Common use of Population dynamics Clause in Contracts

Population dynamics. Survival: Based on an analysis of ring recoveries, Ebbinge et al. (1984) calculated that the annual adult survival rate of pink-footed geese increased from 0.71 during 1955-1974 to 0.85 during 1975-1983. The increase in survival was ascribed to protection from hunting in the Belgian and Dutch wintering grounds (gradually implemented during 1968-1976). Based on capture/resightings of neck-banded individuals, ▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇ (1996) estimated annual adult survival rate was 0.84 during 1990-1996. Subsequent capture-resighting analyses has given similar estimates (▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al. 2002; ▇▇▇▇ et al. 2006). Signs of a decrease in annual survival shown in ▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al. (2002) was not confirmed in the longer time series, hence there is no suggestion of a recent change in adult survival (▇▇▇▇ et al. 2006). In years with mild ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ the survival rate increases. On a seasonal basis mortality is highest during autumn and summer (▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al. 2002).

Population dynamics. Survival: Based on an analysis of ring recoveries, Ebbinge et al. (1984) calculated that the annual adult survival rate of pink-footed geese increased from 0.71 during 1955-1974 to 0.85 during 1975-1983. The increase in survival was ascribed to protection from hunting in the Belgian and Dutch wintering grounds (gradually implemented during 1968-1976). Based on capture/resightings of neck-banded individuals, ▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇ (1996) estimated annual adult survival rate was 0.84 during 1990-1996. Subsequent capture-capture- resighting analyses has given similar estimates (▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al. 2002; ▇▇▇▇ et al. 2006). Signs of a decrease in annual survival shown in ▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al. (2002) was not confirmed in the longer time series, hence there is no suggestion of a recent change in adult survival (▇▇▇▇ et al. 2006). In years with mild ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ the survival rate increases. On a seasonal basis mortality is highest during autumn and summer (▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al. 2002).