Common use of Robustness Checks Clause in Contracts

Robustness Checks. This paper focuses on explaining the degree of access that interest groups obtain to public officials. However, access can be conceptualized as a two-step process in which first interest groups gain access, and, subsequently, they can have repeated access. This section evaluates the robustness of the results while accounting for those organizations without access. More specifically, Table 4.3 below presents the results of hurdle negative binomial models, a two- step method that first assesses the probability of obtaining the binary outcome, in this case obtaining access or not, and subsequently calculates the effects of the same explanatory factors on the level of access (see ▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al. 2019 for a similar approach). This model is appropriate in the case of a sequential decision-making process. Even though the two stages of granting access once and deciding to grant access multiple times are estimated separately, the second stage should be interpreted as conditional on the first stage. Prioritizing Professionals? The first step of the model (binary logit), shows that organizational capacity increases the likelihood of gaining access. In contrast, member involvement and functioning as a transmission belt is not related to the probability of gaining access.31 That is, the same organizational factors that explain the level of access seem to explain the likelihood of gaining access. Additionally, the second step of the model (zero-truncated negative bi- nomial) confirm the results presented in Table 4.2. The only differences are found in the significance levels of some control variables. More specifically, the second step of hurdle models show that only organizational scale and resources are significantly related to the degree of access, yet this result is not consistent across all model specifications in Table