Statistical Analyses. Author Manuscript To make variables more clinically sensible for decision making in the ED, all patient history and physical examination variables were assessed as dichotomous (ie, presence or absence of a finding). We determined the interobserver agreement for each clinical finding by calculating the unweighted ▇▇▇▇▇ kappa (κ) statistic with two-sided 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as well as the percent agreement. The interobserver agreement was categorized based on the κ point estimates as slight (0–0.2), fair (0.21–0.4), moderate (0.41– 0.6), substantial (0.61–8), and almost perfect (0.81–1.0). (25,26) For each variable, we excluded from the κ analysis any paired observations for which data were missing or at least one assessor marked the variable as “unsure.” Author Manuscript
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Sources: Interobserver Agreement in the Assessment of Clinical Findings in Children With Headaches, Interobserver Agreement in the Assessment of Clinical Findings in Children With Headaches, Publication Agreement