Introduction and Rationale Clause Samples

Introduction and Rationale. The University of Wisconsin-Superior maintains an educational partnership with the Wisconsin Technical College System to provide opportunities for students to enter bachelor’s degree programs. In the interest of fostering cooperation between our institutions, and to better serve the transfer of students from the Wisconsin Technical College System to the University of Wisconsin-Superior, the faculty and administration of our institutions have established this articulation agreement. Child life specialists are skilled professionals who have earned a minimum bachelor’s or master’s degree, with an educational emphasis on human growth and development, education, psychology, or a related field of study. This agreement specifies the transfer of credit from the WTCS Early Childhood Education AAS degree program to the UW-S Child Life program in recognition that the WTCS program prepares students for admission to this program. The underlying assumption for this agreement is that the technical college provides a foundation of coursework and UW-S provides the upper-level courses required within the Child Life program. WTCS students who successfully complete the Early Childhood Education AAS degree program and wishing to transfer to the UW-S will be awarded the following credits toward the Child Life program: WTCS Program UW-Superior Program course # course title cr course # course title cr. granted ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ ECE: Children with Differing Abilities 3 ECED 353 Exceptional Needs of Young Children 3 ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ ECE: Art, Music & Language Arts and ECE: Practicum 4 3 3 ECED 355 Early Childhood Methods I 3 ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ ECE: Math, Science & Social Studies and ECE: Practicum 2 3 3 ECED 357 Early Childhood Methods II 3 ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ ECE: Family & Community Relationships 3 ECED 479 Family and Culture 3 ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ ECE: Administering Early Childhood Program 3 ECED 486 Administration of Child Development Programs 3 *See Child Life Description addendum listing requirements 42 total credits are required to complete the UW-S Child Life program - 15 credits from the WTCS Early Childhood Education AAS degree program directly transfer in as listed above. Students from the WTCS Early Childhood Education AAS degree program must have completed the program with a cumulative grade point average of at least 2.5/4.0 for consideration for transfer under the terms of this document. Elective courses taken at WTCS which are not listed in this agreement will be reviewed by the facult...

Introduction and Rationale. With this Agreement the University of Wisconsin Oshkosh establishes an educational partnership with Minneapolis Community and Technical College to provide opportunities for students to enter bachelor’s degree completion programs. This Agreement specifies the transfer of credit from the Associate Degrees named above to the Bachelor of Science Degree in Human Services at UW Oshkosh, in recognition that these programs prepare students for admission to this bachelor’s degree program. The underlying assumption for this Agreement is that the technical college provides a foundation of occupational courses and the University provides the upper-level courses required within the Human Services program.

Introduction and Rationale. On 30 December 2019, a novel enveloped RNA betacoronavirus was detected from a patient with pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei province. The pathogen was named the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). 1,2 Since beginning of 2020, SARS-CoV-2 spread rapidly throughout China and the rest of the world, the first detected case in the Netherlands on 27 February 2020. In the United States, there have been over 156,000 cases as of 30 March 2019. From a cohort of patients with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to hospitals in the Wuhan region, (n=1099), a mortality rate of 1.4% was observed, with an ICU admission rate of 5% and 2.3% undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation.2 The estimated basic reproduction number (R0) of SARS-CoV-2 is ~2.2-2.7 and, on average, each infected person spreads the infection to an additional two persons. SARS-CoV-2 is being transmitted via droplets and fomites during close unprotected contact between an infector and infectee.1 According to WHO, as of 20 February 2020, 75,465 laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV- 2 cases were established. Health-care workers face an elevated risk of exposure to- and infection of- SARS-CoV-2, although in China, surprisingly, infection of health care workers could mostly be traced back to in-household transmission.3 Of these 75,465 laboratory-confirmed cases, 2,055 (2.7%) were reported among health care workers from 476 hospitals across China. The majority of cases (77.8%) were found in the working age (30–69 years).1 In Wuhan, the hospital admission of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients substantially outweighed the number of physicians, leading to unsafe care and in-hospital transmission.4 Consequently, in the district of Wuhan 40,000 health care workers have been deployed from other areas of China to support the response in Wuhan. Subsequently, a SARS-CoV-2 pandemic reflects a serious threat to hospital personnel capacity, as the number of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients that require hospital care may well exceed the capacity of hospital personnel. It is imperative to ensure the safety, health and fitness of existing hospital personnel in order to safeguard continuous patient care. Strategies to improve the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection are therefore desperately needed. To date, treatment for SARS- CoV-2 has been supportive, and no curative or protective treatments have been identified yet. Bacillus ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇▇ (BCG) was developed as a vaccine against tuberculosi...

Introduction and Rationale. The University of Wisconsin-Superior maintains an educational partnership with Mid-State Technical College (MSTC) to provide opportunities for students to enter bachelor’s degree completion programs. In the interest of fostering cooperation between our institution, and to better serve the transfer of students from Mid-State Technical College to the University of Wisconsin-Superior, the faculty and administration of our institutions have established this articulation agreement. This agreement specifies the transfer of credit from the MSTC Associate in Applied Science (AAS) to the named above to the UW-S Bachelor’s Degree named above in recognition that the MSTC program prepares students for the admission to this bachelor’s degree program. The underlying assumption for this agreement is that MSTC provides a foundation of coursework and the University provides the upper-level course required within the bachelor’s degree program. MSTC students who successfully complete the MSTC Associate degree named above and wishing to transfer to the University of Wisconsin-Superior will be awarded the following credits toward a Bachelor of Science in Exercise Degree. MSTC Program UW-Superior Program Course # Course title Credits Course # Course Title Cr. granted ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ English Composition I 3 WRIT 102 College Writing 3 ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ Intro to Sociology 3 SOCI 101 Intro to Sociology 3 ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ Intro to Ethics: Theory and Application 3 PHIL 221 Contemporary Moral Problems 3 ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ Intro to Psychology 3 PSYC 101 Intro to Psychology 3 ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ Speech 3 COMM 110 Intro to Communication 3 HHP 110 Intro to HHP Majors 1 HHP100-200 Activity Courses HLTH 158 Responding to Emergencies 2 HLTH 160 Intro to Health Science & Terminology 2 HHP 182 Weight Training 1 HHP 203 Group Fitness 1 ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ General Anatomy & Physiology 4 HLTH 264 Human Structure and Function I 3 HLTH 265 Human Structure and Function II * HHP 282 Introduction to Physical Assessment * HHP 312 Aquatic Safety * HHP 332 Motor Learning * HHP 337 Practicum in HHP 102 Lab * HHP 340 Organization & Administration of HP, Health & Athletics * HHP 362 Kinesiology * ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ Nutrition for Health Living 3 HHP 363 Principles of Nutrition 3 ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ Health Coaching for the Wellness Professional 3 HHP 403 Health Coach 3 HHP 497 Senior Capstone Exp * ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ Heathy Aging 3 HLTH 289 HLTH Elective 3 ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ Behavior Change for Wellness 3 HLTH 289 HLTH Elective 3 ▇▇-▇▇▇-▇▇▇ Mental Wellness & Stress Management 3 HLTH 2...

Introduction and Rationale. Public health surveillance is defined by the Centers for Disease Control as “the ongoing systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health-related data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of Public Health practice, closely integrated with the timely dissemination of these data to those who need to know. The final link in the surveillance chain is the application of those data to prevention and control” [17]. Collection methods of public health surveillance data continue to evolve [2] with the “technology” of the times with an ever-increasing dependence on electronic data capture, transfer, storage, analysis, dissemination, and representation (e.g., visualization). The relatively young interdisciplinary field of public health informatics continues to play an essential role in bridging the information gap between the surveilled and those looking to investigate, evaluate, monitor, and impart public health interventions[2,6,7,15]. When describing the application of public health informatics (by informaticians) in the field of surveillance, Krishnamurthy and St. Louis state that “Informaticians use disciplines such as information science, computer science, communications theory, psychology, neuroscience, and systems engineering to understand and address the information requirements of an organization” [7]. The Collaborative Requirements Development Methodology (CRDM) [11], developed by the Public Health Informatics Institute (PHII), is a commonly utilized informatics methodology applied in the field of public health informatics in recent decades. The CRDM methodology relies heavily on a classic operational or systems engineering approach whereby subject matter experts and/or participants within a business process are engaged in a detailed workflow or task flow analysis. This approach begins by first considering the general context of the business (or public health operation). Next, the current state of how the work is being done is elicited from stakeholders and documented in a series of task flow diagrams that illustrate the primary tasks and decision points performed when completing a specific task. Once agreement is reached on the current state, a second phase of the methodology calls for a critical evaluation of the current state to identify inefficiencies or opportunities to improve the current state workflows resulting in a new enhanced future state. The final phase of the CRDM is to translate the future state workflows i...

Introduction and Rationale. 1.1.1 What is Farm-to-School

Introduction and Rationale. Stunting is the most common form of malnutrition and has far reaching consequences, affecting individuals, families, societies and the nation (▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, 2014). Known to occur within the first 1,000 days of life and almost impossible to reverse after 24 months, childhood stunting is associated with impaired cognitive development, poor school performance, reduced lifetime earnings and the perpetuation of the intergenerational cycle of poverty and stunting (stunted women are more likely to have stunted children). Globally WHO estimates that there are over 160 stunted children (▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al., 2008; ▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al., 2013; ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇, & ▇▇▇▇▇, 2016). Stunting is caused by a combination of factors, including sub-optimal feeding practices, sanitation related diseases, especially Environmental Enteric Dysfunction (EED) and maternal issues (women’s socio-economic status) (▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, 2014). Poor feeding practices and diarrhea have been associated with stunting (▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇, & ▇▇▇▇▇▇, 2016) and recent research suggests that up to 40% of all stunting may be caused by EED, a sub-clinical condition caused by repeated infection and suspected to result from children eating soil and mouthing objects that may be contaminated with animal feces. (▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇▇, 2011; ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al., 2015; ▇▇▇▇, 2000). EED alters the architecture of the small intestines, causing leakage into the blood stream and preventing the gut from absorbing nutrients (▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, 2016; ▇▇▇▇▇ et al., 2016; ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇, 2016). As primary caregivers, women’s ability to adequately provide feeding and care to children is impacted by their socio-economic status and gender norms that influence household decision making, including intrahousehold food distribution (▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al., 2015; FAO, n.d.; IFPRI, 2013). These in turn, influence women and children’ health and nutrition outcomes. Despite this knowledge, current interventions have largely focused on improving feeding practices and at best have combined this with interventions to address EED or improve women’s empowerment. (▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇, & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, 2018). Very few strategies or plans have addressed all these underlying causes of stunting together, explaining to some extent why current practices are unlikely to achieve the World Health Assembly (WHA) goal to reduce the number of stunted children to 100 million by 2025 (WHO, 2014).

Introduction and Rationale. The Company is well diversified and mature in the industries in which it operates. Innovation and investment in technology and a deep understanding of our clients’ business requirements facilitates the continued provision of cost effective and appropriate logistics services. The Company’s current low gearing and access to funding positions it favourably to grow during the current challenging economic environment. The next step in achieving the Company’s business and growth aspirations is the empowerment of employees through sharing in the economic value created by the Company. The employee share participation transaction detailed in this announcement aims to achieve this objective. The Board is of the opinion that the employee share ownership plan will: • offer a realistic opportunity to create substantial value for the employees of Cargo Carriers; • ▇▇▇▇▇▇ an ownership culture which is expected to enhance the commitment of employees to Cargo Carriers and keep them focused on achieving the Group’s growth targets; and • align the interests of employees with those of the shareholders of Cargo Carriers.

Introduction and Rationale. During the last two decades in the United States and around the world, there has been a striking upsurge in organized volunteer service and the establishment of nonprofit organizations that carry out this type of work.1,2,3 There was a 31.5% increase in the number of all 501(c) nonprofit organizations in the U.S. between 1999 and 2009.4 An average of sixty-two million Americans reported participating in volunteer activities between 2007 and 2009,5 with college students making up the fastest-growing group of people contributing volunteer hours.6 Many volunteers choose to participate in global service trips, spending short-term periods abroad in a recent uptick in service-learning, international volunteering, and what has been dubbed ―Voluntourism.‖7 It is estimated that just under one-fourth of international volunteer activity is focused in the field of public health and healthcare, with organizations enlisting the aid of volunteers to carry out medical clinics, health education, disaster relief, and the like.8 Some organizations recruit participants based on profession or experience in a field, but many rely on the service of unskilled volunteers to carry out short-term projects.9 The implications of volunteer service work in public health are vast and controversial. Some studies suggest that intercultural exchanges are valuable assets to host communities and volunteers alike.10 Others point out both costs and benefits to resource-limited economies in hosting volunteer groups.11 Critics of recent global health initiatives claim that current approaches to international health actually damage power structures in developing world settings,12 and some argue that short-term volunteer service projects generally detract from local healthcare infrastructure.13 Without question, volunteers who carry out public health projects must be appropriately prepared to handle the work they set out to do in order to carry out successful, impactful, responsible work.