Health inequalities Sample Clauses

Health inequalities. Generally, those living in the most deprived areas in Highland are over three times more likely to assess their health as not good compared to those living in our most affluent areas. Currently the gap in life expectancy at birth between those living in the most deprived and least deprived deciles of national deprivation is 13 years for men and 8 years for women. Male and female life expectancy is strongly negatively associated with markers of deprivation such as working age benefit and child benefit uptake. Health inequalities are evidenced also in terms of: • Long-term limiting illness - of the Highland population living with a limiting long- term illness, 24% are found in the most deprived areas compared to 13% in those considered least deprived. In adults of working age those in our most deprived areas are 3 times more likely to have a limiting illness than those in the least. • Oral health is a good general indication of a healthy start in life. The percentage of 5-year old children with experience of tooth decay shows a clear gradient of dental health inequality that increases with deprivation, and over 50% of those in our most deprived areas experience decay. • A range of individual influences on health, such as diet, smoking and exercise are influenced by socio-economic factors such as income, employment, education and housing. Survey data show that over 40% of the population of Highland’s most deprived areas smoke and that those in the lowest income category and in socially rented housing are nearly twice as likely to smoke compared to the population average.
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Health inequalities. Developing interventions that are inequalities sensitive and measuring the impact of these is a fundamental aspect of developing fairer communities and improving health outcomes. A Health Inequalities Impact Assessment for this redesign proposal was carried out early in 2021 (Appendix SC09). The purpose of the assessment was to consider the key health inequalities and to identify how the proposed redesign could address these. This underlined that the level of deprivation is consistently greater in Caithness than Highland, and the overall percentage of people in Caithness living in the lower three quintiles is greater than both Highland and Scotland. People who live in deprived areas are more likely to die early from disease and have more years of ill-health. Those most socially deprived are at greater risk of living with multiple long- term conditions at earlier age12. Early death and illnesses associated with mental wellbeing, diet, drug use, tobacco and alcohol dependency are more common in poorer areas than in richer areas13. Some of the key points to emerge from the assessment are as follows: • an increasing elderly population in Caithness; • a slightly higher incidence of self-reported mental health issues compared to Highland overall; • a slightly higher prevalence of people diagnosed with dementia compared to Highland and Scotland overall; • long travel distances often required to access health care due to rurality; and • a significant number of people not registered with a GP. Key recommendations from the report are listed below: • any new model of care should have a preventative aspect as well as a treatment aspect; 12 The Annual report of the Director of Public Health 2019: Past. Present and Future Trends in Health and Wellbeing, Supplementary Paper 6, Care dependency in the older population of NHS Highland. DPH-Annual-Report-2019-and-appendices.pdf (▇▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇) 13 The Scottish Burden of Disease Study, 2016. ▇▇▇▇▇://▇▇▇.▇▇▇▇▇▇▇.▇▇▇.▇▇/media/1733/sbod2016-overview-report-sept18.pdf • develop a programme of health inequalities training that can be rolled out across NHS and community staff; • nurture and maintain close links between the redesign project team, other partners and including representatives from identified protected characteristics; and • work closely with social isolation and mental wellbeing group to develop and improve responsive and supportive services for people experiencing mental distress.
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Health inequalities. Social gradients in health are evident across the lifespan from childhood to old age and tell a story of reduced quality of life, denial of opportunity, poorer health and early death. The extent of the inequalities and variation in health will depend on how they are measured and the groups being compared. The following are indicative of the challenges: • Currently the gap in life expectancy at birth between those living in the most deprived and least deprived deciles of national deprivation is 13 years for men and 8 years for women. Male and female life expectancy is strongly negatively associated with markers of deprivation such as working age benefit and child benefit uptake. • Generally, those living in the most deprived areas in Highland are over three times more likely to assess their health as not good compared to those living in our most affluent areas. • Similarly 24% of the Highland population live with a limiting long-term illness in the most deprived areas compared to 13% in those considered least deprived. In adults of working age those in our most deprived areas are 3 times more likely to have a limiting illness than those in the least. • Oral health is a good general indication of a healthy start in life. The percentage of 5-year old children with experience of tooth decay shows a clear gradient of dental health inequality that increases with deprivation, and over 50% of those in our most deprived areas experience decay. • A range of individual influences on health, such as diet, smoking and exercise are influenced by socio-economic factors such as income, employment, education and housing. Survey data show that over 40 percent of the population of Highland’s most deprived areas smoke and that those in the lowest income category and in socially rented housing are nearly twice as likely to smoke compared to the population average. There is strong evidence both nationally and locally that while general population health has improved inequalities in many health outcomes have increased. The sentinel National Spending Review target of reducing premature mortality from Coronary Heart Disease in the most deprived areas suggests that absolute progress has stalled and that the relative gap between the least and most deprived areas has actually increased. However, it should be recognised that there are time delays between the benefits of social change and changes in health related behaviours and different disease rates.
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Health inequalities. Not all of society has benefited equally from increases in life expectancy and there are known variations that primarily result from inequalities in socio-economic circumstances. The underlying causes of poor health can include poverty and reflect other ways in which people are disadvantaged. For many the reality of the health inequality gap between the most and least deprived in Highland are poorer health, reduced quality of life and premature death (with the difference in life expectancy between the most and least deprived communities quantified at 13 years for men and 8 years for women in Highland). Health inequalities are described in paragraph 2.20 of this profile, highlighting health inequalities in terms of long-term limiting illness, oral health and unhealthy lifestyles in terms of poor diet, smoking and lack of exercise.
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Health inequalities. Office for National Statistics. London: The Stationery Office, 1997 (Series DS, No 15). Back 1 ▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇ and ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ M (eds). Health Inequalities. Office for National Statistics. London: The Stationery Office, 1997 (Series DS, No 15). Back 2 Confederation of British Industry. Managing Absence: in sickness and health London: CBI, 1997. Back
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Health inequalities. The Council and its partners put significant emphasis on reducing health inequalities across our area, inequalities which lead to earlier death and poorer health. The Council’s Health Inequalities profiles18 highlight some of the ▇▇▇▇▇ contrasts between our areas. Camelon East has male life expectancy of only 68.9 years and rates of coronary heart disease, respiratory disease and cancer well above the Falkirk average. On the other hand in the Lochgreen area of Falkirk male life expectancy is 79.8, almost 11 years longer than in Camelon, while all disease rates are well below the Falkirk average.
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Health inequalities. Health and Wellbeing Table 16: Prevalence of Health Conditions in the Dundee Population Conditions Patients on QOF register Dundee City SCOTLAND Life Expectancy
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Related to Health inequalities

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