Executive Severance Agreement
AGREEMENT made as of this lst day of July 1998 by and between Summit
Properties Inc., a Maryland corporation with its principal place of business in
Charlotte, North Carolina (the "Company"), and ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ of Atlanta,
Georgia (the "Executive").
1. Purpose. The Company considers it essential to the best interests of
its stockholders to ▇▇▇▇▇▇ the continuous employment of key management
personnel. The Board of Directors of the Company (the "Board") recognizes,
however, that, as is the case with many publicly held corporations, the
possibility of a Change in Control (as defined in Section 2 hereof) exists and
that such possibility, and the uncertainty and questions which it may raise
among management, may result in the departure or distraction of management
personnel to the detriment of the Company and its stockholders. Therefore, the
Board has determined that appropriate steps should be taken to reinforce and
encourage the continued attention and dedication of members of the Company's
management, including the Executive, to their assigned duties without
distraction in the face of potentially disturbing circumstances arising from the
possibility of a Change in Control. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed
as creating an express or implied contract of employment or any right to be
retained in the employ of the Company. The Company and the Executive have
entered into an Employment Agreement dated July 1, 1998 (as such agreement may
be in effect from time to time, and including any replacement employment
agreement, the "Employment Agreement") that provides for compensation to the
Executive under certain circumstances in the event that the Executive's
employment is terminated. This Agreement is intended to supplement the
Employment Agreement without duplicating payments in the event of the
termination of the Executive's employment.
2. Change in Control and Combination Transactions.
(a) A "Change in Control" shall be deemed to have occurred in
any one of the following events:
(i) any "person," as such term is used in Sections
13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Act")
(other than the Company, Summit Properties Partnership, L.P. (together
with any other subsidiaries of the Company, the "Subsidiaries"), or any
trustee, fiduciary or other person or entity holding securities under
any employee benefit plan or trust of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries), together with all "affiliates" and "associates" (as such
terms are defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Act) of such person, shall
become the "beneficial owner" (as such term is defined in Rule 12b-2
under the Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company
representing 40% or more of either (A) the combined voting power of the
Company's then outstanding securities having the right to vote in an
election of the Board ("Voting Securities") or (B) the then outstanding
shares of stock of the Company
("Stock"), in either such case other than as a result of an acquisition
of securities directly from the Company; or
(ii) persons who, as of the date hereof, constitute
the Board (the "Incumbent Directors") cease for any reason, including,
without limitation, as a result of a tender offer, proxy contest,
merger or similar transaction, to constitute at least a majority of the
Board, provided that any person becoming a director of the Company
subsequent to the date hereof whose election or nomination for election
was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the Incumbent
Directors shall, for purposes of this Agreement, be considered an
Incumbent Director; or
(iii) the stockholders of the Company shall approve
(A) any consolidation or merger of the Company or any Subsidiary where
the stockholders of the Company, immediately prior to the consolidation
or merger, would not, immediately after the consolidation or merger,
beneficially own (as such term is defined in Rule 13d-3) under the
Act), directly or indirectly, shares representing in the aggregate
fifty percent (50%) or more of the voting shares of the corporation
issuing cash or securities in the consolidation or merger (or of its
ultimate parent corporation, if any), (B) any sale, lease, exchange or
other transfer (in one transaction or a series of transactions
contemplated or arranged by any party as a single plan) of all or
substantially all of the assets of the Company or (C) any plan or
proposal for the liquidation or dissolution of the Company.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, a "Change of Control" shall not be deemed to have
occurred for purposes of the foregoing clause (i) solely as the result of an
acquisition of securities by the Company which, by reducing the number of shares
of Stock or other Voting Securities outstanding, increases (x) the proportionate
number of shares of Stock beneficially owned by any person to 40% or more of the
shares of Stock then outstanding or (y) the proportionate voting power
represented by the Voting Securities beneficially owned by any person to 40% or
more of the combined voting power of all then outstanding Voting Securities;
provided, however, that if any person referred to in clause (x) or (y) of this
sentence shall thereafter become the beneficial owner of any additional shares
of Stock or other Voting Securities (other than pursuant to a stock split, stock
dividend, or similar transaction), then a "Change of Control" shall be deemed to
have occurred for purposes of the foregoing clause (i).
(b) A "Combination Transaction" shall be deemed to have
occurred if the Company shall consummate any consolidation or merger of the
company or any Subsidiary where the stockholders of the Company, immediately
prior to the consolidation or merger, would not, immediately after the
consolidation or merger, beneficially own (as such term is defined in Rule
13d-3) under the Act), directly or indirectly, shares representing in the
aggregate 75% or more of either (i) the combined voting power of the company's
then outstanding Voting Securities or (ii) the then outstanding shares of Stock.
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(c) For purposes of determining whether a Change in Control or
a Combination Transaction has occurred, all outstanding options, warrants and
other convertible securities that are then exchangeable or convertible into
Voting Securities of the Company, including, without limitation, all partnership
units of any Subsidiary that are convertible into Voting Securities of the
Company at the option of the holder or the Company, shall be deemed to have been
converted into the applicable number of shares of Voting Securities of the
Company immediately prior to making such determination.
3. Terminating Event. A "Terminating Event" shall mean any of the
following events:
(a) termination occurring subsequent to a Change of Control or
a Combination Transaction by the Company of the employment of the Executive with
the Company for any reason other than:
(i) the death of the Executive (which shall be
referred to as a "Death Termination") or total disability of the
Executive (total disability meaning the inability of the Executive to
perform his normal required services under this Agreement for a period
of six consecutive months during the term of this agreement by reason
of the Executive's mental or physical disability, as determined by the
board in good faith in its sole discretion) (which shall be referred to
as a "Disability Termination") or the retirement of the Executive;
(ii) if the Executive is convicted of, pleads guilty
to, or confesses to any felony or any act of fraud, misappropriation or
embezzlement which has an immediate and materially adverse effect on
the Company, any Subsidiary or any affiliate of the Company, as
determined by the Board in good faith in its sole discretion;
(iii) if the Executive engaged in a fraudulent act to
the material damage or prejudice of the Company, any Subsidiary or any
affiliate of the Company or in conduct or activities materially
damaging to the property, business or reputation of the Company, any
Subsidiary or any affiliate of the Company, all as determined by the
Board in good faith in its sole discretion;
(iv) in the event of any material act or omission by
the Executive involving malfeasance or negligence in the performance of
the Executive's duties to the Company to the material detriment of the
Company, any Subsidiary or any affiliate of the Company, as determined
by the Board in good faith in its sole discretion, which has not been
corrected by the Executive within thirty (30) days after written notice
from the Company of any such act or omission:
(v) failure by the Executive to comply in any
material respect with the terms of the Employment Agreement or any
written policies or directives of the Board as determined by the Board
in good faith in its sole discretion, which has not
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been corrected by the Executive within thirty (30) days after written
notice from the Company of such failure; or
(vi) a material breach by the Executive of that
certain Noncompetition agreement between the Executive and the Company
dated January 13, 1994 (the "Noncompetition Agreement") as determined
by the Board in good faith in its sole discretion.
Each of the events described in the foregoing clauses (ii) through (vi) shall be
referred to individually and collectively as a "For Cause Termination."
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 3(a), a Terminating Event
shall not be deemed to have occurred pursuant to this Section 3(a) solely as a
result of the Executive being an employee of any direct or indirect successor to
the business or assets of the Company, rather that continuing as an employee of
the Company following a Change in Control or A Combination Transaction. For
purposes of clause (i) of this Section 3(a), "retirement" shall mean termination
of the Executive's employment in accordance with the Company's normal retirement
policy, generally applicable to its salaried employees, as in effect immediately
prior to the change in Control or Combination Transaction, or in accordance with
any retirement arrangement established with respect to the Executive with the
Executive's express written consent; or
(b) termination occurring subsequent to a Change in Control or
a Combination Transaction by the Executive of the Executive's employment with
the company for Good Reason. "Good Reason" shall mean the occurrence of any of
the following, provided that in either case the Board has not corrected such
material reduction described below within thirty (30) days after written notice
by the Executive of such material reduction: (i) there is a material reduction
in the Executive's duties, rights or responsibilities under the Employment
Agreement without his consent, or (ii) there is a material decrease in the
aggregate value of the Executive's compensation and benefits package from the
Company under the Employment Agreement without his consent, other than a
reduction in the Executive's base salary that is permitted under the Employment
Agreement and other than a reduction in compensation and/or benefits affecting a
broad group of employees of the Company as determined by the Board in good faith
in its sole discretion, (iii) there is a relocation of the Company's offices at
which the Executive is principally employed immediately prior to the date of a
Change in Control or Combination Transaction to a location more than fifty (50)
miles from such offices, or the requirement by the Company for the Executive to
be based anywhere other than the Company's offices at such location, except for
required travel on the Company's business to an extent substantially consistent
with the Executive's business travel obligations immediately prior to the Change
in Control or a Combination Transaction; or
(c) termination occurring subsequent to a Change of Control by
the Executive of the Executive's employment with the Company for any reason,
unless an event that would constitute grounds for a For Cause Termination of the
Executive's employment has occurred.
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4. Severance Payment. In the event that either a Terminating Event
described in Section 3(a), 3(b), or 3(c) occurs within twelve (12) months after
a Change in Control, or a Terminating Event described in Section 3(a) or 3(b)
occurs within twelve (12) months after a Combination Transaction:
(a) the Company shall pay to the Executive an amount equal to
the difference between (i) three (3) times the Executive's salary and cash bonus
paid (including amounts that were deferred by the Executive but would have been
paid in the absence of such deferral) with respect to the fiscal year
immediately preceding the year in which the Terminating Event occurred and (ii)
any amount of severance or other cash compensation paid to the Executive
pursuant to the Employment Agreement as a result of the termination of the
Executive's employment. Said amount shall be paid in one lump sum payment no
later than thirty-one (31) days following the Date of Termination (as such term
is defined in Section 8(b); and
(b) the Company shall pay to the Executive all reasonable
legal and arbitration fees and expenses incurred by the Executive in obtaining
or enforcing any right or benefit provided by this Agreement, except in cases
involving frivolous or bad faith litigation.
5. Additional Benefits.
(a) Anything in this Agreement to the contrary
notwithstanding, in the event it shall be determined that any payment or
distribution by the Company to or for the benefit of the Executive, whether paid
or payable or distributed or distributable pursuant to the terms of this
Agreement or otherwise (the "Severance Payments"), would be subject to the
excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended, ("the Code"), or any interest or penalties are incurred by the
Executive with respect to such excise tax (such excise tax, together with any
such interest and penalties, are hereinafter collectively referred to as the
"Excise Tax"), then the Executive shall be entitled to receive an additional
payment (a "Gross-Up Payment") such that the net amount retained by the
Executive, after deduction of any Excise Tax on the Severance Payments, any
Federal, state and local income tax, employment tax and Excise Tax upon the
payment provided by this subsection, and any interest and/or penalties assessed
with respect to such Excise Tax, shall be equal to the Severance Payments.
(b) Subject to the provisions of Section 5(c), all
determinations required to be made under this Section 5, including whether a
Gross-Up Payment is required and the amount of such Gross-Up Payment. shall be
made by the Company's independent certified public accounting firm (the
"Accounting Firm"), which shall provide detailed supporting calculations both to
the Company and the Executive within 15 business days of the Date of
Termination, if applicable, or at such earlier time as is reasonably requested
by the Company or the Executive. For purposes of determining the amount of the
Gross-Up Payment, the Executive shall be deemed to pay federal income taxes at
the highest marginal rate of federal income taxation applicable to individuals
for the calendar year in which the Gross-Up Payment
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is to be made and state and local income taxes at the highest marginal rates of
individual taxation in the state and locality of the Executive's residence on
the Date of Termination, net of the maximum reduction in federal income taxes
which could be obtained from deduction of such state and local taxes. The
initial Gross-Up Payment, if any, as determined pursuant to this Section 5(b),
shall be paid to the Executive within five days of the receipt of the Accounting
Firm's determination. If the Accounting Firm determines that no Excise Tax is
payable by the Executive, the Company shall furnish the Executive with an
opinion of counsel that failure to report the Excise Tax on the Executive's
applicable federal income tax return would not result in the imposition of a
negligence or similar penalty. Any determination by the Accounting Firm shall be
binding upon the Company and the Executive. As a result of the uncertainty in
the application of Section 4999 of the Code at the time of the initial
determination by the Accounting Firm hereunder, it is possible that Gross-Up
Payments which will not have been made by the Company should have been made (an
"Underpayment"). In the event that the Company exhausts its remedies pursuant to
Section 5(c) and the Executive thereafter is required to make a payment of any
Excise Tax, the Accounting Firm shall determine the amount of the Underpayment
that has occurred, consistent with the calculations required to be made
hereunder, and any such Underpayment, and any interest and penalties imposed on
the Underpayment and required to be paid by the Executive in connection with the
proceedings described in Section 5(c), shall be promptly paid by the Company to
or for the benefit of the Executive.
(c) The Executive shall notify the Company in writing of any
claim by the Internal Revenue Service that, if successful, would require the
payment by the Company of the Gross-up Payment. Such notification shall be given
as soon as practicable but no later than 10 business days after the Executive
knows of such claim and shall apprise the Company of the nature of such claim
and the date on which such claim is requested to be paid. The Executive shall
not pay such claim prior to the expiration of the 30-day period following the
date on which he gives such notice to the Company (or such shorter period ending
on the date that any payment of taxes with respect to such claim is due). If the
Company notifies the Executive in writing prior to the expiration of such period
that it desires to contest such claim, the Executive shall:
(i) give the Company any information reasonably
requested by the Company relating to such claim,
(ii) take such action in connection with contesting
such claim as the Company shall reasonably request in writing from time
to time, including, without limitation, accepting legal representation
with respect to such claim by an attorney selected by the Company,
(iii) cooperate with the Company in good faith in
order effectively to contest such claim, and
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(iv) permit the Company to participate in any
proceedings relating to such claim; provided, however that the Company
shall bear and pay directly all costs and expenses (including
additional interest and penalties) incurred in connection with such
contest and shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an
after-tax basis, for any Excise Tax or income tax, including interest
and penalties with respect thereto, imposed as a result of such
representation and payment of costs and expenses. Without limitation on
the foregoing provisions of this Section 5(c), the Company shall
control all proceedings taken in connection with such contest and, at
its sole option, may pursue or forego any and all administrative
appeals, proceedings, hearings and conferences with the taxing
authority in respect of such claim and may, at its sole option, either
direct the Executive to pay the tax claimed and ▇▇▇ for a refund or
contest the claim in any permissible manner, and the Executive agrees
to prosecute such contest to a determination before any administrative
tribunal, in a court of initial jurisdiction and in one or more
appellate courts, as the Company shall determine; provided, however,
that if the Company directs the Executive to pay such claim and ▇▇▇ for
a refund, the Company shall advance the amount of such payment to the
Executive on an interest-free basis and shall indemnify and hold the
Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, from any Excise Tax or
income tax, including interest or penalties with respect thereto,
imposed with respect to such advance or with respect to any imputed
income with respect to such advance; and further provided that any
extension of the statute of limitations relating to payment of taxes
for the taxable year of the Executive with respect to which such
contested amount is claimed to be due is limited solely to such
contested amount. Furthermore, the Company's control of the contest
shall be limited to issues with respect to which a Gross-Up Payment
would be payable hereunder and the Executive shall be entitled to
settle or contest, as the case may be, any other issues raised by the
Internal Revenue Service or any other taxing authority.
(d) If, after the receipt by the Executive of an amount
advanced by the Company pursuant to Section 5(c), the Executive becomes entitled
to receive any refund with respect to such claim, the Executive shall (subject
to the Company's complying with the requirements of Section 5(c)) promptly pay
to the Company the amount of such refund (together with any interest paid or
credited thereon after taxes applicable thereto). If, after the receipt by the
Executive of an amount advanced by the Company pursuant to Section 5(c), a
determination is made that the Executive shall not be entitled to any refund
with respect to such claim and the Company does not notify the Executive in
writing of its intent to contest such denial of refund prior to the expiration
of 30 days after such determination, then such advance shall be forgiven and
shall not be required to be repaid and the amount of such advance shall offset,
to the extent thereof, the amount of Gross-Up Payment required to be paid.
6. Term. This Agreement shall take effect on the date first set forth
above and shall terminate upon the earlier of (a) immediately prior to a For
Cause Termination by the Company of the employment of the Executive, (b) the
termination of employment of the Executive by the Company or the Executive for
any reason prior to a Change in Control or a Combination Transaction, (c) the
resignation of the Executive other than for Good Reason after
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a Combination transaction, but prior to a Change in Control, or (d) immediately
prior to the resignation of the Executive after a Change in Control if any event
that would constitute grounds for a For Cause Termination of the Executive's
employment has occurred.
7. Withholding. All payments made by the Company under this Agreement
shall be net of any tax or other amounts required to be withheld by the Company
under applicable law.
8. Notice and Date of Termination; Disputes; Etc.
(a) Notice of Termination. After a Change in Control or
Combination Transaction and during the term of this Agreement, any purported
termination of the Executive's employment (other than by reason of a Death
Termination) shall be communicated by written Notice of Termination from one
party hereto to the other party hereto in accordance with this Section 8. For
purposes of this Agreement, a "Notice of Termination" shall mean a notice which
shall indicate the specific termination provision in this Agreement relied upon
and the Date of Termination.
(b) Date of Termination. "Date of Termination", with respect
to any purported termination of the Executive's employment after a Change in
Control or Combination Transaction and during the term of this Agreement, shall
mean (i) if there is a Disability Termination, thirty (30) days after Notice of
Termination is given (provided that the Executive shall not have returned to the
full-time performance of the Executive's duties during such thirty (30) day
period) and (ii) if the Executive's employment is terminated for any other
reason, the date specified in the Notice of Termination. In the case of a
termination by the Company other than a For Cause Termination (which may be
effective immediately), the Date of Termination shall not be less than thirty
(30) days after the Notice of Termination is given. In the case of a termination
by the Executive, the Date of Termination shall not be less than fifteen (15)
days from the date such Notice of Termination is given. Notwithstanding Section
3(a) of this Agreement, in the event that the Executive gives a Notice of
Termination to the Company, the Company may unilaterally accelerate the Date of
Termination and such acceleration shall not result in a Terminating Event for
purposes of Section 3(a) of this Agreement.
(c) No Mitigation. The Company agrees that, if the Executive's
employment by the Company is terminated during the term of this Agreement, the
Executive is not required to seek other employment or to attempt in any way to
reduce any amounts payable to the Executive by the Company pursuant to Sections
4(a) and (b) hereof. Further, the amount of any payment provided for in this
Agreement shall not be reduced by any compensation earned by the Executive as
the result of employment by another employer, but shall be subject to reduction
by certain amounts received under the Employment Agreement as provided in
Section 4(a) hereof.
(d) Settlement and Arbitration of Disputes. Any controversy or
claim arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the breach thereof shall
be settled exclusively by
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arbitration in accordance with the laws of the State of North Carolina by three
arbitrators, one of whom shall be appointed by the Company, one by the Executive
and the third by the first two arbitrators. If the first two arbitrators cannot
agree on the appointment of a third arbitrator, then the third arbitrator shall
be appointed by the American Arbitration Association in the City of Charlotte,
North Carolina. Such arbitration shall be conducted in the City of Charlotte,
North Carolina in accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration
Association for commercial arbitrations, except with respect to the selection of
arbitrators which shall be as provided in this Section 8(d). Judgment upon the
award rendered by the arbitrators may be entered in any court having
jurisdiction thereof.
9. Assignment; Prior Agreements. Neither the Company nor the Executive
may make any assignment of this Agreement or any interest herein, by operation
of law or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the other party, and
without such consent any attempted transfer shall be null and void and of no
effect. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the
Company and the Executive, their respective successors, executors,
administrators, heirs and permitted assigns. In the event of the Executive's
death after a Terminating Event but prior to the completion by the Company of
all payments due him under Section 4(a) and (b) of this Agreement, the Company
shall continue such payments to the Executive's beneficiary designated in
writing to the Company prior to his death (or to his estate, if the Executive
fails to make such designation).
10. Enforceability. If any portion or provision of this Agreement shall
to any extent be declared illegal or unenforceable by a court of competent
jurisdiction, then the remainder of this Agreement, or the application of such
portion or provision in circumstances other than those as to which it is so
declared illegal or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each
portion and provision of this Agreement shall be valid and enforceable to the
fullest extent permitted by law.
11. Waiver. No waiver of any provision hereof shall be effective unless
made in writing and signed by the waiving party. The failure of any party to
require the performance of any term or obligation of this Agreement, or the
waiver by any party of any breach of this Agreement, shall not prevent any
subsequent enforcement of such term or obligation or be deemed a waiver of any
subsequent breach.
12. Notices. Any notices, requests, demands and other communications
provided for by this Agreement shall be sufficient if in writing and delivered
in person or sent by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, to the
Executive at the last address the Executive has filed in writing with the
Company, or to the Company at its main office, attention of the Board.
13. Effect on Other Plans. An election by the Executive to resign after
a Change in Control under the provisions of this Agreement shall not be deemed a
voluntary termination of employment by the Executive for the purpose of
interpreting the provisions of any of the Company's benefit plans, programs or
policies. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed
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to limit the rights of the Executive under the Company's benefit plans, programs
or policies except as otherwise provided in Section 5 hereof, and except that
the Executive shall have no rights to any severance benefits under any severance
pay plan other than cash amounts specifically set forth in the Employment
Agreement or this Agreement.
14. Amendment. This Agreement may be amended or modified only by a
written instrument signed by the Executive and by a duly authorized
representative of the Company.
15. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed under and be
governed in all respects by the laws of the State of North Carolina.
16. Obligations of Successors. In addition to any obligations imposed
by law upon any successor to the Company, the Company will use its best efforts
to require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger,
consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business or
assets of the Company to expressly assume and agree to perform this Agreement in
the same manner and to the same extent that the Company would be required to
perform if no such succession had taken place.
17. Confidential Information. The Executive shall never use, publish or
disclose in a manner adverse to the Company's interests, any proprietary or
confidential information relating to (a) the business, operations or properties
of the Company or any Subsidiary or other affiliate of the Company, or (b) any
materials, processes, business practices, technology, know-how, research,
programs or other information used in the business of the Company or any
Subsidiary or other affiliate of the Company, provided, however, that no breach
or alleged breach of this Section 17 shall entitle the Company to fail to comply
fully and in a timely manner with any other provision hereof. Nothing in this
Agreement shall preclude the Company from seeking money damages, or equitable
relief by injunction or otherwise without the necessity of proving actual damage
to the Company, for any breach by the Executive hereunder.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been executed as a sealed
instrument by the Company by its duly authorized officer, and by the Executive,
as of the date first above written.
COMPANY:
SUMMIT PROPERTIES INC.
By: /s/ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
-------------------------------------
Name: ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇
Title: Senior Vice President
Secretary & General Counsel
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EXECUTIVE:
/s/ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
------------------------------------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
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