Exposure to vapour Clause Samples

Exposure to vapour boom and orchard sprayer models‌ Much less is known about how input parameters to the vapour exposure model influence exposures than for the spray drift models. Prior to comparing the results of the BROWSE vapour exposure model with the CRD model, some evaluations of the effects of the input parameters on predicted exposures were undertaken, therefore, to improve our understanding of the underlying processes. Figure 7 shows the effect of vapour pressure on exposure. While an increase in vapour pressure results in an increase in the volatilisation rate, this does not necessarily translate into an increase in exposure because exposure also depends on the duration of the exposure period. For a high volatilisation rate, the duration can be short, and therefore the exposure will be reduced. The blue shaded area in Figure 7 relates to vapour pressures that are denoted ‘moderately volatile’ in Efsa guidance (EFSA Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR), 2010). This shows that the proposed EFSA classification might be misleading as the highest exposures do not necessarily occur with the highest vapour pressures. These simulations were undertaken using meteorological data for the Northern zone (i.e. lower temperatures than sites in the other zones. The results are different for the alternative sites: an example for the site in Spain is shown in Figure 8. The effect of weather conditions is also not intuitive. A high temperature increases the volatilisation rate but the highest temperatures do not necessarily translate into the highest exposures if the duration is reduced. This is shown in Figure 9 for a relatively high vapour pressure active substance and a lower one. The Southern locations with the highest temperatures only give the highest exposures for the lower vapour pressure substance (see appendix 4 for details of temperatures for the different locations). For a ‘moderately volatile’ active substance, the meteorological data for the sites in the central zone gave the highest exposures. To compare outputs of the BROWSE model with current exposure models, again the UK CRD model is used as an example case study. Table 15 shows the input values used. Tables 16 and 17 show the predicted exposures compared with those used in the CRD examples for a moderate and a low volatility active substance at two sites. Single application with a test product 7 d exposure period Concentration of a.s. in product = 250 g/l Inhalation absorption =100% Applied do...
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Related to Exposure to vapour

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