, (i) all registration and filing fees (including, without limitation,
fees and expenses (A) with respect to filings required to be made with the OTC
Bulletin Board and each other securities exchange or market on which Registrable
Securities are required hereunder to be listed, if any (B) with respect to
filing fees required to be paid to the National Association of Securities
Dealers, Inc. and the NASD Regulation, Inc. (including, without limitation,
pursuant to NASD Rule 2710) and (C) in compliance with state securities or Blue
Sky laws (including, without limitation, fees and disbursements of counsel for
the Holders in connection with Blue Sky qualifications of the Registrable
Securities and determination of the eligibility of the Registrable Securities
for investment under the laws of such jurisdictions as the Holders of a majority
of Registrable Securities may designate)), (ii) printing expenses (including,
without limitation, expenses of printing certificates for Registrable Securities
and of printing prospectuses if the printing of prospectuses is requested by the
holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities included in the Registration
Statement), (iii) messenger, telephone and delivery expenses, (iv) fees and
disbursements of counsel for the Company and Special Counsel for the Holders, in
the case of the Special Counsel, up to a maximum amount of $7,500, (v)
Securities Act liability insurance, if the Company so desires such insurance,
and (vi) fees and expenses of all other Persons retained by the Company in
connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement, including, without limitation, the Company's independent public
accountants (including the expenses of any comfort letters or costs associated
with the delivery by independent public accountants of a comfort letter or
comfort letters). In addition, the Company shall be responsible for all of its
internal expenses incurred in connection with the consummation of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement (including, without limitation, all
salaries and expenses of its officers and employees performing legal or
accounting duties), the expense of any annual audit, the fees and expenses
incurred in connection with the listing of the Registrable Securities on any
securities exchange if required hereunder. The Company shall not be responsible
for any discounts, commissions, transfer taxes or other similar fees incurred by
the Holders in connection with the sale of the Registrable Securities.
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5. Indemnification.
(a) Indemnification by the Company. The Company shall, notwithstanding any
termination of this Agreement, indemnify and hold harmless each Holder, the
officers, directors, managers, partners, members, shareholders, agents, brokers,
investment advisors and employees of each of them, each Person who controls any
such Holder (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section
20 of the Exchange Act) and the officers, directors, agents and employees of
each such controlling Person, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law,
from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, costs
(including, without limitation, costs of preparation and attorneys' fees) and
expenses (collectively, "Losses"), as incurred, arising out of or relating to
any violation of securities laws or untrue or alleged untrue statement of a
material fact contained in the Registration Statement, any Prospectus or any
form of prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any
preliminary prospectus, or arising out of or relating to any omission or alleged
omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make
the statements therein (in the case of any Prospectus or form of prospectus or
supplement thereto, in the light of the circumstances under which they were
made) not misleading, except to the extent, but only to the extent, that such
untrue statements or omissions are based solely upon information regarding such
Holder or such other Indemnified Party furnished in writing to the Company by
such Holder expressly for use therein. The Company shall notify the Holders
promptly of the institution, threat or assertion of any Proceeding of which the
Company is aware in connection with the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement.
(b) Indemnification by Holders. Each Holder shall, severally and not
jointly, indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its directors, officers,
agents and employees, each Person who controls the Company (within the meaning
of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the
directors, officers, agents and employees of such controlling Persons, to the
fullest extent permitted by applicable law, from and against all Losses (as
determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final judgment not subject
to appeal or review), as incurred, arising solely out of or based solely upon
any untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement,
any Prospectus, or any form of prospectus, or in any amendment or supplement
thereto, or arising solely out of or based solely upon any omission of a
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein (in the case of any Prospectus or form of prospectus or supplement
thereto, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not
misleading, to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or
omission is contained in any information so furnished in writing by such Holder
or other Indemnifying Party to the Company specifically for inclusion in the
Registration Statement or such Prospectus. Notwithstanding anything to the
contrary contained herein, each Holder shall be liable under this Section 5(b)
for only that amount as does not exceed the net proceeds to such Holder as a
result of the sale of Registrable Securities pursuant to such Registration
Statement.
(c) Conduct of Indemnification Proceedings. If any Proceeding shall be
brought or asserted against any Person entitled to indemnity hereunder (an
"Indemnified Party"), such Indemnified Party promptly shall notify the Person
from whom indemnity is sought (the "Indemnifying Party) in writing, and the
Indemnifying Party shall be entitled to assume the defense thereof, including
the employment of counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Party and
the payment of all fees and expenses incurred in connection with defense
thereof; provided, that the failure of any Indemnified Party to give such notice
shall not relieve the Indemnifying Party of its obligations or liabilities
pursuant to this Agreement, except (and only) to the extent that it shall be
finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction (which determination is
not subject to appeal or further review) that such failure shall have
proximately and materially adversely prejudiced the Indemnifying Party.
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An Indemnified Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in
any such Proceeding and to participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and
expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnified Party or
Parties unless: (1) the Indemnifying Party has agreed in writing to pay such
fees and expenses; or (2) the Indemnifying Party shall have failed promptly to
assume the defense of such Proceeding and to employ counsel reasonably
satisfactory to such Indemnified Party in any such Proceeding; or (3) the named
parties to any such Proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include both
such Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying Party, and such parties shall have
been advised by counsel that a conflict of interest is likely to exist if the
same counsel were to represent such Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying Party
(in which case, if such Indemnified Party notifies the Indemnifying Party in
writing that it elects to employ separate counsel at the expense of the
Indemnifying Party, the Indemnifying Party shall not have the right to assume
the defense thereof and such counsel shall be at the expense of the Indemnifying
Party). The Indemnifying Party shall not be liable for any settlement of any
such Proceeding effected without its written consent, which consent shall not be
unreasonably withheld or delayed. No Indemnifying Party shall, without the prior
written consent of the Indemnified Party, effect any settlement of any pending
or threatened Proceeding in respect of which any Indemnified Party is a party
and indemnity has been sought hereunder, unless such settlement includes an
unconditional release of such Indemnified Party from all liability on claims
that are the subject matter of such Proceeding.
All fees and expenses of the Indemnified Party (including reasonable fees
and expenses to the extent incurred in connection with investigating or
preparing to defend such Proceeding in a manner not inconsistent with this
Section) shall be paid to the Indemnified Party, as incurred, within ten (10)
Business Days of written notice thereof to the Indemnifying Party (regardless of
whether it is ultimately determined that an Indemnified Party is not entitled to
indemnification hereunder; provided, that the Indemnified Party shall reimburse
all such fees and expenses to the extent it is finally judicially determined
that such Indemnified Party is not entitled to indemnification hereunder).
(d) Contribution. If a claim for indemnification under Section 5(a) or
5(b) is due but unavailable to an Indemnified Party because of a failure or
refusal of a governmental authority to enforce such indemnification in
accordance with its terms (by reason of public policy or otherwise), then each
Indemnifying Party, in lieu of indemnifying such Indemnified Party, shall
contribute to the amount paid or payable by such Indemnified Party as a result
of such Losses, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative
benefits received by the Indemnifying Party on the one hand and the Indemnified
Party on the other from the offering of the Preferred Stock and Warrants. If,
but only if, the allocation provided by the foregoing sentence is not permitted
by applicable law, the allocation of contribution shall be made in such
proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred
to in the foregoing sentence but also the relative fault, as applicable, of the
Indemnifying Party and Indemnified Party in connection with the actions,
statements or omissions that resulted in such Losses as well as any other
relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of such Indemnifying Party
and Indemnified Party shall be determined by reference to, among other things,
whether any action in question, including any untrue or alleged untrue statement
of a material fact or omission or alleged omission of a material fact, has been
taken or made by, or relates to information supplied by, such Indemnifying Party
or Indemnified Party, and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to
information and opportunity to correct or prevent such action, statement or
omission. The amount paid or payable by a party as a result of any Losses shall
be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth in Section 5(c), any
reasonable attorneys' or other reasonable fees or expenses incurred by such
party in connection with any Proceeding to the extent such party would have been
indemnified for such fees or expenses if the indemnification provided for in
this Section was available to such party in accordance with its terms. In no
event shall any selling Holder be required to contribute an amount under this
Section 5(d) in excess of the net proceeds received by such Holder upon sale of
such Holder's Registrable Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement
giving rise to such contribution obligation.
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The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if
contribution pursuant to this Section 5(d) were determined by pro rata
allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account
the equitable considerations referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph.
No Person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section
11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any Person
who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.
The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in this Section are in
addition to any liability that the Indemnifying Parties may have to the
Indemnified Parties pursuant to the law.
6. Rule 144.
As long as any Holder owns Preferred Stock, Warrants or Registrable
Securities, the Company covenants to timely file (or obtain extensions in
respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports
required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to Section
13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. As long as any Holder owns Preferred Stock,
Warrants or Registrable Securities, if the Company is not required to file
reports pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, it will prepare
and furnish to the Holders and make publicly available in accordance with Rule
144(c) promulgated under the Securities Act annual and quarterly financial
statements, together with a discussion and analysis of such financial statements
in form and substance substantially similar to those that would otherwise be
required to be included in reports required by Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the
Exchange Act, as well as any other information required thereby, in the time
period that such filings would have been required to have been made under the
Exchange Act. The Company further covenants that it will take such further
action as any Holder may reasonably request, all to the extent required from
time to time to enable such Person to sell Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares
without registration under the Securities Act within the limitation of the
exemptions provided by Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act, including
providing any legal opinions relating to such sale pursuant to Rule 144. Upon
the request of any Holder, the Company shall deliver to such Holder a written
certification of a duly authorized officer as to whether it has complied with
such requirements.
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7. Miscellaneous.
(a) Remedies. In the event of a breach by the Company or by a Holder, of
any of their obligations under this Agreement, such Holder or the Company, as
the case may be, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by
law and under this Agreement, including recovery of damages, will be entitled to
specific performance of its rights under this Agreement. The Company and each
Holder agree that monetary damages would not provide adequate compensation for
any losses incurred by reason of a breach by it of any of the provisions of this
Agreement and hereby further agrees that, in the event of any action for
specific performance in respect of such breach, it shall waive the defense that
a remedy at law would be adequate.
(b) No Inconsistent Agreements. Neither the Company nor any of its
subsidiaries has, as of the date hereof entered into and currently in effect,
nor shall the Company or any of its subsidiaries, on or after the date of this
Agreement, enter into any agreement with respect to its securities that is
inconsistent with the rights granted to the Holders in this Agreement or
otherwise conflicts with the provisions hereof. Except as disclosed in Schedule
2.1(c) of the Purchase Agreement or Schedule II hereto, neither the Company nor
any of its subsidiaries has previously entered into any agreement currently in
effect granting any registration rights with respect to any of its securities to
any Person. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, without the
written consent of the Holders of a majority of the then outstanding Registrable
Securities, the Company shall not grant to any Person the right to request the
Company to register any securities of the Company under the Securities Act
unless the rights so granted are subject in all respects to the prior rights in
full of the Holders set forth herein, and are not otherwise in conflict with the
provisions of this Agreement.
(c) No Piggyback on Registrations. Neither the Company nor any of its
security holders (other than the Holders in such capacity pursuant hereto or as
disclosed in Schedule 2.1(c) of the Purchase Agreement or Schedule II hereto)
may include securities of the Company in the Registration Statement, and the
Company shall not after the date hereof enter into any agreement providing such
right to any of its securityholders, unless the right so granted is subject in
all respects to the prior rights in full of the Holders set forth herein, and is
not otherwise in conflict with the provisions of this Agreement.
(d) Piggy-Back Registrations. If at any time when there is not an
effective Registration Statement covering (i) Conversion Shares or (ii) Warrant
Shares, the Company shall determine to prepare and file with the Commission a
registration statement relating to an offering for its own account or the
account of others under the Securities Act of any of its equity securities,
other than on Form S-4 or Form S-8 (each as promulgated under the Securities
Act) or their then equivalents relating to equity securities to be issued solely
in connection with any acquisition of any entity or business or equity
securities issuable in connection with stock option or other employee benefit
plans, the Company shall send to each holder of Registrable Securities written
notice of such determination and, if within thirty (30) days after receipt of
such notice, or within such shorter period of time as may be specified by the
Company in such written notice as may be necessary for the Company to comply
with its obligations with respect to the timing of the filing of such
registration statement, any such holder shall so request in writing, (which
request shall specify the Registrable Securities intended to be disposed of by
the Purchasers), the Company will cause the registration under the Securities
Act of all Registrable Securities which the Company has been so requested to
register by the holder, to the extent requisite to permit the disposition of the
Registrable Securities so to be registered, provided that if at any time after
giving written notice of its intention to register any securities and prior to
the effective date of the registration statement filed in connection with such
registration, the Company shall determine for any reason not to register or to
delay registration of such securities, the Company may, at its election, give
written notice of such determination to such holder and, thereupon, (i) in the
case of a determination not to register, shall be relieved of its obligation to
register any Registrable Securities in connection with such registration (but
not from its obligation to pay expenses in accordance with Section 4 hereof),
and (ii) in the case of a determination to delay registering, shall be permitted
to delay registering any Registrable Securities being registered pursuant to
this Section 7(d) for the same period as the delay in registering such other
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securities. The Company shall include in such registration statement all or any
part of such Registrable Securities such holder requests to be registered;
provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to register any
Registrable Securities pursuant to this Section 7(d) that are eligible for sale
pursuant to Rule 144(k) of the Securities Act. In the case of an underwritten
public offering, if the managing underwriter(s) or underwriter(s) should
reasonably object to the inclusion of the Registrable Securities in such
registration statement, then if the Company after consultation with the managing
underwriter should reasonably determine that the inclusion of such Registrable
Securities would materially adversely affect the offering contemplated in such
registration statement, and based on such determination recommends inclusion in
such registration statement of fewer or none of the Registrable Securities of
the Holders, then (x) the number of Registrable Securities of the Holders
included in such registration statement shall be reduced pro-rata among such
Holders (based upon the number of Registrable Securities requested to be
included in the registration), if the Company after consultation with the
underwriter(s) recommends the inclusion of fewer Registrable Securities, or (y)
none of the Registrable Securities of the Holders shall be included in such
registration statement, if the Company after consultation with the
underwriter(s) recommends the inclusion of none of such Registrable Securities;
provided, however, that if securities are being offered for the account of other
persons or entities as well as the Company, such reduction shall not represent a
greater fraction of the number of Registrable securities intended to be offered
by the Holders than the fraction of similar reductions imposed on such other
persons or entities (other than the Company).
(e) Failure to File Registration Statement and Other Events. The Company
and the Purchasers agree that the Holders will suffer damages if the
Registration Statement is not filed on or prior to the Filing Date and not
declared effective by the Commission on or prior to the Effectiveness Date and
maintained in the manner contemplated herein during the Effectiveness Period or
if certain other events occur. The Company and the Holders further agree that it
would not be feasible to ascertain the extent of such damages with precision.
Accordingly, if (A) the Registration Statement is not filed on or prior to the
Filing Date, or (B) the Registration Statement is not declared effective by the
Commission on or prior to the Effectiveness Date, or (C) the Company fails to
file with the Commission a request for acceleration in accordance with Rule 461
promulgated under the Securities Act within three (3) Business Days of the date
that the Company is notified (orally or in writing, whichever is earlier) by the
Commission that a Registration Statement will not be "reviewed," or not subject
to further review, or (D) the Registration Statement is filed with and declared
effective by the Commission but thereafter ceases to be effective as to all
Registrable Securities at any time prior to the expiration of the Effectiveness
Period, without being succeeded immediately by a subsequent Registration
Statement filed with and declared effective by the Commission, or (E) the
Company has breached Section 3(n), or (F) trading in the Common Stock shall be
suspended or if the Common Stock is no longer quoted on or is delisted from the
OTC Bulletin Board (or other principal exchange on which the Common Stock is
traded) for any reason for more than three (3) Business Days in the aggregate
(any such failure or breach being referred to as an "Event," and for purposes of
clauses (A) and (B) the date on which such Event occurs, or for purposes of
clause (C) the date on which such three (3) Business Day period is exceeded, or
for purposes of clause (D) after more than fifteen (15) Business Days, or for
purposes of clause (F) the date on which such three (3) Business Day period is
exceeded, being referred to as "Event Date"), the Company shall pay an amount in
cash as liquidated damages to each Holder equal to two percent (2%) of the
amount of the Holder's initial investment in the Preferred Stock for each
calendar month or portion thereof thereafter from the Event Date until the
applicable Event is cured; provided, however, that in no event shall the amount
of liquidated damages payable at any time and from time to time to any Holder
pursuant to this Section 7(e) exceed an aggregate of ten percent (10%) of the
amount of the Holder's initial investment in the Preferred Stock.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this paragraph (e), if (a) any of
the Events described in clauses (A), (B), (C), (D) or (F) shall have occurred,
(b) on or prior to the applicable Event Date, the Company shall have exercised
its rights under Section 3(n) hereof and (c) the postponement or suspension
permitted pursuant to such Section 3(n) shall remain effective as of such
applicable Event Date, then the applicable Event Date shall be deemed instead to
occur on the second Business Day following the termination of such postponement
or suspension. Liquidated damages payable by the Company pursuant to this
Section 7(d) shall be payable on the first (1st) Business Day of each thirty
(30) day period following the Event Date. Notwithstanding anything to the
contrary contained herein, in no event shall any liquidated damages be payable
with respect to the Warrants or the Warrant Shares.
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(f) Amendments and Waivers. The provisions of this Agreement, including
the provisions of this sentence, may not be amended, modified or supplemented,
and waivers or consents to departures from the provisions hereof may not be
given, unless the same shall be in writing and signed by the Company and the
Holders of seventy-five percent (75%) of the Registrable Securities outstanding.
(g) Notices. Any notice, demand, request, waiver or other communication
required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be in writing and shall be
effective (a) upon hand delivery, telecopy or facsimile at the address or number
designated below (if delivered on a business day during normal business hours
where such notice is to be received), or the first business day following such
delivery (if delivered other than on a business day during normal business hours
where such notice is to be received) or (b) on the second business day following
the date of mailing by express courier service, fully prepaid, addressed to such
address, or upon actual receipt of such mailing, whichever shall first occur.
The addresses for such communications shall be:
If to the Company: Astrata Group Incorporated
▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
Attention: Chief Executive Officer
Tel. No.: (▇▇▇) ▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
Fax No.: (▇▇▇) ▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
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with copies (which shall ▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇▇, LLP
not constitute notice) to: ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
Attention: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇, Esq.
Tel. No.: (▇▇▇) ▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
Fax No.: (▇▇▇) ▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
If to any Purchaser: At the address of such Purchaser set
forth on Exhibit A to this Agreement,
with copies to Purchaser's counsel
as set forth on Exhibit A or as
specified in writing by such:
with copies (which shall ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ LLP
not constitute notice) to: ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
Attention: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
Tel No.: (▇▇▇) ▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
Fax No.: (▇▇▇) ▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇
Any party hereto may from time to time change its address for notices by
giving at least ten (10) days written notice of such changed address to the
other party hereto.
(h) Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure
to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns and
shall inure to the benefit of each Holder and its successors and assigns. The
Company may not assign this Agreement or any of its rights or obligations
hereunder without the prior written consent of each Holder. Each Purchaser may
assign its rights hereunder in the manner and to the Persons as permitted under
the Purchase Agreement.
(i) Assignment of Registration Rights. The rights of each Holder
hereunder, including the right to have the Company register for resale
Registrable Securities in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, shall be
automatically assignable by each Holder to any Person of all or a portion of the
Preferred Stock, the Common Shares or the Registrable Securities if: (i) the
Holder agrees in writing with the transferee or assignee to assign such rights,
and a copy of such agreement is furnished to the Company within a reasonable
time after such assignment, (ii) the Company is, within a reasonable time after
such transfer or assignment, furnished with written notice of (a) the name and
address of such transferee or assignee, and (b) the securities with respect to
which such registration rights are being transferred or assigned, (iii)
following such transfer or assignment the further disposition of such securities
by the transferee or assignees is restricted under the Securities Act and
applicable state securities laws unless such securities are registered in a
Registration Statement under this Agreement (in which case the Company shall be
obligated to amend such Registration Statement to reflect such transfer or
assignment) or are otherwise exempt from registration, (iv) at or before the
time the Company receives the written notice contemplated by clause (ii) of this
Section, the transferee or assignee agrees in writing with the Company to be
bound by all of the provisions of this Agreement, and (v) such transfer shall
have been made in accordance with the applicable requirements of the Purchase
Agreement. The rights to assignment shall apply to the Holders (and to
subsequent) successors and assigns.
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(j) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of
counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original
and, all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same Agreement and
shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and
delivered to the other parties hereto, it being understood that all parties need
not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by
facsimile transmission or scanned electronic mail (e-mail) attachment, such
signature shall create a valid binding obligation of the party executing (or on
whose behalf such signature is executed) the same with the same force and effect
as if such facsimile or scanned signature were the original thereof.
(k) Governing Law; Jurisdiction. This Agreement shall be governed by and
construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without
giving effect to any of the conflicts of law principles which would result in
the application of the substantive law of another jurisdiction. This Agreement
shall not be interpreted or construed with any presumption against the party
causing this Agreement to be drafted. The Company and the Holders agree that
venue for any dispute arising under this Agreement will lie exclusively in the
state or federal courts located in New York County, New York, and the parties
irrevocably waive any right to raise forum non conveniens or any other argument
that New York is not the proper venue. The Company and the Holders irrevocably
consent to personal jurisdiction in the state and federal courts of the state of
New York. The Company and the Holders consent to process being served in any
such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof to such party at the
address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such
service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice
thereof. Nothing in this Section 7(k) shall affect or limit any right to serve
process in any other manner permitted by law. The Company and the Holders hereby
agree that the prevailing party in any suit, action or proceeding arising out of
or relating to this Agreement or the Purchase Agreement, shall be entitled to
reimbursement for reasonable legal fees from the non-prevailing party. The
parties hereby waive all rights to a trial by jury.
(l) Cumulative Remedies. The remedies provided herein are cumulative and
not exclusive of any remedies provided by law.
(m) Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this
Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable in any respect,
the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth
herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected,
impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their reasonable
efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or
substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision,
covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the
intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms,
provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be
hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.
(n) Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not
constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect
any of the provisions hereof.
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(o) Shares Held by the Company and its Affiliates. Whenever the consent or
approval of Holders of a specified percentage of Registrable Securities is
required hereunder, Registrable Securities held by the Company or its Affiliates
(other than any Holder or transferees or successors or assigns thereof if such
Holder is deemed to be an Affiliate solely by reason of its holdings of such
Registrable Securities) shall not be counted in determining whether such consent
or approval was given by the Holders of such required percentage.
(p) Independent Nature of Purchasers. The Company acknowledges that the
obligations of each Purchaser under the Transaction Documents are several and
not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be
responsible in any way for the performance of the obligations of any other
Purchaser under the Transaction Documents. The Company acknowledges that the
decision of each Purchaser to purchase Securities pursuant to the Purchase
Agreement has been made by such Purchaser independently of any other Purchaser
and independently of any information, materials, statements or opinions as to
the business, affairs, operations, assets, properties, liabilities, results of
operations, condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the Company or of
its Subsidiaries which may have made or given by any other Purchaser or by any
agent or employee of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser or any of its agents
or employees shall have any liability to any Purchaser (or any other person)
relating to or arising from any such information, materials, statements or
opinions. The Company acknowledges that nothing contained herein, or in any
Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or
thereto (including, but not limited to, the (i) inclusion of a Purchaser in the
Registration Statement and (ii) review by, and consent to, such Registration
Statement by a Purchaser) shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as a
partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or
create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as
a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the
Transaction Documents. The Company acknowledges that each Purchaser shall be
entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights, including without
limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other
Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to
be joined as an additional party in any proceeding for such purpose. The Company
acknowledges that for reasons of administrative convenience only, the
Transaction Documents have been prepared by counsel for one of the Purchasers
and such counsel does not represent all of the Purchasers. The Company
acknowledges that it has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms
and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and not because it
was required or requested to do so by the Purchasers. The Company acknowledges
that such procedure with respect to the Transaction Documents in no way creates
a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group
with respect to the Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated
hereby or thereby.
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Registration
Rights Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized persons as
of the date first indicated above.
ASTRATA GROUP INCORPORATED
By: _____________________________________
Name: ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
Title: Chief Executive Officer
PURCHASER:
By: _____________________________________
Name:
Title:
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Schedule I
Purchasers
Names and Addresses Number of Preferred Shares Dollar Amount of
of Purchasers & Warrants Purchased Investment
------------------- -------------------------- ----------------
Vision Opportunity Master Fund, Ltd. Preferred Shares: $2,500,000
▇▇ ▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇., ▇▇▇ floor Series A Warrants:
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ Series B Warrants:
Series J Warrants:
Series C Warrants:
Series D Warrants:
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Schedule II
Other Securities to be Included on the Registration Statement
-20-
Exhibit A
Plan of Distribution
The selling security holders and any of their pledgees, donees, assignees
and successors-in-interest may, from time to time, sell any or all of their
shares of common stock being offered under this prospectus on any stock
exchange, market or trading facility on which shares of our common stock are
traded or in private transactions. These sales may be at fixed or negotiated
prices. The selling security holders may use any one or more of the following
methods when disposing of shares:
o ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the
broker-dealer solicits purchasers;
o block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the
shares as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block
as principal to facilitate the transaction;
o purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resales by the
broker-dealer for its account;
o an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the
applicable exchange;
o privately negotiated transactions;
o to cover short sales made after the date that the registration
statement of which this prospectus is a part is declared effective
by the Commission;
o broker-dealers may agree with the selling security holders to sell a
specified number of such shares at a stipulated price per share;
o a combination of any of these methods of sale; and
o any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.
The shares may also be sold under Rule 144 under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended ("Securities Act"), if available, rather than under this
prospectus. The selling security holders have the sole and absolute discretion
not to accept any purchase offer or make any sale of shares if they deem the
purchase price to be unsatisfactory at any particular time.
The selling security holders may pledge their shares to their brokers
under the margin provisions of customer agreements. If a selling security holder
defaults on a margin loan, the broker may, from time to time, offer and sell the
pledged shares.
Broker-dealers engaged by the selling security holders may arrange for
other broker-dealers to participate in sales. Broker-dealers may receive
commissions or discounts from the selling security holders (or, if any
broker-dealer acts as agent for the purchaser of shares, from the purchaser) in
amounts to be negotiated, which commissions as to a particular broker or dealer
may be in excess of customary commissions to the extent permitted by applicable
law.
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If sales of shares offered under this prospectus are made to
broker-dealers as principals, we would be required to file a post-effective
amendment to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. In
the post-effective amendment, we would be required to disclose the names of any
participating broker-dealers and the compensation arrangements relating to such
sales.
The selling security holders and any broker-dealers or agents that are
involved in selling the shares offered under this prospectus may be deemed to be
"underwriters" within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with these
sales. Commissions received by these broker-dealers or agents and any profit on
the resale of the shares purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting
commissions or discounts under the Securities Act. Any broker-dealers or agents
that are deemed to be underwriters may not sell shares offered under this
prospectus unless and until we set forth the names of the underwriters and the
material details of their underwriting arrangements in a supplement to this
prospectus or, if required, in a replacement prospectus included in a
post-effective amendment to the registration statement of which this prospectus
is a part.
The selling security holders and any other persons participating in the
sale or distribution of the shares offered under this prospectus will be subject
to applicable provisions of the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations
under that act, including Regulation M. These provisions may restrict activities
of, and limit the timing of purchases and sales of any of the shares by, the
selling security holders or any other person. Furthermore, under Regulation M,
persons engaged in a distribution of securities are prohibited from
simultaneously engaging in market making and other activities with respect to
those securities for a specified period of time prior to the commencement of
such distributions, subject to specified exceptions or exemptions. All of these
limitations may affect the marketability of the shares.
If any of the shares of common stock offered for sale pursuant to this
prospectus are transferred other than pursuant to a sale under this prospectus,
then subsequent holders could not use this prospectus until a post-effective
amendment or prospectus supplement is filed, naming such holders. We offer no
assurance as to whether any of the selling security holders will sell all or any
portion of the shares offered under this prospectus.
We have agreed to pay all fees and expenses we incur incident to the
registration of the shares being offered under this prospectus. However, each
selling security holder and purchaser is responsible for paying any discounts,
commissions and similar selling expenses they incur.
We and the selling security holders have agreed to indemnify one another
against certain losses, damages and liabilities arising in connection with this
prospectus, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
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