EXHIBIT 1
_________ SHARES
ANALYTICAL GRAPHICS, INC.
COMMON STOCK
UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT
----------------------
__________ ______, 1998
▇▇▇▇▇▇ BROTHERS INC.
NATIONSBANC ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ SECURITIES LLC
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇ LLC,
As Representatives of the several
Underwriters named in Schedule 1,
c/▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Brothers Inc.
Three World ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
Dear Sirs:
Analytical Graphics, Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation (the "Company"),
and certain stockholders of the Company named in Schedule 2 hereto (the "Selling
Stockholders"), propose to sell an aggregate of _________ shares (the "Firm
Stock") of the Company's common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Common
Stock"). Of the __________ shares of the Firm Stock, ________ are being sold by
the Company and _________ by the Selling Stockholders. In addition, the Company
and certain Selling Stockholders propose to grant to the Underwriters named in
Schedule 1 hereto (the "Underwriters") an option to purchase up to an additional
_______ shares of the Common Stock on the terms and for the purposes set forth
in Section 3 (the "Option Stock"). The Firm Stock and the Option Stock, if
purchased, are hereinafter collectively called the "Stock." This is to confirm
the agreement concerning the purchase of the Stock from the Company and the
Selling Stockholders by the Underwriters.
1. Representations, Warranties and Agreements of the Company. The
Company represents, warrants and agrees that:
(a) A registration statement on Form S-1 and amendments thereto with
respect to the Stock have (i) been prepared by the Company in conformity
with the requirements of the United States Securities Act of 1933, as
amended (the "Securities Act") and the rules
and regulations (the "Rules and Regulations") of the United States
Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") thereunder, (ii) been
filed with the Commission under the Securities Act and (iii) become
effective under the Securities Act. Copies of such registration statement
and the amendments thereto have been delivered by the Company to you as the
representatives (the "Representatives") of the Underwriters. As used in
this Agreement, "Effective Time" means the date and the time as of which
such registration statement, or the most recent post-effective amendment
thereto, if any, was declared effective by the Commission; "Effective Date"
means the date of the Effective Time; "Preliminary Prospectus" means each
prospectus included in such registration statement, or amendments thereof,
before it became effective under the Securities Act and any prospectus
filed with the Commission by the Company with the consent of the
Representatives pursuant to Rule 424(a) of the Rules and Regulations;
"Registration Statement" means such registration statement, as amended at
the Effective Time, including all information contained in the final
prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the Rules
and Regulations in accordance with Section 6(a) hereof and deemed to be a
part of the registration statement as of the Effective Time pursuant to
paragraph (b) of Rule 430A of the Rules and Regulations; and "Prospectus"
means such final prospectus, as first filed with the Commission pursuant to
paragraph (1) or (4) of Rule 424(b) of the Rules and Regulations. The
Commission has not issued any order preventing or suspending the use of any
Preliminary Prospectus.
(b) The Registration Statement conforms, and the Prospectus and any
further amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or the
Prospectus will, when they become effective or are filed with the
Commission, as the case may be, conform in all respects to the requirements
of the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations and do not and will
not, as of the applicable effective date (as to the Registration Statement
and any amendment thereto) and as of the applicable filing date (as to the
Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto) contain an untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to
be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not
misleading; provided that no representation or warranty is made as to
information contained in or omitted from the Registration Statement or the
Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with written information
concerning such Underwriter furnished to the Company through the
Representatives by or on behalf of any Underwriter specifically for
inclusion therein.
(c) The Company and each of its subsidiaries (as defined in Section
17) have been duly incorporated and are validly existing as corporations in
good standing under the laws of their respective jurisdictions of
incorporation, are duly qualified to do business and are in good standing
as foreign corporations in each jurisdiction in which their respective
ownership or lease of property or the conduct of their respective
businesses requires such qualification, and have all power and authority
necessary to own or hold their respective properties and to conduct the
businesses in which they are engaged; [and except for [______] none of the
subsidiaries of the Company is a "significant subsidiary," as such term is
defined in Rule 405 of the Rules and Regulations].
2
(d) The Company has an authorized capitalization as set forth in the
Prospectus, and all of the issued shares of capital stock of the Company
have been duly and validly authorized and issued, are fully paid and non-
assessable and conform to the description thereof contained in the
Prospectus; and all of the issued shares of capital stock of each
subsidiary of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued
and are fully paid and non-assessable and are owned directly or indirectly
by the Company, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, equities or
claims.
(e) The shares of the Stock to be issued and sold by the Company to
the Underwriters hereunder have been duly and validly authorized and, when
issued and delivered against payment therefor as provided herein, will be
duly and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable; and the Stock will
conform to the description thereof contained in the Prospectus; and the
issuance of the Stock is not subject to preemptive or other similar rights.
(f) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered
by the Company.
(g) The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the
Company and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby [and
by the charter amendment, stock dividend and corporate reorganization]
described in the Prospectus under the caption "________________" (such
actions are herein collectively called the "Recapitalization") will not
conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or
provisions of, or constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed
of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the
Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or
any of its subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets
of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is subject, nor will such actions
result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws of the
Company or any of its subsidiaries or any statute or any order, rule or
regulation of any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction
over the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of their properties or
assets; and except for the registration of the Stock under the Securities
Act and such consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or
qualifications as may be required under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and applicable state securities laws
in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Stock by the
Underwriters, no consent, approval, authorization or order of, or filing or
registration with, any such court or governmental agency or body is
required for the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by
the Company and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby
and the Recapitalization. The Recapitalization has been duly authorized
and approved by the Company and the Company's stockholders to the extent
required by law.
(h) Except as described in the Prospectus, there are no contracts,
agreements or understandings between the Company and any person granting
such person the right (other than rights which have been waived or
satisfied) to require the Company to file a registration statement under
the Securities Act with respect to any securities of the
3
Company owned or to be owned by such person or the right (other than rights
which have been waived or satisfied) to require the Company to include such
securities in the securities registered pursuant to the Registration
Statement or in any securities being registered pursuant to any other
registration statement filed by the Company under the Securities Act.
(i) Except as described in the Prospectus, the Company has not sold
or issued any shares of Common Stock during the six-month period preceding
the date of the Prospectus, including any sales pursuant to Rule 144A, or
under Regulations D or S of, the Securities Act other than shares issued
pursuant to employee benefit plans, qualified stock option plans or other
employee compensation plans or pursuant to outstanding options, rights or
warrants outstanding prior to the commencement of such six-month period.
(j) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has sustained,
since the date of the latest audited financial statements included in the
Prospectus, any material loss or interference with its business from fire,
explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or
from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree,
otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Prospectus; and, since
such date, there has not been any change in the capital stock or long-term
debt of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any material adverse
change, or any development involving a prospective material adverse change,
in or affecting the general affairs, management, financial position,
stockholders' equity or results of operations of the Company and its
subsidiaries, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the
Prospectus.
(k) The financial statements (including the related notes and
supporting schedules) filed as part of the Registration Statement or
included in the Prospectus present fairly the financial condition and
results of operations of the entities purported to be shown thereby, at the
dates and for the periods indicated, and have been prepared in conformity
with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis
throughout the periods involved. The selected and summary financial and
statistical data and information included in the Registration Statement
present fairly the information shown therein and have been compiled on a
basis substantially consistent with the financial statements presented
therein.
(l) PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, who have certified certain
financial statements of the Company, whose report appears in the Prospectus
and who have delivered the initial letter referred to in Section 9(h)
hereof, are independent public accountants as required by the Securities
Act and the Rules and Regulations and were independent accountants as
required by the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations during the
periods covered by the financial statements on which they reported
contained in the Prospectus.
(m) [The Company and each of its subsidiaries have good and
marketable title in fee simple to all real property and good and marketable
title to all personal property owned by them, in each case free and clear
of all liens, encumbrances and defects except such as are described in the
Prospectus or such as do not materially affect the value of such property
and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made
of such property
4
by the Company and its subsidiaries; and] all real property and buildings
held under lease by the Company and its subsidiaries are held by them under
valid, subsisting and enforceable leases, with such exceptions as are not
material and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of
such property and buildings by the Company and its subsidiaries.
(n) The Company and each of its subsidiaries carry, or are covered
by, insurance in such amounts and covering such risks as is adequate for
the conduct of their respective businesses and the value of their
respective properties and as is customary for companies engaged in similar
businesses in similar industries.
(o) The Company and each of its subsidiaries own or possess adequate
rights to use all patents, patent applications, trademarks, service marks,
trade names, trademark registrations, service ▇▇▇▇ registrations,
copyrights and licenses necessary for the conduct of their respective
businesses and have no reason to believe that the conduct of their
respective businesses will conflict with, and have not received any notice
of any claim of conflict with, any such rights of others.
(p) There are no legal or governmental proceedings pending to which
the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property
or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is the subject which,
if determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, might
have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position,
stockholders' equity, results of operations, business or prospects of the
Company and its subsidiaries (herein, a "Material Adverse Effect"); and to
the best of the Company's knowledge, no such proceedings are threatened or
contemplated by governmental authorities or threatened by others.
(q) There are no contracts or other documents which are required to
be described in the Prospectus or filed as exhibits to the Registration
Statement by the Securities Act or by the Rules and Regulations which have
not been described in the Prospectus or filed as exhibits to the
Registration Statement.
(r) No relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the
Company, on the one hand, and the directors, officers, stockholders,
customers or suppliers of the Company, on the other hand, which is required
to be described in the Prospectus which is not so described.
(s) No labor disturbance by the employees of the Company exists or,
to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent which might be expected to
have a Material Adverse Effect.
(t) The Company is in compliance in all material respects with all
presently applicable provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security
Act of 1974, as amended, including the regulations and published
interpretations thereunder ("ERISA"); no "reportable event" (as defined in
ERISA) has occurred with respect to any "pension plan" (as defined in
ERISA) for which the Company would have any liability; the Company has
5
not incurred and does not expect to incur liability under (i) Title IV of
ERISA with respect to termination of, or withdrawal from, any "pension
plan" or (ii) Section 412 or 4971 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended, including the regulations and published interpretations thereunder
(the "Code"); and each "pension plan" for which the Company would have any
liability that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code
is so qualified in all material respects and nothing has occurred, whether
by action or by failure to act, which would cause the loss of such
qualification.
(u) The Company has filed all federal, state and local income and
franchise tax returns required to be filed through the date hereof and has
paid all taxes due thereon, and no tax deficiency has been determined
adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries which has had (nor does
the Company have any knowledge of any tax deficiency which, if determined
adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, might have) a Material
Adverse Effect.
(v) Since the date as of which information is given in the Prospectus
through the date hereof, and except as may otherwise be disclosed in the
Prospectus, the Company has not (i) issued or granted any securities, (ii)
incurred any liability or obligation, direct or contingent, other than
liabilities and obligations which were incurred in the ordinary course of
business, (iii) entered into any transaction not in the ordinary course of
business or (iv) declared or paid any dividend on its capital stock.
(w) The Company (i) makes and keeps accurate books and records and
(ii) maintains internal accounting controls which provide reasonable
assurance that (A) transactions are executed in accordance with
management's authorization, (B) transactions are recorded as necessary to
permit preparation of its financial statements and to maintain
accountability for its assets, (C) access to its assets is permitted only
in accordance with management's authorization and (D) the reported
accountability for its assets is compared with existing assets at
reasonable intervals.
(x) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is (i) in
violation of its charter or by-laws, (ii) in default in any material
respect, and no event has occurred which, with notice or lapse of time or
both, would constitute such a default, in the due performance or observance
of any term, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, mortgage,
deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which it
is a party or by which it is bound or to which any of its properties or
assets is subject or (iii) in violation in any material respect of any law,
ordinance, governmental rule, regulation or court decree to which it or its
property or assets may be subject or has failed to obtain any material
license, permit, certificate, franchise or other governmental authorization
or permit necessary to the ownership of its property or to the conduct of
its business.
(y) Neither the Company, nor any of its subsidiaries, nor any
director, officer, agent, employee or other person associated with or
acting on behalf of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, has used any
corporate funds for any unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or other
unlawful expense relating to political activity; made any direct or
6
indirect unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government official or
employee from corporate funds; violated or is in violation of any provision
of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977; or made any bribe, rebate,
payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment.
(z) There has been no storage, disposal, generation, manufacture,
refinement, transportation, handling or treatment of toxic wastes, medical
wastes, hazardous wastes or hazardous substances by the Company or any of
its subsidiaries (or, to the knowledge of the Company, any of their
predecessors in interest) at, upon or from any of the property now or
previously owned or leased by the Company or its subsidiaries in violation
of any applicable law, ordinance, rule, regulation, order, judgment, decree
or permit or which would require remedial action under any applicable law,
ordinance, rule, regulation, order, judgment, decree or permit, except for
any violation or remedial action which would not have, or could not be
reasonably likely to have, singularly or in the aggregate with all such
violations and remedial actions, a material adverse effect on the general
affairs, management, financial position, stockholders' equity or results of
operations of the Company and its subsidiaries; there has been no material
spill, discharge, leak, emission, injection, escape, dumping or release of
any kind onto such property or into the environment surrounding such
property of any toxic wastes, medical wastes, solid wastes, hazardous
wastes or hazardous substances due to or caused by the Company or any of
its subsidiaries or with respect to which the Company or any of its
subsidiaries has knowledge, except for any such spill, discharge, leak,
emission, injection, escape, dumping or release which would not have or
would not be reasonably likely to have, singularly or in the aggregate with
all such spills, discharges, leaks, emissions, injections, escapes,
dumpings and releases, a material adverse effect on the general affairs,
management, financial position, stockholders' equity or results of
operations of the Company and its subsidiaries; and the terms "hazardous
wastes", "toxic wastes", "hazardous substances" and "medical wastes" shall
have the meanings specified in any applicable local, state, federal and
foreign laws or regulations with respect to environmental protection.
(aa) Neither the Company nor any subsidiary is an "investment
company" within the meaning of such term under the Investment Company Act
of 1940 and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
2. Representations, Warranties and Agreements of the Selling
Stockholders. Each Selling Stockholder severally represents, warrants and agrees
that:
(a) The Selling Stockholder has, and immediately prior to the
Delivery Date (as defined in Section 5 hereof) the Selling Stockholder will
have good and valid title to the shares of Stock to be sold by the Selling
Stockholder hereunder on such date, free and clear of all liens,
encumbrances, equities or claims; and upon delivery of such shares and
payment therefor pursuant hereto, good and valid title to such shares, free
and clear of all liens, encumbrances, equities or claims, will pass to the
several Underwriters.
(b) The Selling Stockholder has placed in custody under a custody
agreement and a
7
power of attorney (the "Custody Agreement" and "Power of Attorney" and,
together with all other similar agreements executed by the other Selling
Stockholders, the "Custody Agreements and Powers of Attorney") with
[▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Professional Corporation], as custodian (the
"Custodian"), for delivery under this Agreement, certificates in negotiable
form (with signature guaranteed by a commercial bank or trust company
having an office or correspondent in the United States or a member firm of
the New York or American Stock Exchanges) representing the shares of Stock
to be sold by the Selling Stockholder hereunder, and the Selling
Stockholder has duly and irrevocably executed and delivered the Power of
Attorney appointing the Custodian and one or more other persons, as
attorneys-in-fact, with full power of substitution, and with full authority
(exercisable by any one or more of them) to execute and deliver this
Agreement and to take such other action as may be necessary or desirable to
carry out the provisions hereof on behalf of the Selling Stockholder.
(c) The Selling Stockholder has full right, power and authority to
enter into this Agreement and the Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney;
the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the Custody
Agreement and Power of Attorney by the Selling Stockholder and the
consummation by the Selling Stockholder of the transactions contemplated
hereby and thereby will not conflict with or result in a breach or
violation of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default
under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other
agreement or instrument to which the Selling Stockholder, if applicable, is
a party or by which the Selling Stockholder is bound or to which any of the
property or assets of the Selling Stockholder is subject, nor will such
actions result in any violation of [the provisions of the charter or by-
laws of the Selling Stockholder][the articles of partnership of the Selling
Stockholder] or any statute or any order, rule or regulation of any court
or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Selling
Stockholder or the property or assets of the Selling Stockholder; and,
except for the registration of the Stock under the Securities Act and such
consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications as may
be required under the Exchange Act and applicable state securities laws in
connection with the purchase and distribution of the Stock by the
Underwriters, no consent, approval, authorization or order of, or filing or
registration with, any such court or governmental agency or body is
required for the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or
the Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney by the Selling Stockholder and
the consummation by the Selling Stockholder of the transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby.
(d) To the knowledge of such Selling Stockholder, the Registration
Statement and the Prospectus and any further amendments or supplements to
the Registration Statement or the Prospectus will, when they become
effective or are filed with the Commission, as the case may be, do not and
will not, as of the applicable effective date (as to the Registration
Statement and any amendment thereto) and as of the applicable filing date
(as to the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto) contain an
untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein
not misleading; provided that no representation or warranty is made as to
information contained in or omitted from the Registration Statement or the
8
Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with written information
furnished to the Company through the Representatives by or on behalf of any
Underwriter specifically for inclusion therein.
(e) The Selling Stockholder has no reason to believe that the
representations and warranties of the Company contained in Section 1 hereof
are not materially true and correct, is familiar with the Registration
Statement and the Prospectus (as amended or supplemented) and has no
knowledge of any material fact, condition or information not disclosed in
the Registration Statement, as of the effective date, or the Prospectus (or
any amendment or supplement thereto), as of the applicable filing date,
which has adversely affected or may adversely affect the business of the
Company and is not prompted to sell shares of Common Stock by any
information concerning the Company which is not set forth in the
Registration Statement and the Prospectus.
(f) The Selling Stockholder has not taken and will not take, directly
or indirectly, any action which is designed to or which has constituted or
which might reasonably be expected to cause or result in the stabilization
or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate
the sale or resale of the shares of the Stock.
3. Purchase of the Stock by the Underwriters. On the basis of the
representations and warranties contained in, and subject to the terms and
conditions of, this Agreement, the Company agrees to sell _______ shares of the
Firm Stock and each Selling Stockholder hereby agrees to sell the number of
shares of the Firm Stock set opposite the name of such Selling Stockholder in
Schedule 2 hereto, severally and not jointly, to the several Underwriters and
each of the Underwriters, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase the
number of shares of the Firm Stock set opposite that Underwriter's name in
Schedule 1 hereto. Each Underwriter shall be obligated to purchase from the
Company, and from each Selling Stockholder, that number of shares of the Firm
Stock which represents the same proportion of the number of shares of the Firm
Stock to be sold by the Company, and by each Selling Stockholder, as the number
of shares of the Firm Stock set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter in
Schedule 1 represents of the total number of shares of the Firm Stock to be
purchased by all of the Underwriters pursuant to this Agreement. The respective
purchase obligations of the Underwriters with respect to the Firm Stock shall be
rounded among the Underwriters to avoid fractional shares, as the
Representatives may determine.
In addition, the Company and [certain of the] Selling Stockholders
grant to the Underwriters an option to purchase up to _______ shares of Option
Stock. Such option is granted for the purpose of covering over-allotments in
the sale of Firm Stock and is exercisable as provided in Section 5 hereof.
Shares of Option Stock shall be purchased severally for the account of the
Underwriters in proportion to the number of shares of Firm Stock set opposite
the names of such Underwriters in Schedule 1 and Schedule 2 hereto. The
respective purchase obligations of each Underwriter with respect to the Option
Stock shall be adjusted by the Representatives so that no Underwriter shall be
obligated to purchase Option Stock other than in 100 share amounts. The price
of both the Firm Stock and any Option Stock shall be $_____ per share.
The Company and the Selling Stockholders shall not be obligated to
deliver any of
9
the Stock to be delivered on any Delivery Date (as hereinafter defined), as the
case may be, except upon payment for all the Stock to be purchased on such
Delivery Date as provided herein.
4. Offering of stock by the Underwriters. Upon authorization by the
Representatives of the release of the Firm Stock, the several Underwriters
propose to offer the Firm Stock for sale upon the terms and conditions set forth
in the prospectus.
[It is understood that _____ shares of the Firm Stock will initially
be reserved by the several Underwriters for offer and sale upon the terms and
conditions set forth in the Prospectus and in accordance with the rules and
regulations of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. to employees
and persons having business relationships with the Company and its subsidiaries
who have heretofore delivered to the Representatives offers to purchase shares
of Firm Stock in form satisfactory to the Representatives, and that any
allocation of such Firm Stock among such persons will be made in accordance with
timely directions received by the Representatives from the Company; provided,
that under no circumstances will the Representatives or any Underwriter be
liable to the Company or to any such person for any action taken or omitted in
good faith in connection with such offering to employees and persons having
business relationships with the Company and its subsidiaries. It is further
understood that any shares of such Firm Stock which are not purchased by such
persons will be offered by the Underwriters to the public upon the terms and
conditions set forth in the Prospectus.]
5. Delivery of and Payment for the Stock. Delivery of and payment
for the Firm Stock shall be made at the office of ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇ LLP, ▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, at 10:00 A.M., New York City time,
on the fourth full business day following the date of this Agreement or at such
other date or place as shall be determined by agreement between the
Representatives and the Company. This date and time are sometimes referred to as
the "First Delivery Date." On the First Delivery Date, the Company and the
Selling Stockholders shall deliver or cause to be delivered certificates
representing the Firm Stock to the Representatives for the account of each
Underwriter against payment to or upon the order of the Company and the Selling
Stockholders of the purchase price by wire transfer in immediately available
funds to a bank account designated by the Company and a bank account designated
by the Selling Stockholders. Time shall be of the essence, and delivery at the
time and place specified pursuant to this Agreement is a further condition of
the obligation of each Underwriter hereunder. Upon delivery, the Firm Stock
shall be registered in such names and in such denominations as the
Representatives shall request in writing not less than two full business days
prior to the First Delivery Date. For the purpose of expediting the checking and
packaging of the certificates for the Firm Stock, the Company and the Selling
Stockholders shall make the certificates representing the Firm Stock available
for inspection by the Representatives in New York, New York, not later than 2:00
P.M., New York City time, on the business day prior to the First Delivery Date.
The option granted in Section 3 will expire 30 days after the date of
this Agreement and may be exercised in whole or in part from time to time by
written notice being given to the Company and the Selling Stockholders by the
Representatives. Such notice shall set forth the aggregate number of shares of
Option Stock as to which the option is being exercised, the names in which the
shares of Option Stock are to be registered, the denominations in which the
shares of
10
Option Stock are to be issued and the date and time, as determined by the
Representatives, when the shares of Option Stock are to be delivered; provided,
however, that this date and time shall not be earlier than the First Delivery
Date nor earlier than the second business day after the date on which the option
shall have been exercised nor later than the fifth business day after the date
on which the option shall have been exercised. The date and time the shares of
Option Stock are delivered are sometimes referred to as a "Second Delivery Date"
and the First Delivery Date and any Second Delivery Date are sometimes each
referred to as a "Delivery Date".
Delivery of and payment for the Option Stock shall be made at the
place specified in the first sentence of the first paragraph of this Section 5
(or at such other place as shall be determined by agreement between the
Representatives, the Company and the Selling Stockholders) at 10:00 A.M., New
York City time, on such Second Delivery Date. On such Second Delivery Date, the
Company and the Selling Stockholders shall deliver or cause to be delivered the
certificates representing the Option Stock to the Representatives for the
account of each Underwriter against payment to or upon the order of the Company
and the Selling Stockholders of the purchase price by wire transfer in
immediately available funds. Time shall be of the essence, and delivery at the
time and place specified pursuant to this Agreement is a further condition of
the obligation of each Underwriter hereunder. Upon delivery, the Option Stock
shall be registered in such names and in such denominations as the
Representatives shall request in the aforesaid written notice. For the purpose
of expediting the checking and packaging of the certificates for the Option
Stock, the Company and the Selling Stockholders shall make the certificates
representing the Option Stock available for inspection by the Representatives in
New York, New York, not later than 2:00 P.M., New York City time, on the
business day prior to such Second Delivery Date.
6. Further Agreements of the Company. The Company agrees:
(a) To prepare the Prospectus in a form approved by the
Representatives and to file such Prospectus pursuant to Rule 424(b) under
the Securities Act not later than Commission's close of business on the
second business day following the execution and delivery of this Agreement
or, if applicable, such earlier time as may be required by Rule 430A(a)(3)
under the Securities Act; to make no further amendment or any supplement to
the Registration Statement or to the Prospectus except as permitted herein;
to advise the Representatives, promptly after it receives notice thereof,
of the time when any amendment to the Registration Statement has been filed
or becomes effective or any supplement to the Prospectus or any amended
Prospectus has been filed and to furnish the Representatives with copies
thereof; to advise the Representatives, promptly after it receives notice
thereof, of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order or of any
order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or the
Prospectus, of the suspension of the qualification of the Stock for
offering or sale in any jurisdiction, of the initiation or threatening of
any proceeding for any such purpose, or of any request by the Commission
for the amending or supplementing of the Registration Statement or the
Prospectus or for additional information; and, in the event of the issuance
of any stop order or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any
Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus or suspending any such
qualification, to use promptly its best efforts to obtain its withdrawal;
11
(b) To furnish promptly to each of the Representatives and to counsel
for the Underwriters a signed copy of the Registration Statement as
originally filed with the Commission, and each amendment thereto filed with
the Commission, including all consents and exhibits filed therewith;
(c) To deliver promptly to the Representatives such number of the
following documents as the Representatives shall reasonably request: (i)
conformed copies of the Registration Statement as originally filed with the
Commission and each amendment thereto (in each case excluding exhibits
other than this Agreement) and (ii) each Preliminary Prospectus, the
Prospectus and any amended or supplemented Prospectus; and, if the delivery
of a prospectus is required at any time after the Effective Time in
connection with the offering or sale of the Stock or any other securities
relating thereto and if at such time any events shall have occurred as a
result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would
include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any
material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the
light of the circumstances under which they were made when such Prospectus
is delivered, not misleading, or, if for any other reason it shall be
necessary to amend or supplement the Prospectus in order to comply with the
Securities Act, to notify the Representatives and, upon their request, to
file such document and to prepare and furnish without charge to each
Underwriter and to any dealer in securities as many copies as the
Representatives may from time to time reasonably request of an amended or
supplemented Prospectus which will correct such statement or omission or
effect such compliance;
(d) To file promptly with the Commission any amendment to the
Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any supplement to the
Prospectus that may, in the judgment of the Company or the Representatives,
be required by the Securities Act or requested by the Commission;
(e) Prior to filing with the Commission any amendment to the
Registration Statement or supplement to the Prospectus or any Prospectus
pursuant to Rule 424 of the Rules and Regulations, to furnish a copy
thereof to the Representatives and counsel for the Underwriters and obtain
the consent of the Representatives to the filing;
(f) As soon as practicable after the Effective Date (but in no event
later than 15 months after the Effective Date), to make generally available
to the Company's security holders and to deliver to the Representatives an
earnings statement of the Company and its subsidiaries (which need not be
audited) complying with Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and the Rules
and Regulations (including, at the option of the Company, Rule 158);
(g) For a period of five years following the Effective Date, to
furnish to the Representatives copies of all materials furnished by the
Company to its shareholders and all public reports and all reports and
financial statements furnished by the Company to the principal national
securities exchange upon which the Common Stock may be listed pursuant to
requirements of or agreements with such exchange or to the Commission
pursuant to the Exchange Act or any rule or regulation of the Commission
thereunder;
12
(h) Promptly from time to time to take such action as the
Representatives may reasonably request to qualify the Stock for offering
and sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions as the
Representatives may request and to comply with such laws so as to permit
the continuance of sales and dealings therein in such jurisdictions for as
long as may be necessary to complete the distribution of the Stock;
provided that in connection therewith the Company shall not be required to
qualify as a foreign corporation or to file a general consent to service of
process in any jurisdiction;
(i) For a period of 180 days from the date of the Prospectus, not to,
directly or indirectly, (1) offer for sale, sell, pledge or otherwise
dispose of (or enter into any transaction or device which is designed to,
or could be expected to, result in the disposition by any person at any
time in the future of) any shares of Common Stock or securities convertible
into or exchangeable for Common Stock (other than the Stock and shares
issued pursuant to employee benefit plans, qualified stock option plans or
other employee compensation plans existing on the date hereof or pursuant
to currently outstanding options, warrants or rights), or sell or grant
options, rights or warrants with respect to any shares of Common Stock or
securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock (other than
the grant of options pursuant to option plans existing on the date hereof),
or (2) enter into any swap or other derivatives transaction that transfers
to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic benefits or risks of
ownership of such shares of Common Stock, whether any such transaction
described in clause (1) or (2) above is to be settled by delivery of Common
Stock or other securities, in cash or otherwise, in each case without the
prior written consent of ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Brothers Inc.; and to cause each officer
and director of the Company to furnish to the Representatives, prior to the
First Delivery Date, a letter or letters, in form and substance
satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters, pursuant to which each such
person shall agree not to, directly or indirectly, (1) offer for sale,
sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of (or enter into any transaction or
device which is designed to, or could be expected to, result in the
disposition by any person at any time in the future of) any shares of
Common Stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common
Stock or (2) enter into any swap or other derivatives transaction that
transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic benefits or
risks of ownership of such shares of Common Stock, whether any such
transaction described in clause (1) or (2) above is to be settled by
delivery of Common Stock or other securities, in cash or otherwise, in each
case for a period of 180 days from the date of the Prospectus, without the
prior written consent of ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Brothers Inc.;
(j) Prior to the Effective Date, to apply for the inclusion of the
Stock on the Nasdaq National Market and to use its best efforts to effect
such quotation, subject only to official notice of issuance, prior to the
First Delivery Date;
(k) To apply the net proceeds from the sale of the Stock being sold
by the Company as set forth in the Prospectus; and
(l) To take such steps as shall be necessary to ensure that neither
the Company nor any subsidiary shall become an "investment company" within
the meaning of such term
13
under the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the rules and regulations of
the Commission thereunder.
7. Further Agreements of the Selling Stockholders. Each Selling
Stockholder agrees:
(a) For a period of 180 days from the date of the Prospectus, not to,
directly or indirectly,(1) offer for sale, sell, pledge or otherwise
dispose of (or enter into any transaction or device which is designed to,
or could be expected to, result in the disposition by any person at any
time in the future of) any shares of Common Stock or securities convertible
into or exchangeable for Common Stock (other than the Stock) or (2) enter
into any swap or other derivatives transaction that transfers to another,
in whole or in part, any of the economic benefits or risks of ownership of
such shares of Common Stock, whether any such transaction described in
clause (1) or (2) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or
other securities, in cash or otherwise, in each case without the prior
written consent of ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Brothers Inc.
(b) That the Stock to be sold by the Selling Stockholder hereunder,
which is represented by the certificates held in custody for the Selling
Stockholder, is subject to the interest of the Underwriters and the other
Selling Stockholders thereunder, that the arrangements made by the Selling
Stockholder for such custody are to that extent irrevocable, and that the
obligations of the Selling Stockholder hereunder shall not be terminated by
any act of the Selling Stockholder, by operation of law, by the death or
incapacity of any individual Selling Stockholder or, in the case of a
trust, by the death or incapacity of any executor or trustee or the
termination of such trust, or the occurrence of any other event.
(c) To deliver to the Representatives prior to the First Delivery
Date a properly completed and executed United States Treasury Department
Form W-8 (if the Selling Stockholder is a non-United States person or Form
W-9 (if the Selling Stockholder is a United States person.)
8. Expenses. The Company agrees to pay (a) the costs incident to the
authorization, issuance, sale and delivery of the Stock and any taxes payable in
that connection; (b) the costs incident to the preparation, printing and filing
under the Securities Act of the Registration Statement and any amendments and
exhibits thereto; (c) the costs of distributing the Registration Statement as
originally filed and each amendment thereto and any post-effective amendments
thereof (including, in each case, exhibits), any Preliminary Prospectus, the
Prospectus and any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus, all as provided in
this Agreement; (d) the costs of producing and distributing this Agreement and
any other related documents in connection with the offering, purchase, sale and
delivery of the stock; (e) the costs of delivering and distributing the Custody
Agreements and the Powers of Attorney; (f) the filing fees incident to securing
any required review by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. of
the terms of sale of the Stock; (g) any applicable listing or other fees;
including, without limitation, the fees for quotation of the Common Stock on the
Nasdaq National Market; (h) the fees and expenses (not in excess, in
14
the aggregate, of $[2,500]) of qualifying the Stock under the securities laws of
the several jurisdictions as provided in Section 6(h) and of preparing, printing
and distributing a Blue Sky Memorandum (including related fees and expenses of
counsel to the Underwriters); (i) all costs and expenses of the Underwriters,
including the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters, incident
to the offer and sale of shares of the Stock by the Underwriters to employees
and persons having business relationships with the Company and its subsidiaries,
as described in Section 4; and (j) all other costs and expenses incident to the
performance of the obligations of the Company and the Selling Stockholders under
this Agreement; provided that, except as provided in this Section 8 and in
Section 13 the Underwriters shall pay their own costs and expenses, including
the costs and expenses of their counsel, any transfer taxes on the Stock which
they may sell and the expenses of advertising any offering of the Stock made by
the Underwriters, and the Selling Stockholders shall pay the fees and expenses
of their counsel, the Custodian (and any other attorney-in-fact), and any
transfer taxes payable in connection with their respective sales of Stock to the
Underwriters.
9. Conditions of Underwriters' Obligations. The respective
obligations of the Underwriters hereunder are subject to the accuracy, when made
and on each Delivery Date, of the representations and warranties of the Company
and the Selling Stockholders contained herein, to the performance by the Company
and the Selling Stockholders of their respective obligations hereunder, and to
each of the following additional terms and conditions:
(a) The Prospectus shall have been timely filed with the Commission
in accordance with Section 6(a); no stop order suspending the effectiveness
of the Registration Statement or any part thereof shall have been issued
and no proceeding for that purpose shall have been initiated or threatened
by the Commission; and any request of the Commission for inclusion of
additional information in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or
otherwise shall have been complied with.
(b) No Underwriter shall have discovered and disclosed to the Company
on or prior to such Delivery Date that the Registration Statement or the
Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto contains an untrue
statement of a fact which, in the opinion of ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇ LLP,
counsel for the Underwriters, is material or omits to state a fact which,
in the opinion of such counsel, is material and is required to be stated
therein or is necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.
(c) All corporate proceedings, including, without limitation, the
authorization and approval of the Recapitalization by the Company and the
Company's stockholders, and other legal matters incident to the
authorization, form and validity of this Agreement, the Custody Agreements
and the Powers of Attorney, the Stock, the Registration Statement and the
Prospectus, and all other legal matters relating to this Agreement and the
transactions contemplated hereby shall be reasonably satisfactory in all
material respects to counsel for the Underwriters, and the Company and the
Selling Stockholders shall have furnished to such counsel all documents and
information that they may reasonably request to enable them to pass upon
such matters.
(d) ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Professional Corporation shall have furnished
to the
15
Representatives its written opinion, as counsel to the Company, addressed
to the Underwriters and dated such Delivery Date, in form and substance
reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, to the effect that:
(i) The Company and each of its subsidiaries have been duly
incorporated and are validly existing as corporations in good standing
under the laws of their respective jurisdictions of incorporation, are
duly qualified to do business and are in good standing as foreign
corporations in each jurisdiction in which their respective ownership
or lease of property or the conduct of their respective businesses
requires such qualification and have all power and authority necessary
to own or hold their respective properties and conduct the businesses
in which they are engaged;
(ii) The Company has an authorized capitalization as set forth
in the Prospectus, and all of the issued shares of capital stock of
the Company (including the shares of Stock being delivered on such
Delivery Date) have been duly and validly authorized and issued, are
fully paid and non-assessable and conform to the description thereof
contained in the Prospectus; and all of the issued shares of capital
stock of each subsidiary of the Company have been duly and validly
authorized and issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and (except
for directors' qualifying shares) are owned directly or indirectly by
the Company, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, equities or
claims;
(iii) There are no preemptive or other rights to subscribe for
or to purchase, nor any restriction upon the voting or transfer of,
any shares of the Stock pursuant to the Company's charter or by-laws
or to the best of such counsel's knowledge, any agreement or other
instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it may be
bound;
(iv) [The Company and each of its subsidiaries have good and
marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them, in
each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and defects except
such as are described in the Prospectus or such as do not materially
affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with
the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company
and its subsidiaries; and] all real property and buildings held under
lease by the Company and its subsidiaries are held by them under
valid, subsisting and enforceable leases, with such exceptions as are
not material and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be
made of such property and buildings by the Company and its
subsidiaries;
(v) To the best of such counsel's knowledge and other than as
set forth in the Prospectus, there are no legal or governmental
proceedings pending to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is
a party or of which any property or assets of the Company or any of
its subsidiaries is the subject which, if determined adversely to the
Company or any of its subsidiaries, might have a material adverse
16
effect on the consolidated financial position, stockholders' equity,
results of operations, business or prospects of the Company and its
subsidiaries; and, to the best of such counsel's knowledge, no such
proceedings are threatened or contemplated by governmental authorities
or threatened by others;
(vi) The Registration Statement was declared effective under
the Securities Act as of the date and time specified in such opinion,
the Prospectus was filed with the Commission pursuant to the
subparagraph of Rule 424(b) of the Rules and Regulations specified in
such opinion on the date specified therein and no stop order
suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been
issued and, to the knowledge of such counsel, no proceeding for that
purpose is pending or threatened by the Commission;
(vii) The Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any
further amendments or supplements thereto made by the Company prior to
such Delivery Date (other than the financial statements and related
schedules therein, as to which such counsel need express no opinion)
comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of
the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations;
(viii) To the best of such counsel's knowledge, there are no
contracts or other documents which are required to be described in the
Prospectus or filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement by the
Securities Act or by the Rules and Regulations which have not been
described or filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement or
incorporated therein by reference as permitted by the Rules and
Regulations;
(ix) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and
delivered by the Company;
(x) The Recapitalization has been duly authorized and approved
by the Company and the Company's stockholders to the extent required
by law;
(xi) The issue and sale of the shares of Stock being delivered
on such Delivery Date by the Company and the compliance by the Company
with all of the provisions of this Agreement and the consummation of
the transactions contemplated hereby and by the Recapitalization will
not conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the
terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any indenture,
mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or
instrument known to such counsel to which the Company or any of its
subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its
subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets of the
Company or any of its subsidiaries is subject, nor will such actions
result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws of
the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any statute or any order,
rule or regulation known to such counsel of any court or governmental
agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its
subsidiaries or any of their properties or assets; and, except for the
registration of the Stock under the Securities Act and such
17
consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications
as may be required under the Exchange Act and applicable state
securities laws in connection with the purchase and distribution of
the Stock by the Underwriters, no consent, approval, authorization or
order of, or filing or registration with, any such court or
governmental agency or body is required for the execution, delivery
and performance of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation
of the transactions contemplated hereby and the Recapitilization; and
(xii) To the best of such counsel's knowledge, there are no
contracts, agreements or understandings between the Company and any
person granting such person the right (other than rights which have
been waived or satisfied) to require the Company to file a
registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to any
securities of the Company owned or to be owned by such person or the
right (other than rights which have been waived or satisfied) to
require the Company to include such securities in the securities
registered pursuant to the Registration Statement or in any securities
being registered pursuant to any other registration statement filed by
the Company under the Securities Act.
In rendering such opinion, such counsel may state that its opinion is
limited to matters governed by the Federal laws of the United States of
America, the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. Such counsel shall also have
furnished to the Representatives a written statement, addressed to the
Underwriters and dated such Delivery Date, in form and substance
satisfactory to the Representatives, to the effect that (x) such counsel
has acted as counsel to the Company from time to time (although the Company
is also represented by other outside counsel with respect to intellectual
property and other matters), has acted as counsel to the Company in
connection with previous financing transactions and has acted as counsel to
the Company in connection with the preparation of the Registration
Statement, and (y) based on the foregoing, no facts have come to the
attention of such counsel which lead it to believe that the Registration
Statement, as of the Effective Date, contained any untrue statement of a
material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not
misleading, or that the Prospectus contains any untrue statement of a
material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of
the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The foregoing
opinion and statement may be qualified by a statement to the effect that
such counsel does not assume any responsibility for the accuracy,
completeness or fairness of the statements contained in the Registration
Statement or the Prospectus or express any view as to the financial
statements and schedules and other financial data contained therein.
(e) ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Ingersoll Professional Corporation shall have furnished
to the Representatives its written opinion, as special counsel to the
Selling Stockholders, addressed to the Underwriters and dated the Delivery
Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives,
to the effect that:
18
(i) Each Selling Stockholder has full right, power and
authority to enter into this Agreement and the Custody Agreement and
Power of Attorney; the execution, delivery and performance of this
Agreement and the Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney by each
Selling Stockholder and the consummation by each Selling Stockholder
of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby will not conflict
with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or
provisions of, or constitute a default under, any statute, any
indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement
or instrument known to such counsel to which any Selling Stockholder
is a party or by which any Selling Stockholder is bound or to which
any of the property or assets of any Selling Stockholder is subject,
nor will such actions result in any violation of the charter or by-
laws of any Selling Stockholder, the articles of partnership of any
Selling Stockholder or any statute or any order, rule or regulation
known to such counsel of any court or governmental agency or body
having jurisdiction over any Selling Stockholder or the property or
assets of any Selling Stockholder; and, except for the registration of
the Stock under the Securities Act and such consents, approvals,
authorizations, registrations or qualifications as may be required
under the Exchange Act and applicable state securities laws in
connection with the purchase and distribution of the Stock by the
Underwriters. To the best of such counsel's knowledge, no consent,
approval, authorization or order of, or filing or registration with,
any such court or governmental agency or body is required for the
execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or the Custody
Agreement and Power of Attorney by any Selling Stockholder and the
consummation by any Selling Stockholder of the transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby;
(ii) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and
delivered by or on behalf of each Selling Stockholder;
(iii) A Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney has been duly
authorized, executed and delivered by each Selling Stockholder and
constitute valid and binding agreements of each Selling Stockholder,
enforceable in accordance with their respective terms;
(iv) Immediately prior to the First Delivery Date, each
Selling Stockholder had good and valid title to the shares of Stock to
be sold by such Selling Stockholder under this Agreement, free and
clear of all liens, encumbrances, equities or claims, and full right,
power and authority to sell, assign, transfer and deliver such shares
to be sold by such Selling Stockholder hereunder; and
(v) Good and valid title to the shares of Stock to be sold by
each Selling Stockholder under this Agreement, free and clear of all
liens, encumbrances, equities or claims, has been transferred to each
of the several Underwriters.
In rendering such opinion, such counsel may (i) state that its opinion is
limited to matters governed by the Federal laws of the United States of
America, the laws of the
19
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the General Corporation Law of the State
of Delaware and (ii) in rendering the opinion in Section 9(e)(iv) above,
rely upon a certificate of each Selling Stockholder in respect of matters
of fact as to ownership of and liens, encumbrances, equities or claims on
the shares of Stock sold by such Selling Stockholder, provided that such
counsel shall furnish copies thereof to the Representatives and state that
it believes that both the Underwriters and it are justified in relying upon
such certificate. Such counsel shall also have furnished to the
Representatives a written statement, addressed to the Underwriters and
dated the Delivery Date, in form and substance satisfactory to the
Representatives, to the effect that (x) such counsel has acted as counsel
to each Selling Stockholder in connection with the preparation of the
Registration Statement, and (y) based on the foregoing, no facts have come
to the attention of such counsel which lead it to believe that the
Registration Statement, as of the Effective Date, contained any untrue
statement of a material fact relating to any Selling Stockholder or omitted
to state such a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in
order to make the statements therein not misleading, or that the Prospectus
contains any untrue statement of a material fact relating to any Selling
Stockholder or omits to state such a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of
the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The foregoing
opinion and statement may be qualified by a statement to the effect that
such counsel does not assume any responsibility for the accuracy,
completeness or fairness of the statements contained in the Registration
Statement or the Prospectus or express any view as to the financial
statements and schedules and other financial data contained therein.
(f) ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, LLC shall have furnished to the
Representatives its written opinion, as special counsel to the Company,
addressed to the Underwriters and dated such Delivery Date, in form and
substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, to the effect
that:
(i) To the best of such counsel's knowledge, the Company has
clear title to the pending patent applications described in Exhibit A
to such opinion. To the best of such counsel's knowledge, there are
no agreements, collaboration or other transactions between any
business entity, university, government agency, institute or research
group and the Company which adversely affect the Company's right to or
title in the pending patent applications described on Exhibit A to
such opinion;
(ii) Assignments from the inventors to the Company have been
filed with United States Patent and Trademark Office for each of the
pending patent applications described on Exhibit A to such opinion;
(iii) The pending patent applications described on Exhibit A to
such opinion were properly prepared and filed;
(iv) All of the pending patent applications described on
Exhibit A to such opinion are being diligently pursued by the Company;
20
(v) To the best of such counsel's knowledge, no activities of
the Company or others prior to the filing dates of any of the pending
patent applications described on Exhibit A to such opinion would
constitute a bar or otherwise adversely affect the patentability of
the subject matter of any of the pending patent applications described
on Exhibit A to such opinion. All prior art and other information
which is material to the examination of each of the pending patent
applications which is known to us has been or will be disclosed to the
United States Patent and Trademark Office. It is such counsel's
opinion, based on the prior art of which such counsel has knowledge,
that the United States Patent and Trademark Office can reasonably be
expected to allow the pending patent applications described on Exhibit
A to such opinion;
(vi) The Company and each of its subsidiaries owns or possesses
adequate rights to use all patents, patent applications, trademarks,
service marks, trade names, trademark registrations, copyrights and
licenses necessary for the conduct of their respective businesses and
such counsel is not aware of any pending or threatened action, suit,
proceeding, or claim by others with respect to such rights or that the
Company is infringing any patents, patent rights or rights thereto of
others;
(vii) To the best of such counsel's knowledge, the conduct of
the Company's business as contemplated by the Prospectus included as
part of the Registration Statement does not and will not conflict with
patents, patent rights, copyrights or licenses of others;
(viii) To the best of such counsel's knowledge, the Company has
not granted any person any license or other rights to use in any
manner any of the pending patent applications described on Exhibit A
to such opinion; and
(ix) To the extent they constitute a summary of legal matters,
documents or proceedings referred to therein, the statements in the
Prospectus under the captions "Risk Factors--Limited Protection of
Proprietary Rights; Enforcement of Rights" and "Business--Products and
Services" and "--Intellectual Property" are accurate in all material
respects and fairly summarize in all material respects all matters
referred to therein, and none of the statements contained in the
aforementioned portions of the Prospectus contain any untrue statement
of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be
stated therein, or necessary in order to make the statements therein,
in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading.
(g) The Representatives shall have received from ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇
LLP, counsel for the Underwriters, such opinion or opinions, dated such
Delivery Date, with respect to the Registration Statement and the
Prospectus and other related matters as the Representatives may reasonably
require, and the Company shall have furnished to such counsel such
documents as they reasonably request for the purpose of enabling them to
pass
21
upon such matters.
(h) At the time of execution of this Agreement, the Representatives
shall have received from Price Waterhouse Coopers LLP a letter, in form and
substance satisfactory to the Representatives, addressed to the
Underwriters and dated the date hereof (i) confirming that they are
independent public accountants within the meaning of the Securities Act and
are in compliance with the applicable requirements relating to the
qualification of accountants under Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X of the
Commission, (ii) stating, as of the date hereof (or, with respect to
matters involving changes or developments since the respective dates as of
which specified financial information is given in the Prospectus, as of a
date not more than five days prior to the date hereof), the conclusions and
findings of such firm with respect to the financial information and other
matters ordinarily covered by accountants' "comfort letters" to
underwriters in connection with registered public offerings.
(i) With respect to the letter of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
referred to in the preceding paragraph and delivered to the Representatives
concurrently with the execution of this Agreement (the "initial letter"),
the Company shall have furnished to the Representatives a letter (the
"bring-down letter") of such accountants, addressed to the Underwriters and
dated such Delivery Date (i) confirming that they are independent public
accountants within the meaning of the Securities Act and are in compliance
with the applicable requirements relating to the qualification of
accountants under Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X of the Commission, (ii)
stating, as of the date of the bring-down letter (or, with respect to
matters involving changes or developments since the respective dates as of
which specified financial information is given in the Prospectus, as of a
date not more than five days prior to the date of the bring-down letter),
the conclusions and findings of such firm with respect to the financial
information and other matters covered by the initial letter and (iii)
confirming in all material respects the conclusions and findings set forth
in the initial letter.
(j) The Company shall have furnished to the Representatives a
certificate, dated such Delivery Date, of its Chairman of the Board, its
President or a Vice President and its chief financial officer stating that:
(i) The representations, warranties and agreements of the
Company in Section 1 are true and correct as of such Delivery Date;
the Company has complied with all its agreements contained herein; and
the conditions set forth in Sections 9(a) and 9(m) have been
fulfilled; and
(ii) They have carefully examined the Registration Statement
and the Prospectus and, in their opinion (A) as of the Effective Date,
the Registration Statement and Prospectus did not include any untrue
statement of a material fact and did not omit to state a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein not misleading, and (B) since the Effective Date no event has
occurred which should have been set forth in a supplement or amendment
to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus.
22
(k) Each Selling Stockholder (or the Custodian or one or more
attorneys-in-fact on behalf of the Selling Stockholders) shall have
furnished to the Representatives on the Delivery Date a certificate, dated
the Delivery Date, signed by, or on behalf of, the Selling Stockholder (or
the Custodian or one or more attorneys-in-fact) stating that the
representations, warranties and agreements of the Selling Stockholder
contained herein are true and correct as of the Delivery Date and that the
Selling Stockholder has complied with all agreements contained herein to be
performed by the Selling Stockholder at or prior to the Delivery Date.
(m) (i) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries shall have
sustained since the date of the latest audited financial statements
included in the Prospectus any loss or interference with its business from
fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by
insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order
or decree, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Prospectus or
(ii) since such date there shall not have been any change in the capital
stock or long-term debt of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any
change, or any development involving a prospective change, in or affecting
the general affairs, management, financial position, stockholders' equity
or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, otherwise
than as set forth or contemplated in the Prospectus, the effect of which,
in any such case described in clause (i) or (ii), is, in the judgment of
the Representatives, so material and adverse as to make it impracticable or
inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or the delivery of the
Stock being delivered on such Delivery Date on the terms and in the manner
contemplated in the Prospectus.
(n) Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement there
shall not have occurred any of the following: (i) trading in securities
generally on the New York Stock Exchange or the American Stock Exchange or
in the over-the-counter market, or trading in any securities of the Company
on any exchange or in the over-the-counter market, shall have been
suspended or minimum prices shall have been established on any such
exchange or such market by the Commission, by such exchange or by any other
regulatory body or governmental authority having jurisdiction, (ii) a
banking moratorium shall have been declared by Federal or state
authorities, (iii) the United States shall have become engaged in
hostilities, there shall have been an escalation in hostilities involving
the United States or there shall have been a declaration of a national
emergency or war by the United States or (iv) there shall have occurred
such a material adverse change in general economic, political or financial
conditions (or the effect of international conditions on the financial
markets in the United States shall be such) as to make it, in the judgment
of a majority in interest of the several Underwriters, impracticable or
inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or delivery of the Stock
being delivered on such Delivery Date on the terms and in the manner
contemplated in the Prospectus.
(o) The Nasdaq National Market shall have approved the Stock for
inclusion, subject only to official notice of issuance and evidence of
satisfactory distribution.
(p) You shall have been furnished with such additional documents and
certificates
23
as you or counsel for the Underwriters may reasonably request related to
this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby.
All opinions, letters, evidence and certificates mentioned above or
elsewhere in this Agreement shall be deemed to be in compliance with the
provisions hereof only if they are in form and substance reasonably
satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters.
10. Indemnification and Contribution.
(a) The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter,
its officers and employees and each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter
within the meaning of the Securities Act, from and against any loss, claim,
damage or liability, joint or several, or any action in respect thereof
(including, but not limited to, any loss, claim, damage, liability or action
relating to purchases and sales of Stock), to which that Underwriter, officer,
employee or controlling person may become subject, under the Securities Act or
otherwise, insofar as such loss, claim, damage, liability or action arises out
of, or is based upon, (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a
material fact contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration
Statement or the Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto, (ii) the
omission or alleged omission to state in any Preliminary Prospectus, the
Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or in any amendment or supplement
thereto, or in any Blue Sky Application any material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or (iii) any
act or failure to act or any alleged act or failure to act by any Underwriter in
connection with, or relating in any manner to, the Stock or the offering
contemplated hereby, and which is included as part of or referred to in any
loss, claim, damage, liability or action arising out of or based upon matters
covered by clause (i) or (ii) above (provided that the Company shall not be
liable under this clause (iii) to the extent that it is determined in a final
judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction that such loss, claim, damage,
liability or action resulted directly from any such acts or failures to act
undertaken or omitted to be taken by such Underwriter through its gross
negligence or willful misconduct), and shall reimburse each Underwriter and each
such officer, employee or controlling person promptly upon demand for any legal
or other expenses reasonably incurred by that Underwriter, officer, employee or
controlling person in connection with investigating or defending or preparing to
defend against any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action as such
expenses are incurred; provided, however, that the Company shall not be liable
in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage, liability or
action arises out of, or is based upon, any untrue statement or alleged untrue
statement or omission or alleged omission made in any Preliminary Prospectus,
the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or in any such amendment or
supplement, in reliance upon and in conformity with written information
concerning such Underwriter furnished to the Company through the Representatives
by or on behalf of any Underwriter specifically for inclusion therein which
information consists solely of the information specified in Section 10(f). The
foregoing indemnity agreement is in addition to any liability which the Company
may otherwise have to any Underwriter or to any officer, employee or controlling
person of that Underwriter.
(b) The Selling Stockholders, severally in proportion to the number
of shares of Stock to be sold by each of them hereunder, shall indemnify and
hold harmless each Underwriter, its officers and employees, and each person, if
any, who controls any Underwriter within the
24
meaning of the Securities Act, from and against any loss, claim, damage or
liability, joint or several, or any action in respect thereof (including, but
not limited to, any loss, claim, damage, liability or action relating to
purchases and sales of Stock), to which that Underwriter, officer, employee or
controlling person may become subject, under the Securities Act or otherwise,
insofar as such loss, claim, damage, liability or action arises out of, or is
based upon, (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material
fact contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement or the
Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or (ii) the omission or
alleged omission to state in any Preliminary Prospectus, Registration Statement
or the Prospectus, or in any amendment or supplement thereto, any material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not
misleading, and shall reimburse each Underwriter, its officers and employees and
each such controlling person for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred
by that Underwriter, its officers and employees or controlling person in
connection with investigating or defending or preparing to defend against any
such loss, claim, damage, liability or action as such expenses are incurred;
provided, however, that the Selling Stockholders shall not be liable in any such
case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action arises
out of, or is based upon, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or
omission or alleged omission made in any Preliminary Prospectus, the
Registration Statement or the Prospectus or in any such amendment or supplement
in reliance upon and in conformity with written information concerning such
Underwriter furnished to the Company through the Representatives by or on behalf
of any Underwriter specifically for inclusion therein which information consists
solely of the information specified in Section 10(f). Notwithstanding the
foregoing sentence, the aggregate liability of any Selling Stockholder pursuant
to the provisions of this paragraph shall be limited to an amount equal to the
aggregate purchase price, less underwriting discounts and commissions, received
by such Selling Stockholder from the sale of such Selling Stockholder's Stock
hereunder. The foregoing indemnity agreement is in addition to any liability
which the Selling Stockholders may otherwise have to any Underwriter or any
officer, employee or controlling person of that Underwriter.
(c) Each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, shall indemnify and
hold harmless the Company, its officers and employees, each of its directors,
and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of the
Securities Act, from and against any loss, claim, damage or liability, joint or
several, or any action in respect thereof, to which the Company or any such
director, officer or controlling person may become subject, under the Securities
Act or otherwise, insofar as such loss, claim, damage, liability or action
arises out of, or is based upon, (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue
statement of a material fact contained (A) in any Preliminary Prospectus, the
Registration Statement or the Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement
thereto, or (B) in any Blue Sky Application or (ii) the omission or alleged
omission to state in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement or
the Prospectus, or in any amendment or supplement thereto, or in any Blue Sky
Application any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make
the statements therein not misleading, but in each case only to the extent that
the untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission
was made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information concerning
such Underwriter furnished to the Company through the Representatives by or on
behalf of that Underwriter specifically for inclusion therein, and shall
reimburse the Company and any such director, officer or controlling person for
any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Company or any such
director,
25
officer or controlling person in connection with investigating or defending or
preparing to defend against any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action as
such expenses are incurred. The foregoing indemnity agreement is in addition to
any liability which any Underwriter may otherwise have to the Company or any
such director, officer, employee or controlling person.
(d) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section
10 of notice of any claim or the commencement of any action, the indemnified
party shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the
indemnifying party under this Section 10, notify the indemnifying party in
writing of the claim or the commencement of that action; provided, however, that
the failure to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any
liability which it may have under this Section 10 except to the extent it has
been materially prejudiced by such failure and, provided further, that the
failure to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability
which it may have to an indemnified party otherwise than under this Section 10.
If any such claim or action shall be brought against an indemnified party, and
it shall notify the indemnifying party thereof, the indemnifying party shall be
entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it wishes, jointly with
any other similarly notified indemnifying party, to assume the defense thereof
with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party. After notice from
the indemnifying party to the indemnified party of its election to assume the
defense of such claim or action, the indemnifying party shall not be liable to
the indemnified party under this Section 10 for any legal or other expenses
subsequently incurred by the indemnified party in connection with the defense
thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation; provided, however, that
the Representatives shall have the right to employ counsel to represent jointly
the Representatives and those other Underwriters and their respective officers,
employees and controlling persons who may be subject to liability arising out of
any claim in respect of which indemnity may be sought by the Underwriters
against the Company or any Selling Stockholder under this Section 10 if, in the
reasonable judgment of the Representatives, it is advisable for the
Representatives and those Underwriters, officers, employees and controlling
persons to be jointly represented by separate counsel, and in that event the
fees and expenses of such separate counsel shall be paid by the Company or the
Selling Stockholders. No indemnifying party shall (i) without the prior written
consent of the indemnified parties (which consent shall not be unreasonably
withheld), settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment with
respect to any pending or threatened claim, action, suit or proceeding in
respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder
(whether or not the indemnified parties are actual or potential parties to such
claim or action) unless such settlement, compromise or consent includes an
unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising out
of such claim, action, suit or proceeding, or (ii) be liable for any settlement
of any such action effected without its written consent (which consent shall not
be unreasonably withheld), but if settled with the consent of the indemnifying
party or if there be a final judgment of the plaintiff in any such action, the
indemnifying party agrees to indemnify and hold harmless any indemnified party
from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement or judgment.
(e) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 10 shall for
any reason be unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified
party under Section 10(a), 10(b) or 10(c) in respect of any loss, claim, damage
or liability, or any action in respect thereof, referred to therein, then each
indemnifying party shall, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party,
26
contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result
of such loss, claim, damage or liability, or action in respect thereof, (i) in
such proportion as shall be appropriate to reflect the relative benefits
received by the Company and the Selling Stockholders on the one hand and the
Underwriters on the other from the offering of the Stock or (ii) if the
allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by applicable law, in
such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits
referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the Company and
the Selling Stockholders on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other with
respect to the statements or omissions which resulted in such loss, claim,
damage or liability, or action in respect thereof, as well as any other relevant
equitable considerations; provided that no Selling Stockholders shall be
required to contribute in excess of the amount of the purchase price for the
sale of Stock of such Selling Stockholders less underwriting discounts and
commissions. The relative benefits received by the Company and the Selling
Stockholders on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other with respect to
such offering shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net
proceeds from the offering of the Stock purchased under this Agreement (before
deducting expenses) received by the Company and the Selling Stockholders, on the
one hand, and the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the
Underwriters with respect to the shares of the Stock purchased under this
Agreement, on the other hand, bear to the total gross proceeds from the offering
of the shares of the Stock under this Agreement, in each case as set forth in
the table on the cover page of the Prospectus. The relative fault shall be
determined by reference to whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a
material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates
to information supplied by the Company, the Selling Stockholders or the
Underwriters, the intent of the parties and their relative knowledge, access to
information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission.
The Company, the Selling Stockholders and the Underwriters agree that it would
not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this Section 10(e) were
to be determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated
as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does
not take into account the equitable considerations referred to herein. The
amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the loss, claim,
damage or liability, or action in respect thereof, referred to above in this
Section shall be deemed to include, for purposes of this Section 10(e), any
legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in
connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim.
Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 10(e), no Underwriter shall be
required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total
price at which the Stock underwritten by it and distributed to the public was
offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages which such Underwriter
has otherwise paid or become liable to pay by reason of any untrue or alleged
untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent
misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 10(f) of the Securities Act)
shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such
fraudulent misrepresentation. The Underwriters' obligations to contribute as
provided in this Section 10(e) are several in proportion to their respective
underwriting obligations and not joint.
(f) The Underwriters severally confirm and the Company acknowledges
that the statements with respect to the public offering of the Stock by the
Underwriters set forth on the cover page of, the legend concerning over-
allotments on the inside front cover page of and the concession and reallowance
figures appearing under the caption "Underwriting" in, the Prospectus
27
are correct and constitute the only information concerning such Underwriters
furnished in writing to the Company by or on behalf of the Underwriters
specifically for inclusion in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.
11. Defaulting Underwriters.
If, on either Delivery Date, any Underwriter defaults in the
performance of its obligations under this Agreement, the remaining non-
defaulting Underwriters shall be obligated to purchase the Stock which the
defaulting Underwriter agreed but failed to purchase on such Delivery Date in
the respective proportions which the number of shares of the Firm Stock set
opposite the name of each remaining non-defaulting Underwriter in Schedule 1
hereto bears to the total number of shares of the Firm Stock set opposite the
names of all the remaining non-defaulting Underwriters in Schedule 1 hereto;
provided, however, that the remaining non-defaulting Underwriters shall not be
obligated to purchase any of the Stock on such Delivery Date if the total number
of shares of the Stock which the defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed
but failed to purchase on such date exceeds 9.09% of the total number of shares
of the Stock to be purchased on such Delivery Date, and any remaining non-
defaulting Underwriter shall not be obligated to purchase more than 110% of the
number of shares of the Stock which it agreed to purchase on such Delivery Date
pursuant to the terms of Section 3. If the foregoing maximums are exceeded, the
remaining non-defaulting Underwriters, or those other underwriters satisfactory
to the Representatives who so agree, shall have the right, but shall not be
obligated, to purchase, in such proportion as may be agreed upon among them, all
the Stock to be purchased on such Delivery Date. If the remaining Underwriters
or other underwriters satisfactory to the Representatives do not elect to
purchase the shares which the defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed but
failed to purchase on such Delivery Date, this Agreement (or, with respect to
the Second Delivery Date, the obligation of the Underwriters to purchase, and of
the Company and the Selling Stockholders to sell, the Option Stock) shall
terminate without liability on the part of any non-defaulting Underwriter or the
Company or the Selling Stockholders, except that the Company will continue to be
liable for the payment of expenses to the extent set forth in Sections 8 and 13.
As used in this Agreement, the term "Underwriter" includes, for all purposes of
this Agreement unless the context requires otherwise, any party not listed in
Schedule 1 hereto who, pursuant to this Section 11, purchases Firm Stock which a
defaulting Underwriter agreed but failed to purchase.
Nothing contained herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter of any
liability it may have to the Company and the Selling Stockholders for damages
caused by its default. If other underwriters are obligated or agree to purchase
the Stock of a defaulting or withdrawing Underwriter, either the Representatives
or the Company may postpone the Delivery Date for up to seven full business days
in order to effect any changes that in the opinion of counsel for the Company or
counsel for the Underwriters may be necessary in the Registration Statement, the
Prospectus or in any other document or arrangement.
12. Termination. The obligations of the Underwriters hereunder may be
terminated by the Representatives by notice given to and received by the Company
and the Selling Stockholders prior to delivery of and payment for the Firm Stock
if, prior to that time, any of the events described in Section 9(m) or 9(n),
shall have occurred or if the Underwriters shall decline to
28
purchase the Stock for any reason permitted under this Agreement.
13. Reimbursement of Underwriters' Expenses. If (a) the Company or
any Selling Stockholder shall fail to tender the Stock for delivery to the
Underwriters by reason of any failure, refusal or inability on the part of the
Company or any Selling Stockholder(s) to perform any agreement on its part to be
performed, or because any other condition of the Underwriters' obligations
hereunder required to be fulfilled by the Company or the Selling Stockholder(s)
is not fulfilled, the Company and the Selling Stockholder(s) will reimburse the
Underwriters for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses (including fees and
disbursements of counsel) incurred by the Underwriters in connection with this
Agreement and the proposed purchase of the Stock, and upon demand the Company
and the Selling Stockholder(s) shall pay the full amount thereof to the
Representative(s). If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to Section 12 by
reason of the default of one or more Underwriters, neither the Company nor any
Selling Stockholder shall be obligated to reimburse any defaulting Underwriter
on account of those expenses.
14. Notices, etc. All statements, requests, notices and agreements
hereunder shall be in writing, and:
(a) if to the Underwriters, shall be delivered or sent by mail, telex
or facsimile transmission to ▇▇▇▇▇▇ Brothers Inc., Three World Financial
Center, New York, New York 10285, Attention: Syndicate Department (Fax:
▇▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇), with a copy, in the case of any notice pursuant to Section
11(d), to the Director of Litigation, Office of the General Counsel, ▇▇▇▇▇▇
Brothers Inc., ▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇;
(b) if to the Company, shall be delivered or sent by mail, telex or
facsimile transmission to the address of the Company set forth in the
Registration Statement, Attention: ▇▇. ▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ (Fax: (610) 578-
1001);
(c) if to any Selling Stockholders, shall be delivered or sent by
mail, telex or facsimile transmission to such Selling Stockholder at the
address set forth on Schedule 2 hereto;
provided, however, that any notice to an Underwriter pursuant to Section 10(d)
shall be delivered or sent by mail, telex or facsimile transmission to such
Underwriter at its address set forth in its acceptance telex to the
Representatives, which address will be supplied to any other party hereto by the
Representatives upon request. Any such statements, requests, notices or
agreements shall take effect at the time of receipt thereof. The Company and the
Selling Stockholders shall be entitled to act and rely upon any request,
consent, notice or agreement given or made on behalf of the Underwriters by
▇▇▇▇▇▇ Brothers Inc. on behalf of the Representatives and the Company and the
Underwriters shall be entitled to act and rely upon any request, consent, notice
or agreement given or made on behalf of the Selling Stockholders by the
Custodian.
15. Persons Entitled to Benefit of Agreement. This Agreement shall
inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Underwriters, the Company, the
Selling Stockholders and their respective personal representatives and
successors. This Agreement and the terms and provisions
29
hereof are for the sole benefit of only those persons, except that (A) the
representations, warranties, indemnities and agreements of the Company and the
Selling Stockholders contained in this Agreement shall also be deemed to be for
the benefit of the person or persons, if any, who control any Underwriter within
the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and (B) the indemnity agreement
of the Underwriters contained in Section 10(c) of this Agreement shall be deemed
to be for the benefit of directors of the Company, officers of the Company who
have signed the Registration Statement and any person controlling the Company
within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act. Nothing in this
Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any person, other than the
persons referred to in this Section 15, any legal or equitable right, remedy or
claim under or in respect of this Agreement or any provision contained herein.
16. Survival. The respective indemnities, representations, warranties
and agreements of the Company, the Selling Stockholders and the Underwriters
contained in this Agreement or made by or on behalf on them, respectively,
pursuant to this Agreement, shall survive the delivery of and payment for the
Stock and shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation
made by or on behalf of any of them or any person controlling any of them.
17. Definition of the Terms "Business Day" and "Subsidiary". For
purposes of this Agreement, (a) "business day" means each Monday, Tuesday,
Wednesday, Thursday or Friday which is not a day on which banking institutions
in New York are generally authorized or obligated by law or executive order to
close and (b) "subsidiary" has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 of the Rules
and Regulations.
18. Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED
IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF NEW YORK APPLICABLE TO AGREEMENTS MADE AND TO BE
PERFORMED IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CONFLICT OF LAW
PROVISIONS.
19. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more
counterparts and, if executed in more than one counterpart, the executed
counterparts shall each be deemed to be an original but all such counterparts
shall together constitute one and the same instrument.
20. Headings. The headings herein are inserted for convenience of
reference only and are not intended to be part of, or to affect the meaning or
interpretation of, this Agreement.
30
If the foregoing correctly sets forth the agreement among the Company,
the Selling Stockholders and the Underwriters, please indicate your acceptance
in the space provided for that purpose below.
Very truly yours,
ANALYTICAL GRAPHICS, INC.
By:______________________________________
Name:
Title:
The Selling Stockholders named in Schedule 2 to
this Agreement
By:______________________________________
Attorney-in-Fact
Accepted:
▇▇▇▇▇▇ BROTHERS INC.
NATIONSBANC ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ SECURITIES LLC
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇ LLC
For themselves and as Representatives
of the several Underwriters named
in Schedule 1 hereto
BY: ▇▇▇▇▇▇ BROTHERS INC.
By: _____________________________________
Authorized Representative
31
SCHEDULE 1
Underwriters Number of Number of
------------
Firm Shares Option Shares
-------------- ---------------
▇▇▇▇▇▇ Brothers Inc.....................
NationsBanc ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Securities LLC...
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇ LLC...................
Total
================== ====================
32
SCHEDULE 2
Number of Number of
Name and address of Selling Stockholder Firm Shares Option Shares
--------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------
Total
=================== ==================
33