Contract
URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA RURI I KIGALI, RUHABURANISHIRIZA IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO, RUKIJIJE MU RUHAME URUBANZA RCAA 0027/15/CS KU WA 09/03/2018, MU BURYO BUKURIKIRA:
HABURANA:
UREGA
▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, mwene MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇ na MWITENDE ▇▇▇▇▇▇, utuye Parc des Saules 17A/9-300 Wavre, Belgique.
ABAREGWA:
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, mwene KAREMERA ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇, ubarizwa kwa BAPFAKURERA ▇▇▇▇▇▇, utuye mu Mudugudu w’Inyarurembo, Akagari ka Kiyovu, Umurenge wa Nyarugenge, Akarere ka Nyarugenge, Umujyi wa Kigali.
▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ na ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇.
IKIBURANWA:
-Gusaba Urukiko kwemeza ko amasezerano y’ubugure bw’inzu iri mu kibanza no 1163 kiri Nyarugenge, yabaye ku wa 06/04/2005, hagati ya KAREMERA Peninah na ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ nta gaciro afite kuko ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ yagurishije iyo nzu itari iye kandi nta n’ububasha yahawe n’abazungura ba MUNYABAGISHA, bityo iyo nzu ikaba igomba gusubizwa mu mutungo wa MUNYABAGISHA;
-Indishyi z’akababaro.
IKIREGERWA: Kujuririra urubanza no RCA 0340/14/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, ku wa 27/02/2015.
I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA
1. MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇ n’umugore we MWITENDE ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ byemewe n’amateteko, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇; ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ na ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇. Bombi bitabye Imana mu bihe binyuranye, MWITENDE ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ 1994, na MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ wa 20/08/2000.
2. Ku wa 04/09/2003, abazungura ba MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇ na MWITENDE ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ bemeranywa ku micungire y’imitungo basigiwe n’ababyeyi babo, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ inyandiko yiswe «Convention de gestion de ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ successorale du défunt MUNYABAGISHA André», bemeranya ko imitungo yabo ikomeza gucungirwa hamwe kugeza igihe hazakorerwa
«liquidation judiciaire», bumvikana ku buryo bagabana ububasha bwo kuyicunga, n’uburyo amakimbirane yaramuka avutse yakemurwa.
3. Hashize iminsi 17 gusa iyo nama ▇▇▇▇▇, ku wa 22/09/2003, RURANGWA Innocent wari wahawe n’abavandimwe be ububasha bwo gucunga imitungo y’umuryango wa MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ y’imodoka, asiga umugore (▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇) n’abana batatu bakiri bato (MWITENDE ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ na ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇).
4. Ku itariki ya 23/10/2003, abazungura ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Innocent bahagarariwe na nyina ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ kuko ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ bato, n’abazungura ba MUNYABAGISHA André, bagiranye amasezerano yiswe «ubwumvikane hagati y’abagize umuryango wa nyakwigendera MUNYABAGISHA André», basinyira imbere ya Noteri hari n’abatangabuhamya, bumvikana ku bigize umutungo wose uzungurwa wari umaze kumenyekana, harimo n’inzu iri mu kibanza no 1163 kiri Nyarugenge, yanditse kuri RURANGWA Innocent, ariko bemeranya ko n’ubwo imwanditseho ari iya Se MUNYABAGISHA André, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇, umugore wa RURANGWA Innocent, yemera gukora ibisabwa n’amategeko kugira ngo iyo nzu ive ku mazina ya RURANGWA Innocent ijye ku izina ry’umuryango wa MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇.
5. Muri ayo masezerano bemeranyijwe ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ igihe cyose izungura rizaba ritarakorwa, umutungo uzacungwa na RUTAYISIRE Georges abifashijwemo na MBABAZI ▇▇▇ ▇▇ bibazo byose bijyanye no kubungabunga umutungo harimo n’ibijyanye n’imisoro n’ibindi ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, banumvikana ko umutungo udashobora kugurishwa n’abagize umuryango hatabayeho ubwumvikane buvuye mu nama y’umuryango wa ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, babifashijwemo n’abandi bavandimwe bo mu muryango.
6. ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇’▇▇▇▇, ku wa 24/03/2005, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ n’Urukiko rw’Akarere ka Nyarugenge uburenganzira bwo gucungira abana yabyaranye na RURANGWA Innocent umutungo se yabasigiye, naho ku wa 05/04/2005, abisabye Perezida w’urwo Rukiko, ahabwa uburenganzira bwo kugurisha inzu yubatse mu kibanza no 1163 ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ «quartier Mateus», mu Karere ka
Nyarugenge, ayigurisha KAREMERA ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ wa 06/04/2005, igurishwa ry’iyo nzu ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ryo ryabaye intandaro y’imanza baburana kugeza ubu.
7. ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ yaregeye Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, arusaba kwemeza ko amasezerano y’ubugure bw’inzu iri mu kibanza no 1163 kiri Nyarugenge, yabaye hagati ya KAREMERA Peninah na MBABAZI ▇▇▇ ▇▇ wa 06/04/2005, nta gaciro afite kuko ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ yagurishije iyo nzu itari iye nta n’ububasha yahawe n’abazungura ba MUNYABAGISHA André, asaba ko iyo nzu igarurwa mu mutungo wa MUNYABAGISHA André, asaba n’indishyi z’akababaro.
8. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza no RC 0212/14/TGI/NYGE, ku wa 29/05/2014, rwemeza ko MUNYABAGISHA André yapfuye yaragurishije umuhungu we RURANGWA Innocent inzu iburanwa, umugore we ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ n’abandi bazungura ba MUNYABAGISHA André nta bubasha bari bafite bwo kuyigarura mu mutungo wa MUNYABAGISHA André, ko n’amasezerano yo ku wa 23/10/2003, nta gaciro afite ku byerekeye iyo nzu. Rwemeje ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ inzu iburanwa yagurishijwe mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko kuko ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ yayigurishije ashingiye ku cyemezo yahawe n’Urukiko rw’Akarere ka Nyarugenge kimuha uburenganzira bwo kuyigurisha, kandi icyo cyemezo akaba nta wagitambamiye;
9. ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, narwo ruca urubanza no RCA 0340/14/HC/KIG, ku wa 27/02/2015, rwemeza ko urubanza rwajuririwe ruhindutse gusa ku bijyanye n’indishyi zasabwe, rutegeka MUKAZI ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ na KAREMERA ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ wese 1.000.000 Frw, akubiyemo indishyi z’akababaro, amafarang y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka ku rwego rwa mbere, na
700.000 Frw buri wese na none akubiyemo indishyi z’akababaro, n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka ku rwego rwa kabiri, akanishyura amagarama y’urubanza.
10.▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ yajuririye mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, avuga ko umucamanza mu Rukiko Rukuru yahaye agaciro amasezerano ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ yagiranye na KAREMERA Peninah y’ubugure bw’inzu iburanwa, ashingiye ku kuba MUNYABAGISHA André, mbere y’urupfu rwe, yarayigurishije umuhungu we RURANGWA Innocent, kandi baramusobanuriye ko icyo ayo masezerano y’ubugure yari agamije kwari ukugira ngo RURANGWA Innocent ashobore
guhabwa inguzanyo muri banki, ariyo mpamvu na ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ yasinye amasezerano yo ku wa 23/10/2003.
▇▇.▇▇ MUCYO Donatien uhagarariye ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ na Me RWAGITARE ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ uhagarariye KAREMERA Peninah, batanze inzitizi y’iburabubasha ry’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ishingiye ku gaciro k’ikiburanwa, no kuba abajuriye baratsinzwe ku rwego rwa mbere n’urwa kabiri ku mpamvu zimwe, Urukiko rufata icyemezo kuri iyo inzitizi ku wa 01/12/2017, rwemeza ko nta shingiro ifite.
12.Iburanisha ry’urubanza mu mizi ryabereye mu ruhame ku wa 30/01/2018, ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ na Me ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ahagarariwe na Me MUNYANEZA ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ na Me MUCYO Donatien.
II. IBIBAZO BIRI MU RUBANZA N’ISESENGURWA RYABYO
1) Kumenya niba nta bugure bw’inzu iri mu kibanza no 1163 Nyarugenge bwabaye hagati ya MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇ n’umuhungu we RURANGWA Innocent
▇▇.▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ avuga ko inkiko zose zirengangije ikimenyetso kigizwe n’amasezerano yo ku wa 23/10/2003 kandi ipfundo ry’ikibazo ariho riri, asaba Urukiko rw’Ikirenga kureba icyo ayo masezerano yari agamije, kuko impande zombi ziyagirana zari zigamije kwikiranura, kuko umuryango wose wari uzi ko hari ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ y’ubugure bw’inzu iburanwa MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ n’umuhungu we RURANGWA ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ariko bazi neza ko RURANGWA ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ na se bayakoze bagamije gusa kugira ngo bibonere inguzanyo.
14. Me RUTAGENGWA avuga ko inkiko nta bubasha zari zifite bwo gutesha agaciro amasezerano yo ku wa 23/10/2003, kuko ayo masezerano ari ntavuguruzwa kuko yashyiriweho umukono imbere ya noteri wanasinyiye ko ayabereye umuhamya, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 591 y’Igitabo cya gatatu cy’Urwunge rw’Amategeko Mbonezamubano, ayo masezerano afite agaciro k’urubanza rwaciwe burundu kuko abagize umuryango babyemeranyijweho bashingiye ku ngingo ya 583 y’icyo Gitabo cyavuzwe haruguru, hari n’abandi bantu barimo abavandimwe n’inshuti z’umuryango babihamya.
▇▇.▇▇ MUCYO ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ avuga ko amasezerano yo ku wa 23/10/2003 atari ayo kwikiranura ngo kuko ingingo zavuzwe zireba abantu baba bafitanye ikibazo ( transaction), bikaba bitumvikana ukuntu abantu bagiye bakicara bagafata umutungo w’undi muntu bakavuga ngo n’ubwo umwanditseho si uwe, ko impamvu ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ yasinye ariya masezerano atayimenya kuko atari ahari, ariko ko yibwira ko ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ yabitewe n’ubutamenya ( ignorance complète).
▇▇.▇▇ MUCYO Donatien akomeza avuga ko amasezerano yo ku wa 23/10/2003 akorwa abari bahari bose nta n’umwe wari ufite ububasha bwo kuba yafata inzu iri mu mutungo wa RURANGWA Innocent ngo ayishyire mu mutungo wa MUNYABAGISHA André, ko n’umugore we ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ nta bubasha yari afite bwo kubikora kuko ukurikije itegeko ryariho icyo gihe yari afite ububasha bwo gucunga uwo mutungo (gestion) ▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇ nayo mpamvu ajya kugurisha byabaye ngombwa ko yiyambaza Urukiko abisabira uburenganzira, anasobanura impamvu asaba ubwo burenganzira bwo kugurisha, ko iyo aza kuba afite ubwo bubasha (droit d’aliéner), atari kubisaba Urukiko.
▇▇.▇▇ MUNYANEZA Remy avuga ko amasezerano yo kwikiranura abaho igihe hari impaka, amakimbirane, cyangwa hari amakimbirane ashobora kuvuka, nyamara ko amasezerano yo ku wa 23/10/2003 akorwa nta makimbirane yari ariho kuko atagaragajwe muri ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇. Avuga ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ icyo abo baburana bita amasezerano yo kwikiranura kidakwiye kwitwa amasezerano, kuko amasezerano yose ateganya uburenganzira n’inshingano (les droits et obligations) nyamara mu masezerano ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ kwikiranura ibyo bikaba nta birimo.
UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA
18.Ingingo ya 70 y’Itegeko No 22/29 ryo kuwa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza igitabo cya mbere cy’Urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura, iteganya ko iyo umwe mu bashyingiranywe apfuye usigaye asigarana inshingano zo gucunga umutungo wose.
19.Ingingo ya 13 y‘Itegeko nº 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, iteganya ko „Inyandikomvaho ikemura impaka kuri bose mu byerekeye ibiyivugwamo umukozi wa Leta ubigenewe yabereye umuhamya cyangwa yakoze ariko atarengeje ibyo yari ashinzwe gukora. Ibivuzwe muri iyo nyandikomvaho ntawe ushobora kubihakana, keretse biramutse bikurikiranywe mu rubanza rushinja icyaha cyo kubeshya mu nyandikomvaho cyangwa umuburanyi aregeye ko iyo nyandikomvaho ari impimbano. Ku byerekeye ibindi ihamya, ibyo ivuga n’ukuri kw’ababuranyi, inyandikomvaho yemerwa iyo itavugurujwe n’ikindi kimenyetso cyanditswe cyangwa cyunganiwe n’ikimenyetso cyanditse kituzuye, iyo ihakanwa n’umuburanyi, naho iyo ihakanwa n’undi muntu ashobora kubitangira ikindi kimenyetso cyose cyemerwa n’amategeko“.
▇▇.▇▇ gufata icyemezo ku byerekeranye n’uko inzu iburanwa itagomba kugarurwa mu mutungo wa nyakwigendera MUNYABAGISHA André, Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiye ku mpamvu y’uko mbere y’uko yitaba Imana, MUNYABAGISHA yari yarayigurishije umuhungu we RURANGWA Innocent ndetse inamwanditseho, ko ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ n’abazungura ba MUNYABAGISHA André nta bubasha bari bafite bwo kuvana iyo nzu mu mutungo wa RURANGWA Innocent ngo bayisubize mu mutungo wa se, runagaragaza ko ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ yagurishije iyo nzu byemewe n’amategeko kuko yabiherewe uburenganzira n’Urukiko.
21.Dosiye y’uru rubanza igaragaza (cote 89) amasezerano y’ubugure (Acte de vente D.812) yo ku wa 01/12/1989, MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ n’umuhungu we RURANGWA Innocent imbere ya LIBANJE Félicien, Noteri wa Leta, hari Bwana HATANGIMBABAZI André na Bwana GASAMAGERA ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, abahamya, yerekana ko kuri iyo tariki MUNYABAGISHA André yagurishije umuhungu we RURANGWA Innocent, ikibanza n’inyubako zose zikirimo gifite ubuso bungana na 05a.38ca, kibaruwe mu bitabo by’ubutaka by’Umujyi wa Kigali kuri no 1163 ku giciro kingana na 6.000.000 Frw. Hari kandi (cote 90) „Certificat d’enregistrement“ Vol. R.xiii Folio 112, yo ku wa 02/04/1990, yerekana ko RURANGWA Innocent abaruwe nka ▇▇▇▇▇ ikibanza no 1163 kiri Nyarugenge, hashingiwe ku masezerano y’ubugure bw’icyo kibanza yo ku wa 01/12/1989.
22.Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza kandi inyandiko yo ku wa 23/10/2003, yiswe
„Ubwumvikane hagati y’abagize umuryango wa nyakwigendera MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇“, ▇▇▇ abazungura ba MUNYABAGISHA André, n’aba
RURANGWA Innocent bahagarariwe n’umugore we ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ kuko ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ bato, bagiranye amasezerano basinyiye imbere ya Noteri hari n’abatangabuhamya, bumvikana ku bigize umutungo wose uzungurwa wari umaze kumenyekana, harimo n’inzu iburanwa iri mu kibanza no 1163 iri Nyarugenge yanditse kuri RURANGWA Innocent, banemeranya ko umutungo utimukanwa udashobora kugurishwa n’abagize umuryango wa MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ mu nama y’abawugize babifashijwemo n’abandi bavandimwe.
23.▇▇’▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ haruguru, inzu iburanwa iri mu kibanza no 1163 kiri Nyarugenge (Quartiers Mateus) yari umutungo wa RURANGWA Innocent guhera mu mwaka wa 1989, akaba nta nyandiko n’imwe yerekana uburyo yaba yarongeye kuba iya MUNYABAGISHA André, kuko abavuze mu nyandiko yo ku wa 23/10/2003 y’ubwumvikane hagati y’abagize umuryango wa nyakwigendera MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇, ko n’ubwo iyo nzu yanditse ku mazina ya RURANGWA ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇ iya se MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇.
24.Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rurasanga kuba ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇, umugore wa RURANGWA Innocent, yaremeye gukora ibisabwa kugira ngo inzu iburanwa ive ku mazina ya RURANGWA Innocent ijye ku izina ry’umuryango wa MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ n‘amategeko, nk’uko n’Inkiko zibanza zabisobanuye. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ nta bubasha yari afite bwo kuvana iyo nzu mu mutungo w‘umugabo we RURANGWA Innocent, ngo ijye mu mutungo ugomba kuzungurwa n’abazungura ba MUNYABAGISHA André, kuko nk‘uko byasobanuwe haruguru, nta bundi bubasha yari afite kuri uwo mutungo uretse ubwo kuwucunga gusa (la gestion), hakurikijwe ibiteganywa mu ngingo ya 70 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe ryavuzwe haruguru, ryakurikizwaga icyo gihe.
25.Ku byerekeye inshingano z’umwe mu bashyingiranywe bahisemo uburyo bw’ivangamutungo rusange usigaye nyuma y’uko mugenzi we apfuye, ingingo ya 70,1o y‘Itegeko no 22/99 ryo ku wa 12/11/1999 ryerekeye izungura ryavuzwe haruguru ryakoreshwaga igihe izungura rya RURANGWA Innocent ryatangiraga, iteganya ko iyo umwe mu bashyingiranywe bafitanye amasezerano y'ivangamutungo rusange apfuye, usigaye asigarana umutungo wose akubahiriza inshingano yo kurera abana no gufasha ababyeyi ba nyakwigendera iyo babikeneye (mu rurimi rw’Igifaransa bivugwa muri ubu buryo: „...en cas de décès de l'un d'eux, l'époux survivant
assure l'administration de l'entièreté du patrimoine. “), byumvikana rero
ko nta kundi ashobora kuba yagena uwo mutungo ashinzwe gucunga. Ibi kandi bihura n’ibyo abahanga mu mategeko nabo basobanura ko iyo umwe mu bashyingiranywe apfuye agasiga abana, usigaye asigarana gusa uburenganzira bwo gukoresha umusaruro ukomoka ku mutungo, nta burenganzira bwo kuwugurisha cyangwa kugira ukundi awugena1.
26.Iby’uko ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ nta bubasha yari afite bwo kuba yagira ukundi agena umutungo w’umugabo we RURANGWA Innocent usibye ubwo kuwucunga gusa binashimangirwa kandi nuko mbere yo kuwugurisha, yagombye kubisabira uburenganzira nk’uko bigaragazwa n’icyemezo no 005/05/KJR cyatanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Akarere ka Nyarugenge ku wa 05/04/2005. Iby’uko ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ yashoboraga kwaka uburenganzira bwo kugurisha inzu iburanwa, nk’umwe mu mitungo yari acungiye abazungura ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Innocent, bigaragarira mu ngingo ya 76 y‘Itegeko no 22/99 ryo ku wa 12/11/19992, ivuga ko inama ishinzwe iby’izungura ishobore kuregera urukiko isaba ko uwapfakaye usaba kugurisha yamburwa ubwo burenganzira iyo ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ mu nyungu z’umuryango. Ibi nabyo bihura neza n’ibivugwa n’abahanga mu mategeko nka Annick Batteur3, ko uwahawe ububasha bwo gucunga umutungo w’abazungura ashobora no kugurisha, iyo abiherewe uruhushya n’umucamanza mu nyungu z’abazungura.
27.Ku byo uhagarariye ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ avuga ko amasezerano yo ku wa 23/10/2003, agaragaza ko ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇, ahagarariye abazungura b’umugabo we RURANGWA Innocent, yemeye gukora ibisabwa n’amategeko kugira ngo inzu iri mu kibanza no 1163 iri Nyarugenge igaruke mu mutungo wa MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ yashyiriweho umukono imbere ya noteri wa Leta, akaba akwiye
1 ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇▇ et ▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇, Droit de la famille, 5ème édition, Dalloz, Paris, 2004, p.126. ( "Si l’époux prédécédé laisse des enfants issus des deux époux, le conjoint survivant recueille l’usufruit de la totalité des biens") ; ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇▇, Libéralités et successions,LGDJ,l, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ éd.2015, Toulouse, p.231.
2 Itegeko no 22/99 ryo ku wa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza igitabo cya mbere cy’Urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura, Ingingo ya 76: « yo uwapfakaye yifuje kugurisha, kugwatiriza cyangwa kugurana umutungo yasigaranye, inama ishinzwe iby'izungura igasanga bibangamiye inyungu z'urugo, ishobora gusaba urukiko mu kirego cy'ihutirwa ko rumwambura ubwo burenganzira ».
3 Annick Batteur, Les grandes decisions du droit des personnes et de la famille, 2eme ed., LGDJ Lextenso,Toulouse,2016, p.584.
gushingirwaho nk’ikimenyetso cyerekana ko iyo nzu ari umwe mu bigize umutungo wa MUNYABAGISHA André, Urukiko rurasanga hakurikijwe ibiteganywa mu ngingo ya 13, igika cya kabiri, y‘Itegeko nº 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza, yavuzwe haruguru, ayo masezerano atari ntavuguruzwa, kuko Noteri wa Leta yemeje ibintu binyuranyije n’amategeko kandi binyuranyije n’ukuri, ahamya ko ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ azakora ibishoboka byose inzu iburanwa yanditse kuri RURANGWA Innocent ikagarurwa mu mutungo wa MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇ nta kimenyetso yagaragarijwe gihamya koko ko n’ubwo imwanditseho ari iya se MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇. Rurasanga kandi n’iyo Noteri aza kuba yagaragarijwe icyo kimenyetso, atari kwirengagiza ko ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ushinzwe gusa gucungira umutungo abazungura ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Innocent, yemeye ibyo amategeko atamuhera ububasha, ngo abirengeho yemere kubibera umuhamya.
28.Rurasanga rero kubera izo nenge zishingiye ku byo ayo masezerano yo ku wa 23/10/2003 agaragaza nk’ukuri kutari ko, atafatwa nk’inyandiko mvaho umukozi wa Leta wabigenewe yabereye umuhamya. Uwo kandi niwo murongo wafashwe n’uru Rukiko mu rubanza RCAA 0015/09/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 29/04/2011, haburana NYIRABIZIMANA Zilipa na MUSONI NDAMAGE Thadée, ▇▇▇ Urukiko rwemeje ko inyandiko y’ivanguramutungo Musoni Ndamage yaburanishaga kandi yashyizweho umukono na Noteri itafatwa nk’inyandiko mvaho kuko Noteri yemeje ibyo atabereye umuhamya akemeza ko habayeho ivanguramutungo kandi ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ y’ivangamutungo yagaragarijwe4.
29.Urukiko rurasanga kandi n’iyo amasezerano yo ku wa 23/10/2003 aza kuba ntavuguruzwa nabwo atari kwemerwa nk’ikimenyetso cyerekana ko inzu iri mu kibanza no 1163 muri quartiers Mateus, Nyarugenge iri mu mutungo wa MUNYABAGISHA André, kuko nk’uko iyo ngingo ya 13 y‘Itegeko nº 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004, ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza ibiteganya, inyandiko mvaho yemerwa iyo itavugurujwe n’ikindi kimenyetso cyanditswe cyangwa cyunganiwe n’ikindi kimenyetso cyanditse kituzuye, ,
bikaba nyamara bigaragara ko n’iyo ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ mvaho itari gukuraho ubugure bwabaye hagati ya MUNYABAGISHA André n’umuhungu we RURANGWA Innocent, bityo akaba atari na ngombwa kwirirwa rusuzuma iby‘uko ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ cyangwa gukemura cyangwa gukumira impaka.
4 Icyegeranyo cy’ibyemezo by’iInkiko, no 13, ▇▇▇▇ 2012, p.61-80 (igika cya 20).
30.Urukiko rurasanga rero hajurikijwe ibisobanuro byose byatanzwe, nk’uko kandi byemejwe mu Nkiko zo hasi, MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ inzu iburanwa yarayigurishije umuhungu we RURANGWA Innocent, kandi umugore we MBABAZI ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ nta bubasha yari afite bwo kuyigarura mu mutungo wa MUNYABAGISHA André, bityo, imvugo y’uburanira ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ko basobanuriye Urukiko ko nta bugure bwabayeho ikaba nta shingiro yahabwa.
2) Ku byerekeye kumenya niba amasezerano y’ubugure yabaye hagati ya ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ na ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ yateshwa agaciro
▇▇.▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ avuga ko ibyo bagenzi be bavuga ko abakoze amasezerano yo ku wa 23/10/2003, nta bubasha bari bafite bwo kuvana umutungo mu wa RURANGA Innocent bawusubiza mu wa MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, kuko ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ bafite ububasha bwo gucunga (gestion) kandi umutungo ukaba waragumye hamwe ngo ucungirwe hamwe, ko iby’uko ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ yasinye amasezerano yo ku wa 23/10/2003 kubera ubutamenya (ignorance) atari byo, ko ahubwo ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ yakoresheje uburiganya kugira ngo abone icyemezo kimwemerera kugurisha.
32.Avuga ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ yaguze inzu n’utari nyirayo, ariyo mpamvu amasezerano y’ubugure bwe na ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ agomba ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ko ibyo umwunganira avuga ko amasezerano yo ku wa 23/10/2003 adakwiye kumugiraho ingaruka ataribyo kuko ayo masezerano ari ntavuguruzwa kuko yakorewe imbere ya Noteri, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 276 y’Igitabo cya gatatu cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano, ubugure bw’ikintu cy’undi ari imfabusa, akaba rero agomba kugira ingaruka kuri KAREMERA Peninah, cyokora ko atacibwa indishyi, kandi yasubizwa ibyo yakoresheje atunganya inzu. ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ kwita ku ngingo ya 583 n‘iya 591 z’Igitabo cya gatatu cy’Urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano zavuzwe haruguru, ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ amasezerano yo ku wa 23/10/2003 kuko ku bwabo umugore wa RURANGWA Innocent wari uhagarariye abana be n’abazungura ba MUNYABAGISHA ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ bari bafite ububasha kuri iyo nzu kuko nta wundi wari usigaye.
▇▇.▇▇ MUCYO Donatien avuga ko ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ kuregera amasezerano ashingiye ku cyemezo cy’Urukiko atabanje kuregera icyo cyemezo ubwacyo.
▇▇.▇▇ MUNYANEZA Remy avuga ko KAREMERA Peninah yaguze nta buryarya (acquéreur de bonne foi) ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ yari afite ububasha bwo kugurisha, akaba rero adashobora kugirwaho ingaruka n’amasezerano bise ayo kwikiranura, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, kuko ku bwe asanga KAREMERA Peninah nta ngaruka na ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ yamugiraho.
UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA
35.Ingingo ya 335 y’Itegeko ryo ku wa 30/07/1888, rishyiraho Igitabo cya gatatu cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano ryakoreshwaga igihe ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ na ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ bagiranaga amasezerano y’ubugure bw’inzu iburanwa, iteganya ko «amasezerano akozwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye. Ashobora guseswa ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ babyumvikanyeho cyangwa ku mpamvu zemewe n’amategeko. Agomba kubahirizwa nta buriganya».
36.Dosiye igaragaza ko nyuma y’▇▇▇ RURANGWA Innocent apfiriye ku itariki ya 22/09/2003, umugore we ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ bashyingiranywe byemewe n’amategeko, yahawe n’Urukiko rw’Akarere ka Nyarugenge, mu rubanza RC 0222/05/TD/NYG rwo ku wa 24/03/2005, ububasha bwo gucunga umutungo yasigaranye w’abana batatu babyaranye.
37.Dosiye igaragaza ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ hashingiwe kuri ubwo bubasha bwo gucunga umutungo no ku bindi byemezo ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ yashyikirije Urukiko birimo
„Certificat d’enregistrement“ Vol. R.xiii Folio 112, yo ku wa 02/04/1990, yerekana ko RURANGWA Innocent ari we ▇▇▇▇▇ ikibanza no 1163 kiri Nyarugenge muri Quartier Mateus, ndetse no ku bisobanuro yatanze, urwo Rukiko rwamuhaye uburenganzira bwo kugurisha icyo kibanza, mu icyemezo no 005/05/KJR cyo ku wa 05/04/2005.
38.Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko ababuranira ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ na ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ babivuga, nta buriganya bwabaye mu buryo ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ yabonyemo icyemezo cyamuhaye uburenganzira bwo kugurisha, bityo, amasezerano y’ubugure bw’inzu iri mu kibanza no 1163 kiri Nyarugenge yo ku wa
5 Yasimbuwe n’ingingo ya 64 y’Itegeko No 45 /2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano.
06/04/2005 yagiranye na KAREMERA ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ nta nenge afite yatuma ateshwa agaciro.
2) Kumenya niba hari indishyi zagenwa muri uru rubanza
▇▇.▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Xavier uhagarariye ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ avuga ko ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ agomba kwishyura indishyi z’ubukode, bakaba bari basabye 766.000.000 Frw (5.000.000 Frw x 12 ans et 9 mois), kuva ku itariki yo ku wa 06/04/2005 kugeza urubanza rusomwe, bakanasaba 25.000.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka kubera ko urubanza rumaze hafi imyaka 13. Ku bjijyanye n’indishyi zisabwa n’abaregwa, avuga ko uwo ahagarariye aramutse atsinzwe, Urukiko rwazabagenera indishyi zibakwiye.
▇▇.▇▇ MUCYO Donatien uhagarariye ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇, yabanje gusaba 1.000.000 Frw y‘indishyi z’akababaro z’uko ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ yakomeje gushorwa mu ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ yaragurishije umutungo yasigiwe n’umugabo we mu nyungu z’abana babyaranye, amaze kubiherwa uburenganzira n’Urukiko, asaba ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ hiyongera ho 3.000.000 Frw akubiyemo amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, ageze mu iburanisha asaba ko ahabwa 5.000.000 Frw.
▇▇.▇▇ MUNYANEZA Remy avuga ko asabira KAREMERA Peninah indishyi za
2.000.000 Frw akubiyemo 500.000 fRW y’indishyi z’uko ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ mu manza zidafite ishingiro, na 1.500.000 frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka.
UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA
42.Urukiko rurasanga indishyi MUKAZI ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ atsinzwe n’urubanza. Ku bandi baburanyi, rurasanga ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ agomba guha ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ na ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, buri wese 800.000 Frw akubiyemo ay’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka kuri uru rwego, Indishyi z’akababro basaba bakaba batazihabwa kuko MUKAZI ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ yari afite uburenganzira bwo kujuririra uru Rukiko, nk’uko biteganywa n‘ingingo ya 162 y’Itegeko no 12/2012 ryo ku wa 14/06/2016, ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi.
III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO
43.Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇;
44.Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwatanzwe na ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ na ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe;
45.Rwemeje ko urubanza RCA 0340/14/HC/KIG rwaciwe ku wa 27/02/2015 n’Urukiko Rukuru, ruhindutse gusa ku bijyanye n’indishyi;
46.Rutegetse MUKAZI ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇ na ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, buri wese, 800.000 Frw akubiyemo, ay’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka kuri uru rwego;
47.Rutegetse ko 100.000 Frw ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ajurira ahwana n’ibyakozwe muri urubanza.