Chapter Summary Clause Samples

Chapter Summary. This study utilized sequential triangulation methods to explore the meaning and the biological impact of stress, caregiver burden, and discrimination on the health of African American caregivers of patients diagnosed with chronic illnesses. The primary rationale for using a mixed method design is to expand the scope or breadth of research to offset the weaknesses of either approach alone (▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇-Yeboah, Salib, & Rupert, 2007). The design chosen for this study provided a richer elucidation of the relationships of the complex concepts in the study than any one particular approach could offer. Integrating both quantitative and qualitative findings was particularly useful in addressing the conflicting results regarding African Americans and caregiver burden found in the literature.

Chapter Summary. The methodology chapter presents an overview and an argument for the research design, sample, interview protocol and process, data analysis and ethical issues adopted in the current research. The semi-structured interview was identified as an efficient tool to use and explore the teachers’ attitudes towards inclusive education and identification their roles in the implementation of inclusive education in mainstream schools in Northern Kazakhstan. The application of the purposeful sampling allowed the researcher to recruit seven participants in the current study who provided the necessary data about their experience and knowledge about inclusive education and defined their roles as agents of change in implementing inclusive education in mainstream schools.

Chapter Summary. This chapter presented literature on the role of civil society in reform, particularly in reform for inclusive education. It made initial steps to employ the conceptual framework of the Index for Inclusion to make sense of the literature. It also explored case studies about CSOs in inclusive education globally, and the few cases of civic initiatives in inclusive education reform in Kazakhstan. These cases provide the basis for going further to investigate and understand the ways in which NGOs engage with the community and relevant ministries in order to ascertain an impact on educational policies in Kazakhstan.

Chapter Summary. The Critical Time Intervention will be evaluated in this thesis and it aims to improve outcomes during and after the transition to the community for prisoners with a mental health problem. It provides additional support both before and after release from prison and tries to ensure that discharge planning takes place and that contact with community mental health services is facilitated. The CTI has a growing evidence base in the USA in a range of settings and a pilot study has confirmed it is feasible in prisons in England and Wales. There are other interventions which have been used in this transition, but published studies of their efficacy are low in number, are of a poor quality and have varied outcomes. In addition, there are examples of other approaches in the transition from other settings to the community that have varying effect. The CTI has been used in this thesis because of its evidence base, its appropriateness to the context and its mid-level intensity and cost. This thesis will allow an evaluation of its effectiveness in the prison setting in England, using a larger sample and more rigorous method than was possible in the pilot.

Chapter Summary. This chapter highlighted the design used for the study which was a case study design. The chapter highlights the method of data collection used which was a case study targeting the Head of departments of the Safaricom Ltd and Co-operative Bank. The chapters shows how data analysis was done and this is by use of using content analysis. The study was a case study as a strategic research in order to understand or explain the phenomena. The study used primary data which was collected using an interview guide. An interview. Content analysis was the data analysis technique to be used. The research analyzes data from the interview guide to determine the level of emphasis or omission and relationships. This lead to the elementary theory development which focuses on constructs and relationships among the constructs

Chapter Summary. In this chapter, we have described the design of a consumer initiated SLA template creation framework for a grid-based environment. We also suggested the modification of the SLA life cycle by ensuring that its initial stages are not solely provider dominated but also inclusive of the consumerís preferences on QoS. As stated in section 1.5, the goal of this work was to develop a framework for flexible SLA template creation based on consumer QoS requirements. This has been partly achieved in this chapter with the detailed description of the model design and algorithm.

Chapter Summary. The Appendix A: Text4Teens Grant Proposal can be improved. From Chapter IV reviewers‘ reported overall significance and impact scores ranging one (1) to five (5). Grant proposals in this range are judged to generally have high/excellent impact but also contain numerous minor weaknesses. A road map for correcting these weaknesses was synthesized in this chapter.

Chapter Summary. The increased significance of SLAs reflects on the changes taking place in the commercial Grid environment. SLAs provide one means of attracting consumers and can contribute to establishing the credibility of service providers by committing to provide guaranteed levels of support with compensation if such guarantees are not met. Future Grid services would have to meet a number of QoS requirements resulting from rapidly changing markets and technologies. Within this open market of services, the aspects of their customization and instant provision are of fundamental importance (Triec and Huljenic, 2003 ) and influencing the development of emerging technologies, such as the negotiation protocol WS Agreement (Andrieux. et al, 2005), which is being defined by the Global Grid Forum (GGF) ▇▇▇▇▇ Working Group. The possibility of service consumers originating SLAs in commercial Grid markets has not been fully explored in literature but can result in a decrease in overheads created during a series of negotiations conducted across different distributed administrative domains. These iterative negotiations are usually an attempt for the SLA template offered to the consumer (by the provider) to reflect more on what the consumer requires of a service. Naturally, the providerís aim is to ensure that the SLAs reflects organizational goals and as a result a lot of time is consumed during SLA creation as the consumer tries to negotiate (by making a series of counter offers) and ensure his own business goals are achieved. This process proves to be time consuming for the business consumer. It is also essential in any grid market for the provider to ensure increased customer satisfaction for the purposes of acquiring a competitive edge. Therefore, issues such as non-performance and failure to meet QoS requirements needs should be avoided where possible. In essence, it is crucial for the service provider to realize SLA creation as a vital step in the business process. An SLAs focus should be inclusive of the consumers business objectives (▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al., 2006). This can only be achieved if the provider values the importance of knowing beforehand what QoS metric is most and least important to the consumer (SPC, 1998). We have identified the need to achieve a flexible consumer-centric process of SLA creation. This chapter describes the design of a consumer-initiated SLA model proposed in this work. We propose a consumer-initiated SLA life-cycle as well as a QoS-based selection fram...

Chapter Summary. In the beginning of this chapter, we provided a literature overview of the two concepts that are at the center of CODR, namely, crowdsourcing and ODR. The literature review of crowdsourcing indicated that crowdsourc- ing can be an effective and powerful business model that is used in some popular websites, such as Amazon’s Mechanical Turk, InnoCentive, and Wikipedia. Because of its popularity, crowdsourcing has been the object of many academic studies. Those studies provided us with a knowledge base for constructing a working definition of crowdsourcing and made us famil- iar with the benefits and drawbacks of crowdsourcing. After defining crowdsourcing, we found out that the concept of crowd- sourcing overlaps with other existing concepts, such as collaborative sys- tems, user-generated content, collective intelligence, and Web 2.0. However, those concepts cannot be used interchangeably with crowdsourcing. The reason is that the concept of crowdsourcing refers to a business model while the aforementioned concepts do not explicitly refer to a business model. The terms collaborative systems, user-generated content, and Web 2.0 refer to technological developments. The term collective intelligence refers to the intelligence of a group of living organisms that arises from the interactions between those organisms. Having obtained an understanding of crowdsourcing, we started reviewing the literature on ODR. Our first finding in relation to ODR was that, in comparison to the definition of crowdsourcing, the definition of ODR is debatable. In particular, the opinions differ on whether the use of Internet or the use of ICT should be the criterion for defining ODR as well as on whether or not ODR includes court proceedings. We analysed the dif- ferent positions of the debate, expressed our preferences, and proposed our working definition of ODR. We also examined the typology of ODR. In this regard, we found out that various types of ODR exist. The typologies of ODR, similarly to the typologies of ADR, are based on the different mechanisms for resolving dis- putes, e.g., negotiation, mediation, and arbitration. However, ODR gives rise to suis generis forms of dispute resolution, which do not have an offline 50 In an email dated 21st of December 2016, ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇, an ODR expert, explained to us the need for differentiating between CODR, on one side, and other dispute resolution schemes in which the third neutral party is a collegial body, on the other side. Our defi...