BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION Clause Samples

BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION. The crisis in Syria is in its third year, resulting in massive population displacement and growing humanitarian and livelihoods needs. Within the Strategic framework signed between the UN in Syria and the Government of the Syrian Arab Republic, and in line with the Country Programme Document 2016/2017, UNDP’s response falls under two main outcomes: 1- Households and communities benefit from sustainable livelihood opportunities, including economic recovery and social inclusion 2- Basic and social services and infrastructure restored, improved and sustained to enhance community resilience

BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION. Montana agricultural producers are always looking for the development and implementation of new and/or refined materials and methods for enhanced economic efficiency in cereal crop production. This project is designed to provide answers on these issues to producers across the many regions of the state.

BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION. 3.1.1 Context – General Moldova migration profile in short 3.1.2 Identified needs to be addressed under this Twinning 3.1.3 The institutional setting in the Republic of Moldova

BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION. Ukrainian rail transport is a leading player in the transportation system of Ukraine, with its 82% coverage of freight and almost 50% passenger transportation out of all transportation modes. Ukraine’s railway network covers nearly 22 thousand kilometres with 45 % of those being electric. With its freight volumes transported, Ukraine is the 4th busiest railway on the Eurasian continent, outrun only by China, Russia and India. The territory of Ukraine is crossed over by three Rail Transport Corridors No. 3, 5 and 9. Pan-European Transit Corridor No. 7 following the Danube River is linked to Ukraine through the Ukrainian ports of Ismail and Reni. At present, the length of national rail transit corridors of Ukraine is 3162 km. Mainly, these are hi tech double-track electrified ABS railways. Moreover, transportation along with the international transit TRACECA corridor ("Transport Corridor "Europe-Caucuses-Asia") continues to be developed. With the enlargement the EU set new goals in terms of building new transport zones and development of international transport corridors. The new Trans European Transport Network is underway in Europe, covering all modes of transportation and a new wide scale development plan for Trans European Transport Network (TEN-Т) is to be implemented by 2020. This plan envisages unification of transport networks of all new EU member-states due to the need to create a bigger, stronger Single European Market. In the Transport White Paper 2011, the guidance document for the development of transport in the EU, establishment of a Single European Railway Area with a network of rail corridors with multimodal connections is set as one of the major objectives. Railways will be one of the key elements of the TEN - T core network. Overall the Multiannual Financial Framework foresees that this EU TEN T core network will be (co)financed over the coming years through EU contributions of EUR 28 bn. This will effectively act as "seed capital" to stimulate further investment by Member States to complete difficult cross-border connections and links which might not otherwise get built. It is estimated that the cost of implementing the first financing phase for the core network for 2014–2020 will be €250 billion. According to the White Paper for Transport, by 2030 30% of road freight over 300 km should shift to other modes such as rail or waterborne transport, and more than 50 % by 2050. Within the framework of the 4th meeting of Transport Panel of Easter...

BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION. The Regional Project to manage, monitor and control wild fauna and flora species threatened by trade (Bioamazon Project), is part of a commitment between the Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO) and the German Government for the financing of a Regional Project in the area of biodiversity conservation, forest protection and climate change, with non-reimbursable financial cooperation funds channeled by KfW. The goal of the project is to contribute to the conservation of Amazonian Biodiversity, particularly of CITES- listed species, by increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of management, monitoring and control of wild fauna and flora species threatened by trade.

BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION. UNICEF Nepal is committed to continue engaging families, children and youth as key actors in their own development and exploring innovative approaches and technologies to address major child-related issues which, if successful, can be scaled up to the national level. A key part of this work is testing and applying innovative approaches and methodologies such as SMS and real-time monitoring methods in collaboration with key partners. RapidPro is an open source software platform that allows organizations and governments to easily design, pilot, and scale services that connect directly with a mobile phone user using SMS text messages. RapidPro allows to manage data, complex workflows, and group coordination using a simple, interactive online dashboard – providing officials and community members alike with a tool to disseminate real-time information and feedback loops for the issues that matter most to them. RapidPro has been successfully implemented for real-time monitoring, two-way communication with communities, and citizen engagement initiatives. Since 2012, UNICEF Nepal has been piloting and using mobile technologies based on RapidPro in support of multiple projects across sectors and in collaboration with key partners. This includes supporting the implementation of RapidPro to provide real-time monitoring of the Child Grant – one of five government-led social cash transfers targeting children under five years of age – which being supported as part of the RapidPro Scale-Up Global Initiative with technical and financial support from Innovation Unit in New York. In addition, interest has been shown from other sections including education, health and C4D in using RapidPro for testing and applying innovative approaches based on RapidPro to support engagement with youth and strengthening of existing monitoring systems. For the Rapid Pro platform to function a local service provider is required to provide a toll-free SMS short code services that is functional across all major networks in Nepal. Note that UNICEF Nepal already owns two short-codes, which are currently being managed by the current contractor (Focus One). In order to ensure continuity of service, and maintain consistency in communication channels with UNICEF’s partners and wider constituency in Nepal, it is preferable that the short code remains the one already exclusively allocated to UNICEF and partners.

BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION. The Regional Project for the Management, Monitoring and Control of Wildlife Species Threatened by Trade is based on a commitment between the Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO) and the German Government to fund a Regional Project in the area of biodiversity conservation, forest protection and climate change, with non- reimbursable financial cooperation funds channeled by KfW. The objective of the project is to contribute to the conservation of the Amazon Biodiversity and especially of the species included in CITES, by increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of the management, monitoring and control of wild fauna and flora species threatened by trade in ACTO's Member Countries. The project conception has 3 components: National and regional information and knowledge management systems; 2) Strengthening and regional harmonization of national mechanisms/systems/processes for issuing electronic permits; and 3) Strengthening of sustainable management initiatives and traceability mechanisms for Amazonian species. ACTO's Member Countries (Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, Peru and Venezuela), have been generating qualitative and quantitative information in different areas (Forestry, Water Resources, Endangered Species of Flora and Fauna, among others), which are visualized in their national computer systems corresponding to the Member Countries with the support of the PS/ACTO; however, such information is not yet articulated and visualized regionally. It is contemplated in component 1 of the Bioamazon Project to advance the interoperability of the referred national systems with the Amazon Regional Observatory (ARO). For this reason, the beginning of the ARO has been prioritized by PS/ACTO, as a space for articulation in different areas of information in the Amazonian countries, so it is necessary a qualitative advance with technological and operational results until mid-2021. In this sense, ACTO needs a permanent Data Science specialist, whose fundamental objective is the management and treatment of information from the Amazon within the ARO through the computational tools that are being implemented, that meet the demands of ACTO in its relationship with the Entities of the member countries with which the exchange of information will take place since the identification, collection, standardization, storage, processing and publication of information.

BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION. Since 1994, the Sports Commission has been partnering with Palm Beach County to bring sports tourism to Palm Beach County by, among other things, overseeing the Sports grant agreements. The Sports Commission Agreement (Resolution 94-702, as amended) was adopted by the BCC to streamline the process of promoting, marketing, and increasing sports tourism to Palm Beach County. This Category "G" grant supports and stimulates economic growth in Palm Beach County. The BCC granted the County Administrator and/or the Director of the TDC authority to execute Category "G" Agreements. This Grant Agreement has been executed on behalfof the BCC by the TDC Director in accordance with the authority delegated by the BCC and is now being submitted to the BCC to receive and file.

BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION. LGBTQ populations exist throughout the entirety of the world including the African continent, and Rwanda specifically. Many health and human rights campaigns, alongside hundreds of research studies, identify the risks, behaviors, and perceptions of LGBTQ persons on different health topics throughout the world (Global Attitudes Survey on LGBTI People, 2016). Beliefs that homosexuality is un-African or that no African can be LGBTQ create an environment in which LGBTQ Africans struggle to balance their identity as an African alongside their sexuality and other values they hold dear (Wahab, 2015). In Sub-Saharan Africa religious conservatives preach homophobic, stigmatic and discriminatory ideologies against LGBTQ persons intending to deepen negative views about LGBTQ individuals (Eleonorasdotter, 2014). In regions of the world where homosexuality is criminalized, and even punishable by death, (ILGA, May 2016) it is incredibly difficult for LGBTQ persons to navigate the coming out process; oftentimes it is required that individuals choose to complete this process alone or not at all. However, research has shown that what is actually needed is support and acceptance of friends and family members (▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇, et al. 2010). Attempting to understand your sexuality or gender identity alone and without support and acceptance of those closest to you can be extremely difficult and lead to grave consequences for those lacking that support (Solomon, Mcabee, et al, 2015). The process of coming out is frightening and can be inherently threatening to the persons own physical, emotional, and mental wellbeing. Disclosure of non-normative sexualities can result in physical harm, censure, or rejection from family and/or friends (Solomon, Mcabee, et al, 2015). Nevertheless, the LGBTQ population in Rwanda has progressed. In the last five years alone Kigali, the capital city, has witnessed the formation of 11 LGBTQ associations and advocacy organizations. Hundreds of thousands of LGBTQ men and women have made the choice to live openly with their sexuality and/or identity through their involvement in one, or more, of these associations. Associations are now able, with the support of NGO’s like HDI, to improve the lives through empowerment and expand social networks of LGBTQ persons in Kigali, and around Rwanda (HDI, 2017). As stated before, several studies have been completed focusing on the risks, behaviors, and beliefs of LGBTQ persons in Rwanda and Africa as a whole, however ...