EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
--------------------
By signing below, I, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, agree to the terms and conditions
of employment by EnviroSource, Inc. (the "Company") set forth in this
Employment Agreement (the "Agreement").
WHEREAS, the Company is relocating its corporate headquarters to
Horsham, Pennsylvania;
WHEREAS, the continuation of my duties requires me to relocate to that
area;
THEREFORE, the Company and I agree as follows:
1. Term of Agreement. My employment by the Company under this
------------------
Agreement shall commence on June 1, 1996 and shall end on May 31, 1999 (the
"Expiration Date"), unless sooner terminated under Section 5 of this
Agreement.
2. Nature of Duties. I shall continue my duties as Vice President -
----------------
Taxes of the Company. As such, I shall have all of the customary powers
and duties associated with that office and those I currently perform. I
shall be subject to the Company's supervisory procedures and approval practices,
as generally in effect from time-to-time.
3. Place of Performance. I shall be based at Company headquarters in
--------------------
Horsham, Pennsylvania, except for required travel on the Company's business.
4. Compensation and Related Matters.
----------------------------------
(a) Base Salary. The Company shall pay me base salary at an annual
-----------
rate of $147,800, or such higher amount as it elects to pay me.
My base salary shall be paid in conformity with the Company's salary
payment practices generally applicable to other executives of the
Company.
(b) Bonuses. I shall be eligible for bonuses and other incentive
-------
compensation under bonus and incentive compensation plans of the Company
generally available to other executives of the Company.
(c) Stock Options, Restricted Stock, and Incentive Plans. I shall be
------------------------------------------------------
eligible to participate in all stock option, restricted stock, and
incentive plans generally available to other executives of the
Company.
(d) Standard Benefits. During my employment I shall be entitled
-----------------
to participate in all employee benefit plans and programs,
including paid vacations, generally available to other executives of
the Company.
(e) Indemnification. The Company shall extend to me the same
---------------
indemnification arrangements as are generally provided to other
executives of the Company.
(f) Expenses. I shall be entitled to receive prompt reimbursement for
--------
all reasonable and customary travel and business expenses I incur in
connection with my employment, but I must incur and account for those
expenses in accordance with the policies and procedures established by
the Company.
(g) Right to Change Policies. The Company reserves its right to amend,
------------------------
modify or change its benefit policies and procedures, at any time,
without notice.
5. Compensation Upon Termination. If, during the term of this
-----------------------------
Agreement, I am terminated without Just Cause or if I resign for Good
Reason, I shall be entitled to receive severance pay for up to 18 months at my
then base salary rate and medical and dental benefits of the nature then
generally being provided to employees of the Company provided I sign a general
release in the form attached as Schedule 1 to this Agreement. Such severance pay
and benefits shall cease upon my reemployment in a comparable position during
such 18 month period. The Company shall have no further obligation to me under
this Agreement, except its ongoing indemnification obligation under Section
4(e). If I fail to execute the release provided to me within 60 days after I
am terminated without Just Cause or resign for Good Reason (or, if the
Company disputes that I was terminated without Just Cause, within 60 days
after an arbitrator first determines that I was terminated without Just Cause),
or if I thereafter properly revoke the release, I shall not be entitled
to salary continuation payments and benefits under this Section 5. I agree
that I shall have no rights or remedies in the event of my termination without
Just Cause other than those set forth in this Agreement.
(a) Termination for Just Cause. The Company may terminate my
--------------------------
employment for Just Cause at any time without advance notice. "Just
Cause" shall mean:
(i) gross neglect or failure to perform my duties, in either case,
after I have been given written notice of such neglect or failure
and a reasonable opportunity to cure my default; or
(ii) acts of fraud, theft of dishonesty on my part; or
(iii) my conviction of or plea of guilty or nolo contendere to a felony.
(b) Resignation For Good Reason: I may terminate my employment
----------------------------
voluntarily for Good Reason after giving the Company written notice
of the grounds for such Good Reason within 30 days of my knowledge
of the facts giving rise to such Good Reason to terminate, and
allowing the Company the opportunity to cure the circumstances giving
rise to Good Reason to terminate within 30 days of receipt of the
written notice. "Good Reason" shall mean:
(i) a material diminution in my responsibility;
(ii) a reduction in my base salary; or
(iii) a second required relocation of more than 50 miles from the
Company's headquarters in Horsham, PA within the term of this Agreement.
(c) Company Affiliates: I acknowledge that the Company's plans may
-------------------
result in a change in my employer to an affiliate of the Company.
This change alone shall not constitute a termination for "Just
Cause" or be grounds for resignation with "Good Cause."
(d) Resignation For Other Than Good Reason: In the event I terminate
---------------------------------------
my employment voluntarily, I will (1) give the Company at least 30
days' advance written notice, and (2) be entitled to any accrued, but
unpaid base salary and any other unpaid amounts due me through the
date of my resignation under Company compensation or benefit programs.
(e) Disputes Under This Section. All disputes relating to this
----------------------------
Agreement, including disputes relating to this Section, shall be
resolved by final and binding arbitration under Section 8. For
example, if I and the Company disagree as to whether the Company had
Just Cause to terminate my employment, we will resolve the dispute
through arbitration; the arbitrator will decide whether Just Cause
existed.
6. Confidentiality. I acknowledge that I currently possess or will
---------------
acquire secret, confidential, or proprietary information or trade
secrets concerning the operations, future plans, or business methods of the
Company or its affiliates. I agree that the Company would be severely damaged
if I used or disclosed this information. To prevent this harm, I am making
the promises set forth in this Section 6.
(a) Promise Not To Disclose. I promise never to use or disclose any
-----------------------
such information before it has become generally known within the
relevant industry through no fault of my own. I agree that this
promise shall never expire.
(b) Promise Not To Solicit. To prevent me from inevitably breaking
------------------------
this promise, I further agree that, for a period of two years
commencing on the date of my termination of employment for any reason:
(i) as to any customer or supplier of the Company or its affiliates
with whom I had dealings or about whom I acquired proprietary
information during my employment, I will not solicit or attempt to
solicit the customer or supplier to do business with any person or
entity; and (ii) I will not solicit for employment any person who is,
or within the preceding six months was, an officer, manager, employee,
or consultant of the Company or its affiliates.
(c) Promise Not To Engage In Certain Employment. I agree that for a
--------------------------------------------
period of two years commencing on the date of my termination of
employment for any reason, I will not accept any employment or
engage in any activity, without the written consent of the
President of the Company, if the loyal and complete fulfillment of my
duties would inevitably require me to reveal or utilize trade
secrets or other confidential information which I have promised not
to disclose, as reasonably determined by the President of the
Company.
(d) Promise To Discuss Proposed Actions In Advance. To prevent the
-----------------------------------------------
inevitable use or disclosure of trade secrets or confidential
information, I promise that, before I disclose or use information
and before I commence employment, solicitations, or any other
activity which could possibly violate the promises I have just made,
I will discuss my proposed actions with the President of the Company,
who will advise me whether my proposed actions would violate these
promises.
7. Notice. Notices, demands, and all other communications provided
------
for in this Agreement shall be given in writing and shall be deemed to have been
given when delivered or mailed by United States certified or registered mail,
return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed as follows:
If to the Company:
EnviroSource, Inc.
Horsham Business Center
▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇
Corporate Secretary
If to me:
▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇
or to such other address as any party may have furnished to the other by giving
notice under this Section, except that notices of change of address shall be
effective only upon receipt.
8. Arbitration of Disputes.
-----------------------
(a) Arbitrable Disputes. The Company and I agree to use final and
-------------------
binding arbitration to resolve any dispute (an "Arbitrable Dispute")
I may have with the Company or any affiliate. This arbitration
agreement applies to such things as disputes about the validity,
interpretation, or effect of this Agreement, or alleged violations
of it.
(b) Injunctive Relief. Notwithstanding Section 8(a), due to the
------------------
irreparable harm that would result from an actual or threatened
violation of Section 6 that involves disclosure or use of
confidential information, trade secrets, or competition with the
Company, I agree that the Company may seek, and shall be entitled to
obtain, an injunction prohibiting me from committing such a
violation.
(c) The Arbitration. Arbitration shall take place in Philadelphia
----------------
before an experienced employment arbitrator licensed to practice
law in Pennsylvania and selected in accordance with the Employment
Dispute Resolution Rules of the American Arbitration Association.
The arbitrator may not modify or change this Agreement in any way.
(d) Fees and Expenses. Each party shall pay the fees of their
--------------------
respective attorneys, the expenses of their witnesses, and any other
expenses connected with the arbitration, but all other costs of
the arbitration, including the fees of the arbitrator, cost of any
record or transcript of the arbitration, administrative fees, and
other fees and costs shall be paid in equal shares by me and the
Company.
(e) Exclusive Remedy. Arbitration in this manner shall be the
-----------------
exclusive remedy for any Arbitrable Dispute. Should I or the Company
attempt to resolve an Arbitrable Dispute by any method other than
arbitration pursuant to this Section, the responding party will be
entitled to recover from the initiating party all damages, expenses,
and attorneys' fees incurred as a result of that breach.
9. Internal Revenue Code Section 280G Limitation. I agree that my
------------------------------------------------
payments and benefits under this Agreement and all other contracts,
arrangements, or programs shall not, in the aggregate, exceed the
maximum amount that may be paid to me without triggering penalties
under Section 280G and related provisions of the Internal Revenue
Code, as determined in good faith by the Company's independent
auditors. If any benefits must be cut back to avoid triggering such
penalties, my benefits shall be cut back in the priority order I
designate or, if I fail promptly to designate an order, in the
priority order designated by the Company. If an amount in excess of
the limit set forth in this Section is paid to me, I will repay the
excess amount to the Company upon demand, with interest at the rate
provided for in Internal Revenue Code Section 1274(b)(2)(B). The
Company and I agree reasonably to cooperate with each other in
connection with any administrative or judicial proceedings concerning
the existence or amount of any such penalties with respect to
payments or benefits I receive.
10. Miscellaneous. No provisions of this Agreement may be
-------------
modified, waived, or discharged except by a written document signed by me
and a duly authorized officer of the Company. A waiver of any conditions
or provisions of this Agreement in a given instance shall not be deemed a
waiver of such conditions or provisions at any other time. The validity,
interpretation, construction, and performance of this Agreement shall be
governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania without regard to
its conflicts of law principles. This Agreement shall be binding upon,
and shall inure to the benefit of me and my estate and the Company and any
successor thereto, but neither this Agreement nor any rights arising under it
may be assigned or pledged by me, except to the extent permitted under the
terms of the benefit plans in which I participate.
11. Validity. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provisions
--------
of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of
any other provisions of this Agreement, which shall remain in full force and
effect.
12. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more
------------
counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of
which together shall constitute the same instrument.
13. Entire Agreement. All oral or written agreements or
----------------
representations, express or implied, with respect to the subject matter of
this Agreement are set forth in this Agreement.
ENVIROSOURCE, INC.
Date:11/5/96 By:/s/ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇.
------------ -----------------------------
Name: ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇.
Title: President & CEO
Date:11/1/96 /s/ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
------------ ------------------
▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇
Schedule 1
GENERAL RELEASE
---------------
I, the undersigned employee, and ENVIROSOURCE, INC. (the
"Company") agree as follows:
Section 1 -- Benefits
--------
The Company promises to pay or provide to me those payments and
benefits set forth in the certain Employment Agreement, dated as of
______, 1996, between me and the Company.
Section 2 -- Complete Release
----------------
(a) In General: I irrevocably and unconditionally release all the
----------
Claims described in subsection (b) that I may now have against the
Releasees listed in subsection (d). However, I am not releasing (i) my
right to enforce this Release; (ii) any rights or claims under the Age
Discrimination in Employment Act that arise after I sign this Release; (iii)
my right, if any, to government-provided unemployment benefits; or (iv)
any rights I may have to unpaid compensation, or benefits under the
Company's standard compensation and benefits programs, such as COBRA
benefits (except claims I made which were denied before I signed this
Release or any claim I might have for extra benefits as a consequence of
payments I receive because of signing this Release).
(b) Claims Released: Subject only to the exceptions just noted, I
---------------
am releasing all known and unknown claims, promises, causes of action,
or similar rights of any type ("Claims") that I may have with respect to any
Releasee listed in subsection (d). These include, but are not limited to,
Claims which in any way relate to: (i) my employment with the Company,
or the termination of that employment, such as Claims for compensation,
bonuses, commissions, lost wages, or unused accrued vacation or sick pay;
(ii) the design or administration of any employee benefit program; (iii) any
rights I may have to severance or similar benefits or to post-employment
health or group insurance benefits; or (iv) any Claims to attorneys' fees or
other indemnities. I understand that the Claims I am releasing might arise
under many different laws, including the following examples:
Anti-Discrimination Statutes, such as the Age Discrimination in
----------------------------
Employment Act and Executive Order 11141, which prohibit age
discrimination in employment; Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of
1964, Section 1981 of the Civil Rights Act of 1866 and Executive
Order 11246, which prohibit discrimination based on race, color,
national origin, religion or sex; the Equal Pay Act, which prohibits
paying men and women unequal pay for equal work; the Americans
With Disabilities Act and Sections 503 and 504 of the Rehabilitation
Act of 1973, which prohibit discrimination against the disabled; and
any other federal, state or local laws prohibiting employment
discrimination.
Federal Employment Statutes, such as the WARN Act, which requires
---------------------------
that advance notice be given of certain work force reductions; the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, which, among
other things, protects employee benefits; the Fair Labor Standards Act
of 1938, which regulates wage and hour matters; the Family and
Medical Leave Act of 1993, which requires employers to provide
leaves of absence under certain circumstances; and any other federal
laws relating to employment, such as veterans reemployment rights
laws.
Other Laws, such as any federal, state, or local laws providing
----------
workers' compensation benefits, restricting an employer's right to
terminate employees or otherwise regulating employment; any federal,
state or local law enforcing express or implied employment contracts or
requiring an employer to deal with employees fairly or in good faith;
any other federal, state, or local laws providing recourse for alleged
wrongful discharge, physical or personal injury, emotional distress,
fraud, negligent misrepresentation, defamation, and similar or related
claims.
The laws referred to in this subsection include statutes, regulations, other
administrative guidance, and common law doctrines.
(c) Unknown Claims: I understand that I am releasing Claims that
--------------
I may not know about, and that is my intent. I expressly waive all rights I
might have under any law which is intended to prevent unknown claims
from being released. I understand the significance of doing so.
(d) Releasees: The Releasees are the Company, all related
---------
companies, partnerships, or joint ventures, and, with respect to each of
them, all of the Company's or such related entities' predecessors and
successors, and, with respect to each such entity, all of its past and present
employees, officers, directors, stockholders, owners, representatives,
assigns, attorneys, agents, insurers, employee benefit programs (and the
trustees, administrators, fiduciaries and insurers of such programs), and
any other persons acting by, through, under, or in concert with any of the
persons or entities listed in this subsection.
Section 3 -- My Promises
-----------
(a) Employment Termination: I agree that my employment with
----------------------
the Company and its affiliates has ended or will end forever on the date
specified by the Company. I have voluntarily resigned in exchange for the
benefits I am receiving because I signed this Release.
(b) Pursuit Of Released Claims: I agree to withdraw with
--------------------------
prejudice all complaints or charges, if any, I have filed with any agency or
court against EnviroSource or any related person or entity. I represent that
I will not in the future file any lawsuit, complaint, or charge against them
based on the claims released in this Release.
(c) Company Property: I have returned, or by my last day of
-----------------
work will return, to the Company all files, memoranda, documents,
records, copies of the foregoing, credit cards, keys and any other property
of the Company or its affiliates in my possession.
(d) Taxes: I am responsible for paying any taxes on amounts I
------
receive because I signed this Release and I agree that the Company is to
withhold all taxes it determines it is legally required to withhold.
(e) Ownership Of Claims: I have not assigned or transferred any
-------------------
Claim I am releasing, nor have I purported to do so.
(f) Non-Admission Of Liability: I agree not to assert that this
--------------------------
Release is an admission of guilt or wrongdoing since the Releasees do not
believe or admit that any of them has done anything wrong.
(g) No Disparagement: I agree not to criticize, denigrate, or
----------------
disparage any Releasee.
(h) False Claims Representations And Promises: I have
-----------------------------------------
disclosed to the Company any information I have concerning any conduct
involving the Company which I have any reason to believe may be
unlawful or to involve any false claims to the United States. I promise to
cooperate fully in any investigation the Company undertakes into matters
occurring during my employment with the Company. I understand that
nothing in this Release prevents me from cooperating with any U.S.
government investigation.
Section 4 -- Consequences Of Violating My Promises
-------------------------------------
(a) General Consequences: I agree to pay the reasonable
--------------------
attorneys' fees and any damages Releasees may incur as a result of my
breaching a promise I made in this Release (such as by suing a Releasee
over a released Claim) or if any representation I made in this Release was
false when made.
(b) Challenges To Validity: Should I attempt to challenge the
----------------------
enforceability of this Release, I agree first to deliver a certified check to
the Company for all amounts I have received because I signed this Release,
plus ten percent interest per annum, and to invite the Company to cancel
this Release. If the Company accepts my offer, this Release will be
canceled. If it rejects my offer, the Company will notify me and deposit
the amount I repaid in an interest-bearing account pending a determination
of the enforceability of this Release. If the Release is determined to be
enforceable, the Company will pay me the amount in the account. If this
Release is not enforceable, the Company or its designee is to retain the
account.
Section 5 -- Consideration Of Release
------------------------
I acknowledge that, before signing this Release, I was given a
period of at least 21 calendar days to review and consider this Release. I
further acknowledge that: (a) I took advantage of this period to consider
this Release before signing it; (b) I carefully read this Release; (c) I fully
understand it; and (d) I am entering into it voluntarily. I further
acknowledge that the Company strongly encouraged me to discuss this
Release with my attorney (at my own expense) before signing this Release
and that, to the extent I deemed it appropriate, I did so.
Section 6 -- Miscellaneous
-------------
(a) Entire Agreement: This is the entire agreement between me
----------------
and the Company; it may not be modified or canceled in any manner
except by a writing signed by both me and the Company. I acknowledge
that the Company has made no promises to me other than those in this
Release. If any provision in this Release is found to be unenforceable, all
other provisions will remain fully enforceable. It is not necessary that the
Company sign this Release for it to become binding upon both me and the
Company.
(b) Successors: This Release binds my heirs, administrators,
----------
representatives, executors, successors, and assigns, and will inure to the
benefit of all Releasees and their respective heirs, administrators,
representatives, executors, successors, and assigns.
(c) Interpretation: This Release shall be construed as a whole
--------------
according to its fair meaning. It shall not be construed strictly for or
against me, the Company, or any Releasee. Unless the context indicates
otherwise, the term "or" shall be deemed to include the term "and" and the
singular or plural number shall be deemed to include the other. Captions
are intended solely for convenience of reference and shall not be used in
the interpretation of this Release. This Release shall be governed by the
statutes and common law of the State of [name], excluding its choice of laws
statutes or common law.
Section 7 -- Arbitration Of Disputes.
-----------------------
I agree to use final and binding arbitration to resolve any dispute
(an "Arbitrable Dispute") I may have with the Company or any Releasee. This
arbitration agreement applies to such things as disputes about the validity,
interpretation, or effect of this Release or alleged violations of it, claims of
discrimination under federal or state law, or other statutory violation
claims. Arbitration shall take place in accordance with the arbitration
provisions established in accordance with my existing employment
agreement with the Company, which I hereby reaffirm. Arbitration in this
manner shall be the exclusive remedy for any Arbitrable Dispute.
TAKE THIS RELEASE HOME AND READ IT. CAREFULLY
CONSIDER ALL PROVISIONS BEFORE SIGNING THIS RELEASE:
IT INCLUDES A RELEASE OF KNOWN AND UNKNOWN
CLAIMS. YOU SHOULD TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE
CONSIDERATION PERIOD AND CONSULT YOUR ATTORNEY
IF YOU WISH.
Dated ______________ _____________________________
Signature
_____________________________
Print Name
________ - ________ - _______
Social Security Number
APPENDIX
EMPLOYMENT TERMINATION CERTIFICATE
THIS CERTIFICATE MUST BE SIGNED AFTER TERMINATION
OF EMPLOYMENT AND MUST BE FILED WITH [NAME], AT
[PLACE] BY [TIME].
I entered into a Release with [name of company] (the "Company")
dated ________. I hereby acknowledge that:
(1) A blank copy of this Employment Termination Certificate was
attached as an Appendix to the Release when it was given to me for my
review. I have had more time to consider signing this Certificate than the
ample time I was given to consider signing the Release and I may revoke it
within seven days after I sign it. I was advised to discuss the Release,
including this Certificate, with an attorney before executing either
document.
(2) Most of the benefits payable under the Release and my
Employment Agreement (my "Remaining Benefits") become payable only
if I sign this Certificate and do not revoke it within seven days after I sign
it.
(3) My employment actually terminated before I signed this
Certificate and, in exchange for my Remaining Benefits, I hereby agree
that this Certificate will be a part of my Release and that my Release will
be construed and applied as if I signed it on the day I signed this
Certificate. This extends my release of Claims under the Release to any
Claims that arose during the remainder of my employment through the date
my employment terminated.
Dated ______________ _________________________
Signature
_________________________
Print Name
________ - ________ - _______
Social Security Number